RVSN

Home - Search - Browse - Alphabetic Index: 0- 1- 2- 3- 4- 5- 6- 7- 8- 9
A- B- C- D- E- F- G- H- I- J- K- L- M- N- O- P- Q- R- S- T- U- V- W- X- Y- Z

RVSN

Russian agency overseeing development of spacecraft. Raketniye Voiska Stratigcheskovo Naznacheniya (Russian Strategic Rocket Forces), Russia.

AKA: Rakentiye Voiska Strategicheskogo Naznacheniye. Location: Mosvka?.

People: Moskalenko, Kirill, Nedelin, Rodimov, Krylov, Mrykin, Voznyuk, Gaidukov, Lev, Tonkikh, Nosov, Kutakhov, Nitochkin, Alpaidze, Grigoryev, Karas, Gerchik, Statsenko, Kerimov, Mozzhorin, Moiseyev, Fadeyev, Kurushin, Bereznyak, Mordovtsev, Shlykov, Agadzhanov, Pokrovskiy, Boris, Ostashev, Kirillov, Krylov, Yuri, Shevchenko, Zudin, Suvorov, Akunin, Kolodin, Yashin, Anisimov, Andropov, Dokhov, Saus, Zhukov, Yuri, Alekseyev, Eduard, Ivanov, Vladimir, Sechkin, Kursnniy, Borisyuk, Shargin. Country: Russia. Spacecraft: Vostok, Oscar, Luna E-6, OGCh, Magion, Potok, Glonass, Rubin. Flights: Vostok 1, Vostok 2, Vostok 3, Vostok 4, Soyuz 18-1. Launch Vehicles: Proton. Projects: Intercosmos, Luna, Lunar L1, Lunar L3, Mars, Molniya, MS, Resurs, RORSAT, Salyut, Strela, Tselina, Venera. Launch Sites: Kapustin Yar, Medved, Baikonur, Plesetsk, Gvardeisk, Kolomiya, Khmelnitskiy, Lutsk, Manzovka/Ussuriysk, Mozyr, Postavy, Ruzhany, Siauliai, Valga, Belokorovichi, Birodbidzhan, Bologoye/Vypolzovo, Bynolzovo, Bershet, Dzhambul, Gladkaya/Krasnoyarsk, Itatka, Karmelava, Kostroma, Kozelsk, Lida, Nerchinsk, Novosibirsk, Nizhniy Tagil, Ordzhonikidze, Pervomaisk, Romny, Shadrinsk, Tomsk, Tyumen, Teikovo, Yasnaya/Oloynyaya, Yoshkar-Ola, Yurya, Aleisk, Drovyanaya, Derzhavinsk, Kartaly, Saryozek, Uzhur, Zhangiz-Tobe, Barnaul, Irkutsk, Tatishchevo, Svobodniy, Dombarovskiy, Vostochniy, Dobele, Elgava, Gezgaly, Glukhov, Kamyshin, Kansk, Kiev, Lvov, Novogrudok, Omsk, Petrikov, Pinsk, Plunge, Polotsk, Priekule, Rechitsa, Simferopol, Slavuta, Slonim, Slutsk, Smorgon, Sovietsk, Taurage, Ukmerge, Vetrino, Zaisimovichi, Zhitkovichi, Znamensk.

1957 January 19 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. LV Family: R-5. Launch Vehicle: R-5M.

Nuclear test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1958 November 1 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. LV Family: R-5. Launch Vehicle: R-5M.

Nuclear test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1958 November 3 - . Launch Site: Chelkar. LV Family: R-5. Launch Vehicle: R-5M.

NIIP-A Target - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1958 November 3 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. LV Family: R-5. Launch Vehicle: R-5M.

Nuclear test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1958 November 4 - . Launch Site: Chelkar. LV Family: R-5. Launch Vehicle: R-5M.

GCh Fakel - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1958 November 5 - . Launch Site: Chelkar. LV Family: R-5. Launch Vehicle: R-5M.

NIIP-A Target - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1958 November 28 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: R-5. Launch Vehicle: R-5M.

Zvezda - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 460 km (280 mi).

1958 December 11 - . Launch Site: Chelkar. LV Family: R-5. Launch Vehicle: R-5M.

NIIP-A Target - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1958 December 14 - . Launch Site: Chelkar. LV Family: R-5. Launch Vehicle: R-5M.

NIIP-A Target - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1958 December 19 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: R-5. Launch Vehicle: R-5M.

Zvezda - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 460 km (280 mi).

1959 January 29 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-2.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1959 January 29 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-1.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1959 February 2 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: R-5. Launch Vehicle: R-5M.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 200 km (120 mi).

1959 February 13 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: R-5. Launch Vehicle: R-5M.

Gotovnost-3 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 200 km (120 mi).

1959 March 4 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: R-5. Launch Vehicle: R-5M.

Gotovnost-1 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 200 km (120 mi).

1959 March 6 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: R-5. Launch Vehicle: R-5M.

Gotovnost-3 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 200 km (120 mi).

1959 March 6 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: R-5. Launch Vehicle: R-5M.

Gotovnost-1 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 200 km (120 mi).

1959 April 7 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: R-5. Launch Vehicle: R-5M.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 200 km (120 mi).

1959 April 7 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-2.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 200 km (120 mi).

1959 April 9 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: R-5. Launch Vehicle: R-5M.

Zvezda - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1959 April 9 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-2.

Zvezda - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1959 May 4 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-2.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1959 May 13 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-2.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1959 May 18 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-2.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1959 May 21 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-2.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1959 May 21 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-2.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1959 May 22 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-2.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1959 June 1 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-2.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1959 June 1 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-13.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1959 June 5 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-2.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1959 June 6 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-2.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1959 June 11 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-2.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1959 June 11 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-2.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1959 June 15 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-2.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1959 June 16 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-2.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1959 June 20 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-1.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1959 June 20 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-1.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1959 July 3 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-2.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1959 July 8 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-2.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1959 July 8 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-2.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1959 July 9 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-2.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1959 July 13 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-2.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1959 July 13 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-2.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1959 July 14 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-2.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1959 July 14 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-2.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1959 July 16 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-2.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1959 July 16 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-2.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1959 July 20 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-2.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1959 July 20 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-2.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1959 July 20 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-2.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1959 August 17 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-1.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1959 November 1 - . Launch Site: Sea Launch Area. Launch Pad: UNKPL. Launch Platform: ZULUV. Launch Vehicle: R-13.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1959 November 9 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-1.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1959 November 20 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-2.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1959 November 20 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-2.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1959 November 26 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-2.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1959 November 26 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-2.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1959 November 27 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-2.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1959 November 28 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-2.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 20 km (12 mi).

1959 December 1 - . Launch Site: Chelkar. LV Family: R-5. Launch Vehicle: R-5M.

NIIP-A Target - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1959 December 23 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-2.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1959 December 23 - . 19:05 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC1. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: R-7A.

R-7A I-1 test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,350 km (830 mi). Failure in first test of R-7A ICBM. Despite this failed launch, Cold War pressures meant that the R-7A conditionally entered service on 31 December 1959..

1959 December 24 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-2.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1959 December 24 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-2.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1959 December 25 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-2.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1959 December 26 - . Launch Site: Chelkar. LV Family: R-5. Launch Vehicle: R-5M.

NIIP-A Target - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1959 December 28 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-2.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1959 December 28 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-2.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1960 January 20 - . 16:35 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC1. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: R-7A.

R-7A I-2/Dummy L test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi). Suborbital aerodynamic test flight with R-7A 8K74 lower stages, dummy upper stages..

1960 January 24 - . 16:15 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC1. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: R-7A. FAILURE: Failure.

R-7A I-3 test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 20 km (12 mi).

1960 January 31 - . 16:17 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC1. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: R-7A.

R-7A I-4/Dummy L test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi). Suborbital aerodynamic test flight with R-7A 8K74 lower stages, dummy upper stages..

1960 March 1 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-13.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1960 March 17 - . 23:55 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC1. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: R-7A.

R-7A I-4 test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,350 km (830 mi).

1960 March 24 - . 02:06 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC1. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: R-7A.

R-7A I-5 test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,350 km (830 mi).

1960 April 15 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC1. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Vostok-L 8K72. FAILURE: The third stage RO-5 engine either did not reach full thrust or shut down early.. Failed Stage: 3.

Luna failure - third stage insufficient delta V - . Payload: E-3 s/n 1. Mass: 279 kg (615 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: Luna. Class: Moon. Type: Lunar probe. Spacecraft: Luna E-3. Decay Date: 1960-04-15 . COSPAR: F600415A. Reached an altitude of 200,000 km before plunging back to earth..

1960 April 16 - . 16:07 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC1. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Vostok-L 8K72. FAILURE: Strap-on B reached only 75 percent of thrust at ignition. Four tenths of a second after liftoff it broke away from the core.. Failed Stage: 2.

Luna failure at lift-off - . Payload: E-3 s/n 2. Mass: 279 kg (615 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: Luna. Class: Moon. Type: Lunar probe. Spacecraft: Luna E-3. Decay Date: 1960-04-16 . This dramatic failure resulted in a loss of thrust, and the lateral strap-on units separated and flew over the tracking stations and living areas. The core continued on its trajectory..

1960 May 1 - . Launch Site: Black Sea Launch Area. Launch Pad: 45.0 N x 35.0 E. Launch Vehicle: R-21.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1.00 km (0.60 mi).

1960 May 15 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC1. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Vostok 8K72.

Korabl-Sputnik 1 - . Payload: Vostok 1KP. Mass: 2,500 kg (5,500 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: Vostok. Class: Manned. Type: Manned spacecraft. Spacecraft: Vostok. Duration: 1,979.00 days. Decay Date: 1962-09-05 . USAF Sat Cat: 34 . COSPAR: 1960-Epsilon-1. Apogee: 514 km (319 mi). Perigee: 284 km (176 mi). Inclination: 65.00 deg. Period: 92.50 min.
The Soviet Union launched a Vostok 1KP prototype manned spacecraft (without heat shield; not recoverable) into near-earth orbit. Called Sputnik IV by the Western press. On May 19, at 15:52 Moscow time, the spacecraft was commanded to retrofire. However the guidance system had oriented the spacecraft incorrectly and the TDU engine instead put the spacecraft into a higher orbit. Soviet scientists said that conditions in the cabin, which had separated from the remainder of the spacecraft, were normal.
Officially: Development and checking of the main systems of the space ship satellite, which ensure its safe flight and control in flight, return to Earth and conditions needed for a man in flight.

1960 June 4 - . 15:49 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC1. Launch Vehicle: R-7.

UBP (Readiness) operational test launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,350 km (830 mi). R-7 readiness verification test..

1960 June 6 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-14.

State trials test launch 1 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1960 June 10 - . Launch Site: Chelkar. LV Family: R-5. Launch Vehicle: R-5M.

NIIP-A Target - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1960 Jun - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-14.

LKI No. 2 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1960 July 1 - . Launch Site: Chelkar. LV Family: R-5. Launch Vehicle: R-5M.

NIIP-A Target - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1960 July 5 - . 15:56 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC1. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: R-7A.

R-7A I-6 test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,350 km (830 mi).

1960 July 7 - . 15:27 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC1. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: R-7A.

R-7A I-7 test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,350 km (830 mi).

1960 July 20 - . Launch Site: Chelkar. LV Family: R-5. Launch Vehicle: R-5M.

NIIP-A Target - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1960 July 28 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC1. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Vostok 8K72. FAILURE: At ignition one of the combustion chambers in strap on Block B or G burned through. The strap on separated from the core at 17 seconds into the flight and the launch vehicle exploded at 28.5 seconds.. Failed Stage: 0.

Korabl-Sputnik - . Payload: Vostok 1K s/n 1. Mass: 4,730 kg (10,420 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: Vostok. Class: Manned. Type: Manned spacecraft. Spacecraft: Vostok. Decay Date: 1960-07-23 . First attempted flight of the Vostok 1K manned spacecraft prototype. Dogs Chaika and Lisichka perished in the explosion of the rocket..

1960 August 1 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-14.

State trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1960 August 1 - . Launch Site: Sea Launch Area. Launch Pad: UNKPL. Launch Platform: ZULUV. Launch Vehicle: R-13.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1960 August 1 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-14.

State trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1960 August 1 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-14.

State trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1960 August 19 - . 08:44 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC1. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Vostok 8K72.

Korabl-Sputnik 2 - . Payload: Vostok 1K s/n 2. Mass: 1,440 kg (3,170 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: Vostok. Class: Manned. Type: Manned spacecraft. Spacecraft: Vostok. Duration: 1.09 days. Decay Date: 1960-08-20 . USAF Sat Cat: 55 . COSPAR: 1960-Lambda-1. Apogee: 340 km (210 mi). Perigee: 281 km (174 mi). Inclination: 64.60 deg. Period: 90.70 min.
The Soviet Union launched its second unmanned test of the Vostok spacecraft, the Korabl Sputnik II, or Sputnik V. The spacecraft carried two dogs, Strelka and Belka, in addition to a gray rabbit, rats, mice, flies, plants, fungi, microscopic water plants, and seeds. Electrodes attached to the dogs and linked with the spacecraft communications system, which included a television camera, enabled Soviet scientists to check the animals' hearts, blood pressure, breathing, and actions during the trip. After the spacecraft reentered and landed safely the next day, the animals and biological specimens were reported to be in good condition.
Officially: Development of systems ensuring man's life functions and safety in flight and his return to Earth.

1960 September 1 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-14.

State trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1960 September 1 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-14.

State trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1960 September 22 - . 20:56 GMT - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. LV Family: V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-2A.

Ionosphere / aeronomy / biology mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 210 km (130 mi).

1960 October 1 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-14.

State trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1960 October 1 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-14.

State trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1960 October 10 - . 14:27 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC1. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Molniya 8K78. FAILURE: At T+300.9 sec, the launcher went out of control and the destruct command was given at T+324.2 sec - the engine of Stage 3 cut off after 13.32 s of burning.. Failed Stage: U.

Mars probe 1M s/n 1 failure. - . Payload: 1M s/n 1. Mass: 640 kg (1,410 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: Mars. Class: Mars. Type: Mars probe. Spacecraft Bus: 1MV. Spacecraft: Mars 1M. Decay Date: 1960-10-10 .
This was the Soviet Union's first attempt at a planetary probe. Mars probe intended to photograph Mars on a flyby trajectory. The possible cause lay in resonance vibrations of upper stages during Stage 2 burning, which led to break of contact in the command potentiometer of the gyrohorizon. As a result a pitch control malfunctioned and the launcher began to veer off the desired ascent profile. On exceeding 7 degrees of veering in pitch, the control system failed. The upper stage with the payload reached an altitude of 120 km before burning up on re-entry into the atmosphere above East Siberia.

1960 October 14 - . 13:51 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC1. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Molniya 8K78. FAILURE: At T+290 sec Stage 3's engine 8D715K failed to ignite because a LOX leak froze kerosene in the fuel inlet to the pump on the launch pad due to a faulty LOX valve seal.. Failed Stage: U.

Mars probe 1M s/n 2 failure. - . Payload: 1M s/n 2. Mass: 640 kg (1,410 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: Mars. Class: Mars. Type: Mars probe. Spacecraft Bus: 1MV. Spacecraft: Mars 1M. Decay Date: 1960-10-14 . Mars probe intended to photograph Mars on a flyby trajectory. This was the Soviet Union's second attempt at a planetary probe. The upper stages and payload broke up on re-entry into the atmosphere..

1960 October 24 - . 15:45 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/3. Launch Vehicle: R-16. FAILURE: Exploded on pad, killing nearly 100 people..

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).
First attempted launch of R-16 ICBM results in explosion on pad, killing over 100 military, engineers, and technicians, including Strategic Rocket Forces Marshal Nedelin. The first R-16 prototype was fuelled and on the pad, awaiting launch. An electrical problem developed, leading to a hold. Marshal Nedelin, commander of the Strategic Rocket Forces, ordered the engineers and technicians to fix the problem without the long delay of defuelling and refurbishing the missile. He personally had a deck chair brought out to the pad so he could watch the work first-hand. At 18:45 local time a spurious radio signal ordered the second stage of the rocket to fire while workers swarmed around the missile in its gantry. The missile exploded, killing a good part of the Soviet Union's rocket engineering and management talent. Among the dead were Nedelin, Konoptev, Grishin, Nosov, Kontsevsky, and Lev Berlin. 74 people were killed immediately, and 48 died in the ensuing weeks from burns or contact with the toxic and corrosive propellants. The total included 38 civilian engineers and 84 officers and enlisted rocket technicians. Yangel, the rocket's designer, was spared only because he had slipped into a bunker for a cigarette when the explosion occurred.

1960 November 1 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-14.

State trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1960 November 1 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-14.

State trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1960 November 17 - . Launch Site: Chelkar. LV Family: R-5. Launch Vehicle: R-5M.

NIIP-A Target - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1960 November 24 - . Launch Site: Chelkar. LV Family: R-5. Launch Vehicle: R-5M. FAILURE: Failure.

NIIP-A Target - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1960 December 1 - . 07:30 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC1. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Vostok 8K72.

Korabl-Sputnik 3 - . Payload: Vostok 1K s/n 3. Mass: 4,563 kg (10,059 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: Vostok. Class: Manned. Type: Manned spacecraft. Spacecraft: Vostok. Duration: 0.99 days. Decay Date: 1960-12-02 . USAF Sat Cat: 65 . COSPAR: 1960-Rho-1. Apogee: 269 km (167 mi). Perigee: 123 km (76 mi). Inclination: 65.00 deg. Period: 88.40 min.
The Soviet Union launched its third spaceship satellite, Korabl Sputnik III, or Sputnik VI. The spacecraft, similar to those launched on May 15 and August 19, carried the dogs Pcheka and Mushka in addition to other animals, insects, and plants. Deorbited December 2, 1960 7:15 GMT. Burned up on reentry due to steep entry angle (retrofire engine did not shut off on schedule and burned to fuel depletion).
Officially: Medical and biological research under space flight conditions.
Officially: Medical and biological research under space flight conditions.

1960 December 22 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC1. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Vostok 8K72K. FAILURE: The third stage engine RO-7 failed just after ignition, 425 seconds in to flight.. Failed Stage: 3.

Korabl-Sputnik - . Payload: Vostok 1K s/n 4. Mass: 4,730 kg (10,420 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: Vostok. Class: Manned. Type: Manned spacecraft. Spacecraft: Vostok. Decay Date: 1960-12-20 .
Unable to reach orbital velocity, the Vostok prototype separated while the third stage was still firing. While the ejection seat failed to operate, the capsule did make a hard landing in severe winter conditons in Siberia. It was recovered after some time, and the dogs Kometa and Shutka were alive. As a result of this flight the ejection seat was developed with a heat shield designed to protect the pilot in the event of a launch vehicle failure up to shut down of the first stage. Additional Details: here....

1960 December 24 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-14.

State trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1960 December 31 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-14.

LKI No 44? - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1961 January 1 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-14.

State trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1961 January 1 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-14.

State trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1961 January 1 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-14.

State trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1961 - . Launch Site: Black Sea Launch Area. Launch Pad: 45.0 N x 35.0 E. Launch Platform: S-229. Launch Vehicle: R-21.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1.00 km (0.60 mi).

1961 January 1 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-14.

State trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1961? - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Vehicle: Temp.

9K71 Phase 2 No. 2 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1961 January 1 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-14.

State trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1961 January 14 - . 01:19 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC31. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: R-7A.

R-7A II-1 operational test launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,350 km (830 mi). Some sources say first launch from LC31 was not until 27 February..

1961 February 1 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-14.

State trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1961 February 1 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-14.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1961 February 2 - . 19:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/4. Launch Pad: LC41/pad?. Launch Vehicle: R-16. FAILURE: Failure..

First successful R-16 launch. - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).
The missile was supposed to be launched at 18:00, but is then delayed to 24:00 due to technical problems. It is a clear night, illuminated by the moon, and the missile takes off at midnight. The first three minutes of flight are successful, but then the second stage fails to ignite. The missiles impacts 520 km downrange from the launch pad.

1961 February 4 - . 01:18 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC1. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Molniya 8K78. FAILURE: At T+531 sec, the fourth vernier chamber of Stage 3's 8D715K engine exploded because the LOX cut-off valve had not closed as scheduled and LOX flowed into the hot chamber.. Failed Stage: U.

Sputnik 7 - . Payload: 2MV-2 s/n 1. Mass: 6,483 kg (14,292 lb). Nation: Russia. Related Persons: Glushko, Korolev. Agency: RVSN. Program: Venera. Class: Venus. Type: Venus probe. Spacecraft Bus: 1MV. Spacecraft: Venera 1VA. Decay Date: 1961-02-26 . USAF Sat Cat: 71 . COSPAR: 1961-Beta-1. Apogee: 318 km (197 mi). Perigee: 212 km (131 mi). Inclination: 64.90 deg. Period: 89.80 min.
The escape stage entered parking orbit but the main engine cut off just 0.8 s after ignition due to cavitation in the oxidiser pump and pump failure.. The payload attached together with escape stage remained in Earth orbit.
The booster launched into a beautiful clear sky, and it could be followed by the naked eye for four minutes after launch. The third stage reached earth parking orbit, but the fourth stage didn't ignite. It was at first believed a radio antenna did not deploy from the interior of the stage, and it did not receive the ignition commands. Therefore the Soviet Union has successfully orbited a record eight-tonne 'Big Zero' into orbit. The State Commission meets two hours after the launch, and argues whether to make the launch public or not, and how to announce it. Glushko proposes the following language for a public announcement: 'with the objective of developing larger spacecraft, a payload was successfully orbited which provided on the first revolution the necessary telemetry'. Korolev and the others want to minimize any statement, to prevent speculation that it was a reconnaissance satellite or a failed manned launch. Kamanin's conclusion - the rocket didn't reach Venus, but it did demonstrated a new rocket that could deliver an 8 tonne thermonuclear warhead anywhere on the planet. The commission heads back to Moscow.

1961 February 8 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-14.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1961 February 12 - . 00:34 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC1. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Molniya 8K78.

Venera 1 - . Payload: 1VA s/n 2, Venera 1 (Sputnik 8, AMS). Mass: 644 kg (1,419 lb). Nation: Russia. Related Persons: Korolev. Agency: RVSN. Program: Venera. Class: Venus. Type: Venus probe. Spacecraft Bus: 1MV. Spacecraft: Venera 1VA. USAF Sat Cat: 80 . COSPAR: 1961-Gamma-1.
Venera 1 was the first spacecraft to fly by Venus. The 6424 kg assembly was launched first into a 229 x 282 km parking orbit, then boosted toward Venus by the restartable Molniya upper stage. On 19 February, 7 days after launch, at a distance of about two million km from Earth, contact with the spacecraft was lost. On May 19 and 20, 1961, Venera 1 passed within 100,000 km of Venus and entered a heliocentric orbit. This failure resulted in only the following objectives being met: checking of methods of setting space objects on an interplanetary course; checking of extra-long-range communications with and control of the space station; more accurate calculation of the dimension of the solar system; a number of physical investigations in space. Additional Details: here....

1961 February 13 - . 04:39 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC31. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: R-7A.

R-7A II-2 operational test launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,350 km (830 mi). Some sources say first launch from LC31 was not until 27 February..

1961 February 27 - . 00:52 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC31. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: R-7A.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,350 km (830 mi).

1961 March 3 - . 13:59 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/4. Launch Pad: LC41/pad?. Launch Vehicle: R-16.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1961 March 9 - . 06:29 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC1. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Vostok 8K72K.

Korabl-Sputnik 4 - . Payload: Vostok 3KA s/n 1. Mass: 4,700 kg (10,300 lb). Nation: Russia. Related Persons: Mozzhorin, Yazdovskiy. Agency: RVSN. Program: Vostok. Class: Manned. Type: Manned spacecraft. Flight: Vostok 1. Spacecraft: Vostok. Duration: 0.0700 days. Decay Date: 1961-03-09 . USAF Sat Cat: 91 . COSPAR: 1961-Theta-1. Apogee: 239 km (148 mi). Perigee: 173 km (107 mi). Inclination: 64.90 deg. Period: 88.60 min.
Carried dog Chernushka, mannequin Ivan Ivanovich, and other biological specimens. Ivanovich was ejected from the capsule and recovered by parachute, and Chernsuhka was successfully recovered with the capsule on March 9, 1961 8:10 GMT.
Officially: Development of the design of the space ship satellite and of the systems on board, which ensure necessary conditions for man's flight. Additional Details: here....

1961 March 25 - . 05:54 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC1. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Vostok 8K72K.

Korabl-Sputnik 5 - . Payload: Vostok 3KA s/n 2. Mass: 4,695 kg (10,350 lb). Nation: Russia. Related Persons: Bykovsky, Gagarin, Goreglyad, Kamanin, Karpov, Keldysh, Kirillov, Korolev, Nelyubov, Nikolayev, Popovich, Titov, Voskresenskiy, Yazdovskiy. Agency: RVSN. Program: Vostok. Class: Manned. Type: Manned spacecraft. Flight: Vostok 1. Spacecraft: Vostok. Duration: 0.0600 days. Decay Date: 1961-03-25 . USAF Sat Cat: 95 . COSPAR: 1961-Iota-1. Apogee: 175 km (108 mi). Perigee: 175 km (108 mi). Inclination: 64.90 deg. Period: 88.00 min.
Carried dog Zvezdochka and mannequin Ivan Ivanovich. Ivanovich was again ejected from the capsule and recovered by parachute, and Zvezdochka was successfully recovered with the capsule on March 25, 1961 7:40 GMT.
Officially: Development of the design of the space ship satellite and of the systems on board, designed to ensure man's life functions during flight in outer space and return to Earth. Additional Details: here....

1961 Q2? - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Vehicle: Temp.

9K71 No. 2 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1961 April 2 - . 14:06 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/4. Launch Pad: LC41/pad?. Launch Vehicle: R-16.

First full range R-16 flight. - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi). The R-16 carried a warhead to the impact zone in the Kamchatka Peninsula, only 400 m off target in range, and only 50 m to the right..

1961 April 9 - . 09:16 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC51. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,160 km (720 mi). The R-9 launch went normally, from the launch pad adjacent to that from which Yuri Gagarin would be launched three days later, in view of the cosmonauts..

1961 April 12 - . 06:07 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC1. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Vostok 8K72K.

Vostok 1 - . Call Sign: Kedr (Cedar ). Crew: Gagarin. Backup Crew: Nelyubov, Titov. Payload: Vostok 3KA s/n 3. Mass: 4,725 kg (10,416 lb). Nation: Russia. Related Persons: Karpov, Keldysh, Korolev, Moskalenko, Rudnev. Agency: RVSN. Program: Vostok. Class: Manned. Type: Manned spacecraft. Flight: Vostok 1. Spacecraft: Vostok. Duration: 0.0750 days. Decay Date: 1961-04-12 . USAF Sat Cat: 103 . COSPAR: 1961-Mu-1. Apogee: 315 km (195 mi). Perigee: 169 km (105 mi). Inclination: 65.00 deg. Period: 89.30 min.
First manned spaceflight, one orbit of the earth. Three press releases were prepared, one for success, two for failures. It was only known ten minutes after burnout, 25 minutes after launch, if a stable orbit had been achieved.
The payload included life-support equipment and radio and television to relay information on the condition of the pilot. The flight was automated; Gagarin's controls were locked to prevent him from taking control of the ship. The combination to unlock the controls was available in a sealed envelope in case it became necessary to take control in an emergency. After retrofire, the service module remained attached to the Sharik reentry sphere by a wire bundle. The joined craft went through wild gyrations at the beginning of re-entry, before the wires burned through. The Sharik, as it was designed to do, then naturally reached aerodynamic equilibrium with the heat shield positioned correctly.
Gagarin ejected after re-entry and descended under his own parachute, as was planned. However for many years the Soviet Union denied this, because the flight would not have been recognized for various FAI world records unless the pilot had accompanied his craft to a landing. Recovered April 12, 1961 8:05 GMT. Landed Southwest of Engels Smelovka, Saratov. Additional Details: here....

1961 April 14 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC31. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: R-7A. FAILURE: Failure..

R-7A II-3 test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi). Failure occurred only two days after Yuri Gagarin's flight..

1961 April 14 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Vehicle: Temp.

9K71 first launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1961 April 15 - . 13:58 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/4. Launch Pad: LC41/pad?. Launch Vehicle: R-16. FAILURE: Failure.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1961 April 21 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/4. Launch Pad: LC41/pad?. Launch Vehicle: R-16. FAILURE: Failure.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1961 April 21 - . 02:26 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC51. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,160 km (720 mi).

1961 April 25 - . 02:26 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC51. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A. FAILURE: Failure.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1961 May 16 - . 19:23 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/4. Launch Pad: LC41/pad?. Launch Vehicle: R-16.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1961 May 24 - . 03:18 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/4. Launch Vehicle: R-16. FAILURE: Failure.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1961 May 29 - . 01:44 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC51. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A. FAILURE: Failure.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1961 June 2 - . 05:12 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC51. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A. FAILURE: Failure.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1961 June 2 - . 17:24 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/4. Launch Vehicle: R-16.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1961 June 4 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-14.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1961 June 6 - . 18:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/4. Launch Vehicle: R-16. FAILURE: Failure.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1961 June 15 - . 05:45 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC31. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: R-7A.

R-7A II-4 test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,350 km (830 mi).

1961 June 16 - . 07:47 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/4. Launch Vehicle: R-16. FAILURE: Failure.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1961 July 4 - . 04:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC31. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: R-7A.

R-7A II-5 test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,350 km (830 mi).

1961 July 4 - . 20:20 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC31. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: R-7A.

R-7A II-6 test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,350 km (830 mi). Two launches from one launch complex in the same day..

1961 July 19 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Vehicle: R-5.

D04B - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1961 July 19 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Vehicle: R-5.

D04B - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1961 July 22 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/4. Launch Vehicle: R-16. FAILURE: Failure.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1961 July 25 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC51. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,160 km (720 mi).

1961 July 30 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC51. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,160 km (720 mi).

1961 August 3 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC51. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A. FAILURE: Failure.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1961 August 6 - . 06:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC1. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Vostok 8K72K.

Vostok 2 - . Call Sign: Oryel (Eagle ). Crew: Titov. Backup Crew: Nelyubov, Nikolayev. Payload: Vostok 3KA s/n 4. Mass: 4,730 kg (10,420 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: Vostok. Class: Manned. Type: Manned spacecraft. Flight: Vostok 2. Spacecraft: Vostok. Duration: 1.00 days. Decay Date: 1961-08-07 . USAF Sat Cat: 168 . COSPAR: 1961-Tau-1. Apogee: 221 km (137 mi). Perigee: 172 km (106 mi). Inclination: 64.80 deg. Period: 88.40 min.
Second manned orbital flight. The Soviet Union successfully launched Vostok II into orbit with Gherman S. Titov as pilot. The spacecraft carried life-support equipment, radio and television for monitoring the condition of the cosmonaut, tape recorder, telemetry system, biological experiments, and automatic and manual control equipment. Flight objectives: Investigation of the effects on the human organism of a prolonged flight in orbit and subsequent return to the surface of the Earth; investigation of man's ability to work during a prolonged period of weightlessness. Titov took manual control of spacecraft but suffered from space sickness. He was equipped with a professional quality Konvas movie camera, with which ten minutes of film of the earth were taken through the porthole. Both television and film images were taken of the interior of the spacecraft. Like Gagarin, Titov experienced problems with separation of the service module after retrofire. Titov was never to fly again, after being assigned to the Spiral spaceplane, which turned out to be a dead-end project. A biography of him by Martin Caidin ('I Am Eagle') made him somewhat more accessible than Gagarin to the West.

1961 August 9 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/4. Launch Vehicle: R-16.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1961 August 11 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Vehicle: R-5.

D04B - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1961 August 11 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Vehicle: R-5.

D04B - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1961 August 13 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/4. Launch Vehicle: R-16. FAILURE: Failure.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1961 August 15 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Vehicle: Temp.

9K71 No. 3 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1961 August 17 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Vehicle: R-5. FAILURE: Failure.

D04B - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1961 August 17 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Vehicle: R-5.

D04B - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1961 August 22 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Vehicle: R-5.

D04B - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1961 August 22 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Vehicle: R-5. FAILURE: Failure.

D04B - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1961 August 24 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Vehicle: R-5.

D04B - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1961 August 25 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Vehicle: R-5.

D04B - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1961 August 25 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Vehicle: R-5.

D04B - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1961 September 1 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-14.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1961 September 1 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-14.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1961 September 4 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/4. Launch Vehicle: R-16.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1961 September 6 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. LV Family: R-5. Launch Vehicle: R-5M.

Nuclear test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1961 September 10 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/4. Launch Vehicle: R-16.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1961 September 10 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC51. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A. FAILURE: Failure.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1961 September 10 - . 05:50 GMT - . Launch Site: Novaya Zemlya. Launch Vehicle: R-12.

Nuclear test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1961 September 12 - . 05:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Novaya Zemlya. Launch Vehicle: R-12.

Nuclear test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1961 September 13 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/4. Launch Vehicle: R-16.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1961 September 14 - . 04:45 GMT - . Launch Site: Kola Peninsula Launch Area. Launch Pad: 70.0 N x 40.0 E. Launch Platform: ZULUV. Launch Vehicle: R-13.

Nuclear test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1961 September 16 - . 04:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Kola Peninsula Launch Area. Launch Pad: 70.0 N x 40.0 E. Launch Platform: ZULUV. Launch Vehicle: R-13.

Nuclear test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1961 September 17 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/4. Launch Vehicle: R-16.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1961 September 19 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC51. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A. FAILURE: Failure.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1961 September 21 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC31. Launch Pad: LC31?. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: R-7A.

R-7A II-7 test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,350 km (830 mi). R-7A readiness verification test..

1961 September 22 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/4. Launch Vehicle: R-16. FAILURE: Failure.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1961 September 26 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC51. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,160 km (720 mi).

1961 Oct - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Vehicle: Temp.

9K71 Phase 2 No. 1 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1961 October 1 - . Launch Site: Black Sea Launch Area. Launch Pad: 45.0 N x 35.0 E. Launch Platform: S-229. Launch Vehicle: R-21.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1.00 km (0.60 mi).

1961 October 4 - . Launch Site: Chelkar. LV Family: R-5. Launch Vehicle: R-5A.

NIIP-A Target - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1961 October 6 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. LV Family: R-5. Launch Vehicle: R-5M.

Nuclear test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1961 October 6 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC51. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,160 km (720 mi).

1961 October 8 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC51. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A. FAILURE: Failure.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1961 October 9 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/4. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1961 October 11 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/4. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U. FAILURE: Failure.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1961 October 12 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC51. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,160 km (720 mi).

1961 October 15 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/4. Launch Pad: LC41/pad?. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1961 October 19 - . Launch Site: White Sea Launch Area. Launch Platform: ZULUV. Launch Vehicle: R-13.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1961 October 19 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-14.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1961 October 20 - . Launch Site: Kola Peninsula Launch Area. Launch Pad: 70.0 N x 40.0 E. Launch Platform: ZULUV. Launch Vehicle: R-13.

Nuclear test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1961 October 22 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/4. Launch Pad: LC41/pad?. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1961 October 22 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Vehicle: R-5.

D04B - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1961 October 23 - . Launch Site: Chelkar. LV Family: R-5. Launch Vehicle: R-5A.

NIIP-A Target - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1961 October 23 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-14. FAILURE: Failure. Failed Stage: 1.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1961 October 24 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Vehicle: R-5.

D04B - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1961 October 25 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Vehicle: R-5. FAILURE: Failure.

D04B - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1961 October 26 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Vehicle: R-5. FAILURE: Failure.

D04B - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1961 October 26 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC51. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A. FAILURE: Failure.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1961 October 27 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-12.

Nuclear Test K-2 Nuclear test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 180 km (110 mi). Two R-12's (other sources say R-5M's or an R-12 and an R-5M) were salvo fired, at least one with a live nuclear warhead, to Sary Shagan to support ABM-related research on the effects of nuclear explosions on rocket systems..

1961 October 27 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-12.

Nuclear Test K-1 Nuclear test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 300 km (180 mi). Two R-12's (other sources say R-5M's or an R-12 and an R-5M) were salvo fired, at least one with a live nuclear warhead, to Sary Shagan to support ABM-related research on the effects of nuclear explosions on rocket systems..

1961 October 27 - . 16:30 GMT - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar Mayak-2. LV Family: R-12. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 63S1. FAILURE: First stage failed.. Failed Stage: 1.

DS-2 s/n 1 - . Payload: DS-1. Mass: 300 kg (660 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: DS. Class: Technology. Type: Navigation technology satellite. Spacecraft Bus: SA-200. Spacecraft: DS-1. Failed first attempt to launch a DS-1 technology test version of the DS satellite atop a Cosmos 63S1 small launch vehicle. The boster didn't reach orbital velocity due to the failure of an acceleration integrator in the velocity regulation control..

1961 October 28 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/4. Launch Pad: LC41/pad?. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1961 October 28 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Vehicle: R-5.

D04B - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1961 October 29 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/4. Launch Pad: LC41?/pad?. Launch Vehicle: R-16.

K (OT) test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1961 October 31 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-14.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1961 November 25 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-14.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1961 November 29 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC31. Launch Pad: LC31?. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: R-7A.

Operational test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,350 km (830 mi).

1961 November 29 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/4. Launch Pad: LC41?/pad?. Launch Vehicle: R-16.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1961 November 29 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-14.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1961 December 1 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-14.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1961 December 2 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/4. Launch Pad: LC41?/pad?. Launch Vehicle: R-16. FAILURE: Failure.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1961 December 4 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-14.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1961 December 8 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-14.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1961 December 11 - . 09:39 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC1. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Vostok 8K72K. FAILURE: RO-7 engine of block E upper stage cutoff prematurely. Spacecraft liquidated by self destruct system APO in 407th second of flight. Debris landed 100 km north of Vilyuisk.. Failed Stage: 2.

Zenit-2 11F61 s/n 1 - . Payload: Zenit-2 11F61 s/n 1. Mass: 4,610 kg (10,160 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Class: Surveillance. Type: Military surveillance satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Vostok. Spacecraft: Zenit-2 satellite. Decay Date: 1961-12-11 .
First attempted launch of Zenit photo-reconnaisance satellite. According to Kamanin, there was a problem with the third stage, and the capsule landed between Novosibirsk and Yakutsk, but could not be located. There was no information on the nature of the problem. Korolev stayed at Tyuratam, preparing for the next launch attempt.

1961 December 14 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-14. FAILURE: Failure. Failed Stage: 1.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1961 December 21 - . 12:30 GMT - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar Mayak-2. LV Family: R-12. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 63S1. FAILURE: Second stage failed 354 seconds after launch.. Failed Stage: 2.

DS-1 s/n 1 - . Payload: DS-1. Mass: 300 kg (660 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: DS. Class: Technology. Type: Navigation technology satellite. Spacecraft Bus: SA-200. Spacecraft: DS-1.
Second attempted launch of Cosmos 63S1 small launch vehicle 2LK with a DS-1 satgellite. This time the new second stage failed. The oxidiser was exhausted before orbital velocity could be reached due to uncontrolled pumping of liquid oxygen into the combustion chamber. The upper stage and satellite impacted in the Kurile Islands. An Expert Commission headed by Ustinov was convened to review the program.

1961 December 23 - . Launch Site: Chelkar. LV Family: R-5. Launch Vehicle: R-5A.

NIIP-A Target - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1961 December 26 - . Launch Site: Chelkar. LV Family: R-5. Launch Vehicle: R-5A.

NIIP-A Target - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1961 December 26 - . Launch Site: Chelkar. LV Family: R-5. Launch Vehicle: R-5A.

NIIP-A Target - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1961 December 26 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-14. FAILURE: Failure. Failed Stage: 1.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1961 December 27 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar PL1. Launch Vehicle: R-12.

MP-1 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 405 km (251 mi).

1961 December 27 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: Luna-M tactical rocket series. Launch Vehicle: R-65.

First launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 70 km (43 mi).

1961 December 29 - . Launch Site: Chelkar. LV Family: R-5. Launch Vehicle: R-5A.

NIIP-A Target - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1961 December 29 - . Launch Site: Chelkar. LV Family: R-5. Launch Vehicle: R-5A.

NIIP-A Target - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1961 December 30 - . Launch Site: Chelkar. LV Family: R-5. Launch Vehicle: R-5A.

NIIP-A Target - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1962 January 4 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/4. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1962 January 11 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: R-14U.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1962 January 13 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-14.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1962 January 13 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/4. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1962 January 16 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/4. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1962 January 17 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/4. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1962 January 22 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-14.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1962 January 25 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/4. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1962 January 27 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-14.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1962 February 11 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar silo. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: R-14U.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1962 February 24 - . Launch Site: Sea Launch Area. Launch Pad: UNKPL. Launch Platform: HOTEL2. Launch Vehicle: R-21.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 293 km (182 mi).

1962 March 1 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-1. FAILURE: Failure.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1962 March 3 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

State trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1962 March 16 - . 11:59 GMT - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar Mayak-2. LV Family: R-12. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 63S1.

Cosmos 1 - . Payload: DS-2 s/n 2. Mass: 47 kg (103 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: DS. Class: Technology. Type: Navigation technology satellite. Spacecraft Bus: DS. Spacecraft: DS-2. Completed Operations Date: 1962-03-26 . Decay Date: 1962-05-25 . USAF Sat Cat: 266 . COSPAR: 1962-Theta-1. Apogee: 649 km (403 mi). Perigee: 207 km (128 mi). Inclination: 49.00 deg. Period: 93.10 min.
After five months of further work and tests to improve the reliability of the second stage, Yangel's team felt it was ready to again attempt a launch of the 63S1 booster. 63S1 s/n 6LK put a DS-2 satellite into orbit, which conducted studies of the ionosphere. This was the first successful launch of the Kosmos 63S1 launch vehicle. A decision was made after two unsuccessful launches of the DS-1 to create a simplified DS-2 spacecraft based on the equipment and structural elements of DS-1 spacecraft. The cylindrical section for mission avionics was completely omitted.

1962 March 21 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A. FAILURE: Failure.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1962 March 22 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,160 km (720 mi).

1962 March 28 - . Launch Site: Chelkar. LV Family: R-5. Launch Vehicle: R-5A.

NIIP-A Target - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1962 April 6 - . 17:15 GMT - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar Mayak-2. LV Family: R-12. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 63S1.

Cosmos 2 - . Payload: 1MS s/n 1. Mass: 285 kg (628 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: MS. Class: Technology. Type: Navigation technology satellite. Spacecraft Bus: MS. Spacecraft: 1MS. Decay Date: 1963-08-20 . USAF Sat Cat: 269 . COSPAR: 1962-Iota-1. Apogee: 1,485 km (922 mi). Perigee: 207 km (128 mi). Inclination: 49.00 deg. Period: 101.80 min. Radiation, cosmic ray data. Decay date suspect Investigation of the upper atmosphere and outer space; development of elements in the design of space craft. .

1962 April 8 - . Launch Site: Chelkar. LV Family: R-5. Launch Vehicle: R-5A.

NIIP-A Target - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1962 April 11 - . Launch Site: Chelkar. LV Family: R-5. Launch Vehicle: R-5A.

NIIP-A Target - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1962 April 11 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-14. FAILURE: Failure. Failed Stage: 1.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1962 April 12 - . Launch Site: Chelkar. LV Family: R-5. Launch Vehicle: R-5A.

NIIP-A Target - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1962 April 18 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,160 km (720 mi).

1962 April 20 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A. FAILURE: Failure.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1962 April 23 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,160 km (720 mi).

1962 April 24 - . 04:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar Mayak-2. LV Family: R-12. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 63S1.

Cosmos 3 - . Payload: 2MS s/n 1. Mass: 330 kg (720 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: MS. Class: Technology. Type: Navigation technology satellite. Spacecraft Bus: MS. Spacecraft: 2MS. Decay Date: 1962-10-17 . USAF Sat Cat: 281 . COSPAR: 1962-Nu-1. Apogee: 707 km (439 mi). Perigee: 216 km (134 mi). Inclination: 49.00 deg. Period: 93.80 min. Cosmic ray, radiation data. Investigation of the upper atmosphere and outer space; development of elements in the design of space craft. .

1962 April 26 - . 10:02 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC1. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Vostok 8K72K.

Cosmos 4 - . Payload: Zenit-2 11F61 s/n 2. Mass: 4,610 kg (10,160 lb). Nation: Russia. Related Persons: Nikolayev, Popovich. Agency: RVSN. Class: Surveillance. Type: Military surveillance satellite. Flight: Vostok 3, Vostok 4. Spacecraft Bus: Vostok. Spacecraft: Zenit-2 satellite. Duration: 3.00 days. Decay Date: 1962-04-29 . USAF Sat Cat: 287 . COSPAR: 1962-Xi-1. Apogee: 317 km (196 mi). Perigee: 285 km (177 mi). Inclination: 65.00 deg. Period: 90.50 min.
Area survey photo reconnaissance satellite. Program partially completed. Failure of primary spacecraft orientation system. It was to spend four days in space, to be followed by another mission during 5-10 May. This meant that Vostok 3/4 could not be launched before 20-30 May. The cosmonaut prime crew returned from their in-suit parachute training at Fedosiya.

1962 April 28 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-1.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1962 May 28 - . 03:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar Mayak-2. LV Family: R-12. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 63S1.

Cosmos 5 - . Payload: 2MS s/n 2. Mass: 280 kg (610 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: MS. Class: Technology. Type: Navigation technology satellite. Spacecraft Bus: MS. Spacecraft: 2MS. Decay Date: 1963-05-02 . USAF Sat Cat: 297 . COSPAR: 1962-Upsilon-1. Apogee: 1,578 km (980 mi). Perigee: 192 km (119 mi). Inclination: 49.10 deg. Period: 102.60 min. Monitored artificial radiation. Investigation of the upper atmosphere and outer space; development of elements in the design of space craft. .

1962 June 1 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

State trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1962 June 1 - . 09:38 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC1. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Vostok 8A92. FAILURE: Shutdown of Block B strap-on engine stage 1.8 seconds after liftoff. The booster crashed 300 m from the pad. Pad damaged.. Failed Stage: 0.

Zenit-2 11F61 s/n 3 - . Payload: Zenit-2 11F61 s/n 3. Mass: 4,610 kg (10,160 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Class: Surveillance. Type: Military surveillance satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Vostok. Spacecraft: Zenit-2 satellite. Decay Date: 1962-06-01 .
Area survey photo reconnaissance satellite. Third attempted launch of Zenit photo-reconnaissance satellite. It blew up 300 m from the pad, and did enough damage to put the launch complex out of operation for a month. Therefore the Vostok 3/4 launches could not take place until the end of July at the earliest.

1962 June 4 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-14.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1962 June 6 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-14.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1962 June 7 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

State trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1962 June 8 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-14.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1962 June 9 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,160 km (720 mi).

1962 June 14 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,160 km (720 mi).

1962 June 19 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,160 km (720 mi).

1962 June 21 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,160 km (720 mi).

1962 June 30 - . 16:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar Mayak-2. LV Family: R-12. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 63S1.

Cosmos 6 - . Payload: DS-P1 s/n 1. Mass: 355 kg (782 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: DS. Class: Military. Type: Military target satellite. Spacecraft Bus: DS. Spacecraft: DS-P1. Completed Operations Date: 1962-07-06 . Decay Date: 1962-09-08 . USAF Sat Cat: 338 . COSPAR: 1962-A-Delta-1. Apogee: 348 km (216 mi). Perigee: 261 km (162 mi). Inclination: 48.90 deg. Period: 90.60 min. Prototype ABM radar target; supported developmental experiments for ABM systems..

1962 July 1 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-14.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1962 July 1 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-14.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1962 July 1 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-14.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1962 July 2 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC31. Launch Pad: LC1. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: R-7A.

Operational test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,350 km (830 mi).

1962 July 13 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC60/8. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U. FAILURE: Failure.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1962 July 21 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

State trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1962 July 21 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,160 km (720 mi).

1962 July 24 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,160 km (720 mi).

1962 July 28 - . 09:18 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC1. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Vostok 8A92.

Cosmos 7 - . Payload: Zenit-2 11F61 s/n 4. Mass: 4,610 kg (10,160 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Class: Surveillance. Type: Military surveillance satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Vostok. Spacecraft: Zenit-2 satellite. Duration: 4.00 days. Decay Date: 1962-08-01 . USAF Sat Cat: 346 . COSPAR: 1962-A-Iota-1. Apogee: 356 km (221 mi). Perigee: 197 km (122 mi). Inclination: 64.90 deg. Period: 90.00 min. Area survey photo reconnaissance satellite. Also performed radiation measurements..

1962 July 29 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A. FAILURE: Failure.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1962 July 31 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC60/8. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1962 August 4 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-14.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1962 August 8 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

State trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1962 August 11 - . 08:30 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC1. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Vostok 8K72K.

Vostok 3 - . Call Sign: Sokol (Falcon ). Crew: Nikolayev. Backup Crew: Bykovsky, Volynov. Payload: Vostok 3KA s/n 5. Mass: 4,722 kg (10,410 lb). Nation: Russia. Related Persons: Barmin, Gagarin, Khrushchev, Kirillov, Kozlov, Frol, Popovich, Smirnov, Ustinov. Agency: RVSN. Program: Vostok. Class: Manned. Type: Manned spacecraft. Flight: Vostok 3. Spacecraft: Vostok. Duration: 3.93 days. Decay Date: 1962-08-15 . USAF Sat Cat: 363 . COSPAR: 1962-A-Mu-1. Apogee: 218 km (135 mi). Perigee: 166 km (103 mi). Inclination: 65.00 deg. Period: 88.30 min.
Joint flight with Vostok 4. The first such flight, where Vostok capsules were launched one day apart, coming within a few kilometers of each other at the orbital insertion of the second spacecraft. The flight was supposed to occur in March, but following various delays, one of the two Vostok pads was damaged in the explosion of the booster of the third Zenit-2 reconnsat in May. Repairs were not completed until August. Vostok 3 studied man's ability to function under conditions of weightlessness; conducted scientific observations; furthered improvement of space ship systems, communications, guidance and landing. Immediately at orbital insertion of Vostok 4, the spacecraft were less than 5 km apart. Popovich made radio contact with Cosmonaut Nikolayev. Nikolayev reported shortly thereafter that he had sighted Vostok 4. Since the Vostok had no maneuvering capability, they could not rendezvous or dock, and quickly drifted apart. The launches did allow Korolev to offer something new and different, and gave the launch and ground control crews practice in launching and handling more than one manned spacecraft at a time. The cosmonaut took colour motion pictures of the earth and the cabin interior. Additional Details: here....

1962 August 12 - . 08:02 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC1. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Vostok 8K72K.

Vostok 4 - . Call Sign: Berkut (Golden Eagle ). Crew: Popovich. Backup Crew: Komarov, Volynov. Payload: Vostok 3KA s/n 6. Mass: 4,728 kg (10,423 lb). Nation: Russia. Related Persons: Nikolayev. Agency: RVSN. Program: Vostok. Class: Manned. Type: Manned spacecraft. Flight: Vostok 4. Spacecraft: Vostok. Duration: 2.96 days. Decay Date: 1962-08-15 . USAF Sat Cat: 365 . COSPAR: 1962-A-Nu-1. Apogee: 211 km (131 mi). Perigee: 159 km (98 mi). Inclination: 65.00 deg. Period: 88.20 min.
Joint flight with Vostok 3. Acquisition of experimental data on the possibility of establishing a direct link between two space ships; coordination of astronauts' operations; study of the effects of identical spaceflight conditions on the human organism. The launch of Popovich proceeds exactly on schedule, the spacecraft launching with 0.5 seconds of the planned time, entering orbit just a few kilometers away from Nikolayev in Vostok 3. Popovich had problems with his life support system, resulting in the cabin temperature dropping to 10 degrees Centigrade and the humidity to 35%. The cosmonaut still managed to conduct experiments, including taking colour motion pictures of the terminator between night and day and the cabin interior.
Despite the conditions, Popovich felt able to go for the full four days scheduled. But before the mission, Popovich had been briefed to tell ground control that he was 'observing thunderstorms' if he felt the motion sickness that had plagued Titov and needed to return on the next opportunity. Unfortunately he actually did report seeing thunderstorms over the Gulf of Mexico, and ground control took this as a request for an early return. He was ordered down a day early, landing within a few mintutes of Nikolayev. Only on the ground was it discovered that he was willing to go the full duration, and that ground control had thought he had given the code.

1962 August 18 - . 15:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar Mayak-2. LV Family: R-12. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 63S1.

Cosmos 8 - . Payload: DS-K-8 s/n 1. Mass: 337 kg (742 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: DS. Class: Earth. Type: Micrometeoroid satellite. Spacecraft Bus: DS. Spacecraft: DS-K-8. Completed Operations Date: 1962-08-23 . Decay Date: 1963-08-17 . USAF Sat Cat: 367 . COSPAR: 1962-A-Xi-1. Apogee: 598 km (371 mi). Perigee: 244 km (151 mi). Inclination: 49.00 deg. Period: 92.90 min. Detected meteoroid flux in near-earth space and carried unspecified military research equipment..

1962 August 25 - . 02:18 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC1. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Molniya 8K78. FAILURE: At T+60 min 50 sec one of the four solid motors of the escape stage's BOZ unit did not fire. The resulting asymmetric torque caused the stage to lose correct attitude and three seconds after ignition of the main engine S1.5400A1 it began to tumble.. Failed Stage: U.

Sputnik 19 - . Payload: 2MV-1 s/n 1. Mass: 890 kg (1,960 lb). Nation: Russia. Related Persons: Kuznetsova, Ponomaryova, Solovyova, Tereshkova, Yerkina. Agency: RVSN. Program: Venera, Vostok. Class: Venus. Type: Venus probe. Spacecraft Bus: 2MV. Spacecraft: Mars 2MV-1. Decay Date: 1962-08-28 . USAF Sat Cat: 371 . COSPAR: 1962-A-Pi-1. Apogee: 252 km (156 mi). Perigee: 173 km (107 mi). Inclination: 64.90 deg. Period: 88.70 min.
Attempt to launch a probe towards Mars. The launch went well, but the fourth stage motor burnt for only 45s of the planned 240s. The stage remained in Earth orbit. However Kamanin notes that it was good that the launch of the basic vehicle was a success - it gave the visiting female cosmonauts confidence in the rocket they will have to ride.

1962 September 1 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-14.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1962 September 1 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-14.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1962 September 1 - . 02:12 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC1. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Molniya 8K78. FAILURE: At T+ 61 min 30 sec the fuel valve did not open.; the ignition command was blocked from going to the main engine of Stage 4.. Failed Stage: U.

Sputnik 20 - . Payload: 2MV-1 s/n 2. Mass: 6,500 kg (14,300 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: Venera. Class: Venus. Type: Venus probe. Spacecraft Bus: 2MV. Spacecraft: Mars 2MV-1. Decay Date: 1962-09-06 . USAF Sat Cat: 381 . COSPAR: 1962-A-Tau-1. Apogee: 246 km (152 mi). Perigee: 185 km (114 mi). Inclination: 64.70 deg. Period: 88.80 min.

1962 September 12 - . 00:59 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC1. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Molniya 8K78. FAILURE: At T+531 sec, the fourth vernier chamber of Stage 3's 8D715K engine exploded because the LOX cut-off valve had not closed as scheduled and LOX flowed into the hot chamber.. Failed Stage: U.

Sputnik 21 - . Payload: 2MV-2 s/n 1. Mass: 6,500 kg (14,300 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: Venera. Class: Venus. Type: Venus probe. Spacecraft Bus: 2MV. Spacecraft: Mars 2MV-2. Decay Date: 1962-09-14 . USAF Sat Cat: 389 . COSPAR: 1962-A-Phi-1. Apogee: 218 km (135 mi). Perigee: 179 km (111 mi). Inclination: 64.90 deg. Period: 88.40 min. The escape stage entered parking orbit but the main engine cut off just 0.8 s after ignition due to cavitation in the oxidiser pump and pump failure..

1962 September 27 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

State trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1962 September 27 - . 09:39 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC1. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Vostok 8A92.

Cosmos 9 - . Payload: Zenit-2 11F61 s/n 7. Mass: 4,700 kg (10,300 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Class: Surveillance. Type: Military surveillance satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Vostok. Spacecraft: Zenit-2 satellite. Duration: 4.00 days. Decay Date: 1962-10-01 . USAF Sat Cat: 422 . COSPAR: 1962-A-Omega-1. Apogee: 981 km (609 mi). Perigee: 829 km (515 mi). Inclination: 67.60 deg. Period: 103.10 min. Area survey photo reconnaissance satellite. Also performed radiation measurements..

1962 October 1 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-14.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1962 October 1 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-14.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1962 October 1 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-14.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1962 October 1 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-14.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1962 October 5 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/4. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1962 October 5 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC60/8. Launch Pad: LC60/8?. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1962 October 11 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

State trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1962 October 11 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

State trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1962 October 16 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC60/8. Launch Pad: LC60/8?. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1962 October 17 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/4. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1962 October 17 - . 09:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC1. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Vostok 8A92.

Cosmos 10 - . Payload: Zenit-2 11F61 s/n 5. Mass: 4,700 kg (10,300 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Class: Surveillance. Type: Military surveillance satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Vostok. Spacecraft: Zenit-2 satellite. Duration: 4.00 days. Decay Date: 1962-10-21 . USAF Sat Cat: 437 . COSPAR: 1962-B-Zeta-1. Apogee: 376 km (233 mi). Perigee: 178 km (110 mi). Inclination: 64.90 deg. Period: 90.00 min. Area survey photo reconnaissance satellite. Also performed radiation measurements..

1962 October 20 - . 04:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar Mayak-2. LV Family: R-12. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 63S1.

Cosmos 11 - . Payload: DS-A1 s/n 1. Mass: 315 kg (694 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: DS. Class: Technology. Type: Navigation technology satellite. Spacecraft Bus: DS. Spacecraft: DS-A1. Completed Operations Date: 1962-10-28 . Decay Date: 1964-05-18 . USAF Sat Cat: 441 . COSPAR: 1962-B-Theta-1. Apogee: 858 km (533 mi). Perigee: 240 km (140 mi). Inclination: 48.90 deg. Period: 95.60 min.
Carried military experiments to test communications and navigation equipment needed for command and control of Soviet nuclear forces (later used on the Uragan navigation satellites). Also conducted operational monitoring of cosmic rays, radiation from nuclear tests, and natural and artifically-produced radiation belts.

1962 October 22 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Vehicle: R-12.

Nuclear test K-3 Nuclear test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). The R-12 (other sources say an R-5M) launched a live thermonuclear warheads toward Sary Shagan which was detonated at an altitude of 300 km. High altitude tests designed to test electromagnetic pulse effects on electronics, especially ABM system radars..

1962 October 22 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A. FAILURE: Failure.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1962 October 24 - . 17:55 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC1. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Molniya 8K78. FAILURE: 16 seconds after ignition of Stage 4, Block L's S1.5400A1 engine exploded. A lubricant leak resulted in the jamming of a shaft in the turbopump gearbox and break up of the turbine.. Failed Stage: U.

Sputnik 22 - . Payload: 2MV-4 s/n 3. Mass: 6,500 kg (14,300 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: Mars. Class: Mars. Type: Mars probe. Spacecraft Bus: 2MV. Spacecraft: Mars 2MV-4. Decay Date: 1962-10-29 . USAF Sat Cat: 443 . COSPAR: 1962-B-Iota-1. Apogee: 260 km (160 mi). Perigee: 202 km (125 mi). Inclination: 65.10 deg. Period: 89.10 min.
Mars probe intended to photograph Mars on a flyby trajectory. The spacecraft broke into many pieces, some of which apparently remained in Earth orbit for a few days. This occurred during the Cuban missile crisis and was picked up by U.S. military radar installations, who originally feared it might by the start of a Soviet nuclear attack.

1962 October 25 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar Mayak-2. LV Family: R-12. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 63S1. FAILURE: Launch vehicle failed to orbit - unknown cause.. Failed Stage: U.

1MS - . Mass: 285 kg (628 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: MS. Class: Technology. Type: Navigation technology satellite. Spacecraft Bus: MS. Spacecraft: 1MS.

1962 October 28 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Vehicle: R-12.

Nuclear test K-4 Nuclear test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).
In a test of nuclear fratricide and ABM effectiveness, an R-5M (some sources say an R-12) launched a live thermonuclear warhead toward Semipalitinsk/Sary Shagan which was detonated at an altitude of 150 km. Two R-9 ICBM's were launched minutes earlier, timed to pass through the zone of the explosion. Both missiles guided to the planned impact zone without apparent ill-effect. This high altitude test was designed to test electromagnetic pulse effects on electronics, especially ABM system radars and incoming 'friendly' ICBM's.

1962 October 28 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC51. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A. FAILURE: Failure..

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).
In a test of nuclear fratricide and ABM effectiveness, an R-5M (some sources say an R-12) launched a live thermonuclear warhead toward Semipalitinsk/Sary Shagan which was detonated at an altitude of 150 km. Two R-9 ICBM's were launched minutes earlier, timed to pass through the zone of the explosion. Both missiles guided to the planned impact zone without apparent ill-effect. This high altitude test was designed to test electromagnetic pulse effects on electronics, especially ABM system radars and incoming 'friendly' ICBM's.

1962 October 28 - . 06:40 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC51. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A.

LKI - . Nation: Kazakhstan. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1962 November 1 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-14.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1962 November 1 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-14.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1962 November 1 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-14.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1962 November 1 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-14.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1962 November 1 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-14.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1962 November 1 - . 11:15 GMT - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-12.

Nuclear Test K-5 Nuclear test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 60 km (37 mi).
R-12 test flight with live nuclear warhead, successful warhead detonation in Semipalitinsk at an altitude of 60 km. High altitude test designed to study electromagnetic pulse effects on electronics, especially ABM system radars. Communications were disrupted over a wide area for over an hour.

1962 November 1 - . 16:14 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC1. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Molniya 8K78.

Mars 1 - . Payload: 2MV-4 s/n 4 / Sputnik 23. Mass: 894 kg (1,970 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: Mars. Class: Mars. Type: Mars probe. Spacecraft Bus: 2MV. Spacecraft: Mars 2MV-4. USAF Sat Cat: 450 . COSPAR: 1962-B-Nu-3.
Mars probe intended to photograph Mars on a flyby trajectory. Launched from Sputnik 23 in a 157 x 238 km, 65 degree parking orbit. Sixty-one radio transmissions were held in which a large amount of data was collected. On March 21, 1963, when the spacecraft was at a distance of 106 million km communications ceased, possibly due to a malfunction in the spacecraft orientation system. Mars 1 closest approach to Mars occurred on June 19, 1963 at a distance of approximately 193,000 km, after which the spacecraft entered a heliocentric orbit. Announced mission: Prolonged exploration of outer space during flight to the planet Mars; establishment of inter-planetary radio communications; photgraphing of the planet Mars and subsquent radio-transmission to Earth of the photographs of the surface of Mars thus obtained.

1962 November 3 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/4. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Operational test launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1962 November 4 - . 15:35 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC1. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Molniya 8K78. FAILURE: After T+260 sec, a malfunction of the pressurization system of the central sustainer led to cavitation in the oxidizer pipeline and LOX pump, followed at T+292s by the fuel pump.. Failed Stage: 1.

Sputnik 24 - . Payload: 2MV-3 s/n 1. Mass: 890 kg (1,960 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: Mars. Class: Venus. Type: Venus probe. Spacecraft Bus: 2MV. Spacecraft: Mars 2MV-3. Decay Date: 1962-11-05 . USAF Sat Cat: 451 . COSPAR: 1962-B-Xi-1. Apogee: 170 km (100 mi). Perigee: 170 km (100 mi). Inclination: 64.80 deg. Period: 87.90 min.
Mars probe intended to make a soft landing on Mars. Although the escape stage and payload reached orbit, the strong third stage vibrations shook a fuse loose from its mount in the main nozzle of the escape stage Block L's engine. The engine could not be ignited and remained in Earth orbit. It decayed about two months after insertion.

1962 November 22 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

State trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1962 November 24 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/4. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1962 November 25 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/4. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U. FAILURE: Failure.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1962 December 1 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-14.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1962 December 12 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/4. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1962 December 13 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/4. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1962 December 17 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/4. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1962 December 22 - . 09:23 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC1. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Vostok 8A92.

Cosmos 12 - . Payload: Zenit-2 11F61 s/n 6. Mass: 4,700 kg (10,300 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Class: Surveillance. Type: Military surveillance satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Vostok. Spacecraft: Zenit-2 satellite. Duration: 8.00 days. Decay Date: 1962-12-30 . USAF Sat Cat: 517 . COSPAR: 1962-B-Omega-1. Apogee: 385 km (239 mi). Perigee: 202 km (125 mi). Inclination: 64.80 deg. Period: 90.40 min. Area survey photo reconnaissance satellite. Also performed radiation measurements..

1962 December 25 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-14.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1963 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,160 km (720 mi).

1963? - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Vehicle: Temp.

9K71 Phase 2 No. 11 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1963 January 1 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-14.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1963 - . Launch Site: Sea Launch Area. Launch Pad: UNKPL. Launch Platform: HOTEL2. Launch Vehicle: R-21.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 293 km (182 mi).

1963 January 27 - . 01:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. LV Family: V-2. Launch Vehicle: A-1 (R-1).

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1963 February 3 - . 09:29 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC1. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Molniya 8K78. FAILURE: Upper stage gyro platform failure.. Failed Stage: G.

E-6 s/n 2 failure. - . Payload: E-6 s/n 2. Mass: 1,422 kg (3,134 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: Luna. Class: Moon. Type: Lunar probe. Spacecraft: Luna E-6. Decay Date: 1963-02-03 . Apparent causes were instabilities in the torque sensor circuit and the pitch-free floating gyro device. The upper stages and payload broke up on re-entry into the atmosphere over the Pacific..

1963 February 11 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC70. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,160 km (720 mi).

1963 February 13 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-14.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1963 February 14 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A. FAILURE: Failure.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1963 February 22 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,160 km (720 mi).

1963 March 4 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/4. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Operational test launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1963 March 11 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A. FAILURE: Failure.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1963 March 14 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,160 km (720 mi).

1963 March 18 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-1.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1963 March 21 - . 11:40 GMT - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar PL1. Launch Vehicle: R-12.

M-12 re-entry vehicle test flight - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 405 km (251 mi). First flight of Raketoplan Chelomei, launched at 16:40 Moscow Time. The reentry vehicle was destroyed during reentry. Maximum Altitude - 400 km. Maximum Speed - 14,400 kph. Distance of free flight - 1900 km..

1963 March 28 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-14. FAILURE: Failure. Failed Stage: 1.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1963 March 30 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/4. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Operational test launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1963 April 1 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-14.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1963 April 2 - . 08:16 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC1. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Molniya 8K78.

Luna 4 - . Payload: E-6 s/n 3. Mass: 1,422 kg (3,134 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: Luna. Class: Moon. Type: Lunar probe. Spacecraft: Luna E-6. Decay Date: 1963-04-03 . USAF Sat Cat: 563 . COSPAR: 1963-008A. Apogee: 182 km (113 mi). Perigee: 167 km (103 mi). Inclination: 64.70 deg. Period: 87.98 min.
Luna 4 was the second attempted Soviet unmanned lunar soft lander probe. The spacecraft, rather than being sent on a straight trajectory toward the Moon, was placed first in an earth parking orbit. The rocket stage then reignited and put the spaccecraft on a translunar trajectory. Failure of Luna 4 to make a required midcourse correction resulted in it missing the Moon by 8336.2 km on April 6, at 4:26 a.m. Moscow time. It thereafter entered a barycentric Earth orbit. The Soviet news agency, Tass, reported that data had been received from the spacecraft throughout its flight and that radio communication would continue for a few more days.

1963 April 6 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar Mayak-2. LV Family: R-12. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 63S1. FAILURE: First stage failed.. Failed Stage: 1.

DS-P1 s/n 2 - . Payload: DS-P1. Mass: 355 kg (782 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: DS. Class: Military. Type: Military target satellite. Spacecraft Bus: DS. Spacecraft: DS-P1. Prototype ABM radar target; supported developmental experiments for ABM systems..

1963 April 11 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-14.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1963 April 22 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC31. Launch Pad: LC31?. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: R-7A.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,350 km (830 mi).

1963 April 26 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/4. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Operational test launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1963 May 18 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC31. Launch Pad: LC31?. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: R-7A.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,350 km (830 mi).

1963 May 18 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC60/7. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U. FAILURE: Failure.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1963 May 18 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC60/6. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1963 May 18 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC60/8. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1963 May 20 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,160 km (720 mi).

1963 May 25 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/15. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1963 June 1 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/15. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U. FAILURE: Failure.

Operational test launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1963 June 1 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-1.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1963 June 1 - . 02:50 GMT - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar Mayak-2. LV Family: R-12. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 63S1. FAILURE: First stage failed 4 seconds after launch.. Failed Stage: 1.

DS-MT s/n 1 - . Payload: DS-MT. Mass: 340 kg (740 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: DS. Class: Technology. Type: Navigation technology satellite. Spacecraft Bus: DS. Spacecraft: DS-MT. Payload developed by the VNIIEM to test electric gyrodyne orientation systems. Also studied variations in the intensity of cosmic rays..

1963 June 13 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A. FAILURE: Failure.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1963 June 21 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/15. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U. FAILURE: Failure.

BD - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1963 June 28 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/15. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1963 June 28 - . Launch Site: Teikovo. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1963 June 29 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-14.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1963 June 29 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-14.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1963 June 30 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC60/7. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Operational test launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1963 Jul - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Vehicle: Temp.

9K71 Phase 2 No. 12 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1963 July 8 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/15. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1963 July 9 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/15. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1963 July 10 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC1. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Vostok 8A92. FAILURE: Shutdown of Block B strap-on engine stage 1.9 seconds after liftoff. Pad damaged.. Failed Stage: 0.

Zenit-2 11F61 s/n 12 - . Payload: Zenit-2 11F61 s/n 12. Mass: 4,720 kg (10,400 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Class: Surveillance. Type: Military surveillance satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Vostok. Spacecraft: Zenit-2 satellite. Decay Date: 1963-07-10 . Area survey photo reconnaissance satellite..

1963 July 24 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A. FAILURE: Failure.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1963 July 25 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-12.

R-12U (8K63U) - . Nation: Ukraine. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 402 km (249 mi).

1963 July 27 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/15. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Operational test launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1963 August 13 - . 04:59 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/15. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 757 km (470 mi).

1963 August 20 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC60/8. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Military training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1963 August 22 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar Mayak-2. LV Family: R-12. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 63S1. FAILURE: First stage failed.. Failed Stage: 1.

DS-A1 s/n 3 - . Payload: DS-A1. Mass: 30 kg (66 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: DS. Class: Technology. Type: Navigation technology satellite. Spacecraft Bus: DS. Spacecraft: DS-A1.
Carried military experiments to test communications and navigation equipment needed for command and control of Soviet nuclear forces (later used on the Uragan navigation satellites). Also conducted operational monitoring of cosmic rays, radiation from nuclear tests, and natural and artifically-produced radiation belts.

1963 August 30 - . Launch Site: Teikovo. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1963 August 30 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-14.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1963 August 30 - . 06:30 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/3. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

T - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 754 km (468 mi).

1963 September 4 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/3. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

T - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1963 September 10 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/3. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Military training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1963 September 12 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,160 km (720 mi).

1963 September 17 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A.

State trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,160 km (720 mi).

1963 September 26 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/3. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Military training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1963 September 28 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC67/21. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67. FAILURE: Failure.

State trials launch (1) - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1963 October 1 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/3. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Operational test launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1963 October 14 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC31. Launch Pad: LC31?. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: R-7A.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,350 km (830 mi).

1963 October 18 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A. FAILURE: Failure.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1963 October 22 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk PU11. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Groza test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1963 October 23 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/3. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Operational test launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1963 October 24 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar Mayak-2. LV Family: R-12. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 63S1. FAILURE: Second stage failed 353 seconds after launch.. Failed Stage: 2.

DS-A1 s/n 4 - . Payload: DS-A1. Mass: 30 kg (66 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: DS. Class: Technology. Type: Navigation technology satellite. Spacecraft Bus: DS. Spacecraft: DS-A1.
Carried military experiments to test communications and navigation equipment needed for command and control of Soviet nuclear forces (later used on the Uragan navigation satellites). Also conducted operational monitoring of cosmic rays, radiation from nuclear tests, and natural and artifically-produced radiation belts.

1963 November 5 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A.

State trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,160 km (720 mi).

1963 November 5 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Vehicle: UR-200. FAILURE: Failure.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi). First UR-200 test flight. (LKI).

1963 November 19 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-14. FAILURE: Failure. Failed Stage: 1.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1963 November 22 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/3. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Operational test launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1963 November 23 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/4. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

State trials flight - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1963 November 28 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC1. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Vostok 8A92. FAILURE: Failure of block E upper stage. Spacecraft liquidated by APO destruct system.. Failed Stage: 2.

Zenit-2 11F61 s/n 14 - . Payload: Zenit-2 11F61 s/n 14. Mass: 4,720 kg (10,400 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Class: Surveillance. Type: Military surveillance satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Vostok. Spacecraft: Zenit-2 satellite. Decay Date: 1963-11-28 . Area survey photo reconnaissance satellite..

1963 December 3 - . 08:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC67/21. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.

Kura state trials missile launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 903 km (561 mi).

1963 December 4 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A. FAILURE: Failure.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1963 December 8 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A. FAILURE: Failure.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1963 December 9 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-14.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1963 December 12 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/3. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Military training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1963 December 13 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC67/21. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67. FAILURE: Failure.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1963 December 20 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/3. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Military training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1963 December 21 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A.

State trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,160 km (720 mi).

1963 December 25 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,160 km (720 mi).

1963 December 30 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-14.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1964? - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-1.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1964? - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-1.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1964 January 4 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,160 km (720 mi).

1964 January 9 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,160 km (720 mi).

1964 January 12 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,160 km (720 mi).

1964 January 16 - . 04:28 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC67/21. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.

Kura state trials missile launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 908 km (564 mi).

1964 January 22 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A. FAILURE: Failure.

Operational test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1964 January 22 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,160 km (720 mi).

1964 January 22 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,160 km (720 mi).

1964 January 25 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC67/21. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67. FAILURE: Failure.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1964 January 25 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,160 km (720 mi).

1964 February 2 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC60/8. Launch Pad: LC60/8?. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Military training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1964 February 2 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,160 km (720 mi).

1964 February 2 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-14.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1964 February 6 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/3. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Operational test launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1964 February 19 - . 05:47 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC1. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Molniya 8K78. FAILURE: Second stage failure.. Failed Stage: 2.

3MV-1A - . Payload: 3MV-1A s/n 2. Mass: 890 kg (1,960 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: Mars. Class: Venus. Type: Venus probe. Spacecraft Bus: 3MV. Spacecraft: Venera 3MV-1A. Decay Date: 1964-02-19 .

3MV-1 No. 2 SA - . Mass: 890 kg (1,960 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: Mars. Spacecraft Bus: 3MV. Spacecraft: Venera 3MV-1.

1964 February 19 - . 15:15 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC67/21. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.

Kura state trials missile launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 906 km (562 mi).

1964 February 26 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U. FAILURE: Failure.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1964 February 27 - . 02:30 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC67/21. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67. FAILURE: Failure.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1964 March 3 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1964 March 4 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/4. Launch Pad: LC41/4?. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Operational test launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1964 March 13 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-14. FAILURE: Failure. Failed Stage: 1.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1964 March 14 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: Temp. Launch Vehicle: Temp-S.

9M67B No. 1 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1964 March 21 - . 08:15 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC1. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Molniya 8K78. FAILURE: Failure. Failed Stage: U.

Luna failure - . Payload: E-6 s/n 4. Mass: 1,422 kg (3,134 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: Luna. Class: Moon. Type: Lunar probe. Spacecraft: Luna E-6. Decay Date: 1964-03-21 . The upper stages burnt on re-entry into the atmosphere..

1964 March 25 - . Launch Site: Teikovo. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1964 March 26 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-14.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1964 Apr? - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: Temp. Launch Vehicle: Temp-S.

9M67B No. 2 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1964 April 11 - . 07:05 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Vehicle: UR-200. FAILURE: Failure.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 70 km (43 mi).

1964 April 15 - . Launch Site: Nizhniy Tagil. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1964 April 20 - . 08:08 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC1. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Molniya 8K78. FAILURE: Power failure caused upper stage shutdown at T+340 seconds.. Failed Stage: U.

Luna failure - . Payload: E-6 s/n 5. Mass: 1,422 kg (3,134 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: Luna. Class: Moon. Type: Lunar probe. Spacecraft: Luna E-6. Decay Date: 1964-04-20 . The upper stages broke up on re-entry into the atmosphere...

1964 April 26 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC67/22. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67. FAILURE: Failure.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1964 May? - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: Temp. Launch Vehicle: Temp-S.

9M67B No. 3 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1964 May 15 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,160 km (720 mi).

1964 May 15 - . 06:56 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Vehicle: UR-200.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 689 km (428 mi).

1964 May 23 - . 04:59 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC67/21. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67. FAILURE: Failure.

Kura state trials missile launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 870 km (540 mi).

1964 May 30 - . Launch Site: Gladkaya. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1964 May 30 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Operational test launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1964 May 30 - . 02:30 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC67/22. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.

Kura state trials missile launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 864 km (536 mi).

1964 May 30 - . 04:02 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Vehicle: UR-200.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 695 km (431 mi).

1964 Jun? - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: Temp. Launch Vehicle: Temp-S.

9M67B No. 4 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1964 June 1 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-14.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1964 June 3 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC31. Launch Pad: LC31?. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: R-7A.

Test? - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,350 km (830 mi).

1964 June 4 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC1. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Molniya 8K78. FAILURE: At T+104 sec the tank draining of core Block A failed due to jamming of the servo-motored throttle and break down of the motor's circuit The launcher was destroyed on impact downrange from the pad.. Failed Stage: 0.

Molniya-1 s/n 2 Failure - . Payload: Molniya-1 s/n 2. Mass: 1,600 kg (3,500 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: Molniya. Class: Communications. Type: Military communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: KAUR-2. Spacecraft: Molniya-1. Unsuccessful first attempt to launch Molniya communications satellite..

1964 June 7 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/4. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Operational test launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1964 June 17 - . 04:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Vehicle: UR-200.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 694 km (431 mi).

1964 June 22 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-14.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1964 June 24 - . 04:42 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC67/22. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.

Kura state trials missile launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 874 km (543 mi).

1964 June 30 - . 22:30 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC67/22. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.

Kura state trials missile launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 872 km (541 mi).

1964 July 1 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/4. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Operational test launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1964 July 18 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: Temp. Launch Vehicle: Temp-S.

9M67B No. 5 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1964 July 21 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/4. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Operational test launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1964 July 27 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC31. Launch Pad: LC31?. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: R-7A.

Test? - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,350 km (830 mi).

1964 July 31 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Operational test launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1964 August 1 - . 05:54 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Vehicle: UR-200.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 686 km (426 mi).

1964 August 5 - . 02:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC67/22. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.

POR state trials missile launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,493 km (927 mi).

1964 August 9 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/4. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Operational test launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1964 August 11 - . 02:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC67/22. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67. FAILURE: Failure.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1964 September 9 - . 02:13 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC67/22. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.

POR state trials missile launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,495 km (928 mi).

1964 September 10 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/3. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Operational test launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1964 September 11 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-14.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1964 September 13 - . 02:57 GMT - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. LV Family: V-2. Launch Vehicle: A-1 (R-1).

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1964 September 24 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,160 km (720 mi).

1964 September 24 - . 05:56 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/20. Launch Vehicle: UR-200.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 686 km (426 mi). Demonstration launch witnessed by Khrushchev..

1964 September 25 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC60/8. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

UBP Kedr operational test launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi). Demonstration launch witnessed by Khrushchev..

1964 September 25 - . 04:03 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC67/22. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi). Demonstration launch witnessed by Khrushchev..

1964 September 26 - . 03:50 GMT - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC84. LV Family: R-5. Launch Vehicle: R-5 VAO. FAILURE: Failure.

VAO Ionosphere mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1964 September 27 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/4. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Climate Test operational test launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1964 September 29 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC60/6. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Operational test launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1964 October 2 - . 03:35 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/20. Launch Vehicle: UR-200.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 681 km (423 mi).

1964 October 10 - . 02:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC67/22. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.

Kura state trials missile launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 865 km (537 mi).

1964 October 11 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/4. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1964 October 11 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/4. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1964 October 20 - . 02:29 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/20. Launch Vehicle: UR-200.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,129 km (701 mi).

1964 October 23 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/15. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 65S3. FAILURE: Launch vehicle failed to orbit - unknown cause.. Failed Stage: U.

Strela-1 - . Mass: 50 kg (110 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-1.

Strela-1 - . Mass: 50 kg (110 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-1.

Strela-1 - . Mass: 50 kg (110 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Strela. Spacecraft: Strela-1.

1964 October 29 - . 01:59 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC67/22. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.

Kura state trials missile launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 868 km (539 mi).

1964 Nov - . Launch Site: Teikovo. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1964 December 1 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC86/1. LV Family: R-12. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 63S1. FAILURE: Payload shroud did not separate.. Failed Stage: U.

DS-2 s/n 2 - . Payload: DS-2. Mass: 315 kg (694 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: DS. Class: Technology. Type: Navigation technology satellite. Spacecraft Bus: DS. Spacecraft: DS-2. A decision was made after two unsuccessful launches of the DS-1 to create a simplified DS-2 spacecraft based on the equipment and structural elements of DS-1 spacecraft. The cylindrical section for mission avionics was completely omitted..

1964 December 15 - . 00:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC67/22. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.

Kura state trials missile launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 870 km (540 mi).

1964 December 18 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-14.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1964 December 18 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/3. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

K OT? operational test launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1964 December 26 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/3. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Operational test launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1965 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1965 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,160 km (720 mi).

1965 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1965 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1965 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,160 km (720 mi).

1965 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1965 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1965 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,160 km (720 mi).

1965 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1965 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1965 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1965 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1965 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1965 - . Launch Site: Nenoksa. LV Family: R-27. Launch Vehicle: Zyb.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1965 January 1 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-14.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1965 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1965 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-15.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1965 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-1.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1965 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,160 km (720 mi).

1965 January 8 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-14.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1965 January 13 - . 05:02 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC80/17. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67. FAILURE: Failure.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1965 January 23 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-14.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1965 January 30 - . 08:04 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC67/22. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.

POR state trials missile launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,493 km (927 mi).

1965 February 12 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC86/1. LV Family: R-12. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 63S1. FAILURE: Second stage failed.. Failed Stage: 2.

DS-P1-Yu s/n 2 - . Payload: DS-P1-Yu. Mass: 330 kg (720 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: DS. Class: Military. Type: Military target satellite. Spacecraft Bus: DS. Spacecraft: DS-P1-Yu. Development of systems for air defence and the control of outer space..

1965 February 20 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC86/1. LV Family: R-12. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 63S1. FAILURE: First stage failed 64 seconds after launch.. Failed Stage: 1.

DS-A1 s/n 6 - . Payload: DS-A1. Mass: 30 kg (66 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: DS. Class: Technology. Type: Navigation technology satellite. Spacecraft Bus: DS. Spacecraft: DS-A1.
Carried military experiments to test communications and navigation equipment needed for command and control of Soviet nuclear forces (later used on the Uragan navigation satellites). Also conducted operational monitoring of cosmic rays, radiation from nuclear tests, and natural and artifically-produced radiation belts.

1965 February 26 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/3. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

PBG - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1965 Mar - . Launch Site: Yurya. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1965 March 4 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,160 km (720 mi).

1965 March 5 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC67/21. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36O 8K69. FAILURE: Second stage propellant leak led to a fire in the silo.. Failed Stage: 2.

First attempted launch of Fractional Orbital Bombardment System booster. - . Mass: 1,700 kg (3,700 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Spacecraft: OGCh. COSPAR: F19650305. A fire broke out during fuelling and the rocket exploded, seriously damaging the launch pad at Area 67..

1965 March 6 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,160 km (720 mi).

1965 March 10 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/4. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Operational test launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1965 March 22 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-14.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1965 March 30 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/4. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1965 April 10 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC1. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Molniya 8K78. FAILURE: Stage 3's engine 8D715K failed due to depressurization of the nitrogen pipeline of the LOX tank pressurization system of Block I.. Failed Stage: U.

Luna failure - stage 3 engine failure. - . Payload: E-6 s/n 8. Mass: 1,422 kg (3,134 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: Luna. Class: Moon. Type: Lunar probe. Spacecraft: Luna E-6. Decay Date: 1965-04-10 . The upper stages fell apart on re-entry into the atmosphere...

1965 April 12 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC60/6. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1965 April 19 - . 02:20 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC130. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1965 April 22 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. LV Family: R-5. Launch Vehicle: R-5A.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1965 April 24 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. LV Family: R-5. Launch Vehicle: R-5A.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1965 April 26 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/4. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Operational test launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1965 April 26 - . 14:13 GMT - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. LV Family: R-5. Launch Vehicle: R-5A.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1965 April 27 - . 05:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC140/18. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.

Kura state trials missile launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 870 km (540 mi).

1965 April 28 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/4. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U. FAILURE: Failure.

Operational test launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1965 May 7 - . 07:28 GMT - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-11.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 200 km (120 mi).

1965 May 8 - . 10:47 GMT - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-11.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 200 km (120 mi).

1965 May 14 - . 19:12 GMT - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-11.

Ionosphere mission? - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 200 km (120 mi).

1965 May 15 - . 08:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-11.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 200 km (120 mi).

1965 May 18 - . 05:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC140/18. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.

Kura state trials missile launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 870 km (540 mi).

1965 May 18 - . 09:07 GMT - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: R-11.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 200 km (120 mi).

1965 May 19 - . 13:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Barents Sea Launch Area. Launch Pad: 69.5 N x 34.2 E. Launch Platform: K-170. Launch Vehicle: R-13.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1965 May 20 - . 03:45 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100. FAILURE: Failure.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1965 May 22 - . 06:29 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/3. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Military training launch to Kamchatka - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 920 km (570 mi).

1965 May 24 - . 10:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Barents Sea Launch Area. Launch Pad: 69.5 N x 34.2 E. Launch Platform: GOLF. Launch Vehicle: R-13.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1965 May 25 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. LV Family: R-5. Launch Vehicle: R-5A.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1965 May 25 - . 13:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Barents Sea Launch Area. Launch Pad: 69.5 N x 34.2 E. Launch Platform: GOLF. Launch Vehicle: R-13.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1965 May 26 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. LV Family: R-5. Launch Vehicle: R-5A.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1965 May 26 - . 13:36 GMT - . Launch Site: Barents Sea Launch Area. Launch Pad: 69.5 N x 34.2 E. Launch Platform: K-170. Launch Vehicle: R-13.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1965 May 28 - . 02:23 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC60/6. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Military training launch to Kamchatka - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 743 km (461 mi).

1965 May 31 - . 13:30 GMT - . Launch Site: Barents Sea Launch Area. Launch Pad: 69.5 N x 34.2 E. Launch Platform: GOLF. Launch Vehicle: R-13.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1965 June 19 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100. FAILURE: Failure.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1965 June 29 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC60/7. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U. FAILURE: Failure.

Military training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1965 Jul - . Launch Site: Omsk. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,160 km (720 mi).

1965 July 9 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU33. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1965 July 10 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100. FAILURE: Failure.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1965 July 13 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC31. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Vostok 8A92. FAILURE: Second stage guidance failure.. Failed Stage: 2.

Zenit-2 11F61 s/n 28 - . Payload: Zenit-2 11F61 s/n 28. Mass: 4,720 kg (10,400 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Class: Surveillance. Type: Military surveillance satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Vostok. Spacecraft: Zenit-2 satellite. Decay Date: 1965-07-13 . Area survey photo reconnaissance satellite..

1965 July 17 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC131. Launch Vehicle: UR-100. FAILURE: Failure.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1965 July 21 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC60/6. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Military training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1965 July 31 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC131. Launch Pad: LC131?. Launch Vehicle: UR-100. FAILURE: Failure.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1965 August 3 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU32. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67. FAILURE: Failure.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1965 August 13 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU33. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1965 August 21 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU32. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67. FAILURE: Failure.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1965 August 31 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC60/8. Launch Pad: LC60/8?. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Operational test launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1965 September 1 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC84. Launch Pad: LC84?. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-15.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1965 September 1 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-1. FAILURE: Failure.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1965 September 17 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC131. Launch Vehicle: UR-100. FAILURE: Failure.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1965 September 18 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/3. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

PBG - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1965 September 25 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100. FAILURE: Failure.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1965 September 25 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/3. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Military training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1965 September 30 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/4. Launch Pad: LC41/4?. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

PBG - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1965 October 1 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU31. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1965 October 1 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-1.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1965 October 9 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU33. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1965 October 15 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU32. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1965 October 29 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU33. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1965 November 1 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-1. FAILURE: Failure.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1965 November 2 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU31. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1965 November 3 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100. FAILURE: Failure.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1965 November 4 - . Launch Site: Teikovo. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1965 November 4 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/3. Launch Pad: LC41/3?. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Operational test launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1965 November 5 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100. FAILURE: Failure.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1965 November 12 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/4. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Military training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1965 November 14 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU32. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1965 November 27 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU33. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1965 November 30 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100. FAILURE: Failure.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1965 December 1 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Verification Operational test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1965 Dec - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1965 December 1 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Verification Operational test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1965 December 7 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU32. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1965 December 14 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC41/1. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: R-7A.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,350 km (830 mi).

1965 December 16 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC67/21. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36O 8K69.

OGCh No. 01L - . Mass: 1,700 kg (3,700 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Spacecraft: OGCh. COSPAR: U651216A. Apogee: 200 km (120 mi). First suborbital test of the FOBS system. Impacted within specification CEP in target zone..

1965 December 19 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100. FAILURE: Failure.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1965 December 20 - . Launch Site: Teikovo. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1965 December 21 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC43/3. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: R-7A.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,350 km (830 mi).

1965 December 23 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/4. Launch Pad: LC41/4?. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Military training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1965 December 25 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU33. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1965 December 25 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU32. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1965 December 25 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/3. Launch Pad: LC41/3?. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Military training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1965 December 26 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/3. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Military training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1965 December 26 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU31. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1965 December 28 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC86/1. LV Family: R-12. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 63S1. FAILURE: First stage failed.. Failed Stage: 1.

DS-K-40 s/n 1 - . Payload: DS-K-40. Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: DS. Class: Technology. Type: Navigation technology satellite. Spacecraft Bus: DS. Spacecraft: DS-K-40. Development of systems for the later operational Tselina satellites..

1965 December 30 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100. FAILURE: Failure.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1965 December 30 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

LKI - . Nation: Kazakhstan. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1966 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1966 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1966 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

SLI missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1966 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

SLI missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1966 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1966 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

SLI missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1966 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

SLI missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1966 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1966 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,160 km (720 mi).

1966 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1966 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

SLI missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1966 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

SLI missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1966 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

SLI missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1966 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

SLI missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1966 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

SLI missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1966 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1966 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

SLI missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1966 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1966 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar PL87. Launch Vehicle: RT-2.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1966 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

SLI missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1966 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1966 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1966 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1966 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1966 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1966 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1966 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1966 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,160 km (720 mi).

1966 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

SLI missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1966 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar PL87. Launch Vehicle: RT-2.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1966 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

SLI missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1966 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1966 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1966 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1966 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1966 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1966 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1966 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

SLI missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1966 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1966 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

SLI missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1966 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

SLI missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1966 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar PL87. Launch Vehicle: RT-2.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1966 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1966 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

SLI missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1966 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1966 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

SLI missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1966 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

SLI missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1966 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1966 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1966 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1966 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1966 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

SLI missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1966 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1966 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1966 January 31 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/4. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Military training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1966 February 5 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC67/21. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36O 8K69.

OGCh No. 02L - . Mass: 1,700 kg (3,700 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Spacecraft: OGCh. COSPAR: U660205A. Apogee: 200 km (120 mi). Second suborbital test of the FOBS system..

1966 February 5 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar PL87. Launch Vehicle: RT-2. FAILURE: Failure.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1966 February 21 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC86/1. LV Family: R-12. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 63S1. FAILURE: First stage failed 83 seconds after launch.. Failed Stage: 1.

DS-K-40 s/n 2 - . Payload: DS-K-40. Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: DS. Class: Technology. Type: Navigation technology satellite. Spacecraft Bus: DS. Spacecraft: DS-K-40. Development of systems for the later operational Tselina satellites..

1966 February 25 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar PL87. Launch Vehicle: RT-2. FAILURE: Failure.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1966 February 26 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar PL87. Launch Vehicle: RT-2.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1966 March 3 - . Launch Site: Omsk. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,160 km (720 mi).

1966 March 17 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC60/7. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Military training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1966 March 17 - . 22:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC67/21. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36O 8K69.

OGCh No. 03L - . Mass: 1,700 kg (3,700 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Spacecraft: OGCh. COSPAR: U660316A. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).
Last of three suborbital flight tests of the FOBS system. The second stage of the booster placed the third stage and dummy warhead on a depressed trajectory with a range of 8500 km but an altitude of only 220 km (versus 800 to 1200 km for an optimum ballistic trajectory). The third stage than executed a 180 degree turn and its engines were fired to further brake the warhead to an impact on the Kamchatka peninsula. The second stage meanwhile continued on to reentry over the Pacific Ocean.

1966 March 24 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/4. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Operational test launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1966 March 24 - . 21:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC81/23. LV Family: Proton. Launch Vehicle: UR-500. FAILURE: Second stage malfunction.. Failed Stage: 2.

N-4 s/n 3 - . Payload: N-4. Mass: 8,300 kg (18,200 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: Proton. Class: Astronomy. Type: X-ray astronomy satellite. Spacecraft: N-4. Decay Date: 1966-03-24 .

1966 March 27 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC31. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Molniya 8K78. FAILURE: The booster failed during ascent. The launcher and payload broke up on impact with the ground.. Failed Stage: 1.

Molniya-1 s/n 5 Failure - . Payload: Molniya-1 s/n 5. Mass: 1,600 kg (3,500 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: Molniya. Class: Communications. Type: Military communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: KAUR-2. Spacecraft: Molniya-1.

1966 March 29 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1966 March 30 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1966 March 30 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU31. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.

SLI K Operational test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1966 April 2 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU31. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.

SLI K Operational test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1966 April 12 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/4. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Military training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1966 April 18 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/4. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Military training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1966 April 21 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100. FAILURE: Failure.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1966 April 26 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/4. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Military training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1966 April 26 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU32. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1966 May 17 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC41/1. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Voskhod 11A57. FAILURE: Failure. Failed Stage: U.

Zenit-4 - . Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Spacecraft Bus: Vostok. Spacecraft: Zenit-4. High resolution photo reconnaissance mission..

1966 May 20 - . 19:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC67/22. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36O 8K69.

OGCh No. 04L - . Mass: 1,700 kg (3,700 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Spacecraft: OGCh. COSPAR: U660519A. Possible suborbital test of FOBS booster or failed FOBS test. Not mentioned as FOBS-related in contemporary CIA assessments..

1966 May 21 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/3. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U. FAILURE: Failure.

PBG - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1966 May 27 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC1. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: R-7A.

Nation: Kazakhstan. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,350 km (830 mi).

1966 May 29 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU31. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.

State trials launch (41) - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1966 June 1 - . Launch Site: Nenoksa. LV Family: R-27. Launch Vehicle: Zyb.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1966 June 4 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/3. Launch Pad: LC41/3?. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Military training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1966 June 8 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/3. Launch Pad: LC41/3?. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Military training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1966 June 10 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU32. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.

SLI K Operational test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1966 June 11 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100. FAILURE: Failure.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1966 June 25 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC1. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: R-7A.

Nation: Kazakhstan. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,350 km (830 mi).

1966 June 25 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC60/7. Launch Pad: LC60/7?. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Palma-1 Operational test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1966 June 26 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC60/7. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Palma-1 Operational test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1966 June 30 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU31. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1966 July 1 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar PL87. Launch Vehicle: RT-2.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1966 July 2 - . Launch Site: Teikovo. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1966 July 2 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC60/8. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Military training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1966 July 17 - . Launch Site: Omsk. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,160 km (720 mi).

1966 July 25 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1966 August 9 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC60/8. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Operational test launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1966 August 15 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100. FAILURE: Failure.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1966 August 25 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/3. Launch Pad: LC41/3?. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Military training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1966 September 16 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC31. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Vostok 8A92. FAILURE: Launch vehicle destroyed. Failure of Block D core stage.. Failed Stage: 1.

Zenit-2 11F61 s/n 40 - . Payload: Zenit-2 11F61 s/n 40. Mass: 4,720 kg (10,400 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Class: Surveillance. Type: Military surveillance satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Vostok. Spacecraft: Zenit-2 satellite. Decay Date: 1966-09-16 . Area survey photo reconnaissance satellite..

1966 September 17 - . 22:35 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC162/36. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36O 8K69.

OGCh - . Mass: 1,700 kg (3,700 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Class: Military. Type: Orbital bombing system. Spacecraft: OGCh. Decay Date: 1966-11-11 . USAF Sat Cat: 2437 . COSPAR: 1966-088A. Apogee: 792 km (492 mi). Perigee: 138 km (85 mi). Inclination: 49.60 deg. Period: 93.90 min.
First attempted orbital Fractional Orbital Bombardment System test. The second stage of the booster placed the third stage and dummy warhead into a 214 km x 523 km parking orbit. altitude. The third stage was evidently wrongly oriented, and instead of braking the warhead into an impact at Kapustin Yar, boosted it into a higher 280 km x 1,010 km orbit. The dummy warhead seperated but was commanded to self destruct, resulting in over 100 catalogued orbiting objects.

1966 September 22 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/4. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U. FAILURE: Failure.

Military training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1966 September 26 - . Launch Site: Teikovo. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1966 September 27 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/4. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Military training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1966 September 27 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU31. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67. FAILURE: Failure.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1966 October 1 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/4. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Military training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1966 October 6 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU32. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1966 October 20 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC60/8. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Palma-2 Operational test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1966 October 20 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU32. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.

Palma-2 operational test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1966 October 22 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC60/6. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Palma-2 Operational test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1966 October 23 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU31. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.

Palma-2 operational test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1966 October 27 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

SLI Last operational test launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1966 October 28 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/4. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1966 November 1 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/4. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

November 1966 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-15.

First RT-15 launch in regiment test series. - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN.

1966 November 2 - . 00:50 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC162/36. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36O 8K69.

OGCh - . Mass: 1,700 kg (3,700 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Class: Military. Type: Orbital bombing system. Spacecraft: OGCh. Decay Date: 1976-04-26 . USAF Sat Cat: 2931 . COSPAR: 1966-101AS. Apogee: 767 km (476 mi). Perigee: 504 km (313 mi). Inclination: 49.10 deg. Period: 97.43 min. Second attempted orbital Fractional Orbital Bombardment System test. failure - self destruct charge was detonated, resulting in 50 catalogued orbiting objects. No impact of the dummy warhead in the Kapustin Yar impact zone..

1966 November 4 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/3. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1966 November 4 - . 08:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC161. Launch Pad: LC161/1. Launch Vehicle: RT-2.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1966 November 16 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/15. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65. FAILURE: Launch vehicle failed to orbit - unknown cause.. Failed Stage: U.

Strela-2 - . Mass: 800 kg (1,760 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: KAUR-1. Spacecraft: Strela-2.

1966 November 17 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/3. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1966 November 21 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU32. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.

8F764 warhead state trials flight - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1966 November 24 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/3. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1966 November 26 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/4. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1966 Dec - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: RT-2.

8K98 DT-2 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1966 Dec - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: RT-2.

8K98 DT-3 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1966 December 3 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1966 December 8 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC60/7. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1966 December 9 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/4. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1966 December 10 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU32. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67. FAILURE: Failure.

8F764 warhead state trials flight - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1966 December 14 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC31. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511. FAILURE: Erroneous firing of launch escape tower ignited launch vehicle on the pad.. Failed Stage: P.

Soyuz 7K-OK s/n 2 - . Payload: Soyuz 7K-OK (A) s/n 1. Mass: 6,560 kg (14,460 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: Soyuz. Class: Manned. Type: Manned spacecraft. Spacecraft Bus: Soyuz. Spacecraft: Soyuz 7K-OK.
Second attempted flight of Soyuz 7K-OK (the spacecraft planned for the linkup with Ksomos 133). An analogue to Mercury Redstone's 'day we launched the tower' but with more disastorous consequences. The core stage ignited, but the strap-ons did not. A booster shutdown was commanded. The service towers were brought back around the booster, and ground crew began work to defuel the launch vehicle. At 27 minutes after the original launch attempt, the Soyuz launch escape system, having received the signal that liftoff had occurred, detected that the booster was not on course (either because a tower arm nudged the booster or because the earth's rotation as detected by the gyros had moved the spacecraft out of limits relative to its original inertial position). The launch escape system ignited, pulling the Soyuz away from the booster, igniting the third stage fuel tanks, leading to an explosion that severely damaged the pad and killed at least one person (the Soviet Rocket Forces major supervising the launch team) and injured many others.

1966 December 23 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/4. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U. FAILURE: Failure.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1966 December 24 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1967 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1967 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Test R-16 Unk67-1 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1967 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Test R-16 Unk67-2 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1967 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1967 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Test R-16 Unk67-5 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1967 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1967 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1967 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1967 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,160 km (720 mi).

1967 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1967 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Test R-16 Unk67-14 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1967 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Test R-16 Unk67-4 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1967 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Test R-16 Unk67-6 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1967 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Test R-16 Unk67-7 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1967 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Test R-16 Unk67-8 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1967 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Test R-16 Unk67-9 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1967 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Test R-16 Unk67-10 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1967 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Test R-16 Unk67-11 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1967 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1967 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Test R-16 Unk67-12 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1967 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Test R-16 Unk67-13 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1967 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Test R-16 Unk67-3 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1967 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1967 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: RT-2.

8K98 DT-16 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1967 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: RT-2.

8K98 DT-15 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1967 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: RT-2.

8K98 DT-14 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1967 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: RT-2.

8K98 DT-13 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1967? - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: RT-2.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1967? - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: RT-2.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1967? - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: RT-2.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1967 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1967? - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: RT-2.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1967? - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: RT-2.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1967? - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: RT-2.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1967? - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: RT-2.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1967 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1967? - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: RT-2.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1967 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1967 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1967 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1967 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1967 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1967 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1967 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1967 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1967 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1967 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-15.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1967 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-15.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1967 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1967 - . Launch Site: Sea Launch Area. Launch Pad: UNKPL. Launch Platform: GOLF2. Launch Vehicle: R-21.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 293 km (182 mi).

1967? - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: RT-2.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1967 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,160 km (720 mi).

1967 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1967 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1967 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1967 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1967 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1967 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: RT-2.

8K98 DT-17 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1967 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Test R-16 Unk67-15 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1967 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1967? - . Launch Site: Gladkaya. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1967 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-15.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1967 January 25 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100. FAILURE: Failure.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1967 January 25 - . 13:55 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC162/36. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36O 8K69.

Cosmos 139 - . Mass: 1,700 kg (3,700 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Class: Military. Type: Orbital bombing system. Spacecraft: OGCh. Decay Date: 1967-01-25 . USAF Sat Cat: 2656 . COSPAR: 1967-005A. Apogee: 210 km (130 mi). Perigee: 144 km (89 mi). Inclination: 49.70 deg. Period: 88.00 min. Third orbital Fractional Orbital Bombardment System test. First apparently successful test. The warhead was braked to an impact in the Kapustin Yar range..

1967 February 22 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Test R-16 PL67-16 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1967 March 4 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/3. Launch Pad: LC41/3?. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1967 March 4 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU32. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1967 March 22 - . Launch Site: Nizhniy Tagil. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1967 March 22 - . 14:05 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC161/35. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36O 8K69. FAILURE: Failure.

OGCh - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN.

1967 March 31 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU32. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1967 March 31 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Test R-16 PL67-17 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1967 April 1 - . Launch Site: Nenoksa. LV Family: R-27. Launch Vehicle: Zyb.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1967 April 8 - . 09:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC81/23. LV Family: Proton. Launch Vehicle: Proton-K/D. FAILURE: Block D ullage rocket failure; no restart.. Failed Stage: U.

Cosmos 154 - . Payload: Soyuz 7K-L1P s/n 3P. Mass: 5,020 kg (11,060 lb). Nation: Russia. Related Persons: Chelomei, Mishin, Tsybin. Agency: RVSN. Program: Lunar L1, Soyuz. Class: Manned. Type: Manned spacecraft. Spacecraft Bus: Soyuz. Spacecraft: Soyuz 7K-L1. Duration: 1.98 days. Decay Date: 1967-04-10 . USAF Sat Cat: 2745 . COSPAR: 1967-032A. Apogee: 203 km (126 mi). Perigee: 187 km (116 mi). Inclination: 51.50 deg. Period: 88.30 min.
Protoype Soyuz 7K-L1 manned circumlunar spacecraft. There are high winds for the L1 launch, 15-17 m/s. The official limit is 20 m/s, but Chelomei wants to scrub the launch if winds go over 15 m/s. Nevertheless the launch proceeds in 17-18 m/s winds and the L1 reached earth orbit. However the Block D translunar injection stage failed to fire (ullage rockets, which had to fire to settle propellants in tanks before main engine fired, were jettisoned prematurely). The failure is blamed on Mishin and has Tsybin seething in anger. Mishin is disorganised and has made many mistakes. Spacecraft burned up two days later when orbit decayed. Later in the day comes the news the RTS has to be replaced on one of the Soyuz 1/2 spacecraft. This will have a 3 to 4 day schedule impact, and push the launch back to 15-20 April. The crews arrive the same day for the upcoming Soyuz launch.

1967 April 22 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Test R-16 PL67-18 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1967 May 16 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk BSP-31. Launch Pad: PL31/ShPU-12. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,160 km (720 mi).

1967 May 17 - . 16:05 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC161/35. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36O 8K69.

Cosmos 160 - . Mass: 1,700 kg (3,700 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Class: Military. Type: Orbital bombing system. Spacecraft: OGCh. Decay Date: 1967-05-18 . USAF Sat Cat: 2806 . COSPAR: 1967-047A. Apogee: 177 km (109 mi). Perigee: 137 km (85 mi). Inclination: 49.70 deg. Period: 87.60 min. Fractional Orbital Bombardment system test..

1967 May 24 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/3. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1967 May 26 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Test R-16 PL67-19 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1967 May 31 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU32. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.

8F765 warhead state trials flight - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1967 Jun - . Launch Site: Drovyanaya. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

ICBM operational test launch from missile base silo - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1967 June 6 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU31. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.

8F765 warhead state trials flight - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1967 June 15 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU32. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.

8F765 warhead state trials flight - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1967 June 20 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC41/1. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Voskhod 11A57. FAILURE: Failure. Failed Stage: U.

Zenit-4 - . Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Spacecraft Bus: Vostok. Spacecraft: Zenit-4. High resolution photo reconnaissance mission..

1967 June 22 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Test R-16 PL67-20 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1967 June 26 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC132/2. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. FAILURE: Launch vehicle failed to orbit - unknown cause.. Failed Stage: U.

Tselina-O GVM - . Payload: Tselina-O Mass Model. Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: Tselina. Class: Surveillance. Type: SIGINT. Spacecraft: Tselina-O.

1967 June 27 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU31. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1967 July 3 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Test R-16 PL67-21 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1967 July 11 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/4. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1967 July 15 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/4. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U. FAILURE: Failure.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1967 July 17 - . 16:45 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC162/36. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36O 8K69.

Cosmos 169 - . Mass: 1,700 kg (3,700 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Class: Military. Type: Orbital bombing system. Spacecraft: OGCh. Decay Date: 1967-07-17 . USAF Sat Cat: 2878 . COSPAR: 1967-069A. Apogee: 200 km (120 mi). Perigee: 135 km (83 mi). Inclination: 49.70 deg. Period: 87.80 min. Fractional Orbital Bombardment system test..

1967 July 20 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU32. Launch Pad: PU32?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.

SBP Special test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1967 July 20 - . Launch Site: Gladkaya. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

ICBM operational test launch from missile base silo - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1967 July 20 - . Launch Site: Nizhniy Tagil. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1967 July 20 - . Launch Site: Tyumen. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,160 km (720 mi).

1967 July 21 - . 06:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC31. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Voskhod 11A57. FAILURE: Failure. Failed Stage: U.

Zenit-4 - . Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Spacecraft Bus: Vostok. Spacecraft: Zenit-4. High resolution photo reconnaissance mission..

1967 July 25 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC43/4. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: R-7A.

Operational test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,350 km (830 mi).

1967 July 27 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Test R-16 PL67-22 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1967 July 31 - . 16:45 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC161/35. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36O 8K69.

Cosmos 170 - . Mass: 1,700 kg (3,700 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Class: Military. Type: Orbital bombing system. Spacecraft: OGCh. Decay Date: 1967-07-31 . USAF Sat Cat: 2902 . COSPAR: 1967-074A. Apogee: 199 km (123 mi). Perigee: 141 km (87 mi). Inclination: 49.60 deg. Period: 87.90 min. Fractional Orbital Bombardment system test..

1967 August 8 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/4. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1967 August 8 - . 16:05 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC162/36. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36O 8K69.

Cosmos 171 - . Mass: 1,700 kg (3,700 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Class: Military. Type: Orbital bombing system. Spacecraft: OGCh. Decay Date: 1967-08-08 . USAF Sat Cat: 2911 . COSPAR: 1967-077A. Apogee: 177 km (109 mi). Perigee: 138 km (85 mi). Inclination: 49.60 deg. Period: 87.60 min. Fractional Orbital Bombardment system test..

1967 August 30 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/4. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U. FAILURE: Failure.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1967 September 1 - . 10:30 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC41/1. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Voskhod 11A57. FAILURE: Failure of Block I stage at 296 seconds. Remnants of spacecraft and stage fell near Novaya Zemlya.. Failed Stage: 2.

Zenit-2 11F61 s/n 51 - . Payload: Zenit-2 11F61 s/n 51. Mass: 4,720 kg (10,400 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Class: Surveillance. Type: Military surveillance satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Vostok. Spacecraft: Zenit-2 satellite. Decay Date: 1967-09-01 . Area survey photo reconnaissance satellite..

1967 September 4 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU31. Launch Pad: PU31?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1967 September 8 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU32. Launch Pad: PU32?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1967 September 19 - . 14:45 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC161/35. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36O 8K69.

Cosmos 178 - . Mass: 1,700 kg (3,700 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Class: Military. Type: Orbital bombing system. Spacecraft: OGCh. Decay Date: 1967-09-19 . USAF Sat Cat: 2951 . COSPAR: 1967-089A. Apogee: 258 km (160 mi). Perigee: 138 km (85 mi). Inclination: 49.70 deg. Period: 88.40 min. Fractional Orbital Bombardment system test..

1967 September 21 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU33. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1967 September 22 - . 14:05 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC162/36. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36O 8K69.

Cosmos 179 - . Mass: 1,700 kg (3,700 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Class: Military. Type: Orbital bombing system. Spacecraft: OGCh. Decay Date: 1967-09-22 . USAF Sat Cat: 2962 . COSPAR: 1967-091A. Apogee: 207 km (128 mi). Perigee: 139 km (86 mi). Inclination: 49.60 deg. Period: 87.90 min. Fractional Orbital Bombardment system test..

1967 September 27 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC132/2. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. FAILURE: Launch vehicle exploded on pad.. Failed Stage: 1.

Tsiklon GVM - . Payload: Tsiklon Mass Model. Mass: 800 kg (1,760 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Class: Navigation. Type: Navigation satellite. Spacecraft Bus: KAUR-1. Spacecraft: Tsiklon satellite. Mass model of military navigation satellite used for booster test..

1967 September 27 - . 22:11 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC81/23. LV Family: Proton. Launch Vehicle: Proton-K/D. FAILURE: First stage -1 RD-253 failed, resulting at T+67 sec in deviation from flight path.. Failed Stage: 1.

Soyuz 7K-L1 s/n 4L - . Payload: Soyuz 7K-L1 s/n 4L. Mass: 5,390 kg (11,880 lb). Nation: Russia. Related Persons: Barmin, Mishin. Agency: RVSN. Program: Lunar L1. Class: Manned. Type: Manned spacecraft. Spacecraft Bus: Soyuz. Spacecraft: Soyuz 7K-L1. Decay Date: 1967-09-28 .
First attempted circumlunar flight. The UR-500K failed, crashing 50 to 60 km from the launch pad. The L1 radio beacon was detected 65 km north of the Baikonur aerodrome by an Il-14 search aircraft. An Mi-6 helicopter recovered the capsule and had it back to the cosmodrome by 13:30. Mishin's record: of seven launches of the Soyuz and L1, only one has been successful. Film of the launch shows that one engine of the first stage failed. Mishin still wants to launch the next L1 by 28 October. The other chief designers oppose the move. Barmin says at least five months are needed to diagnose the cause of the failures and makes fixes to ensure they don't happen again. Nevertheless the leadership sides with Mishin, and Barmin is ordered to prepare the left Proton pad for a launch within 30 to 40 days.

1967 October 1 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU31. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1967 October 2 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/4. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1967 October 3 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC60/7. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1967 October 9 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/4. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1967 October 12 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/15. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65.

VKZ - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 4,400 km (2,700 mi).

1967 October 13 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/4. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1967 October 18 - . 13:30 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC161/35. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36O 8K69.

Cosmos 183 - . Mass: 1,700 kg (3,700 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Class: Military. Type: Orbital bombing system. Spacecraft: OGCh. Decay Date: 1967-10-18 . USAF Sat Cat: 3001 . COSPAR: 1967-099A. Apogee: 306 km (190 mi). Perigee: 140 km (80 mi). Inclination: 49.60 deg. Period: 89.00 min. Fractional Orbital Bombardment system test..

1967 October 20 - . Launch Site: Tyumen. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,160 km (720 mi).

1967 October 20 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC157. Launch Vehicle: RT-20P. FAILURE: Failure.

Mobile launcher test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1967 October 26 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/4. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1967 October 27 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Test R-16 PL67-23 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1967 October 28 - . 13:15 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC162/36. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36O 8K69.

Cosmos 187 - . Mass: 1,700 kg (3,700 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Class: Military. Type: Orbital bombing system. Spacecraft: OGCh. Decay Date: 1967-10-28 . USAF Sat Cat: 3016 . COSPAR: 1967-106A. Apogee: 301 km (187 mi). Perigee: 143 km (88 mi). Inclination: 49.60 deg. Period: 88.90 min. Fractional Orbital Bombardment System test..

1967 November 1 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: RT-20P.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1967 November 22 - . 19:07 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC81/24. LV Family: Proton. Launch Vehicle: Proton-K/D. FAILURE: Second stage - 1 x RD-0210 failure, shutoff of stage 4 seconds after ignition. Launcher crashed downrange.. Failed Stage: 2.

Soyuz 7K-L1 s/n 5S - . Payload: Soyuz 7K-L1 s/n 5L. Mass: 5,390 kg (11,880 lb). Nation: Russia. Related Persons: Chelomei, Glushko, Leonov, Mishin. Agency: RVSN. Program: Lunar L1. Class: Manned. Type: Manned spacecraft. Spacecraft Bus: Soyuz. Spacecraft: Soyuz 7K-L1. Decay Date: 1967-11-21 .
The launch takes place at 00:07 local time (22:07 on 22 November Moscow time). Glushko, Chelomei, and Kamanin observe the launch from an observation point in -5 deg C weather. Three to four seconds after second stage ignition, the SAS pulls the spacecraft away from the booster. Telemetry shows that engine number 4 of stage 2 never ignited, and after 3.9 seconds the remaining three engines were shut dwon by the SBN (Booster Safety System) and the SAS abort tower fired. The capsule's radio beacon was detected and the spacecraft was found 80 km southwest of Dzhezkazgan, 285 km down range. The Proton problems are maddening. Over 100 rocket launches have used engines from this factory, with no previous failure. Of ten of the last launches under Mishin's direction (6 Soyuz and 4 L1) only two have went well - an 80% failure rate! Mishin is totally without luck. Kamanin and Leonov take an An-12 to see the L1 at its landing point. Leonov wants to see proof that the cosmonauts would be saved in any conditions. The capsule landed in -17 deg C and 12 m/s winds. The parachute pulled the capsule along the ground for 550 m, and the soft landing rockets fired somewhere above the 1.2 m design height. After safing of the APO self-destruct package, the capsule is lifted to an airfield by a Mi-4. The L1-5S designation seems to indicate this was a test of the podsadka L1. (Mishin Diaries 2-90)

1967 December 3 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Test R-16 PL67-24 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1967 December 9 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/4. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1967 December 12 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/4. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U. FAILURE: Failure.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1967 December 22 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/3. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1967 December 27 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/4. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U. FAILURE: Failure.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1968 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

UBP R-16 PL68-07 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1968 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A.

UBP - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,160 km (720 mi).

1968 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A.

UBP - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,160 km (720 mi).

1968 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A.

UBP - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,160 km (720 mi).

1968 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

UBP R-16 PL68-02 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1968 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

UBP R-16 PL68-13 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1968 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

UBP R-16 PL68-12 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1968 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

UBP R-16 PL68-03 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1968 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

UBP R-16 PL68-05 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1968 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

UBP R-16 PL68-06 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1968 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

UBP R-16 PL68-10 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1968 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

UBP R-16 PL68-08 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1968 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

UBP R-16 PL68-09 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1968 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

UBP R-16 PL68-11 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1968 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1968 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,160 km (720 mi).

1968 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1968 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

UBP R-16 PL68-04 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1968? - . Launch Site: Gladkaya. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1968? - . Launch Site: Gladkaya. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1968? - . Launch Site: Gladkaya. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1968 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1968 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1968 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1968 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1968 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1968 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

UBP R-16 PL68-01 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1968 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

UBP R-16 PL68-14 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1968 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

UBP R-16 PL68-18 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1968 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

UBP R-16 PL68-17 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1968 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1968 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1968 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1968 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

UBP R-16 PL68-16 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1968 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1968 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1968 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1968 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1968 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

UBP R-16 PL68-15 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1968 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1968 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1968 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1968 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1968 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1968 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1968 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1968 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1968 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1968 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1968 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1968 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1968 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1968 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1968 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1968 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1968 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1968 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1968 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1968 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1968 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1968 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1968 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1968? - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: RT-20P.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1968 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1968 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1968 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-15.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1968? - . Launch Site: Gladkaya. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

ICBM operational test launch from missile base silo - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi). 1967-69.

1968? - . Launch Site: Teikovo. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1968? - . Launch Site: Teikovo. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1968? - . Launch Site: Teikovo. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1968 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1968 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1968 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-15.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1968 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-15.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1968 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-15.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1968 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-15.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1968 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1968 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-15.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1968 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-15.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1968 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: RT-20P. FAILURE: Failure.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1968 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: RT-20P. FAILURE: Failure.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1968 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: RT-20P. FAILURE: Failure.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1968? - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: RT-2.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1968? - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: RT-2.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1968? - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: RT-2.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1968? - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: RT-2.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1968? - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: RT-20P.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1968? - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: RT-20P.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1968 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: RT-2.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1968 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-15.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1968 January 19 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

UBP R-16 PL68-19 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1968 February 7 - . 10:43 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC1. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Molniya 8K78M. FAILURE: At T+524.6 sec Stage 3's engine 11D55 cut off prematurely because it ran out of fuel due to an excessive fuel consumption rate through the gas-generator.. Failed Stage: U.

E-6LS s/n 112 - . Payload: E-6LS s/n 112. Mass: 1,700 kg (3,700 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: Lunar L1. Class: Moon. Type: Lunar probe. Flight: Soyuz 7K-L1 mission 1. Spacecraft Bus: Luna E-6. Spacecraft: Luna E-6LS. Decay Date: 1968-02-07 .
Failed launch of an E-6LS radio-equipped version of the E-6 used to test tracking and communications networks for the Soviet manned lunar program. Suggestions for the abnormal consumption included the seizing up of a pintle valve for controlling fuel supply into the regulator or the seizing up of the fuel inlet control. The upper stages broke up in the atmosphere.

1968 February 12 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: RT-20P. FAILURE: Failure.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1968 February 29 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU31. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1968 Mar - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1968 March 6 - . 11:02 GMT - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC86/4. LV Family: R-12. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K63. FAILURE: Second stage failed 216 seconds after launch.. Failed Stage: 2.

DS-U1-Ya s/n 1 - . Payload: DS-U1-Ya. Mass: 375 kg (826 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: DS. Class: Earth. Type: Magnetosphere satellite. Spacecraft Bus: DS. Spacecraft: DS-U1-Ya. Studied charged particle flows and cosmic rays..

1968 March 28 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/15. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65.

VKZ - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 4,000 km (2,400 mi).

1968 April 16 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

UBP R-16 PL68-20 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1968 April 18 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU33. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.

8F765 warhead state trials flight - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1968 April 22 - . 23:01 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC81/24. LV Family: Proton. Launch Vehicle: Proton-K/D. FAILURE: Second stage shut-off prematurely due to short-circuit in Zond control system.. Failed Stage: 2.

Soyuz 7K-L1 s/n 7L - . Payload: Soyuz 7K-L1 s/n 7L. Mass: 5,390 kg (11,880 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: Lunar L1. Class: Manned. Type: Manned spacecraft. Spacecraft Bus: Soyuz. Spacecraft: Soyuz 7K-L1. Decay Date: 1968-04-22 .
L1 launch attempt, lift-off at 02:00 local time. The spacecraft was to separate at 589 seconds into the flight. Instead at 260 seconds, a short circuit in the malfunction detection system incorrectly indicated a launch vehicle failure. This in turn triggered the SAS abort system. The SAS shut down the good stage and separated the spacecraft from the booster. The capsule landed safely 520 km downrange from the launch site. This was the third such abort, which if nothing else proved the reliability of the SAS - all of the spacecraft landed safely.

1968 April 25 - . 00:43 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC162/36. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36O 8K69.

Cosmos 218 - . Mass: 1,700 kg (3,700 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Class: Military. Type: Orbital bombing system. Spacecraft: OGCh. Decay Date: 1968-04-25 . USAF Sat Cat: 3217 . COSPAR: 1968-037A. Apogee: 162 km (100 mi). Perigee: 123 km (76 mi). Inclination: 49.60 deg. Period: 87.30 min. Fractional Orbital Bombardment System test..

1968 April 28 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU33. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1968 May 12 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU33. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1968 May 21 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC162/36. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36O 8K69.

OGCh - . Mass: 1,700 kg (3,700 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Class: Military. Type: Orbital bombing system. Spacecraft: OGCh. COSPAR: 1968-U01xx. Probable suborbital test of Fractional Orbital Bombardment System..

1968 May 23 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU33. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1968 May 25 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

UBP R-16 PL68-21 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1968 May 28 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC161/35. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36O 8K69.

OGCh - . Mass: 1,700 kg (3,700 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Class: Military. Type: Orbital bombing system. Spacecraft: OGCh. COSPAR: 1968-U02xx. Probable suborbital test of Fractional Orbital Bombardment System..

1968 June 4 - . 06:43 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC132/2. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. FAILURE: Launch vehicle failed to orbit - unknown cause.. Failed Stage: U.

Sfera s/n 12L - . Mass: 800 kg (1,760 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Spacecraft Bus: KAUR-1. Spacecraft: Sfera.

1968 June 6 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU31. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.

Special test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1968 June 7 - . Launch Site: Tyumen. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,160 km (720 mi).

1968 June 15 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC41/15. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65. FAILURE: Launch vehicle failed to orbit - unknown cause.. Failed Stage: U.

Strela-2 - . Mass: 800 kg (1,760 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: KAUR-1. Spacecraft: Strela-2.

1968 June 30 - . Launch Site: Nizhniy Tagil. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1968 July 3 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU33. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1968 July 10 - . Launch Site: Bershet. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1968 July 15 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC81/23. Launch Pad: LC81/pad?. LV Family: Proton. Launch Vehicle: Proton-K/D.

L1 pad explosion. - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: Lunar L1. Spacecraft Bus: Soyuz. Spacecraft: Soyuz 7K-L1.
During launch preparations with the fuelled Proton / L1, there was an explosion, killing three technicians. Their death alone indicates the area around the pad was unsafe at the time. The Block D oxidiser tank of the L1 exploded - the first such failure in 30 uses. The rocket and spacecraft were relatively undamaged. The third stage of the Proton had some external damage due to exposure to the Block D's fuel, but it can be cleaned. The real question is how to remove the L1 spacecraft on the pad. A helicopter could hoist the spacecraft away, but the available Mi-6 or V-10 helos can lift only 8 to 10 tonnes, and the L1 weighs 14 tonnes. A V-10 crew is sent to investigate the possibilities anyway. Some engineers suggest just firing the BPO abort tower and lifting the capsule away from the stack! Emergency political and military meetings are held at the cosmodrome to discuss the impending invasion of Czechoslovakia.

1968 July 16 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU31. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67M.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1968 July 16 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U. FAILURE: Failure.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1968 August 13 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

UBP R-16 PL68-22 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1968 August 14 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU31. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67M.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1968 August 23 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU33. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67P.

RGCh state trials flight - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1968 August 28 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: RT-2.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1968 August 28 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: RT-2.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1968 August 28 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: RT-2.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1968 September 11 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU33. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67P.

RGCh state trials flight - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1968 October 2 - . 13:35 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC161/35. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36O 8K69.

Cosmos 244 - . Mass: 1,700 kg (3,700 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Class: Military. Type: Orbital bombing system. Spacecraft: OGCh. Decay Date: 1968-10-02 . USAF Sat Cat: 3449 . COSPAR: 1968-082A. Apogee: 158 km (98 mi). Perigee: 140 km (80 mi). Inclination: 49.60 deg. Period: 87.40 min. Fractional Orbital Bombardment System test..

1968 October 3 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: RT-2.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1968 October 4 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU33. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67P.

RGCh state trials flight - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1968 October 28 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC142/34. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67. FAILURE: Failure.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1968 December 4 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC142/34. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67M.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1968 December 18 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU33. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67P.

RGCh state trials flight - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1968 December 20 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

UBP R-16 PL68-23 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1969 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Operational test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1969 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Operational test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1969 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: RT-2.

RT2 PL69-01 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1969 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1969 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: RT-2.

RT2 PL69-02 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1969 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1969 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Operational test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1969 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1969 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1969 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1969 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1969 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1969 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1969 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1969? - . Launch Site: Gladkaya. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1969 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

UBP R-16 PL69-01 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1969 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

UBP R-16 PL69-02 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1969 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

UBP R-16 PL69-03 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1969 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,160 km (720 mi).

1969? - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: RT-20P.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1969 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1969 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1969? - . Launch Site: Teikovo. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1969 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1969 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1969 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1969 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Operational test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1969 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1969 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1969 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: RT-20P. FAILURE: Failure.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1969 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1969? - . Launch Site: Teikovo. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1969? - . Launch Site: Teikovo. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1969? - . Launch Site: Teikovo. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1969 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A.

UBP - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,160 km (720 mi).

1969 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-15.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1969 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1969 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1969 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1969 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1969 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-15.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1969 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

State trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1969 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1969 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1969 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-15.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1969 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

State trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1969 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

State trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1969 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

State trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1969 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

State trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1969 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1969 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1969 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Operational test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1969 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Operational test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1969 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A.

UBP - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,160 km (720 mi).

1969 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A.

UBP - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,160 km (720 mi).

1969 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1969 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Operational test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1969 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

State trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1969 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1969 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A.

UBP - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,160 km (720 mi).

1969 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A.

UBP - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,160 km (720 mi).

1969 January 18 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

UBP R-16 PL69-04 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1969 January 20 - . 04:14 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC81/23. LV Family: Proton. Launch Vehicle: Proton-K/D. FAILURE: Second stage - One RD-0210 engine fails at T+510 sec, resulting in flight path deviation, automatic shutoff of launch vehicle.. Failed Stage: 2.

Soyuz 7K-L1 s/n 13L - . Payload: Soyuz 7K-L1 s/n 13L. Mass: 5,390 kg (11,880 lb). Nation: Russia. Related Persons: Mishin, Smirnov, Ustinov. Agency: RVSN. Program: Lunar L1. Class: Manned. Type: Manned spacecraft. Spacecraft Bus: Soyuz. Spacecraft: Soyuz 7K-L1. Decay Date: 1969-01-19 .
Launch failure - but the abort system again functioned perfectly, taking the capsule to a safe landing (in Mongolia!). At 501 seconds into the flight one of the four engines of the second stage shut down, and remained shut down for 25 seconds. The ever-reliable SAS abort system detected the failure, and separated the capsule from the failed booster. Yet again a successful capsule recovery after a booster failure. Additional Details: here....

1969 January 25 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2A. FAILURE: Payload propulsion system failed; no orbit.. Failed Stage: P.

US-A Mass Model - . Mass: 3,800 kg (8,300 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: RORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval Radarsat. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-A. Decay Date: 1969-01-24 . COSPAR: F690125A. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi). RORSAT hardware, representative of production hardware, but using chemical batteries in place of BES-5 nuclear reactor..

1969 February 1 - . 12:11 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC41/1. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Vostok 8A92M. FAILURE: Upper stage failure.. Failed Stage: 2.

Meteor - . Payload: Meteor no. 11. Mass: 4,730 kg (10,420 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Spacecraft: Meteor.

1969 February 19 - . 06:48 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC81/24. LV Family: Proton. Launch Vehicle: Proton-K/D. FAILURE: First-stage engine failure caused the rocket to crash 15 km from the pad.. Failed Stage: 1.

Ye-8 s/n 201 + Lunokhod s/n 201 - first stage malfunction - . Payload: Ye-8 s/n 201 / 8EL No. 201. Mass: 5,600 kg (12,300 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: Luna. Class: Moon. Type: Lunar probe. Spacecraft: Luna Ye-8. Decay Date: 1969-02-19 .
Attempted launch of a Ye-8 with a Lunokhod lunar rover. Evidently coordinate in some way with the N1 launch two days later. A first-stage booster engine failure causes the rocket to crash 15 km from the pad after a lift-off at 09:48 local time. Kamanin meanwhile has the Hong Kong flu.

1969 February 21 - . 09:18 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC110R. LV Family: N1. Launch Vehicle: N-1 11A52. FAILURE: First stage failure.. Failed Stage: 1.

N1 3L launch - . Payload: Soyuz 7K-L1S s/n 3. Mass: 6,900 kg (15,200 lb). Nation: Russia. Related Persons: Afanasyev, Sergei, Dorofeyev, Kirillov, Mishin. Agency: RVSN. Program: Lunar L3. Class: Manned. Type: Manned spacecraft. Spacecraft Bus: Soyuz. Spacecraft: Soyuz 7K-L1A. Decay Date: 1969-02-21 . Apogee: 30 km (18 mi).
N-1 serial number 3L was the first N-1 launched. The vehicle ran into trouble immediately at lift-off. A fire developed in the tail compartment. The engine monitoring system detected the fire, but then gave an incorrect signal, shutting down all engines at 68.7 seconds into the flight. British intelligence detected the launch attempt, but the CIA's technical means for some reason missed it and they denied for years that it had ever occurred. In retrospect the launch team at Baikonur pointed to a grave mistake - at the christening of the first N1, the champagne bottle broke against the crawler-transporter rather than the hull of the rocket. After the 3L failure everyone knew there was no chance at all of beating the Americans to the moon. Additional Details: here....

1969 March 27 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

UBP R-16 PL69-05 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1969 March 27 - . 10:40 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC81/23. LV Family: Proton. Launch Vehicle: Proton-K/D. FAILURE: T+51s payload shroud failed. Second stage continued but third stage failed to ignite.. Failed Stage: S.

M-69 s/n 521 - . Payload: M-69 s/n 521. Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: Mars. Class: Mars. Type: Mars probe. Spacecraft Bus: 4MV. Spacecraft: Mars M-69. Decay Date: 1969-03-27 . Mars probe intended to enter Martian orbit and comprehensively photograph Mars, together with a landing probe..

1969 March 29 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC142/34. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1969 April 2 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC162/36. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.

OT? - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1969 April 2 - . 10:33 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC81/24. LV Family: Proton. Launch Vehicle: Proton-K/D. FAILURE: First stage - 1 x RD-253 fire beginning at T+ 0.02 sec, rocket crashed near pad.. Failed Stage: 1.

M-69 s/n 522 - . Payload: M-69 s/n 522. Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: Mars. Class: Mars. Type: Mars probe. Spacecraft Bus: 4MV. Spacecraft: Mars M-69. Decay Date: 1969-04-02 .
Mars probe intended to enter Martian orbit and comprehensively photograph Mars, together with a landing probe. Further Mars launches during the 1969 launch window were cancelled when this attempt resulted in a major accident, which almost wiped out all of the leaders of the space industry. The Proton rocket lifted off, but one engine failed. The vehicle flew at an altitude of 50 m horizontally, finally exploding only a short distance from the launch pad, spraying the whole complex with poisonous propellants that were quickly spread by the wind. Everyone took off in their autos to escape, but which direction to go? Finally it was decided that the launch point was the safest, but this proved to be even more dangerous - the second stage was still intact and liable to explode. The contamination was so bad that there was no way to clean up - the only possibility was just to wait for rain to wash it away. This didn't happen until the Mars launch window was closed, so the first such probe was not put into space until 1971. This accident also severely damaged plans to divert attention from America's Apollo programme during the rest of 1969. 10-12 UR-500K launches had been intended to land on the moon lunar soil return and rover robots to supplement the N1 launches.

1969 April 18 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC161/35. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1969 April 25 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC162/36. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1969 April 29 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: RT-2.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1969 May 22 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC162/36. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1969 June 12 - . Launch Site: Nizhniy Tagil. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1969 June 14 - . 04:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC81/24. LV Family: Proton. Launch Vehicle: Proton-K/D. FAILURE: Block D upper stage did not fire and payload did not attain earth orbit,. Failed Stage: U.

Ye-8-5 s/n 402 - . Payload: Ye-8-5 s/n 402. Mass: 5,600 kg (12,300 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: Lunar L1, Luna. Class: Moon. Type: Lunar probe. Spacecraft Bus: Luna Ye-8. Spacecraft: Luna Ye-8-5. Decay Date: 1969-06-04 .
Another attempt to launch a Ye-8-5 to return lunar soil to the earth, 'scooping', the Americans' impending Apollo 11 mission. Yet another UR-500K launch failure. This time the UR-500K booster functioned perfectly, but the Block D upper stage did not fire, and the payload did not even attain earth orbit. Every UR-500K launch is costing the Soviet state 100 million roubles. This failure pretty much ended the chances for the Russians to trump the American moon landing. Tass yesterday began running stories to prepare the masses for the upcoming Apollo 11 triumph. The party line is that the Soviet Union is not about to risks the lives of its cosmonauts on flights to the moon, when automated probes can safely retrieve soil from the moon for study on earth. Additional Details: here....

1969 June 27 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC161/35. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1969 July 3 - . 20:18 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC110R. LV Family: N1. Launch Vehicle: N-1 11A52. FAILURE: First stage failure.. Failed Stage: 1.

N1 5L launch - . Payload: Soyuz 7K-L1S s/n 5 / Dummy LK. Mass: 6,900 kg (15,200 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: Lunar L3. Class: Manned. Type: Manned spacecraft. Flight: Apollo 11. Spacecraft Bus: Soyuz. Spacecraft: Soyuz 7K-L1A. Decay Date: 1969-07-03 .
N-1 serial number 5L began to fail at 0.25 second after liftoff when the oxidizer pump of engine number 8 ingested a slag fragment and exploded. A fire ensued as the vehicle climbed past the top of the tower. Engines were shutdown until the acceleration dropped below 1 G; then the vehicle began to fall back to the pad at a 45 degree angle. The escape tower fired at the top of the brief trajectory, taking the L1S dummy descent module away from the pad. Upon impact of the base of the N1 with the pad, the vehicle exploded, destroying launch pad 110 east, which would take over 18 months to repair. This was the end of a slight Soviet hope of upstaging the US Apollo 11. Additional Details: here....

1969 July 11 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC162/36. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67M.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1969 July 15 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: R-12. Launch Vehicle: K63D.

BOR-1 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1969 July 15 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC86/1. Launch Pad: LC86/1?. Launch Vehicle: R-12.

BOR-1 re-entry vehicle test flight - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 70 km (43 mi).

1969 July 18 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC131. Launch Pad: LC131/1. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: R-14U.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN.

1969 July 23 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

Phase 1 state trials flight - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1969 July 23 - . 09:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC133/1. LV Family: R-12. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K63. FAILURE: Second stage failed 267 seconds after launch.. Failed Stage: 2.

DS-P1-Yu s/n 23 - . Payload: DS-P1-Yu. Mass: 330 kg (720 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: DS. Class: Military. Type: Military target satellite. Spacecraft Bus: DS. Spacecraft: DS-P1-Yu. Development of systems for air defence and the control of outer space..

1969 July 24 - . Launch Site: Kostroma. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1969 July 25 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: RT-2.

RT2 PL69-04 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1969 July 27 - . Launch Site: Kostroma. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1969 August 4 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC162/36. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67M.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1969 August 7 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: RT-20P. FAILURE: Failure.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1969 August 15 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: RT-2.

RT2 PL69-05 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1969 August 31 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

UBP R-16 PL69-06 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1969 September 2 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

UBP R-16 PL69-07 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1969 September 9 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC162/36. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67P.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1969 September 15 - . 16:05 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC191/66. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36O 8K69.

Cosmos 298 - . Mass: 1,700 kg (3,700 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Class: Military. Type: Orbital bombing system. Spacecraft: OGCh. Decay Date: 1969-09-15 . USAF Sat Cat: 4092 . COSPAR: 1969-077A. Apogee: 162 km (100 mi). Perigee: 127 km (78 mi). Inclination: 49.60 deg. Period: 87.30 min. Fractional Orbital Bombardment System test..

1969 September 18 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: RT-2.

RT2 PL69-06 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1969 September 25 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC162/36. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67P.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1969 October 23 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC161/35. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67P.

RVSN Command operational test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1969 October 24 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC142/34. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67P.

RVSN Command operational test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1969 October 25 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC162/36. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67P.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1969 October 28 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

UBP R-16 PL69-08 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1969 November 1 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/20. Launch Pad: LC90/20?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 200 km (120 mi).

1969 November 4 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC142/34. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67P.

OS-67 No. 1L test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1969 November 10 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: RT-2.

RT2 PL69-07 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1969 November 24 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

UBP R-16 PL69-09 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1969 November 28 - . 09:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC81/23. LV Family: Proton. Launch Vehicle: Proton-K/D. FAILURE: First stage malfunction.. Failed Stage: 1.

Soyuz 7K-L1E s/n 1 - first stage malfunction - . Payload: Soyuz 7K-L1E s/n 1. Mass: 10,380 kg (22,880 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: Luna. Class: Moon. Type: Manned lunar spacecraft. Spacecraft Bus: Block D. Spacecraft: Soyuz 7K-L1E. Decay Date: 1969-11-16 .
Attempted test flight of Block D upper stage in N1 lunar crasher configuration. Payload was a modified Soyuz 7K-L1 circumlunar spacecraft, which provided guidance to the Block D and was equipped with television cameras that viewed the behavior of the Block D stage propellants under zero-G conditions. Mission flown successfully over a year later as Cosmos 382.

1969 December 2 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC162/36. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67P.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1969 December 6 - . 06:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: R-12. Launch Vehicle: K63D.

BOR-2 No. 101 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1969 December 12 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC142/34. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1969 December 15 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A. FAILURE: Failure.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1969 December 19 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC161/35. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1969 December 27 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC132/1. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. FAILURE: Launch vehicle failed to orbit - unknown cause.. Failed Stage: U.

Ionosfernaya? - . Mass: 800 kg (1,760 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Class: Earth. Type: Ionosphere satellite. Spacecraft Bus: KAUR-1. Spacecraft: Ionosfernaya.

1970 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100M.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: RT-2.

RT2 PL70-02 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL70-12 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL70-05 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL70-04 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100M.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1970 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

UBP R-16 PL70-09 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1970 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1970 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100M.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-15.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100M.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 Jan - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Vehicle: Tochka.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 20 km (12 mi).

1970 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL70-03 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1970 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A.

UBP - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,160 km (720 mi).

1970 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A.

UBP - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,160 km (720 mi).

1970 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1970 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1970 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A.

UBP - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,160 km (720 mi).

1970 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1970 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1970 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1970 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100M.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100M.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100M.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1970 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1970 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A.

UBP - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,160 km (720 mi).

1970 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

UBP R-16 PL70-02 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1970 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

UBP R-16 PL70-03 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1970 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

UBP R-16 PL70-04 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1970 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

UBP R-16 PL70-05 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1970 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

UBP R-16 PL70-01 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1970 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100M.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

UBP R-16 PL70-06 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1970 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

UBP R-16 PL70-08 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1970 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

UBP R-16 PL70-07 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1970 January 16 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC161. Launch Pad: LC161/ShPU-2. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 January 17 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC161/35. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67M.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 January 21 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC142/34. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67M.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 January 30 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC161/35. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67M.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 January 30 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC142/34. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67M.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 January 30 - . 15:40 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC133/1. LV Family: R-12. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K63. FAILURE: Second stage failed 128 seconds after launch.. Failed Stage: 2.

DS-P1-I s/n 6 - . Payload: DS-P1-I. Mass: 340 kg (740 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: DS. Class: Military. Type: Military target satellite. Spacecraft Bus: DS. Spacecraft: DS-P1-I. Operational radar target for the ABM forces..

1970 February 6 - . 04:16 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC81/23. Launch Pad: LC81/23?. LV Family: Proton. Launch Vehicle: Proton-K/D. FAILURE: Failure of vehicle on launch.. Failed Stage: 1.

Ye-8-5 s/n 405 - failure of vehicle on launch - . Payload: Ye-8-5 s/n 405. Mass: 5,600 kg (12,300 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: Luna. Class: Moon. Type: Lunar probe. Spacecraft Bus: Luna Ye-8. Spacecraft: Luna Ye-8-5. Decay Date: 1970-02-06 . Robotic lunar soil return mission..

1970 February 9 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC161/35. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67M.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 February 18 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC142/34. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67P.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 February 19 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC162/36. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67M.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 February 20 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC161/35. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 March 1 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-15.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 March 3 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL70-06 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 March 9 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC162/36. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67P.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 March 27 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

UBP R-16 PL70-10 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1970 March 29 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC161/35. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67P.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 March 30 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC162/36. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67P.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 April 11 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC142/34. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67P.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 April 13 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC162/36. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67P.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 April 15 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC161/35. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67P.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 April 20 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC162/36. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 April 27 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC142/34. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67P.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 May 22 - . 12:39 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC133/1. LV Family: R-12. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K63. FAILURE: First stage failed 112 seconds after launch.. Failed Stage: 1.

DS-P1-Yu s/n 36 - . Payload: DS-P1-Yu. Mass: 330 kg (720 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: DS. Class: Military. Type: Military target satellite. Spacecraft Bus: DS. Spacecraft: DS-P1-Yu. Development of systems for air defence and the control of outer space..

1970 June 21 - . Launch Site: Teikovo. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 June 25 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

UBP R-16 PL70-11 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1970 June 27 - . 07:40 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC132/1. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. FAILURE: Launch vehicle failed to orbit - unknown cause.. Failed Stage: U.

Strela-2 - . Mass: 900 kg (1,980 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: KAUR-1. Spacecraft: Strela-2M.

1970 June 29 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL70-07 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 June 29 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC162/36. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 July 21 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC43/4. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Voskhod 11A57. FAILURE: Failure. Failed Stage: U.

Zenit-4 - . Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Spacecraft Bus: Vostok. Spacecraft: Zenit-4. High resolution photo reconnaissance mission..

1970 July 25 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC162/36. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 July 27 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100M.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 July 28 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100M.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 July 28 - . 22:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC191/66. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36O 8K69.

Cosmos 354 - . Mass: 1,700 kg (3,700 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Class: Military. Type: Orbital bombing system. Spacecraft: OGCh. Decay Date: 1970-07-28 . USAF Sat Cat: 4481 . COSPAR: 1970-056A. Apogee: 165 km (102 mi). Perigee: 137 km (85 mi). Inclination: 49.60 deg. Period: 87.50 min. Fractional Orbital Bombardment System test..

1970 July 31 - . 02:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: R-12. Launch Vehicle: K63D.

BOR-2 No. 102 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1970 August 1 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100M.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 August 1 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100M.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 August 7 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC162/36. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 August 18 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL70-08 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 August 18 - . 03:45 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC81/23. LV Family: Proton. Launch Vehicle: Proton-K.

82-EV test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 200 km (120 mi). Heavily instrumented suborbital flight to provide data to root out causes of continuing launch vehicle failures. Heavy mass model of an unspecified spacecraft used to simulate payload...

1970 September 4 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL70-09 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 September 12 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC142/34. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.

OS state trials flight - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 September 25 - . 14:05 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC191/66. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36O 8K69M.

Cosmos 365 - . Mass: 1,700 kg (3,700 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Class: Military. Type: Orbital bombing system. Spacecraft: OGCh. Decay Date: 1970-09-25 . USAF Sat Cat: 4556 . COSPAR: 1970-076A. Apogee: 173 km (107 mi). Perigee: 145 km (90 mi). Inclination: 49.50 deg. Period: 87.70 min. Fractional Orbital Bombardment System test..

1970 October 8 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC142/34. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.

Palma-4 Operational test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 October 12 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC161/35. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67. FAILURE: Failure.

Palma-4 Operational test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1970 October 23 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC162/36. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67P.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 October 29 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC142/34. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 November 1 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 November 1 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 November 5 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC162/36. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 November 11 - . Launch Site: Kostroma. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 November 11 - . Launch Site: Teikovo. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 November 11 - . Launch Site: Teikovo. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 November 11 - . Launch Site: Bershet. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 November 12 - . Launch Site: Gladkaya. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

ICBM operational test launch from missile base silo - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 December 11 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC161/35. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.

RVSN Command operational test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 December 12 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC142/34. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.

RVSN Command operational test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1970 December 22 - . 21:30 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC132/2. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. FAILURE: First stage failed 1 second after launch.. Failed Stage: 2.

DS-P1-M s/n 1 - . Payload: DS-P1-M s/n 1. Mass: 600 kg (1,320 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Class: Military. Type: Anti-satellite system target. Spacecraft Bus: DS. Spacecraft: DS-P1-M. Target for IS ASAT systems tests. First test of Yangel-desinged target failed to reach orbit..

1970 December 28 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K. FAILURE: Failure.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1971 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100U.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1971 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100U.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1971 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1971 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100U.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1971 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1971? - . Launch Site: Teikovo. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1971 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100M.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1971? - . Launch Site: Teikovo. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1971 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100M.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1971 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1971 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1971 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1971 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100M.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1971 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100M.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1971 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1971 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1971 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100U.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1971 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1971 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1971 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100M.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1971 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1971 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1971 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100M.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1971 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1971 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1971 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100M.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1971 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100M.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1971 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100U.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1971 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1971 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1971 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1971 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1971 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1971 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL71-01 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1971 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100M.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1971 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A.

UBP - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,160 km (720 mi).

1971 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100U.

State trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1971 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A.

UBP - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,160 km (720 mi).

1971 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100U.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1971 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100U.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1971 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

UBP R-16 PL71-01 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1971 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL71-01 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1971 February 2 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100M.

First State trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1971 February 3 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

UBP R-16 PL71-02 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1971 February 12 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100M.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1971 February 17 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC161/35. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1971 March 5 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC43/3. Launch Pad: LC43/4. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Voskhod 11A57. FAILURE: Failure. Failed Stage: U.

Zenit-2M - . Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Spacecraft Bus: Vostok. Spacecraft: Zenit-2M satellite. Area survey photo reconnaissance satellite..

1971 March 5 - . 08:15 GMT - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC86/4. LV Family: R-12. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K63. FAILURE: Second stage failed 133 seconds after launch.. Failed Stage: 2.

DS-P1-Yu s/n 39 - . Payload: DS-P1-Yu. Mass: 330 kg (720 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: DS. Class: Military. Type: Military target satellite. Spacecraft Bus: DS. Spacecraft: DS-P1-Yu. Development of systems for air defence and the control of outer space..

1971 March 15 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

Last State trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1971 April 22 - . 04:22 GMT - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: R-12. Launch Vehicle: K63D.

BOR-2 No. 103 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1971 April 27 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL71-01 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1971 June 3 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100. FAILURE: Failure.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1971 June 16 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100U.

Phase 1 state trials flight - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1971 June 16 - . Launch Site: Bershet. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1971 June 25 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC43/3. Launch Pad: LC43/pad?. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Voskhod 11A57. FAILURE: Failure. Failed Stage: U.

Zenit-4M - . Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Spacecraft Bus: Vostok. Spacecraft: Zenit-4M. Photo surveillance mission..

1971 June 26 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC142/34. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67M.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1971 June 26 - . 23:15 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC110L. LV Family: N1. Launch Vehicle: N-1 11A52. FAILURE: First stage failed.. Failed Stage: 1.

N1 6L - . Payload: Soyuz 7K-LOK / LK Mockups. Mass: 9,850 kg (21,710 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: Lunar L3. Class: Manned. Type: Manned spacecraft. Spacecraft Bus: Soyuz. Spacecraft: Soyuz 7K-LOK. Decay Date: 1971-07-21 . Apogee: 1.00 km (0.60 mi).
Superbooster failure of N1 serial number 6L. This was a substantially improved vehicle, incorporating filters in the propellant lines to prevent any foreign objects from getting into the pumps. The shape of the tail of the booster was modified, and ventilation and refrigeration systems were added to keep the engine compartment cool. It was painted white overall to reduce temperatures while sitting on the pad. After liftoff and ascent, an axial rotation was introduced by gas dynamics interactions of the thirty engines with the air slipstream. The launch vehicle developed a roll beyond the capability of the control system to compensate. and began to break up as it went through Max Q. Control was lost at 50.2 seconds into the flight and it was destroyed by range safety a second later. The engines functioned well and did not shut down up to the point of vehicle destruction. No functional payload was carried. It has been stated that this launch did not have a working launch escape system. Additional Details: here....

1971 June 29 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

UBP R-16 PL71-03 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1971 July 15 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

UBP R-16 PL71-04 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1971 July 22 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC132/2. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. FAILURE: Launch vehicle failed to orbit - unknown cause.. Failed Stage: U.

Tselina-O - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: Tselina. Class: Surveillance. Type: SIGINT. Spacecraft: Tselina-O.

1971 August 3 - . 11:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC133/1. LV Family: R-12. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K63. FAILURE: Second stage failed 204 seconds after launch.. Failed Stage: 2.

DS-P1-Yu s/n 33 - . Payload: DS-P1-Yu. Mass: 330 kg (720 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: DS. Class: Military. Type: Military target satellite. Spacecraft Bus: DS. Spacecraft: DS-P1-Yu. Development of systems for air defence and the control of outer space..

1971 August 8 - . 23:45 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC191/66. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36O 8K69M.

Cosmos 433 - . Mass: 1,700 kg (3,700 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Class: Military. Type: Orbital bombing system. Spacecraft: OGCh. Decay Date: 1971-08-09 . USAF Sat Cat: 5402 . COSPAR: 1971-068A. Apogee: 299 km (185 mi). Perigee: 112 km (69 mi). Inclination: 49.40 deg. Period: 88.50 min. Fractional Orbital Bombardment System test..

1971 August 16 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

UBP R-16 PL71-05 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1971 August 19 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC31. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Voskhod 11A57. FAILURE: Failure. Failed Stage: U.

Zenit-4M - . Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Spacecraft Bus: Vostok. Spacecraft: Zenit-4M. High resolution photo reconnaissance mission..

1971 August 25 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

UBP R-16 PL71-06 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1971 September 1 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100M.

Operational test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1971 September 9 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC142/34. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67M.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1971 September 20 - . Launch Site: Uzhur. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.

ICBM operational test launch from missile base silo - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1971 October 2 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC161/35. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67M.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1971 October 22 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC67/21. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

BI-2 Silo tests test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1.00 km (0.60 mi).

1971 November 3 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC67/21. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

BI-2 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1.00 km (0.60 mi).

1971 December 2 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC142/34. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67M.

OS state trials flight - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1971 December 3 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC43/3. Launch Pad: LC43/4. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Voskhod 11A57. FAILURE: Failure. Failed Stage: U.

Zenit-2M - . Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Spacecraft Bus: Vostok. Spacecraft: Zenit-2M satellite. Area survey photo reconnaissance satellite..

Nauka - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Spacecraft: Nauka.

1971 December 7 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC67/21. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

BI-2 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1.00 km (0.60 mi).

1971 December 10 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC67/21. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100. FAILURE: Failure.

BI-2 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1971 December 22 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC67/21. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100.

BI-2 - . Nation: Kazakhstan. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1.00 km (0.60 mi).

1971 December 29 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC67/21. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

BI-3 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1972 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

UBP R-16 PL72-08 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1972 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100U.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1972 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

UBP R-16 PL72-02 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1972 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

UBP R-16 PL72-05 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1972? - . Launch Site: Teikovo. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1972 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

UBP R-16 PL72-03 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1972 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL72-06 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1972 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

UBP R-16 PL72-07 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1972 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

UBP R-16 PL72-01 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1972 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL72-05 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1972 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL72-04 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1972 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL72-02 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1972 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

UBP R-16 PL72-06 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1972 January 1 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1972 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100N. FAILURE: Failure.

Mod 1 state trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1972? - . Launch Site: Teikovo. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1972 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1972 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL72-03 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1972 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

UBP R-16 PL72-04 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1972 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100U.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1972 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100U.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1972 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100U.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1972 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100U.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1972 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100U.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1972 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100U.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1972 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1972 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1972 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1972 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1972 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1972 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100U.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1972 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1972 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100U.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1972 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1972 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1972 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1972 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1972 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1972 January 20 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

UBP R-16 PL72-09 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1972 February 8 - . 05:59 GMT - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: R-12. Launch Vehicle: K63D.

BOR-2 No. 104 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1972 February 21 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC67/21. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100.

BI-2 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1.00 km (0.60 mi).

1972 March 6 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC67/21. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

BI-3 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1972 March 14 - . Launch Site: Omsk. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,160 km (720 mi).

1972 March 14 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC157. Launch Vehicle: Temp-2S.

Mobile launcher test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1972 March 21 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC67/21. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100.

BI-2 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1.00 km (0.60 mi).

1972 March 23 - . Launch Site: Gladkaya. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1972 March 23 - . Launch Site: Gladkaya. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1972 April 1 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Temp-2S.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1972 April 12 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC161/35. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67MA.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1972 April 18 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

UBP R-16 PL72-10 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1972 April 25 - . 11:29 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC133/1. LV Family: R-12. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K63. FAILURE: Second stage failed 367 seconds after launch.. Failed Stage: 2.

DS-P1-Yu s/n 51 - . Payload: DS-P1-Yu. Mass: 330 kg (720 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: DS. Class: Military. Type: Military target satellite. Spacecraft Bus: DS. Spacecraft: DS-P1-Yu. Development of systems for air defence and the control of outer space..

1972 April 29 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC67/21. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

BI-3 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1972 May 6 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC67/21. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100.

BI-3 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1972 May 24 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC67/21. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100.

BI-3 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1972 May 26 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC161/35. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67MA.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1972 June 1 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Temp-2S.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1972 June 8 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC67/21. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

BI-3 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1972 June 15 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC67/21. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100.

BI-3 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1972 June 29 - . Launch Site: Yurya. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1972 July 14 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC142/34. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67MA.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1972 July 29 - . 03:20 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC81/23. LV Family: Proton. Launch Vehicle: Proton-K. FAILURE: Second stage malfunction at T+ 162 sec.. Failed Stage: 2.

Zarya s/n 122 - . Payload: Zarya s/n 122. Mass: 18,000 kg (39,000 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: Salyut. Class: Manned. Type: Manned space station. Spacecraft Bus: Almaz. Spacecraft: Salyut 1. Decay Date: 1972-07-29 . Second Salyut space station (DOS 2), failed to reach orbit..

1972 August 3 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Temp-2S.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1972 August 17 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

UBP R-16 PL72-11 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1972 August 18 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC67/21. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

BI-3 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1972 August 24 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC161/35. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67MA.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1972 September 1 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Temp-2S.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1972 September 2 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC43/3. Launch Pad: LC43/4. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Voskhod 11A57. FAILURE: Failure. Failed Stage: U.

Zenit-4M - . Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Spacecraft Bus: Vostok. Spacecraft: Zenit-4M. High resolution photo reconnaissance mission..

1972 September 15 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC142/34. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67MA.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1972 September 15 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100N. FAILURE: Failure.

Mod 1 state trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1972 September 15 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC173. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100.

BI-4 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1972 October 1 - . Launch Site: Sea Launch Area. Launch Pad: UNKPL. Launch Platform: PLBR. LV Family: R-27. Launch Vehicle: Zyb R-27U.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1972 October 17 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC132/1. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. FAILURE: Launch vehicle failed to orbit - unknown cause.. Failed Stage: U.

Strela-2 - . Mass: 900 kg (1,980 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: Strela. Class: Communications. Type: Military store-dump communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: KAUR-1. Spacecraft: Strela-2M.

1972 October 19 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC104. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14. FAILURE: Failure.

BI-4 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1972 November 3 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC173. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100.

BI-4 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1972 November 23 - . 06:11 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC110L. LV Family: N1. Launch Vehicle: N-1 11A52. FAILURE: Failure. Failed Stage: 1.

N1 7L - . Payload: Soyuz 7K-LOK / LK Mockups. Mass: 9,850 kg (21,710 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: Lunar L3. Class: Manned. Type: Manned spacecraft. Spacecraft Bus: Soyuz. Spacecraft: Soyuz 7K-LOK. Decay Date: 1972-11-23 . Apogee: 40 km (24 mi).
Unmanned test of manned lunar mission launch vehicle serial number 7L. This article incorporated significant changes to the previous model, including roll 'steering' engines to prevent the loss of control that destroyed 6L. The rocket ascended into the sky, and the engines ran 106.93 seconds, only seven seconds before completion of first stage burnout. Programmed shutdown of some engines to prevent overstressing of the structure led to propellant line hammering, rupture of propellant lines, and an explosion of engine number 4. The vehicle disintegrated. Additional Details: here....

1972 December 26 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC173. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100.

BI-4 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1972 December 29 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC104. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14. FAILURE: Failure.

BI-4 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1973? - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973? - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973? - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973? - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973 - . Launch Site: Drovyanaya. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973? - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973? - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL73-01 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973 - . Launch Site: Drovyanaya. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973? - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973 - . Launch Site: Drovyanaya. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973 - . Launch Site: Drovyanaya. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973? - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973? - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

UBP R-16 PL73-01 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1973 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

UBP R-16 PL73-02 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1973 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1973 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: Vertikal' K65UP.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,500 km (900 mi).

1973 - . Launch Site: Sea Launch Area. Launch Pad: UNKPL. Launch Platform: PLBR. LV Family: R-27. Launch Vehicle: Zyb R-27K.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1973 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1973 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1973 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1973? - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973? - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973? - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973? - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973 - . Launch Site: Drovyanaya. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973? - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973? - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973? - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973? - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973? - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973? - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973? - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973? - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973? - . Launch Site: Teikovo. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A.

UBP - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,160 km (720 mi).

1973 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100U.

SLI missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973? - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973 - . Launch Site: Drovyanaya. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973 - . Launch Site: Drovyanaya. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973 - . Launch Site: Drovyanaya. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973 - . Launch Site: Drovyanaya. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973 - . Launch Site: Drovyanaya. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL73-01 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973 - . Launch Site: Drovyanaya. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973 - . Launch Site: Drovyanaya. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973 - . Launch Site: Drovyanaya. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973 - . Launch Site: Drovyanaya. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973 - . Launch Site: Drovyanaya. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973 - . Launch Site: Drovyanaya. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL73-01 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973 - . Launch Site: Drovyanaya. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973 - . Launch Site: Drovyanaya. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973 - . Launch Site: Drovyanaya. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973 January 24 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC142/34. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67MA.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973 February 1 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973 February 1 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973 February 1 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973 February 1 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973 February 1 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973 February 1 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973 February 1 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973 February 1 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973 February 1 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973 February 21 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC101. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

Phase 1 state trials flight - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973 March 9 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC161/35. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67MA.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973 March 12 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC173. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973 April 6 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC104. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973 April 6 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC177. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973 April 8 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC162/36. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67PM. FAILURE: Failure.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1973 April 9 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100N.

Mod 2 state trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973 April 25 - . Launch Site: Yurya. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1973 April 25 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2. FAILURE: Payload propulsion system failed; no orbit.. Failed Stage: P.

RORSAT failure - . Mass: 3,800 kg (8,300 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: RORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval Radarsat. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-A. Decay Date: 1973-04-25 . COSPAR: F730425A. Ocean surveillance; nuclear powered. Last launch of original US-A design by Savin's KB. American 'sniffer' aircraft flew over the Pacific after this failure looking for radioisotopes traces in order to characterise the reactor..

1973 April 29 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC103. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973 May 1 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Temp-2S.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973 May 23 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC161/35. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67MA.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973 May 24 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC101. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14. FAILURE: Failure.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1973 May 24 - . 03:50 GMT - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: R-12. Launch Vehicle: K63D.

BOR-3 No. 301 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 20 km (12 mi).

1973 May 25 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC132/1. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. FAILURE: Launch vehicle failed to orbit - unknown cause.. Failed Stage: U.

Zaliv - . Mass: 800 kg (1,760 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Class: Navigation. Type: Navigation satellite. Spacecraft Bus: KAUR-1. Spacecraft: Tsiklon satellite.

1973 May 29 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

UBP R-16 PL73-03 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1973 May 29 - . Launch Site: Kostroma. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973 June 1 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100N.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973 June 1 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Temp-2S.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973 June 5 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC173. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100. FAILURE: Failure.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1973 June 16 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC104. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973 June 21 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC177. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973 June 26 - . 01:22 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC132/1. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. FAILURE: Nine persons were killed in the explosion of the vehicle.. Failed Stage: U.

Nine killed in fuelling accident at Plesetsk - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: Tselina. Class: Surveillance. Type: SIGINT. Spacecraft: Tselina-O. COSPAR: F730626BA. Nine were killed at the LC-133 Voskhod complex during preparation of a Kosmos-3M booster. Oxidiser and propellant were accidentally mixed together during fuelling..

1973 Jul - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973 July 1 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Temp-2S.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973 July 1 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100N.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973 July 4 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC43/3. Launch Pad: LC43/pad?. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Voskhod 11A57. FAILURE: Failure. Failed Stage: U.

Zenit-4M - . Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Class: Surveillance. Type: Military surveillance satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Vostok. Spacecraft: Zenit-4M. High resolution photo reconnaissance mission..

1973 July 4 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC140/18. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973 July 9 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC173. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973 July 21 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC161/35. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67PM. FAILURE: Failure.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1973 July 25 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC177. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973 July 25 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Vehicle: Tochka.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 20 km (12 mi).

1973 July 30 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC103. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973 Aug - . Launch Platform: PLBR. LV Family: R-27. Launch Vehicle: Zyb R-27U.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 620 km (380 mi).

1973 August 1 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100N.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973 August 1 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Temp-2S.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973 August 15 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC101. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973 August 17 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC162/36. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67PM.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973 September 1 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100N.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973 September 1 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100N.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973 September 3 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC104. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973 September 12 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC140/18. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14. FAILURE: Failure.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1973 September 29 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Temp-2S.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973 October 1 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100N.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973 October 2 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC173. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973 October 3 - . 13:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Voskhod 11A57.

Cosmos 596 Nauka - . Payload: FEU-170 s/n 1L. Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Class: Earth. Type: Magnetosphere satellite. Spacecraft: Nauka. Decay Date: 1973-10-09 . USAF Sat Cat: 6856 . COSPAR: 1973-070xx. Apogee: 273 km (169 mi). Perigee: 206 km (128 mi). Inclination: 65.40 deg. Period: 89.30 min.

1973 October 8 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC161/35. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67PM. FAILURE: Failure.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1973 October 12 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC101. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14. FAILURE: Failure.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1973 October 13 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973 October 18 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973 October 18 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC177. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973 October 30 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

UBP R-16 PL73-04 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1973 November 1 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100N.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973 Nov? - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Temp-2S.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973 November 3 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Temp-2S.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973 November 4 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC173. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973 November 5 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC103. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973 November 20 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC104. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973 December 1 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Temp-2S.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973 December 1 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100N.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973 December 4 - . Launch Platform: PLBR. LV Family: R-27. Launch Vehicle: Zyb R-27K.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 620 km (380 mi).

1973 December 17 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC140/18. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973 December 21 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC162/36. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67PM.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973 December 21 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC177. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973 December 26 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC101. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973 December 27 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC173. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1973 December 28 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100N.

Mod 1 state trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1974 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1974 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL74-02 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1974 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

UBP R-16 PL74-01 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1974 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1974 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1974 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1974 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1974 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

UBP R-16 PL74-02 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1974 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL74-01 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1974 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1974 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1974 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1974? - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974? - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974? - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974? - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL74-04 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974? - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL74-05 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL74-03 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1974 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Ionosphere/Solar mission? - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1974 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974? - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974? - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974? - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100N.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100N.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100N.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100N.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1974 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100N.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974? - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100N.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100N.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 January 1 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: Vertikal' K65UP.

Ionosphere/Solar mission? - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,500 km (900 mi).

1974 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-9. Launch Vehicle: R-9A.

UBP - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,160 km (720 mi).

1974 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1974 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100N.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974? - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974? - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1974 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1974 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1974 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1974 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1974? - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974? - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974? - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974? - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974? - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100N.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1974 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1974? - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974? - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974? - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974? - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974? - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974? - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100N.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 January 12 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC162/36. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.

DKh state trials flight - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 January 20 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC103. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

POR state trials missile launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 January 24 - . 15:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Voskhod 11A57.

Cosmos 629 Nauka - . Payload: FEU-170-13 s/n 2L. Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Class: Earth. Type: Magnetosphere satellite. Spacecraft: Nauka. Decay Date: 1974-02-05 . USAF Sat Cat: 7100 . COSPAR: 1974-003xx. Apogee: 280 km (170 mi). Perigee: 194 km (120 mi). Inclination: 62.80 deg. Period: 89.20 min.

1974 January 25 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100N.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 January 26 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100N.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 February 1 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Temp-2S.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 February 4 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC177. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 February 13 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC140/18. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14. FAILURE: Failure.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1974 February 19 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100N.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 February 21 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC104. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

POR state trials missile launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 February 21 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100N.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 February 24 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC101. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 February 26 - . Launch Site: Uzhur. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.

ICBM operational test launch from missile base silo - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 February 26 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC173. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 February 26 - . Launch Site: Uzhur. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.

ICBM operational test launch from missile base silo - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 February 27 - . Launch Site: Uzhur. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.

ICBM operational test launch from missile base silo - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 February 27 - . Launch Site: Uzhur. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.

ICBM operational test launch from missile base silo - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 February 27 - . Launch Site: Uzhur. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.

ICBM operational test launch from missile base silo - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 February 27 - . Launch Site: Uzhur. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.

ICBM operational test launch from missile base silo - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 March 1 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC177. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 Mar? - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Temp-2S.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 April 1 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: Vertikal' K65UP.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,500 km (900 mi).

1974 Apr? - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Temp-2S.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 April 3 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC177. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 April 12 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC31. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Voskhod 11A57. FAILURE: Failure. Failed Stage: U.

Zenit-4MK - . Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Spacecraft Bus: Vostok. Spacecraft: Zenit-4MK. High resolution photo reconnaissance mission..

1974 April 16 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC162/36. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.

DKh state trials flight - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 April 27 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC105. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14. FAILURE: Failure.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1974 April 27 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC177. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 April 28 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC173. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 May? - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Temp-2S.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 May 23 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC43/3. Launch Pad: LC43/pad?. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz-U. FAILURE: A problem in separation of the second and third stages of resulted in radio contact being lost with the spacecraft at T+439.6 sec. This automatically triggered the destruct charge in the Yantar OSA Descent Module, destroying the spacecraft and booster.. Failed Stage: 3.

Yantar-2K failure. - . Payload: Yantar-2K s/n 1. Mass: 6,600 kg (14,500 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Class: Surveillance. Type: Military surveillance satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Yantar. Spacecraft: Yantar-2K. First test launch of Yantar second generation reconnaissance spacecraft..

1974 May 28 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC177. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 May 31 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC173. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 Jun? - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Temp-2S.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 June 21 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC177. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 June 24 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC106. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 June 28 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Temp-2S.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 Jul? - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Temp-2S.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 Jul? - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Temp-2S.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 July 1 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100N.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 Jul - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 Jul - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 July 4 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC109. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 July 11 - . 05:01 GMT - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: R-12. Launch Vehicle: K63D.

BOR-3 No. 302 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1974 July 11 - . 10:59 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC133/1. LV Family: R-12. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K63. FAILURE: First stage failed 84 seconds after launch.. Failed Stage: 1.

DS-P1-Yu s/n 68 - . Payload: DS-P1-Yu. Mass: 330 kg (720 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: DS. Class: Military. Type: Military target satellite. Spacecraft Bus: DS. Spacecraft: DS-P1-Yu. Development of systems for air defence and the control of outer space..

1974 July 26 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC140/18. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 Aug? - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Temp-2S.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 August 19 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC105. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 August 28 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC173. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 August 30 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC41/1. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Voskhod 11A57. FAILURE: Failure. Failed Stage: U.

Zenit-2M - . Payload: Zenit-2M. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Spacecraft Bus: Vostok. Spacecraft: Zenit-2M satellite. Area survey photo reconnaissance satellite..

1974 August 30 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC109. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

Missile accuracy test launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 August 30 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC41/1. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Voskhod 11A57. FAILURE: Failure.

Nauka - . Payload: FEU-170 No. 3L. Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Spacecraft: Nauka.

1974 Sep? - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Temp-2S.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 Sep? - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Temp-2S.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 September 5 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100. FAILURE: Failure.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1974 September 10 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC106. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 September 14 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC177. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 September 21 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. LV Family: Temp-2S. Launch Vehicle: Pioner.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1974 September 27 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC173. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 Oct? - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Temp-2S.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 October 3 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC162/36. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67. FAILURE: Failure.

OS state trials flight - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1974 October 7 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC104. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 October 17 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC162/36. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.

Yantar state trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 October 22 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC177. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 October 23 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC109. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 October 23 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC173. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 Nov - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Temp-2S.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 Nov? - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Temp-2S.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 November 1 - . 14:20 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Voskhod 11A57.

Cosmos 692 Nauka - . Payload: FEU-170 s/n 4L. Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Class: Earth. Type: Magnetosphere satellite. Spacecraft: Nauka. COSPAR: 1974-087xx.

1974 November 12 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC177. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100.

Operational test launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 November 12 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC103. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14. FAILURE: Failure.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1974 December 1 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC86/1. Launch Pad: LC86/pad?. Launch Vehicle: R-31.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 December 11 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC105. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 December 12 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Temp-2S.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 December 12 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Temp-2S.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 December 17 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC106. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 December 17 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC177. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100.

Mod 2 state trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 December 23 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC104. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 December 25 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC109. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 December 29 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Temp-2S.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1974 December 29 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC103. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14. FAILURE: Failure.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1975 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1975 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1975 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1975 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: Vertikal' K65UP.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,500 km (900 mi).

1975 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1975 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: Vertikal' K65UP.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,500 km (900 mi).

1975? - . Launch Site: Drovyanaya. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1975 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1975 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1975 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Temp-2S.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1975 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1975 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Temp-2S.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1975 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1975 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1975 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1975 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL75-06 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1975 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL75-05 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1975 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL75-04 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1975 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL75-03 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1975 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL75-02 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1975 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL75-01 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1975 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Vehicle: Tochka.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 20 km (12 mi).

1975 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1975 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1975 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100N.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1975? - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1975 - . Launch Site: Drovyanaya. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1975 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1975 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Temp-2S.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1975 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1975 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100N.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1975? - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1975? - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: R-12. Launch Vehicle: K63.

MATSESTA 2 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN.

1975? - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1975? - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1975 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Temp-2S.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1975? - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1975 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1975 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: R-12. Launch Vehicle: K63.

MATSESTA 1 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN.

1975? - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1975? - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1975? - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1975? - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1975? - . Launch Site: Drovyanaya. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1975? - . Launch Site: Drovyanaya. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1975 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1975? - . Launch Site: Drovyanaya. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1975? - . Launch Site: Drovyanaya. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1975? - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1975? - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1975 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100N.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1975 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Vehicle: R-31.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1975 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100N.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1975 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1975 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: Temp-2S. Launch Vehicle: Pioner.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1975 January 19 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC162/36. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.

Svilets test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1975 January 21 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC162/36. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67. FAILURE: Failure.

Svilets test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1975 January 27 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC142/34. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.

Svilets test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1975 February 4 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC140/18. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1975 February 26 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC109. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

Missile accuracy test launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1975 February 27 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC142/34. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67MA.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1975 February 28 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur PU33. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67MA.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1975 March 18 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC103. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

SLI POR test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1975 March 30 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC105. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

SLI POR test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1975 April 5 - . 11:04 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC1. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511. FAILURE: During second-third stage separation third stage failed to separate from second stage but still ignited.. Failed Stage: 3.

Soyuz 18-1 - . Call Sign: Ural (Urals ). Crew: Lazarev, Makarov. Backup Crew: Klimuk, Sevastyanov. Payload: Soyuz 7K-T s/n 39. Mass: 6,830 kg (15,050 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: Salyut. Class: Manned. Type: Manned spacecraft. Flight: Soyuz 18-1. Spacecraft Bus: Soyuz. Spacecraft: Soyuz 7K-T. Duration: 0.0149 days. Decay Date: 1975-04-05 . Apogee: 192 km (119 mi).
Carried Oleg Makarov, Vasili Lazarev for rendezvous with Salyut 4; but during second-third stage seperation third stage failed to separate from second stage but still ignited. The crew demanded that the abort procedures be implemented but ground control could not see the launch vehicle gyrations in their telemetry. Soyuz finally was separated from by ground control command at 192 km, and following a 20.6+ G reentry, the capsule landed in the Altai mountains, tumbled down a mountainside, and snagged in some bushes just short of a precipice. The crew was worried that they may have landed in China and would face internment, but after an hour sitting in the cold next to the capsule, they were discovered by locals speaking Russian. Total flight duration was 1574 km and flight time 21 minutes 27 seconds. Lazarev suffered internal injuries from the high-G reentry and tumble down the mountain side and never flew again. Both cosmonauts were denied their 3000 ruble spaceflight bonus pay and had to apeal all the way to Brezhnev before being paid.

1975 April 23 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC173. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100.

Operational test launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1975 April 24 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC106. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1975 May 28 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC105. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1975 May 29 - . Launch Site: Kostroma. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1975 June 3 - . 09:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/2. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. FAILURE: First stage failed 84 seconds after launch.. Failed Stage: 1.

Intercosmos 14 - . Payload: DS-U3-IK s/n 5. Mass: 390 kg (850 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: Intercosmos. Class: Earth. Type: Magnetosphere satellite. Spacecraft Bus: DS. Spacecraft: DS-U3-IK. Measurements of the sun; used for Interkosmos launches. Payload included East European experiments to study solar UV, X-ray effects on upper atmosphere. Investigation of solar radiation and its effect on the atmosphere of the earth..

1975 June 4 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC101. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

SLI? - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1975 June 7 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC109. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

SLI? - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1975 June 13 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC173. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1975 June 16 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100N. FAILURE: Failure.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1975 June 25 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC142/34. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.

OS-67 test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1975 June 30 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC140/18. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1975 July 1 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC177. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1975 July 1 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: Temp-2S. Launch Vehicle: Pioner.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1975 July 2 - . Launch Site: Nizhniy Tagil. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1975 July 4 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100N. FAILURE: Failure.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1975 July 23 - . Launch Site: Yurya. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1975 August 12 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC177. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1975 August 12 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC173. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1975 August 16 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC106. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1975 August 26 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC109. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

Missile accuracy test launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1975 August 27 - . Launch Site: Nizhniy Tagil. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1975 August 27 - . Launch Site: Nizhniy Tagil. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1975 August 27 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC105. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1975 September 5 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K. FAILURE: Failure.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1975 September 23 - . 10:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Voskhod 11A57.

Cosmos 769 Nauka - . Payload: FEU-170-13 s/n 5L. Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Class: Earth. Type: Magnetosphere satellite. Spacecraft: Nauka. COSPAR: 1975-088xx.

1975 September 29 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K. FAILURE: Failure.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1975 September 29 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC103. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1975 October 1 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC101. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

SLI? - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1975 October 16 - . 04:04 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC81/23. LV Family: Proton. Launch Vehicle: Proton-K/D-1. FAILURE: Block D stage failed.. Failed Stage: U.

Ye-8-5M s/n 412 - Block D stage failed. - . Payload: Ye-8-5M s/n 412. Mass: 5,300 kg (11,600 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: Luna. Class: Moon. Type: Lunar probe. Spacecraft Bus: Luna Ye-8. Spacecraft: Luna Ye-8-5. Decay Date: 1975-10-16 . Attempted robotic lunar soil return mission. Block D stage failed..

1975 October 25 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90?/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: R-36 8K67.

Operational test? - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1975 Dec - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL75-07 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1975 December 19 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC132/1. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. FAILURE: Launch vehicle failed to orbit - unknown cause.. Failed Stage: U.

DS-P1-M - . Payload: DS-P1-M. Mass: 650 kg (1,430 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Class: Military. Type: Anti-satellite system target. Spacecraft Bus: DS. Spacecraft: DS-P1-M. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). Target for IS ASAT systems tests..

1976? - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1976? - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1976? - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1976 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1976 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1976 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1976 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1976? - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1976? - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1976? - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1976 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1976 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100N.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1976? - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1976 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1976 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1976 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100N.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1976 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100N.

SLI missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1976 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1976 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: Vertikal' K65UP.

Ionosphere/Solar mission? - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,500 km (900 mi).

1976? - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: R-12. Launch Vehicle: K63.

MATSESTA 3 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN.

1976 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Vertikal-4 Ionosphere/Solar mission? - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1976 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100N.

SLI missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1976 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100N.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1976 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL76-08 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1976 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL76-07 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1976 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL76-06 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1976 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL76-05 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1976 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL76-04 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1976 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL76-03 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1976 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL76-02 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1976 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL76-01 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1976 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100N.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1976 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1976 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100N.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1976? - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1976 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100N.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1976? - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1976 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100U.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1976 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100N.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1976? - . Launch Site: Drovyanaya. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1976? - . Launch Site: Drovyanaya. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1976? - . Launch Site: Drovyanaya. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1976? - . Launch Site: Drovyanaya. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1976? - . Launch Site: Drovyanaya. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1976? - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1976 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1976? - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. LV Family: R-16. Launch Vehicle: R-16U.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,210 km (750 mi).

1976 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1976 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100N.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1976 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1976 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1976 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Temp-2S.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1976 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: Vertikal' K65UP.

Ionosphere/Solar mission? - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,500 km (900 mi).

1976 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1976 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1976 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1976 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1976 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1976 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1976 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1976 January 9 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: Temp-2S. Launch Vehicle: Pioner.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1976 January 30 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC103. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1976 February 12 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC140/18. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1976 February 18 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC101. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

SLI? - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1976 February 19 - . Launch Site: Kostroma. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1976 March 12 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC173. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100.

State trials flight - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1976 May 17 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC177. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100.

State trials flight - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1976 May 17 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC105. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

SLI? - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1976 May 24 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100N. FAILURE: Failure.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1976 June 9 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC106. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1976 June 15 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC170. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1976 June 26 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC173. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1976 June 29 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC177. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1976 June 29 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC103. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

Missile accuracy test launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1976 July 1 - . Launch Site: Sea Launch Area. Launch Pad: UNKPL. Launch Platform: PLBR. LV Family: R-27. Launch Vehicle: Zyb.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1976 August 12 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC173. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100.

Operational test launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1976 August 21 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100N. FAILURE: Failure.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1976 September 3 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC109. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

Missile accuracy test launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1976 October 4 - . 11:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC43/4. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz-U. FAILURE: Launch vehicle destroyed at T+95 seconds.. Failed Stage: 0.

Zenit-4MKT no. 3 - . Payload: Zenit-4MKT no. 3. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: Resurs. Class: Surveillance. Type: Military surveillance satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Vostok. Spacecraft: Zenit-4MKT. Investigation of the natural resources of the earth in the interests of various branches of the national economy of the USSR and international cooperation..

1976 October 14 - . 11:50 GMT - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: Vertikal' K65UP.

Vertikal-4 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,150 km (710 mi).

1976 October 21 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC170. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100. FAILURE: Failure.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1976 October 26 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC177. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1976 December 14 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC170. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1976 December 14 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100N. FAILURE: Failure.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1976 December 16 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC173. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1976 December 22 - . 04:30 GMT - . Launch Site: White Sea Launch Area. Launch Pad: 65.5 N x 38.0 E. Launch Platform: K-140. Launch Vehicle: R-31.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi). Launched from White Sea Launch Area, Beloye More, Archangel'sk Oblast' - Latitude: 65.50 N - Longitude: 38.00 E..

1976 December 28 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100N. FAILURE: Failure.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1976 December 28 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC106. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

DP - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1976 December 30 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC177. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100. FAILURE: Failure.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1977 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL77-08 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1977 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100N.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1977 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL77-09 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1977 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1977? - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1977 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL77-05 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1977 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100N.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1977 - . Launch Site: Drovyanaya. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1977 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100N.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1977 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100N.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1977 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL77-06 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1977 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1977? - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1977 - . Launch Site: Teikovo. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1977 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100N.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1977 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1977 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1977? - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1977? - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1977? - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1977? - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1977 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1977 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1977 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1977 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1977 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1977 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1977? - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1977 - . Launch Site: Drovyanaya. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1977 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL77-10 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1977 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL77-04 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1977 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL77-01 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1977 - . Launch Site: Sea Launch Area. Launch Pad: UNKPL. Launch Platform: K-140. Launch Vehicle: R-31.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1977 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: Vertikal' K65UP.

Ionosphere mission? - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,500 km (900 mi).

1977 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: Vertikal' K65UP.

Ionosphere mission? - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,500 km (900 mi).

1977 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1977 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1977 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1977 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1977 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL77-02 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1977 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL77-07 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1977 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL77-03 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1977 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1977 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1977 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1977 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1977 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1977 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1977? - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: R-12. Launch Vehicle: K63.

MATSESTA 4 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN.

1977 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1977 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1977? - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1977 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1977 February 3 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC103. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

Missile accuracy test launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1977 February 22 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC31. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz-U. FAILURE: Failure. Failed Stage: U.

Zenit-4MK - . Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Class: Surveillance. Type: Military surveillance satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Vostok. Spacecraft: Zenit-4MK. Decay Date: 1977-03-30 . High resolution photo reconnaissance mission..

1977 March 17 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC105. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1977 March 26 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC173. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100.

Operational test launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1977 April 14 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC177. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1977 May 17 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC109. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

Missile accuracy test launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1977 May 25 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC173. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100.

K? - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1977 May 28 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC105. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

Missile accuracy test launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1977 June 30 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC173. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100.

Operational test launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1977 July 30 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC177. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1977 August 4 - . 22:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC81/24. LV Family: Proton. Launch Vehicle: Proton-K. FAILURE: First stage engine steering unit failure at T+40.1 seconds. Failed Stage: 1.

TKS VA s/n 009L/P - . Payload: TKS VA s/n 009L/P. Mass: 4,250 kg (9,360 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: Almaz. Class: Manned. Type: Manned spacecraft. Spacecraft Bus: TKS. Spacecraft: TKS VA. Decay Date: 1977-08-04 . Spacecraft lost in booster explosion..

TKS VA s/n 009P/P - . Payload: TKS VA s/n 009P/P. Mass: 3,800 kg (8,300 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: Almaz. Spacecraft Bus: TKS. Spacecraft: TKS VA.
A repeat test of the VA capsules from LVI-1 of a month earlier were atop the Proton (VA's 009P and 009L). However the booster failed at 49 seconds after launch. The SAS launch escape system pulled the top capsule (009P) away from the exploding Proton rocket and it was successfully recovered. The lower capsule was lost with the booster.

1977 August 10 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC31. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz-U. FAILURE: Failure. Failed Stage: U.

Zenit-4MKM - . Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Class: Surveillance. Type: Military surveillance satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Vostok. Spacecraft: Zenit-4MKM. Decay Date: 1977-08-30 . High resolution photo reconnaissance mission..

1977 Sep - . Launch Site: Teikovo. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1977 Sep - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Vehicle: Oka.

First launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 120 km (70 mi).

1977 October 25 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC177. LV Family: MR-UR-100. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100U 15A16.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1977 October 25 - . 12:15 GMT - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: Vertikal' K65UP.

Vertikal'-6 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,500 km (900 mi).

1977 October 26 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35.

First UR-100NU launch. Joint flight trials launch. - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1977 October 31 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36MU 15A18.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1977 Nov - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17VTO.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 86 km (53 mi).

1977 November 29 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC132/1. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. FAILURE: Failure. Failed Stage: U.

Kosmos launch failure - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN.

1977 November 29 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC109. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

Missile accuracy test launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1977 December 1 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1977 December 27 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC140/18. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1977 December 29 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC177. LV Family: MR-UR-100. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100U 15A16.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1977 December 30 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC109. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

Missile accuracy test launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1978 - . Launch Site: Tatishchevo. Launch Vehicle: UR-100N.

Off site test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1978 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL78-06 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1978 - . Launch Site: Drovyanaya. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1978? - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1978? - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1978 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: Vertikal' K65UP.

Ionosphere mission? - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,500 km (900 mi).

1978? - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1978? - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1978? - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1978 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: R-12. Launch Vehicle: K63.

MATSESTA 5 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN.

1978 January 1 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100N.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1978 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1978 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL78-04 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1978? - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17VTO.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 86 km (53 mi).

1978 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1978 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL78-05 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1978 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL78-01 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1978 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100N.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1978 January 1 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100N.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1978 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL78-02 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1978 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL78-03 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1978 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1978 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: Vertikal' K65UP.

Ionosphere mission? - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,500 km (900 mi).

1978 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1978 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36MU 15A18.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1978 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1978 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36MU 15A18.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1978 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1978 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1978 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36MU 15A18.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1978 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1978 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1978 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36MU 15A18.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1978 - . Launch Site: Drovyanaya. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1978 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36MU 15A18.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1978 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1978 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1978 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1978 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1978 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36MU 15A18.

SLI - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1978 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1978 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1978 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36MU 15A18.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1978 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1978? - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1978 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36MU 15A18.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1978 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36MU 15A18.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1978 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1978? - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1978 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1978 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1978 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1978 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1978 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36MU 15A18.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1978 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1978 - . Launch Site: Sea Launch Area. Launch Pad: UNKPL. Launch Platform: K-140. Launch Vehicle: R-31.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1978 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1978 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1978? - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1978 February 11 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC109. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

Missile accuracy test launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1978 February 15 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC140/18. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

Missile accuracy test launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1978 February 27 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC177. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1978 March 26 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC173. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1978 March 31 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC177. LV Family: MR-UR-100. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100U 15A16.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1978 April 27 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC170. LV Family: MR-UR-100. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100U 15A16. FAILURE: Failure.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1978 May 27 - . 01:25 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC200/40. LV Family: Proton. Launch Vehicle: Proton-K/DM. FAILURE: Stage 1 - vehicle failed at launch.. Failed Stage: 1.

Ekran s/n 13L - . Payload: Ekran s/n 13L. Mass: 1,970 kg (4,340 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Class: Communications. Type: Military communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: KAUR-3. Spacecraft: Ekran. Failed launch of communications satellite..

1978 June 5 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC173. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1978 June 5 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC177. LV Family: MR-UR-100. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100U 15A16.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1978 June 14 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC109. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1978 June 28 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC170. LV Family: MR-UR-100. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100U 15A16.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1978 June 29 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC102. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

Missile accuracy test launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1978 June 30 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36MU 15A18. FAILURE: Failure.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1978 July 22 - . Launch Site: Kostroma. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1978 July 29 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC106. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

DP - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1978 August 11 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC173. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1978 August 17 - . 20:02 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC200/40. LV Family: Proton. Launch Vehicle: Proton-K/DM. FAILURE: Stage 1 - vehicle failed at launch.. Failed Stage: 1.

Ekran s/n 15L - . Payload: Ekran s/n 15L. Mass: 1,970 kg (4,340 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Class: Communications. Type: Military communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: KAUR-3. Spacecraft: Ekran.

1978 August 23 - . Launch Site: Kostroma. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1978 August 25 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC181. LV Family: MR-UR-100. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100U 15A16.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1978 September 12 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC177. LV Family: MR-UR-100. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100U 15A16.

SLI Kura - . Nation: Kazakhstan. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1978 September 12 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC140/18. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

Missile accuracy test launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1978 September 29 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36MU 15A18. FAILURE: Failure.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1978 October 2 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC172. LV Family: MR-UR-100. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100U 15A16.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1978 October 17 - . 16:04 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC200/40. LV Family: Proton. Launch Vehicle: Proton-K/DM. FAILURE: Second stage explosion.. Failed Stage: 2.

Ekran s/n 14L - . Payload: Ekran s/n 14L. Mass: 1,970 kg (4,340 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Class: Communications. Type: Military communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: KAUR-3. Spacecraft: Ekran.

1978 October 24 - . 19:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC132/1. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M.

Magion 1 - . Payload: S2. Mass: 15 kg (33 lb). Nation: Czech Republic. Agency: RVSN. Program: Intercosmos. Class: Earth. Type: Magnetosphere satellite. Spacecraft: Magion. Decay Date: 1981-09-11 . USAF Sat Cat: 11110 . COSPAR: 1978-099B. Apogee: 762 km (473 mi). Perigee: 404 km (251 mi). Inclination: 83.00 deg. Period: 96.40 min.
Ionospheric, magnetospheric studies. The Czechoslovak satellite MAGION was launched into orbit by the Soviet spacecraft Intercosmos 18. It forms a part of the scientific programme of Intercosmos 18, launched from USSR territory on 24 Oct 1978. MAGION was separated into an autonomous orbit on 14 Nov 1978. General function: Reasearch of the magnetosphere and ionosphere of the earth (magnetosphere-ionosphere satellite).

1978 November 3 - . 12:05 GMT - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: Vertikal' K65UP.

Vertikal'-7 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,500 km (900 mi).

1978 November 27 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC181. LV Family: MR-UR-100. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100U 15A16.

SLI Kura - . Nation: Kazakhstan. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1978 December 21 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC106. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

SLI missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1979 - . Launch Site: Tatishchevo. Launch Vehicle: UR-100N.

Off site test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1979 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL79-08 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1979 - . Launch Site: Tatishchevo. Launch Vehicle: UR-100N.

Off site test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1979 - . Launch Site: Tatishchevo. Launch Vehicle: UR-100N.

Off site test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1979 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36MU 15A18.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1979 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1979 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36MU 15A18.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1979 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1979 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1979 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1979 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1979 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1979 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1979 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1979 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1979 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: MR-UR-100. Launch Vehicle: Perimetr 15A11.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1979 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1979 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL79-06 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1979 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL79-05 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1979 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL79-04 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1979 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL79-03 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1979? - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: Temp-2S. Launch Vehicle: Pioner UTTKh.

R&D - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1979? - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: Temp-2S. Launch Vehicle: Pioner UTTKh.

R&D - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1979? - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: Temp-2S. Launch Vehicle: Pioner UTTKh.

R&D - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1979 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL79-01 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1979? - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: Temp-2S. Launch Vehicle: Pioner UTTKh.

R&D - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1979 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL79-02 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1979 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1979 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36MU 15A18.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1979 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1979 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1979 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1979 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1979 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1979 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36MU 15A18.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1979 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL79-07 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1979 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36MU 15A18.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1979 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1979 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36MU 15A18.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1979 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: Vertikal' K65UP.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,500 km (900 mi).

1979 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36MU 15A18.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1979 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: Vertikal' K65UP.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,500 km (900 mi).

1979 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1979 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36MU 15A18.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1979 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1979 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36MU 15A18.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1979 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1979 February 16 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC41/1. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz-U. FAILURE: Failure. Failed Stage: U.

Zenit-2M - . Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Spacecraft Bus: Vostok. Spacecraft: Zenit-2M satellite. Area survey photo reconnaissance satellite..

Nauka - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Spacecraft: Nauka.

1979 April 19 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC106. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

DP - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1979 May 21 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC170. LV Family: MR-UR-100. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100U 15A16.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1979 May 31 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: MR-UR-100. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100U 15A16.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1979 June 26 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: MR-UR-100. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100U 15A16.

SLI? - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1979 June 29 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC170. LV Family: MR-UR-100. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100U 15A16.

Operational test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1979 July 20 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC172. LV Family: MR-UR-100. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100U 15A16.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1979 Aug - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Vehicle: Oka.

Stage 1, last - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 120 km (70 mi).

1979 August 1 - . Launch Site: Sea Launch Area. Launch Pad: UNKPL. Launch Platform: K-140. Launch Vehicle: R-31.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1979 August 2 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC170. LV Family: MR-UR-100. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100U 15A16.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1979 August 3 - . Launch Site: Kostroma. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1979 August 3 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC181. LV Family: MR-UR-100. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100U 15A16.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1979 August 10 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: Temp-2S. Launch Vehicle: Pioner UTTKh.

R&D - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1979 August 17 - . 07:45 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC43/4. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz-U.

Cosmos 1122 Nauka - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Class: Earth. Type: Magnetosphere satellite. Spacecraft: Nauka. COSPAR: 1979-075xx.

1979 August 30 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC170. LV Family: MR-UR-100. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100U 15A16.

SLI? - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1979 Sep - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Vehicle: Oka.

Stage 2, first - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 120 km (70 mi).

1979 September 14 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: MR-UR-100. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100U 15A16.

SLI? - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1979 September 29 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17VTO.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 86 km (53 mi).

1979 October 12 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC43/3. Launch Pad: LC43/pad?. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz-U. FAILURE: Failure. Failed Stage: U.

Zenit-6 - . Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Spacecraft Bus: Vostok. Spacecraft: Zenit-6U. COSPAR: F791012A. Photo surveillance mission..

1979 November 15 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: MR-UR-100. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100U 15A16.

Operational test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1979 December 26 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC181. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1980 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1980 January 1 - . Launch Site: Nenoksa. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: Rif.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1980 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL80-07 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1980 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL80-08 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1980 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1980 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1980 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1980 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

BOR-4 re-entry vehicle test flight - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1980 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1980 January 1 - . Launch Site: Nenoksa. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: Rif.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1980 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1980 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL80-06 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1980 January 1 - . Launch Site: Nenoksa. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: Rif.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1980 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL80-02 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1980 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: Vertikal' K65UP.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,500 km (900 mi).

1980 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: Vertikal' K65UP.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,500 km (900 mi).

1980 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: Vertikal' K65UP.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,500 km (900 mi).

1980 January 1 - . Launch Site: Nenoksa. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: Rif.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1980 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1980 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36MU 15A18.

DP operational test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1980 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1980 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1980 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36MU 15A18.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1980 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1980 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL80-04 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1980 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36MU 15A18.

DP operational test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1980 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36MU 15A18.

DP operational test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1980? - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: Temp-2S. Launch Vehicle: Pioner UTTKh.

R&D - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1980 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1980? - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: Temp-2S. Launch Vehicle: Pioner UTTKh.

R&D - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1980? - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: Temp-2S. Launch Vehicle: Pioner UTTKh.

R&D - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1980 - . Launch Site: Teikovo. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

ICBM operational test launch from missile base silo - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1980? - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: Temp-2S. Launch Vehicle: Pioner UTTKh.

R&D - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1980 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL80-01 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1980 - . Launch Site: Teikovo. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

ICBM operational test launch from missile base silo - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1980 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL80-03 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1980 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL80-05 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1980 March 6 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC172. LV Family: MR-UR-100. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100U 15A16.

Operational test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1980 March 6 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC109. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

DP - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1980 March 18 - . 16:01 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC43/4. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Vostok 8A92M. FAILURE: Booster exploded on pad during servicing. Severe pad damage, 48 people killed. Cause found to be change in solder with tin to that with lead in H2O2 filters, causing decomposition and explosion.. Failed Stage: 0.

Tselina-D - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: Tselina. Class: Surveillance. Type: SIGINT. Spacecraft: Tselina-D. Decay Date: 1980-03-18 . COSPAR: F800318A.
This was the worst disaster since the Nedelin Catastrophe on 24 October 1964. A commission of military officers and chief designers reviewed the incident and requested changes to equipment and procedures, especially as regarded liquid oxygen handling. Another source reports that the explosion occurred during the fuelling of the Block E upper stage, and was due to hydrogen peroxide being present in a lox line filter and a confusion between fuel and lox lines. This error had always been possible, but had never happened in the 20 years of use of the booster before the explosion. The launch pad was badly damaged and not put back into service until April 1983.

1980 April 18 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC172. LV Family: MR-UR-100. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100U 15A16.

OT K - . Nation: Kazakhstan. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1980 April 25 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC106. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1980 June 5 - . Launch Site: Tatishchevo. Launch Vehicle: UR-100N.

Off site test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1980 July 1 - . Launch Site: Tatishchevo. Launch Vehicle: UR-100N.

Off site test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1980 Jul - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Vehicle: Oka.

Stage 2, last - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 120 km (70 mi).

1980 July 4 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC109. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1980 August 14 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: Temp-2S. Launch Vehicle: Pioner UTTKh.

R&D - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1980 August 29 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC106. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1980 October 3 - . Launch Site: Nenoksa. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: Rif.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1980 November 27 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

OT? - . Nation: Kazakhstan. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1980 December 3 - . Launch Site: Nenoksa. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: Rif.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1980 December 5 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-RB.

BOR-4 Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 198 km (123 mi).

1981 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL81-07 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1981 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL81-01 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1981 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL81-02 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1981 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL81-03 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1981 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL81-04 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1981 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100N.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1981 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL81-06 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1981 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1981 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL81-08 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1981 - . Launch Site: Gladkaya. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

ICBM operational test launch from missile base silo - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1981 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL81-05 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1981 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1981 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100N.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1981 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1981 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL81-10 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1981 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100N.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1981 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL81-11 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1981 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1981 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1981 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36MU 15A18.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1981 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36MU 15A18.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1981 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36MU 15A18.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1981 - . Launch Site: Kartaly. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36MU 15A18.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1981 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36MU 15A18.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1981 - . Launch Site: Gladkaya. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

ICBM operational test launch from missile base silo - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1981 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100N.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1981 - . Launch Site: Okhotsk. Launch Platform: PLBR. LV Family: R-27. Launch Vehicle: Zyb.

Operational test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1981 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1981 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1981 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1981 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1981 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1981 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1981 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1981 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1981 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1981 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL81-09 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1981 - . Launch Site: Okhotsk. Launch Platform: PLBR. LV Family: R-27. Launch Vehicle: Zyb.

Operational test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1981 - . Launch Site: Okhotsk. Launch Platform: PLBR. LV Family: R-27. Launch Vehicle: Zyb.

Operational test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1981 - . Launch Site: Okhotsk. Launch Platform: PLBR. LV Family: R-27. Launch Vehicle: Zyb.

Operational test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1981 - . Launch Site: Okhotsk. Launch Platform: PLBR. LV Family: R-27. Launch Vehicle: Zyb.

Operational test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1981 - . Launch Site: Okhotsk. Launch Platform: PLBR. LV Family: R-27. Launch Vehicle: Zyb.

Operational test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1981 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: Vertikal' K65UP.

Ionosphere mission? - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,500 km (900 mi).

1981 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Vertikal-10 Ionosphere/Solar mission? - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1981 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: MR-UR-100. Launch Vehicle: Perimetr 15A11.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1981 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1981 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1981 - . Launch Site: Okhotsk. Launch Platform: PLBR. LV Family: R-27. Launch Vehicle: Zyb.

Operational test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1981 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100N.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1981 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1981 - . Launch Site: Okhotsk. Launch Platform: PLBR. LV Family: R-27. Launch Vehicle: Zyb.

Operational test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1981 January 23 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32/1. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3. FAILURE: Payload shroud failed to separate.. Failed Stage: S.

Geo-IK no. 1 - . Payload: Geo-IK no. 1. Mass: 1,500 kg (3,300 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Class: Earth. Type: Geodetic satellite. Spacecraft Bus: KAUR-1. Spacecraft: Geo-IK. Decay Date: 1981-01-23 .

1981 January 27 - . Launch Site: Nenoksa. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: Rif.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1981 February 10 - . Launch Site: Uzhur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

ICBM operational test launch from missile base silo - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1981 February 11 - . Launch Site: Uzhur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

ICBM operational test launch from missile base silo - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1981 March 5 - . Launch Site: Uzhur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

ICBM operational test launch from missile base silo - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1981 March 5 - . Launch Site: Uzhur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

ICBM operational test launch from missile base silo - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1981 March 6 - . Launch Site: Uzhur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

ICBM operational test launch from missile base silo - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1981 March 28 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC31. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz-U. FAILURE: Failure of launch vehicle.. Failed Stage: 2.

Yantar-2K s/n 979 - . Payload: Yantar-2K s/n 979. Mass: 6,600 kg (14,500 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Class: Surveillance. Type: Military surveillance satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Yantar. Spacecraft: Yantar-2K. Yantar Area survey photo reconnaissance spacecraft failed to achieve orbit..

1981 April 1 - . Launch Site: Nenoksa. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: Rif.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1981 April 1 - . Launch Site: Kartaly. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

ICBM operational test launch from missile base silo - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1981 April 3 - . Launch Site: Tatishchevo. Launch Vehicle: UR-100N.

ICBM operational test launch from missile base silo - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1981 April 12 - . Launch Site: Tatishchevo. Launch Vehicle: UR-100N.

ICBM operational test launch from missile base silo - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1981 April 18 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC172. LV Family: MR-UR-100. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100U 15A16.

Operational test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1981 April 22 - . Launch Site: Nenoksa. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: Rif.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 30 km (18 mi).

1981 April 28 - . Launch Site: Kartaly. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

ICBM operational test launch from missile base silo - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1981 April 29 - . Launch Site: Kartaly. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

ICBM operational test launch from missile base silo - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1981 June 16 - . Launch Site: Kostroma. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1981 July 9 - . Launch Site: Kostroma. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1981 July 15 - . Launch Site: Kostroma. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1981 July 23 - . Launch Site: Kostroma. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1981 August 24 - . 16:37 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.

Cosmos 1299 - . Mass: 3,800 kg (8,300 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: RORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval Radarsat. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-A. Decay Date: 1981-09-27 . USAF Sat Cat: 12809 . COSPAR: 1981-081E. Apogee: 962 km (597 mi). Perigee: 926 km (575 mi). Inclination: 65.10 deg. Period: 103.90 min. Ocean surveillance; nuclear powered..

1981 September 8 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100N. FAILURE: Failure.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1981 September 11 - . Launch Site: Bershet. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1981 September 14 - . Launch Site: Kostroma. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1981 September 14 - . 20:31 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/pad?. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-2.

Cosmos 1306 - . Mass: 3,000 kg (6,600 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Program: EORSAT. Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval SIGINT. Spacecraft Bus: Kosmoplan. Spacecraft: US-P. Decay Date: 1982-07-16 . USAF Sat Cat: 12828 . COSPAR: 1981-089A. Apogee: 424 km (263 mi). Perigee: 168 km (104 mi). Inclination: 65.00 deg. Period: 90.40 min. Ocean monitoring; replaced Cosmos 1260..

1981 September 18 - . Launch Site: Kostroma. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1981 September 18 - . 17:59 GMT - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: Vertikal' K65UP.

Gruziya-60-Spurt Active plasma mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,514 km (940 mi).

1981 September 21 - . 13:10 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC32/1. LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.

Oreol 3 - . Payload: AUOS-Z M-A-IK s/n 401. Mass: 1,000 kg (2,200 lb). Nation: France. Agency: RVSN. Manufacturer: Yuzhnoye. Program: Intercosmos. Class: Technology. Type: Navigation technology satellite. Spacecraft: AUOS. USAF Sat Cat: 12848 . COSPAR: 1981-094A. Apogee: 1,672 km (1,038 mi). Perigee: 394 km (244 mi). Inclination: 82.50 deg. Period: 105.80 min.
Carried Soviet/French magnetosphere and ionosphere experiments. Investigation of physical processes in the earth's magnetosphere and ionosphere, and study of the nature of polar aurorae. Carried scientific equipment developed by Soviet and French specialists under the joint Soviet-French project 'Arkad-3'.

1981 September 29 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC167. Launch Vehicle: Topol'.

First launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1981 November 27 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36MU 15A18.

ICBM operational test launch from missile base silo - . Nation: Kazakhstan. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1981 November 27 - . Launch Site: Nenoksa. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: Rif.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1981 December 1 - . Launch Site: Nenoksa. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: Rif.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1981 December 21 - . 18:37 GMT - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: Vertikal' K65UP.

Vertikal-10 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,500 km (900 mi).

1981 December 22 - . Launch Site: Nenoksa. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: Rif.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1982 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1982 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1982 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: MR-UR-100. Launch Vehicle: Perimetr 15A11.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1982 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1982 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1982 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1982 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1982 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1982 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1982 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL82-03 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1982 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL82-01 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1982 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: Vertikal' K65UP.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,500 km (900 mi).

1982 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: MR-UR-100. Launch Vehicle: Perimetr 15A11.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1982 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: MR-UR-100. Launch Vehicle: Perimetr 15A11.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1982 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL82-02 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1982 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1982 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: Vertikal' K65UP.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,500 km (900 mi).

1982 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1982 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1982 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1982 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1982 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: MR-UR-100. Launch Vehicle: Perimetr 15A11.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1982 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1982 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1982 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36MU 15A18.

DP operational test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1982 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1982 - . Launch Site: Kartaly. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36MU 15A18.

DP operational test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1982 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36MU 15A18.

DP operational test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1982 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1982 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1982 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1982 - . Launch Site: Teikovo. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

ICBM operational test launch from missile base silo - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1982 January 8 - . Launch Site: Tatishchevo. Launch Vehicle: UR-100N.

ICBM operational test launch from missile base silo - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1982 January 28 - . Launch Site: Nenoksa. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: Rif.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1982 January 28 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: MR-UR-100. Launch Vehicle: Perimetr 15A11. FAILURE: Failure.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1982 February 12 - . Launch Site: Nenoksa. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: Rif.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1982 February 16 - . Launch Site: Kostroma. LV Family: MR-UR-100. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100U 15A16.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1982 February 20 - . Launch Site: Kostroma. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1982 March 3 - . Launch Site: Nenoksa. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: Rif.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1982 March 22 - . Launch Site: Kostroma. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1982 March 23 - . Launch Site: Kostroma. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1982 April 11 - . Launch Site: Nenoksa. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: Rif.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1982 April 23 - . Launch Site: Nenoksa. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: Rif.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1982 May 20 - . Launch Site: Kostroma. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1982 June 9 - . Launch Site: Nenoksa. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: Rif.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1982 June 11 - . Launch Site: Bershet. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1982 June 18 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1982 June 18 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1982 June 18 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: Temp-2S. Launch Vehicle: Pioner.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1982 June 28 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36MU 15A18.

ICBM operational test launch from missile base silo - . Nation: Kazakhstan. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1982 June 29 - . Launch Site: White Sea Launch Area. Launch Platform: TK-208. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: Rif.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1982 July 15 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC109. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1982 July 21 - . Launch Site: White Sea Launch Area. Launch Platform: TK-208. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: Rif.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1982 July 22 - . Launch Site: White Sea Launch Area. Launch Platform: TK-208. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: Rif.

Mil variant - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1982 August 12 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC106. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1982 August 12 - . Launch Site: White Sea Launch Area. Launch Platform: TK-208. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: Rif.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1982 August 12 - . Launch Site: White Sea Launch Area. Launch Platform: TK-208. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: Rif.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1982 August 13 - . Launch Site: Gladkaya. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

ICBM operational test launch from missile base silo - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1982 September 1 - . Launch Site: White Sea Launch Area. Launch Platform: TK-208. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: Rif.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1982 September 1 - . Launch Site: White Sea Launch Area. Launch Platform: TK-208. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: Rif.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1982 September 1 - . Launch Site: White Sea Launch Area. Launch Platform: TK-208. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: Rif.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1982 October 14 - . Launch Site: White Sea Launch Area. Launch Pad: 65.5 N x 38.0 E. Launch Platform: TK-208. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: Rif.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi). Launched from White Sea Launch Area, Beloye More, Archangel'sk Oblast' - Latitude: 65.50 N - Longitude: 38.00 E..

1982 October 14 - . Launch Site: White Sea Launch Area. Launch Pad: 65.5 N x 38.0 E. Launch Platform: TK-208. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: Rif.

Silo Test launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1982 October 14 - . Launch Site: White Sea Launch Area. Launch Pad: 65.5 N x 38.0 E. Launch Platform: TK-208. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: Rif.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi). Launched from White Sea Launch Area, Beloye More, Archangel'sk Oblast' - Latitude: 65.50 N - Longitude: 38.00 E..

1982 October 21 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35S.

SLI - . Nation: Kazakhstan. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1982 October 26 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC163. Launch Pad: LC163 ShPU-2. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: RT-23 15Zh44.

silo - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1982 October 27 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Vehicle: Topol'.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1982 December 1 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: RT-23 15Zh44.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1982 December 2 - . Launch Site: White Sea Launch Area. Launch Platform: TK-208. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: Rif.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1982 December 5 - . 01:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: RT-23U 15Zh60.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1982 December 8 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35S.

SLI - . Nation: Kazakhstan. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1982 December 12 - . Launch Site: White Sea Launch Area. Launch Platform: TK-208. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: Rif.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1982 December 12 - . Launch Site: White Sea Launch Area. Launch Platform: TK-208. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: Rif.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1982 December 12 - . Launch Site: White Sea Launch Area. Launch Platform: TK-208. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: Rif.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1982 December 22 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35S. FAILURE: Failure.

SLI missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1982 December 23 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC109. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1983 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1983 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36MU 15A18.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1983 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36MU 15A18.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1983 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1983 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1983 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1983 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1983 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1983 - . Launch Site: Sea Launch Area. Launch Pad: BELA. Launch Platform: TAIFUN. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: Rif.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1983 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1983 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1983 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1983 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1983 - . Launch Site: Okhotsk. Launch Platform: PLBR. LV Family: R-27. Launch Vehicle: Zyb.

Operational test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1983 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: RT-23 15Zh44.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1983 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: RT-23 15Zh44.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1983 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36MU 15A18.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1983 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1983 - . Launch Site: Teikovo. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

ICBM operational test launch from missile base silo - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1983 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35S.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1983 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1983 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1983 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1983 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1983 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36MU 15A18.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1983 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: Vertikal' K65UP.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,500 km (900 mi).

1983? - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17VTO.

UGCh ZLKI 1 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 86 km (53 mi).

1983? - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17VTO.

UGCh ZLKI 2 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 86 km (53 mi).

1983 - . Launch Site: Sea Launch Area. Launch Pad: BELA. Launch Platform: TAIFUN. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: Rif.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1983 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35S.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1983 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1983 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35S.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1983 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35S.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1983 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35S.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1983 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: MR-UR-100. Launch Vehicle: Perimetr 15A11.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1983 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1983 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1983 - . Launch Site: Tatishchevo. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35.

ICBM operational test launch from missile base silo - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1983 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1983 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1983 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35S.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1983 - . Launch Site: Teikovo. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

ICBM operational test launch from missile base silo - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1983 January 28 - . Launch Site: Tatishchevo. Launch Vehicle: UR-100N.

ICBM operational test launch from missile base silo - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1983 February 8 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Topol'.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1983 February 17 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC106. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1983 March 3 - . Launch Site: Kostroma. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1983 March 3 - . Launch Site: Kostroma. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1983 March 30 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC106. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1983 May 1 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: RT-23 15Zh44.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1983 May 4 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Topol'.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1983 May 30 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Topol'.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1983 June 27 - . Launch Site: Nenoksa. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: Rif.

Kura - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1983 July 14 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC109. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1983 July 19 - . Launch Site: Derzhavinsk. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

ICBM operational test launch from missile base silo - . Nation: Kazakhstan. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1983 August 10 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Topol'.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1983 September 2 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35. FAILURE: Failure.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1983 September 4 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: RT-23 15Zh44.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1983 Q4? - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Topol'.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1983 October 4 - . Launch Site: Kostroma. LV Family: MR-UR-100. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100U 15A16.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1983 October 11 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC109. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

SLI missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1983 November 22 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: RT-23 15Zh44.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1984 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL84-06 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1984 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL84-05 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1984 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL84-04 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1984 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL84-03 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1984 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL84-02 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1984 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL84-01 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1984 - . Launch Site: Kartaly. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1984 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100M.

Operational test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1984 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL84-08 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1984 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100M.

Operational test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1984 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1984 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1984 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100M.

Operational test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1984 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1984 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100N.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1984 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Topol'.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1984 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Topol'.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1984 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Topol'.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1984 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1984 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL84-07 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1984 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1984 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1984 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1984 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1984 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1984 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1984 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1984 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1984 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1984 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Topol'.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1984 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1984 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Topol'.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1984 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1984 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1984 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1984 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1984 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1984 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1984 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1984 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Topol'.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1984 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1984 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: R-12. Launch Vehicle: K63.

Dzho 1 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN.

1984? - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17VTO.

UGCh ZLKI 3 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 86 km (53 mi).

1984 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1984 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1984 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1984 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1984 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1984 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1984 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: MR-UR-100. Launch Vehicle: Perimetr 15A11.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1984 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: UR-100N.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1984 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1984 January 18 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC163. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: RT-23 15Zh52.

rail - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1984 February 16 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: RT-23 15Zh44.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1984 March 28 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: RT-23 15Zh52.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1984 April 27 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36MU 15A18.

ICBM operational test launch from missile base silo - . Nation: Kazakhstan. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1984 May 25 - . Launch Site: Bershet. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1984 June 22 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: RT-23 15Zh52.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1984 Q3 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Topol'.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1984 Q3? - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: RT-23 15Zh52.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1984 Q3? - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: RT-23 15Zh52.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1984 July 10 - . Launch Site: Tatishchevo. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35.

ICBM operational test launch from missile base silo - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1984 September 24 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17VTO.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 86 km (53 mi).

1984 Q4? - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: RT-23 15Zh52.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1984 Q4? - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: RT-23 15Zh52.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1984 Q4? - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: RT-23 15Zh52.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1984 October 2 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Topol'.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1984 October 31 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17VTO.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 86 km (53 mi).

1984 November 13 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: MR-UR-100. Launch Vehicle: Perimetr 15A11.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1984 November 13 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36MU 15A18.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1984 November 20 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Topol'.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1984 December 6 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35S. FAILURE: Failure.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1984 December 26 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: RT-23 15Zh52.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1985 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL85-01 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1985 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1985 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1985 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1985 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1985 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1985 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1985 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1985 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Topol'.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1985 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17VTO.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 86 km (53 mi).

1985 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1985 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1985 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1985 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1985 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1985 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1985 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1985 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1985 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1985 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1985 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1985 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1985 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1985 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1985 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: RT-23U 15Zh61.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1985 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: RT-23U 15Zh61.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1985 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: RT-23U 15Zh61.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1985 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL85-02 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1985 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL85-03 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1985 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL85-04 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1985 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL85-05 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1985 - . Launch Site: Teikovo. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

ICBM operational test launch from missile base silo - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1985 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: RT-23U 15Zh61.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1985 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1985 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: RT-23U 15Zh61.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1985? - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17VTO.

UGCh ZLKI 7 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 86 km (53 mi).

1985 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: RT-23U 15Zh61.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1985 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1985 January 29 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Topol'.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1985 February 27 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: RT-23U 15Zh61.

rail - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1985 April 15 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: RT-23 15Zh52.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1985 April 22 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Topol'.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1985 May 22 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: Temp-2S. Launch Vehicle: Pioner.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1985 June 14 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Topol'.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1985 June 18 - . 23:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: Temp-2S. Launch Vehicle: Pioner.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1985 August 14 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Topol'.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1985 August 25 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Topol'.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1985 September 20 - . Launch Site: Uzhur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36MU 15A18.

ICBM operational test launch from missile base silo - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1985 October 4 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Topol'.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1985 October 24 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Topol'.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1985 December 23 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Topol'.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1986 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1986 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1986 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1986 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1986 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1986 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1986 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1986 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1986 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1986 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1986 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1986 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1986 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1986 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1986 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: RT-23U 15Zh60.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1986 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL86-01 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1986 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL86-02 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1986 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: RT-23U 15Zh61.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1986 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: RT-23U 15Zh61.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1986 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: RT-23U 15Zh61.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1986 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: RT-23U 15Zh61.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1986 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: RT-23U 15Zh61.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1986 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: RT-23U 15Zh60.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1986 - . Launch Site: Derzhavinsk. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36MU 15A18.

ICBM operational test launch from missile base silo - . Nation: Kazakhstan. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1986 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Topol'.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1986 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: R-12. Launch Vehicle: K63.

BAMBUK-M - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN.

1986 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35S.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1986 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17VTO.

UGCh ZLKI 8 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 86 km (53 mi).

1986 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: RT-23U 15Zh60.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1986 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: RT-23U 15Zh60.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1986 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: RT-23U 15Zh60.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1986 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36MU 15A18.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1986 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Topol'.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1986 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: RT-23U 15Zh61.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1986 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Topol'.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1986 Mar? - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17VTO.

UGCh LKI III-1 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 86 km (53 mi).

1986 March 23 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M2 15A18M. FAILURE: Failure.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1986 April 11 - . Launch Site: Gladkaya. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

ICBM operational test launch from missile base silo - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1986 June 6 - . Launch Site: Bershet. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1986 July 31 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: RT-23U 15Zh60.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1986 Aug - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: Tochka. Launch Vehicle: Tochka-U.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 26 km (16 mi).

1986 August 21 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M2 15A18M. FAILURE: Failure.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1986 September 14 - . Launch Site: Uzhur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36MU 15A18.

ICBM operational test launch from missile base silo - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1986 Nov - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Topol'.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1986 November 27 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M2 15A18M. FAILURE: Failure.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1986 December 9 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35.

LKI - . Nation: Kazakhstan. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi). Not in XPC.

1987 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1987 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36MU 15A18.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1987 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1987 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1987 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1987 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1987 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1987 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1987 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1987 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36MU 15A18.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1987 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1987 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1987 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1987 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1987 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1987 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M2 15A18M.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1987 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M2 15A18M.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1987 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M2 15A18M.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1987 - . Launch Site: Teikovo. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

ICBM operational test launch from missile base silo - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1987 - . Launch Site: Teikovo. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

ICBM operational test launch from missile base silo - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1987 - . Launch Site: Teikovo. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

ICBM operational test launch from missile base silo - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1987 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M2 15A18M.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1987 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Topol'.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1987 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1987 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Topol'.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1987 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1987 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M2 15A18M.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1987 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M2 15A18M.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1987 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: R-12. Launch Vehicle: K63.

Pchela-2 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN.

1987 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M2 15A18M.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1987 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1987 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1987 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1987 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Topol'.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1987 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: RT-23U 15Zh60.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1987 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1987 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35.

UBP - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1987 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: RT-23U 15Zh60.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1987 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: RT-23U 15Zh60.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1987 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: RT-23U 15Zh60.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1987 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: RT-23U 15Zh60.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1987 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: RT-23U 15Zh60.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1987 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: RT-23U 15Zh60.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1987 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1987 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Vehicle: Oka.

Flight KY 104 (last) - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 120 km (70 mi).

1987 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: RT-23U 15Zh61.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1987 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1987 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1987 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: RT-23U 15Zh61.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1987 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1987 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1987 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1987 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1987 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1987 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M2 15A18M.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1987 - . Launch Site: Kartaly. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M2 15A18M.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1987 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1987 January 16 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36MU 15A18. FAILURE: Failure.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1987 January 21 - . Launch Site: Bershet. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1987 January 29 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: RT-2. Launch Vehicle: RT-2P.

RT2 PL87-01 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1987 February 12 - . Launch Site: Tatishchevo. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35.

Trajectory Test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1987 March 1 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Vehicle: Topol'.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1.00 km (0.60 mi).

1987 April 26 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Topol'.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1987 May 20 - . Launch Site: Kostroma. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1987 May 23 - . Launch Site: Kostroma. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1987 Jun - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Topol'.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1987 June 5 - . Launch Site: Tatishchevo. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35. FAILURE: Failure.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1987 June 9 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M2 15A18M. FAILURE: Failure.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1987 Jul - . Launch Site: Uzhur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36MU 15A18.

ICBM operational test launch from missile base silo - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1987 Jul - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Topol'.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1987 July 23 - . Launch Site: Uzhur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36MU 15A18.

ICBM operational test launch from missile base silo - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1987 September 30 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M2 15A18M. FAILURE: Failure.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1987 October 2 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36MU 15A18.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1987 December 3 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35.

UBP - . Nation: Kazakhstan. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi). Not in XPC.

1987 December 22 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: RT-23U 15Zh61.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1987 December 23 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Topol'.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1987 December 25 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M2 15A18M.

SLI - . Nation: Kazakhstan. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1988 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1988 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1988 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: RT-23U 15Zh60.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1988 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1988 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1988 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1988 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1988 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1988 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1988 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: RT-23U 15Zh60.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1988 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: RT-23U 15Zh60.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1988 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1988 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: RT-23U 15Zh60.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1988 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1988 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1988 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1988 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1988 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36MU 15A18.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1988 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1988 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M2 15A18M.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1988 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1988 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1988 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M2 15A18M.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1988 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1988 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1988 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1988 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1988 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: MR-UR-100. Launch Vehicle: Perimetr 15A11.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1988 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35.

Combat training launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1988 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M2 15A18M.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1988 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M2 15A18M.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1988 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M2 15A18M.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1988 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1988 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1988 - . Launch Site: Okhotsk. Launch Platform: PLBR. LV Family: R-27. Launch Vehicle: Zyb.

Final OT operational test launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1988 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1988 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1988 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36MU 15A18.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1988 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: RT-23U 15Zh60.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1988 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1988 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Topol'.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1988 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1988 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1988 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36MU 15A18.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1988 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Topol'.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1988 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1988 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1988 February 17 - . 00:23 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC200/39. LV Family: Proton. Launch Vehicle: Proton-K/DM-2. FAILURE: Block DM-2 failure, remained in LEO..

Cosmos 1919 - . Payload: Glonass s/n 36L. Mass: 1,400 kg (3,000 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Class: Navigation. Type: Navigation satellite. Spacecraft: Glonass. Decay Date: 1988-02-17 . USAF Sat Cat: 18857 . COSPAR: 1988-009C. Apogee: 194 km (120 mi). Perigee: 166 km (103 mi). Inclination: 64.80 deg. Period: 87.90 min.
Triple Glonass launch; three satellites (Cosmos 1917, 1918, 1919) failed to separate. A Proton carrier rocket was put into staging orbit to test components, also apparatus for a space navigation system. The satellites were not put into their designed orbit owing to a malfunction in the separation assembly controls.

Cosmos 1918 - . Payload: Glonass s/n 37L. Mass: 1,400 kg (3,000 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Class: Navigation. Type: Navigation satellite. Spacecraft: Glonass. Decay Date: 1988-02-17 . USAF Sat Cat: 18857 . COSPAR: 1988-009B. Apogee: 194 km (120 mi). Perigee: 166 km (103 mi). Inclination: 64.80 deg. Period: 87.90 min.
Triple Glonass launch; three satellites (Cosmos 1917, 1918, 1919) failed to separate. A Proton carrier rocket was put into staging orbit to test components, also apparatus for a space navigation system. The satellites were not put into their designed orbit owing to a malfunction in the separation assembly controls.

1988 March 18 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M2 15A18M. FAILURE: Failure.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1988 April 29 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Topol'.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1988 July 5 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Topol'.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1988 July 18 - . Launch Site: Derzhavinsk. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36MU 15A18.

ICBM operational test launch from missile base silo - . Nation: Kazakhstan. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1988 August 26 - . Launch Site: Drovyanaya. LV Family: Temp-2S. Launch Vehicle: Pioner UTTKh.

INF Destruct 1 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1988 Aug 26? - . Launch Site: Kansk. LV Family: Temp-2S. Launch Vehicle: Pioner UTTKh.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1988 Sep - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: Tochka. Launch Vehicle: Tochka-U.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 26 km (16 mi).

1988 September 26 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: RT-23U 15Zh60.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1988 Oct - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Topol'.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1988 December 19 - . Launch Site: Derzhavinsk. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36MU 15A18.

ICBM operational test launch from missile base silo - . Nation: Kazakhstan. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1988 December 29 - . Launch Site: Drovyanaya. LV Family: Temp-2S. Launch Vehicle: Pioner UTTKh.

INF Destruct 71 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1988 December 29 - . Launch Site: Kansk. LV Family: Temp-2S. Launch Vehicle: Pioner UTTKh.

INF Destruct 72 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1989 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1989 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Topol'.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1989 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1989 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M2 15A18M.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1989 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1989 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1989 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1989 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1989 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1989 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M2 15A18M.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1989 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Topol'.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1989 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1989 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1989 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1989 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M2 15A18M.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1989 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Topol'.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1989 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1989 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1989 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1989 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1989 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M2 15A18M.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1989 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1989 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M2 15A18M.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1989 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1989 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1989 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Topol'.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1989 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1989 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1989 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M2 15A18M.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1989 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Topol'.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1989 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1989 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Topol'.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1989 February 22 - . Launch Site: Bershet. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

ICBM operational test launch from missile base silo - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1989 March 16 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Kuryer.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1.00 km (0.60 mi).

1989 Sep - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17VTO.

UGCh LKI III-22 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 86 km (53 mi).

1989 September 15 - . Launch Site: Bershet. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

ICBM operational test launch from missile base silo - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1989 October 1 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: RT-23U 15Zh61.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1989 October 27 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Topol'.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1990 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1990 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Kuryer.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1.00 km (0.60 mi).

1990 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Kuryer.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1.00 km (0.60 mi).

1990 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1990 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1990 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1990 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1990 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1990 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1990 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1990 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1990 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1990 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1990 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1990 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1990 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1990 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1990 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1990 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1990 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1990 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1990 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1990 February 28 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1990 February 28 - . 14:30 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Topol'.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1990 March 29 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35P.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1990 March 29 - . 07:45 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Topol'.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1990 May 15 - . 13:10 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: RT-23U 15Zh60.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1990 May 17 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36MU 15A18.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1990 May 21 - . 19:20 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Topol'.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1990 May 25 - . 08:10 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: RT-23U 15Zh61.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1990 June 12 - . 03:30 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M2 15A18M.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1990 July 17 - . Launch Site: Bershet. LV Family: UR-100. Launch Vehicle: UR-100K.

ICBM operational test launch from missile base silo - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1990 July 31 - . 12:55 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Topol'.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1990 August 8 - . 11:50 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: Topol'. Launch Vehicle: Perimetr-RTs.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1990 August 16 - . 07:20 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Topol'.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1990 August 17 - . 10:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36MU 15A18.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1990 August 29 - . 05:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M2 15A18M.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1990 October 17 - . 13:50 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: Topol'. Launch Vehicle: Perimetr-RTs.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1990 November 1 - . 14:30 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: Topol'. Launch Vehicle: Perimetr-RTs.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1990 November 27 - . 09:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Topol'.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1990 December 11 - . 07:40 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M2 15A18M.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1990 December 21 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35P.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1990 December 25 - . 14:40 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: Topol'. Launch Vehicle: Perimetr-RTs.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1990 December 25 - . 15:49 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Topol'.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1991 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1991 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1991 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: Oka. Launch Vehicle: Iskander.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 50 km (31 mi).

1991 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: Oka. Launch Vehicle: Iskander.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 50 km (31 mi).

1991 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1991 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1991 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: Oka. Launch Vehicle: Iskander.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 50 km (31 mi).

1991 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1991 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1991 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1991 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: Oka. Launch Vehicle: Iskander.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 50 km (31 mi).

1991 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1991 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1991 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: Oka. Launch Vehicle: Iskander.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 50 km (31 mi).

1991 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1991 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1991 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1991 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1991 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1991 February 7 - . 08:15 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Topol'.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1991 April 5 - . 14:05 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Topol'.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1991 May 28 - . 12:05 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M2 15A18M.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1991 May 30 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Kuryer.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1.00 km (0.60 mi).

1991 June 25 - . 17:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Topol'.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1991 August 15 - . 12:05 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1991 August 19 - . 22:55 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Topol'.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1991 September 12 - . 12:45 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M2 15A18M.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1991 September 17 - . 10:20 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36MU 15A18.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1991 October 2 - . 15:50 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Topol'.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1991 October 10 - . 11:05 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M2 15A18M.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1991 November 20 - . 08:05 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36MU 15A18.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1991 November 26 - . 02:30 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35P.

State trials missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1991 November 28 - . 07:10 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M2 15A18M.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1992 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: Oka. Launch Vehicle: Iskander.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 50 km (31 mi).

1992 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1992 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1992 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1992 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1992 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1992 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1992 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1992 July 28 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35P.

Joint flight trials launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1992 December 1 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35. FAILURE: Failure.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1992 December 9 - . 00:00 GMT - . Launch Pad: Pacific Ocean, 40.0 N x 170.0 E. Launch Platform: PLBR. LV Family: R-27. Launch Vehicle: Zyb.

Efir Technology mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). Payload was the 650-kilogram Efir reentry vehicle with the 80-kilogram Meduza biomedical zero-G experiment. The capsule was recovered, but it was found that the experiment failed to function..

1993 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1993 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1993 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1993 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1993 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1993 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1993 February 25 - . 13:40 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Topol'.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1993 July 23 - . 08:22 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Topol'.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1993 December 1 - . Launch Pad: Pacific Ocean, 40.0 N x 170.0 E. Launch Platform: PLBR. LV Family: R-27. Launch Vehicle: Zyb.

Efir - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). Payload was the 650-kilogram Efir reentry vehicle with the 80-kilogram Meduza biomedical zero-G experiment. The capsule was recovered, the experiment was successful..

1994 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1994 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1994 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1994 June 22 - . 08:22 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Topol'.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1994 September 23 - . 15:15 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Topol'.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1994 November 10 - . 07:30 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Topol'.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1994 December 20 - . 08:50 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk Yu-1. LV Family: Topol'. Launch Vehicle: Topol'-M.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1995 March 28 - . 10:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC158. LV Family: Topol'. Launch Vehicle: Start. FAILURE: Fell in Sea of Okhotsk.. Failed Stage: 3.

Gurwin 1 - . Payload: TECHSAT-1. Mass: 50 kg (110 lb). Nation: Israel. Agency: RVSN. Class: Technology. Type: Navigation technology satellite. Spacecraft: Gurwin. Decay Date: 1995-03-28 .

EKA - . Payload: EKA-2. Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Class: Technology. Type: Navigation technology satellite. Spacecraft: EKA. Eksperimentalniy Kosmicheskiy Apparat - dummy of test satellite..

Oscar 29 - . Payload: ENB UNAMSAT A. Nation: Mexico. Agency: RVSN. Program: Oscar. Class: Communications. Type: Amateur radio communications satellite. Spacecraft: Oscar. UNAMSAT was an AMSAT Microsat class amateur radio satellite built by UNAM, the Autonomous University of Mexico..

1995 April 14 - . 11:30 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Topol'.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1995 June 6 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Topol'.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi). or 1996 Jun 6?.

1995 June 8 - . 12:45 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1995 September 5 - . 07:50 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: Topol'. Launch Vehicle: Topol'-M.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1995 October 10 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Topol'.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1995 November 2 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1996 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1996 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: Oka. Launch Vehicle: Iskander-M.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 50 km (31 mi).

1996 - . Launch Site: Nenoksa. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: Grom. FAILURE: Failure.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN, VMF. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1996 April 17 - . 07:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Topol'.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1996 June 6 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35.

Operational test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1996 July 25 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: Topol'. Launch Vehicle: Topol'-M.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1996 October 3 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Topol'.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1996 November 9 - . 08:50 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Topol'.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1996 November 29 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: RT-23U 15Zh61.

rail - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1997 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: Oka. Launch Vehicle: Iskander.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 50 km (31 mi).

1997 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1997 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1997? - . Launch Site: Nenoksa. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: Grom. FAILURE: Failure.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN, VMF. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1997 April 17 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36MU 15A18.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1997 June 9 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1997 July 8 - . 12:25 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: Topol'. Launch Vehicle: Topol'-M.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1997 October 3 - . 07:07 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Topol'.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1997 November 19 - . Launch Site: Nenoksa. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: Grom. FAILURE: Failure.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN, VMF. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1998 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1998 April 15 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M2 15A18M.

Dnepr Demo test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1998 April 29 - . 04:36 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC200/39. LV Family: Proton. Launch Vehicle: Proton-K/DM-2.

Cosmos 2350 - . Payload: SPRN Generation 2 No. 4. Mass: 1,900 kg (4,100 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Manufacturer: Lavochkin bureau. Class: Communications. Type: Military communications satellite. Spacecraft: Prognoz SPRN. Completed Operations Date: 1998-07-06 . USAF Sat Cat: 25315 . COSPAR: 1998-025A. Apogee: 35,793 km (22,240 mi). Perigee: 35,788 km (22,237 mi). Inclination: 2.10 deg. Period: 1,436.30 min. Geostationary at 73.0 degrees E. Positioned in geosynchronous orbit at 80 deg E in 1998 As of 3 September 2001 located at 72.67 deg E drifting at 0.041 deg E per day. As of 2007 Mar 11 located at 70.07E drifting at 0.036W degrees per day..

1998 July 10 - . 06:30 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC45/1. LV Family: Zenit. Launch Vehicle: Zenit-2.

Gurwin Techsat 1B - . Mass: 50 kg (110 lb). Nation: Israel. Agency: RVSN. Manufacturer: Technion. Class: Technology. Type: Navigation technology satellite. Spacecraft: Gurwin. USAF Sat Cat: 25397 . COSPAR: 1998-043D. Apogee: 819 km (508 mi). Perigee: 817 km (507 mi). Inclination: 98.80 deg. Period: 101.30 min. Built by Technion-Israel Institute of Technology. Replaced earlier Russian-launched Techsat which failed to orbit in 1995..

1998 September 16 - . 11:10 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Topol'.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1998 October 7 - . 12:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35.

Operational test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1998 October 22 - . 12:53 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: Topol'. Launch Vehicle: Topol'-M. FAILURE: Failure.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1998 December 8 - . 11:25 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: Topol'. Launch Vehicle: Topol'-M.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1998 December 9 - . 10:20 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: RT-23U 15Zh61.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1998 December 10 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35.

Operational test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1998 December 10 - . 11:57 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC132/1. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M.

Astrid-2 - . Mass: 30 kg (66 lb). Nation: Sweden. Agency: RVSN. Manufacturer: SSC. Class: Earth. Type: Magnetosphere satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Astrid 1. Spacecraft: Astrid-2. USAF Sat Cat: 25568 . COSPAR: 1998-072B. Apogee: 1,011 km (628 mi). Perigee: 973 km (604 mi). Inclination: 83.00 deg. Period: 105.00 min. Swedish Space Corporation micro-satellite Astrid-2 was ejected from the Nadezdha 5 COSPAS satellite at 15:25 GMT and was to measure the auroral electromagnetic fields and particle environment..

1999 April 28 - . 20:30 GMT - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M.

Megsat-0 - . Mass: 35 kg (77 lb). Nation: Italy. Agency: RVSN. Manufacturer: MegSat. Class: Technology. Type: Communications technology satellite. Spacecraft: Megsat. Decay Date: 2003-11-04 . USAF Sat Cat: 25722 . COSPAR: 1999-022B. Apogee: 597 km (370 mi). Perigee: 544 km (338 mi). Inclination: 48.50 deg. A small technology satellite which carried an experimental high rate data transmission payload..

1999 June 3 - . 14:20 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: Topol'. Launch Vehicle: Topol'-M.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1999 July 5 - . 13:32 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC81/24. LV Family: Proton. Launch Vehicle: Proton/Briz K/M. FAILURE: Second stage explosion.. Failed Stage: 2.

Raduga - . Payload: Raduga s/n 45L. Mass: 1,954 kg (4,307 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Class: Communications. Type: Military communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: KAUR-3. Spacecraft: Raduga. Apogee: 30 km (18 mi).
Carried a Russian Defence Ministry communications satellite. First attempted flight of the Khrunichev Briz-M upper stage in place of the usual Block DM. After the second stage explosion the remainder of the vehicle survived for 45 seconds before breaking up. Debris landed near Karaganda. As a result of this accident the Kazakh government suspended launches from Baikonur pending Russian agreement to pay back part of rent owed.

1999 August 29 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R. FAILURE: Failure. Failed Stage: 1.

Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

1999 September 3 - . 11:44 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: Topol'. Launch Vehicle: Topol'-M.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1999 October 1 - . 08:42 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Topol'.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1999 October 20 - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC175/2. Launch Pad: LC175/pad?. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1999 November 17 - . Launch Site: Barents Sea Launch Area. Launch Pad: 69.5 N x 34.2 E. Launch Platform: TK-20. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: Rif.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1999 November 17 - . Launch Site: Barents Sea Launch Area. Launch Pad: 69.5 N x 34.2 E. Launch Platform: TK-20. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: Rif.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1999 December 14 - . 08:05 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: Topol'. Launch Vehicle: Topol'-M.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

2000 February 9 - . 09:59 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: Topol'. Launch Vehicle: Topol'-M.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

2000 July 15 - . 12:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC132/1. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M.

Rubin - . Nation: Germany. Agency: RVSN. Manufacturer: Bremen. Class: Technology. Type: Navigation technology satellite. Spacecraft: Rubin. Decay Date: 2001-08-30 . USAF Sat Cat: 26406 . COSPAR: 2000-039C. Apogee: 463 km (288 mi). Perigee: 411 km (255 mi). Inclination: 87.26 deg. Period: 93.23 min. Rubin was a microsatellite to measure launch vehicle parameters developed by OHB and students of the Hochschule Bremen. Rubin remained attached to the payload adapter of the Kosmos-3M final stage..

2000 September 26 - . 11:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: Topol'. Launch Vehicle: Topol'-M.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

2000 September 27 - . 09:50 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC167. LV Family: Topol'. Launch Vehicle: Topol'-M 15Zh55.

Test mission - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

2000 October 11 - . 09:30 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Topol'.

Operational test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

2000 November 1 - . 10:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC175/2. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

2001 February 16 - . 10:43 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Topol'.

Operational test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

2001 June 27 - . 04:35 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC132. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35.

OT (KGCh-2?) operational test launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

2001 October 3 - . 09:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Topol'.

Operational test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

2001 October 26 - . 12:33 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC175/2. Launch Pad: LC175/pad?. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

2001 November 1 - . 15:20 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Topol'.

MRV Test Kura - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi). Topol ICBM test launched from Plesetsk to Kamchatka..

2002 June 6 - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: Topol'. Launch Vehicle: Topol'-M 15Zh55.

Operational test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

2002 October 12 - . 09:52 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Topol'.

Operational test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

2002 December 10 - . 05:15 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC132. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35.

OT 6RVs operational test launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi). Suborbital ICBM test with dummy warhead. Test delayed from November 1, December 5..

2003 March 27 - . 09:27 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Topol'.

Operational test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

2003 December 11 - . Launch Site: White Sea Launch Area. Launch Pad: 65.5 N x 38.0 E. Launch Platform: TK-208. LV Family: R-39. Launch Vehicle: Grom.

RSM-52M / R-39UTTKh / Grom test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi). Launched from White Sea Launch Area, Beloye More, Archangel'sk Oblast' - Latitude: 65.50 N - Longitude: 38.00 E..

2004 February 18 - . 09:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi). Launched during a nationwide military exercise..

2004 February 18 - . 10:38 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Topol'.

Kura R&D payload? - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi). Launched during a nationwide military exercise..

2004 April 20 - . 17:30 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: Topol'. Launch Vehicle: Topol'-M 15Zh55.

Pacific operational test launch - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

2004 August 11 - . 10:25 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

2004 November 2 - . 09:52 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Topol'.

Topol ICBM Test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

2004 December 22 - . 08:30 GMT - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M2 15A18M.

R-36M2 ICBM demonstration flight - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).
The sixteen-year old missile was launched from an operational ICBM base and its dummy warheads impacted in the test range on the Kamchatka Peninsula after a 6,000 kilometer flight. The test was touted as a demonstration of use of the surplus ICBM's, launched directly from their silos, for launch of commerical orbital payloads, in lieu of more expensive decommissioning. Others saw it as the beginning of the development of Dombarovskiy into a new spaceport, on Russian soil, in replacement of Baikonur.

2004 December 24 - . 09:39 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: Topol'. Launch Vehicle: Topol'-M 15Zh55.

Kura (at 1003) - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

2005 September 27 - . 13:22 GMT - . Launch Site: White Sea Launch Area. Launch Pad: 65.5 N x 38.0 E. Launch Platform: TK-208. LV Family: Topol'. Launch Vehicle: Bulava.

Bulava SLBM first flight. - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi). SLBM Development - first flight of new SLBM. Launched from TK-208 Dmitry Donskoy in the White Sea Launch Area..

2005 October 20 - . 07:30 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC175/2. Launch Pad: LC175/pad?. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35.

OT Kura - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

2005 November 1 - . 17:10 GMT - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Vehicle: Topol'.

Topol M test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).
Evasive Warhead ICBM Test. The missile was said to have entered a lower suborbital trajectory than was standard, and the warhead to have made evasive maneuvers both in space and during re-entry. This was said to give the system an 87% chance of penetrating planned American ballistic missile defence systems.

2005 November 29 - . 07:44 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Topol'.

PBS test 1 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

2005 December 21 - . 05:19 GMT - . Launch Site: White Sea Launch Area. Launch Pad: 65.5 N x 38.0 E. Launch Platform: TK-208. LV Family: Topol'. Launch Vehicle: Bulava.

Bulava SLBM test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi). First submerged launch of the Bulava SLBM. Hit the designated impact area at Kura in the Kamchatka Peninsula..

2006 April 22 - . 15:40 GMT - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107?/pad?. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: K65M-R.

PBS test 2 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 675 km (419 mi).

2006 July 12 - . 14:53 GMT - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: Dnepr.

Genesis 1 - . Mass: 1,360 kg (2,990 lb). Nation: USA. Agency: RVSN. Manufacturer: Bigelow. Class: Technology. Type: Navigation technology satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Bigelow. Spacecraft: Genesis Pathfinder. USAF Sat Cat: 29252 . COSPAR: 2006-029A. Apogee: 565 km (351 mi). Perigee: 552 km (342 mi). Inclination: 64.50 deg. Period: 95.80 min. One third scale version of the privately-financed Nautilus inflatable human space habitat module..

2006 August 3 - . 10:38 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Topol'.

Kura (at 1104) - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

2006 November 9 - . 11:35 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC175/2. Launch Pad: LC175/pad?. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35.

Operational missile test - . Nation: Kazakhstan. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

2007 May 29 - . 10:20 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: Topol'. Launch Vehicle: Yars.

ICBM Test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).
First test of a new Russian heavyweight, mobile, solid propellant ICBM. The multiple test warheads were said to have impacted on target 5,500 km down range in the Kura Test Range in the Kamchatka Peninsula. Although development must have been underway for some time, the launch was touted as a reply to American plans to install ABM system elements in the Czech Republic and Poland.

2007 October 18 - . 05:10 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Topol'.

Kura OT - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

2007 October 29 - . 09:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC175/2. Launch Pad: LC175/pad?. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35.

Operational test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

2007 December 8 - . 14:43 GMT - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Vehicle: Topol'.

Balkhash - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

2007 December 25 - . 13:10 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: Topol'. Launch Vehicle: Yars.

Kura? - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

2008 August 8 - . Launch Site: North Ossetia. LV Family: Oka. Launch Vehicle: Iskander-M.

S Ossetia war - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 50 km (31 mi).

2008 November 26 - . 13:20 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: Topol'. Launch Vehicle: Yars.

RS-24 RV-1 - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN.

2009 April 10 - . 08:10 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Topol'.

Topol Test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi). Op Test.

2009 December 10 - . 11:35 GMT - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Vehicle: Topol'.

Topol test - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. ICBM test, flew to impact area at Sary Shagan..

2009 December 24 - . 06:30 GMT - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M2 15A18M.

RV x 10? - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi). Test.

2011 September 27 - . 07:08 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: Topol'. Launch Vehicle: Rubezh.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 5.00 km (3.10 mi).

2012 May 23 - . 06:15 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: Topol'. Launch Vehicle: Rubezh.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

2012 October 24 - . 18:28 GMT - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: Topol'. Launch Vehicle: Rubezh.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

2013 Sep 27? - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35.

Hypersonic RV - . Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

2013 October 30 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: Oka. Launch Vehicle: Iskander-M.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 50 km (31 mi).

2013 October 30 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: Tochka. Launch Vehicle: Tochka-U.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 26 km (16 mi).

2013 October 30 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: Tochka. Launch Vehicle: Tochka-U.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 26 km (16 mi).

2013 October 30 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: Tochka. Launch Vehicle: Tochka-U.

Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 26 km (16 mi).

Home - Search - Browse - Alphabetic Index: 0- 1- 2- 3- 4- 5- 6- 7- 8- 9
A- B- C- D- E- F- G- H- I- J- K- L- M- N- O- P- Q- R- S- T- U- V- W- X- Y- Z