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Saturn I

Saturn 1 Geneology

Saturn 1 Geneology
Credit: © Mark Wade

American orbital launch vehicle. Von Braun launch vehicle known as 'Cluster's Last Stand' - 8 Redstone tanks around a Jupiter tank core, powered by eight Jupiter engines. Originally intended as the launch vehicle for Apollo manned circumlunar flights. However it was developed so early, no payloads were available for it.

AKA: Juno V;Saturn C-1. Status: Retired 1975. First Launch: 1963-03-28. Last Launch: 1965-07-30. Number: 7 . Payload: 9,000 kg (19,800 lb). Thrust: 6,690.00 kN (1,503,970 lbf). Gross mass: 509,660 kg (1,123,600 lb). Height: 55.00 m (180.00 ft). Diameter: 6.52 m (21.39 ft). Apogee: 185 km (114 mi).

The Saturn launch vehicle was the penultimate expression of the Peenemuende Rocket Team's designs for manned exploration of the moon and Mars. The designs were continuously developed and improved, starting from the World War II A11 and A12 satellite and manned shuttle launcher, through the designs made public in the Collier's Magazine series of the early 1950's, until the shock of the first Sputnik launch brought sudden real interest from the U.S. government. On December 30 1957 Von Braun produced a 'Proposal for a National Integrated Missile and Space Vehicle Development Plan'. This had the first mention of a 1,500,000 lbf booster (Juno V, later Saturn I). By July of the following year Huntsville had in hand the contract from ARPA to proceed with design of the Juno V.

Following transfer of the Peenemuende Rocket Team from the US Army to NASA, a year after the first plan was mooted, Von Braun briefed NASA on plans for booster development at Huntsville with objective of manned lunar landing. It was initially proposed that 15 Juno V (Saturn I) boosters assemble a 200,000 kg payload in earth orbit for direct landing on moon. NASA produced two months later, on February 15, 1959, its plan for development in the next decade of Vega (later cancelled after NASA discovered the USAF was secretly developing the similar Hustler (Agena) upper stage), Centaur, Saturn, and Nova launch vehicles (Juno V renamed Saturn I at this point). Throughout the initial planning, Presidential decision, and landing mode debate for the Apollo lunar landing goal, a variety of Saturn and Nova configurations were considered. Of these, only the C-1 and C-5 were taken through to further development.

The political maneuvering that resulted in the Saturn I configuration is described by ABMA commander Medaris in his autobiography:

We had gone through the whole process of selecting upper stages and had made our recommendations to ARPA. We had indicated very clearly that we were willing to accept either the Atlas or Titan as the basis for building the second stage. The real difference was that in one case we would be using the Atlas engines and associated equipment, built by North American, while in the other case, we would be using the Titan power plant built by Aerojet. Largely because of the multitude of different projects that had been saddled on the Atlas, we favor the Titan. Convair builds the Atlas, and we had great confidence in Convair's engineering, but this was over shadowed in our mind by the practical difficulties of getting enough Atlas hardware. However, we assured ARPA that we would take either one.

The time scale was important. In order to get an operational vehicle in the air as soon as possible, and be able to match and possibly exceed Russia's capabilities, we recommended that the first flying vehicle to be made up of Saturn as the first stage and a second stage built with a Titan power plant. We also recommended using the tooling available at Martin for the airframe. We felt that by the time we got through the second-stage tests, the powerful new Centaur oxygen-hydrogen engine would be in good enough shape to become the third stage. We then calculated that a, year afterwards, or perhaps a little later, could begin to come up with a second-generation satellite vehicle that would cluster the Centaur engine for second stage.

Our people made extensive presentations to ARPA and NASA during the late spring of 1959, always taking the position that we could work with either combination that was agreed to by both. We were anxious to have them agree, because it seemed obvious to us that the nation could not afford more than one very large booster project. We believed that the resulting vehicle would be enormously useful both to the Defense Department for advanced defense requirements, and NASA for its scientific and civilian exploration of space.

We finally got a decision. - - We were told that we could begin designing the complete vehicle along the lines that we had recommended, namely, with the Titan as the basis for the second stage. So far there was no sign of trouble. Remembering the difficulties that we had had in connection with our requirements for North American engines for Jupiter, with the North American people largely under control of the Air Force, we knew that if we were to get on with the job properly we had to make our contract direct with Martin for the second stage work, and with the Convair-Pratt & Whitney group for the adaptation of Centaur to the third stage. We asked the Air Force for clearance to negotiate these matters with the companies concerned The Air Force (BMD) refused, and insisted that we let them handle all areas with the contractor. They used the old argument that they as a group could handle the responsibility much better, and that if they didn't handle it, there were bound to be priority problems connected with the military programs for Titan and others. We knew that the Air Force had no technical capacity of their own to put into this project, and that if we gave them the whole job, they would be forced to use the Ramo-Wooldridge organization, now known as the Space Technology Laboratories, as their contract agent to exercise technical supervision and co-ordination. While we knew and respected a few good men in STL, we felt we had ample cause to lack confidence in the organization as such. As a matter of fact, when the House Committee on Government Operations looked askance at STL with respect to their position as a profit-making organization, some of the best men had left the organization. We threw this one out on the table and said that we would not, under any circumstances, tolerate the interference of STL in this project. We knew that we had all the technical capability that was needed to supervise the overall system, and could not stand the delays and arguments that would most assuredly result were that organization to be thrown in also. Both sides presented their arguments to ARPA…Mr. Roy Johnson ruled that we could go ahead and contract directly Martin and others as required. It is understandable that the Air Force took this decision with poor grace. It represented a major setback to the system of absolute control over their own contractors, no matter for whom those contractors happened to be doing work. It also left them pretty much on the side- lines with respect to major participation in or control over any portion of the Saturn as a space vehicle.

With the amount of money still available to us from fiscal year 1960 and with our authorization from ARPA, we proceeded immediately to negotiate engineering contracts with Martin. We thought that since Mr. Johnson had complete control over this program, we had gotten over the last important hurdle and could get on about our business. Little did we realize the hornet's nest that had been stirred up, and less did we realize that winning that battle was finally to mean that we would lose the war, and would lose von Braun's entire organization.

We had only a few weeks of peace and quiet. From events that occurred later, I think I can make a fair estimate of what happened during this short period. Having been overruled by Johnson, the Air Force took a new approach. They decided that in view of the importance and power that was given the Deputy Secretary of Defense for Research and Engineering by the 1958 changes in the defense organization, Dr. York represented their best avenue of approach through which to get back in the war.

For reasons of economy we had recommended, and it had been approved, that in building the second stage, we would use the same diameter as the Titan first stage -- 120 inches. The major costs of tooling for the fabrication of missile tanks and main structure is related to the diameter. Changes in length cost little or nothing in tooling. How the tanks are divided internally, or the structure reinforced inside, or the kind of structural detail that is used at the end in order to attach the structure to a big booster below, or to a different size stage above, have very little effect on tooling problems. However, a change in diameter sets up a major question of tools, costs, and time.

Suddenly, out of the blue came a directive to suspend work on the second stage, and a request for a whole new series of cost and time estimates, including consideration of increasing the second stage diameter to 160 inches. It appeared that Dr. York had entered the scene, and had pointed up the future requirements of Dynasoar as being incompatible with the 120-inch diameter. He had posed the question of whether it was possible for the Saturn to be so designed as to permit it to be the booster for that Air Force project.

We were shocked and stunned. This was no new problem, and we could find no reason why it should not have been considered, if necessary, during the time that the Department of Defense and NASA were debating the whole question of what kind of upper stages we should use. Nevertheless, we very speedily went about the job of estimating the project on the basis of accepting the 160-inch diameter. At the same time it was requested that we submit quotations for a complete operational program to boost the Dynasoar for a given number of flights. As usual, we were given two or three numbers, rather than one fixed quantity, and asked to estimate on each of them.

By this time, my nose was beginning to sniff a strange odor of "fish." I put my bird dogs to work to try to find out what was going on and with whom we had to compete. We discovered that the Air Force had proposed a wholly different and entirely new vehicle as the booster for Dynasoar, using a cluster of Titan engines and upgrading their performance to get the necessary first-stage thrust for take-off. This creature was variously christened the Super Titan, or the Titan C. No work had been done on this vehicle other than a hasty engineering outline. Yet the claim was made that the vehicle in a two-stage or three-stage configuration could be flown more quickly than the Saturn, on which we had already been working hard for many months. Dates and estimates were attached to that proposal which at best ignored many factors of costs, and at worst were strictly propaganda.

In the event, neither the Saturn A-1 or the Titan C went ahead. After several twists and turns, the Saturn I with the 160-inch upper stage was developed, the second production lot even being configured for Dynasoar. However Dynasoar was finally slated to fly on the Titan 3C, a third alternative in the USAF SLV-4 competition of 1961. Dynasoar in turn was cancelled, and the Saturn I was superseded by the Saturn IB for manned earth-orbit Apollo flights. Only the Titan 3C and its descendants would soldier on into the 21st Century, as the heavy-lift mainstay of American expendable boosters.

Developments of the Saturn IB launch vehicle were detailed in some depth in the late 1960's. There was a large payload gap between the Saturn IB's 19,000 kg low-earth orbit capacity and the two-stage Saturn V 100,000 kg capability. How to fill it was the result of an exhaustive series of Marshall and contractor trade studies.

The configurations shown were the most promising. The best solution was to add two or four UA1205 five segment solid rocket motors already developed for the Titan launch vehicle. This would boost payload to 40,000 kg. Use of seven segment motors developed for Titan 3M would bring the payload up to 48,000 kg but would require stretching the S-1B first stage by 20 feet. A more modest ten foot stretch, with Minuteman first stage motors for thrust augmentation, would bring a modest payload improvement to 23,000 kg.

In the end, no further orders for Saturns were placed. Of the 12 Saturn IB's built, only nine were flown, the remaining three becoming NASA museum pieces. If Saturn production had continued, it is likely the Saturn IB would have been discontinued anyway, and Saturn II variants would have been used for any intermediate payload requirements.

LEO Payload: 9,000 kg (19,800 lb) to a 185 km orbit at 28.00 degrees. Payload: 2,200 kg (4,800 lb) to a translunar trajectory. Development Cost $: 838.100 million. Launch Price $: 76.000 million in 1963 dollars in 1967 dollars.

Stage Data - Saturn I


More at: Saturn I.

Subtopics

Juno V-A American orbital launch vehicle. By 1958 the Super-Jupiter was called Juno V and the 4 E-1 engines were abandoned in favor of clustering 8 Jupiter IRBM engines below existing Redstone/Jupiter tankage. The A version had a Titan I ICBM as the upper stages. Masses, payload estimated.

Juno V-B American orbital launch vehicle. A proposed version of the Juno V for lunar and planetary missions used a Titan I ICBM first stage and a Centaur high-energy third stage atop the basic Juno V cluster. Masses, payload estimated.

Saturn A-1 American orbital launch vehicle. Projected first version of Saturn I, to be used if necessary before S-IV liquid hydrogen second stage became available. Titan 1 first stage used as second stage, Centaur third stage. Masses, payload estimated.

Saturn A-2 American orbital launch vehicle. More powerful version of Saturn I with low energy second stage consisting of cluster of four IRBM motors and tankage, Centaur third stage. Masses, payload estimated.

Saturn B-1 American orbital launch vehicle. Most powerful version of Saturn I considered. New low energy second stage with four H-1 engines, S-IV third stage, Centaur fourth stage. Masses, payload estimated.

Saturn C-1 American orbital launch vehicle. Original flight version with dummy upper stages, including dummy Saturn S-V/Centaur (never flown).

Saturn C-2 American orbital launch vehicle. The launch vehicle initially considered for realizing the Apollo lunar landing at the earliest possible date. 15 launches and rendezvous required to assemble direct landing spacecraft in earth orbit.

Saturn I Blk2 American orbital launch vehicle. Second Block of Saturn I, with substantially redesigned first stage and large fins to accommodate Dynasoar payload.

Saturn I RIFT American nuclear orbital launch vehicle. In the first half of the 1960's it was planned to make suborbital tests of nuclear propulsion for upper stages using a Saturn IB first stage to boost a Rover-reactor powered second stage on a suborbital trajectory. The second stage would impact the Atlantic Ocean down range from Cape Canaveral.

Saturn IB American orbital launch vehicle. Improved Saturn I, with uprated first stage and Saturn IVB second stage (common with Saturn V) replacing Saturn IV. Used for earth orbit flight tests of Apollo CSM and LM.

Saturn IB-A American orbital launch vehicle. Douglas Studies, 1965: S-IB with 225 k lbf H-1's; S-IVB stretched with 350,000 lbs propellants; Centaur third stage.

Saturn IB-B American orbital launch vehicle. Douglas Studies, 1965: S-IB with 225 k lbf H-1's; S-IVB stretched with 350,000 lbs propellants and HG-3 high performance engine.

Saturn IB-C American orbital launch vehicle. Douglas Studies, 1965: 4 Minuteman strap-ons; standard S-IB, S-IVB stages.

Saturn IB-CE American orbital launch vehicle. Douglas Studies, 1965: Standard Saturn IB with Centaur upper stage.

Saturn IB-D American orbital launch vehicle. Douglas Studies, 1965: Standard Saturn IB with Titan UA1205 5-segment strap-on motors.

Saturn INT-05 American orbital launch vehicle. NASA Study, 1965: Half length 260 inch solid motor with S-IVB upper stage.

Saturn INT-05A American orbital launch vehicle. UA Study, 1965: Full length 260 inch solid motor with S-IVB upper stage.

Saturn INT-11 American orbital launch vehicle. Chrysler Studies, 1966: S-IB with 4 Titan UA1205 with standard S-IB stage, S-IVB stage, or 4 Titan UA1207 strap-ons with 20-foot stretched S-IB stage, S-IVB stage. S-IB ignition at altitude.

Saturn INT-12 American orbital launch vehicle. Chrysler Studies, 1966: S-IB with only 4 H-1 motors, with 4 Titan UA1205 with standard length S-IB stage, S-IVB stage, or 4 Titan UA1207 strap-ons with 20-foot stretched S-IB stage, S-IVB stage. S-IB ignition at sea level at same time as strap-ons.

Saturn INT-13 American orbital launch vehicle. Chrysler Studies, 1966: S-IB with 2 Titan UA1205 with standard length S-IB stage, S-IVB stage, or 2 Titan UA1207 strap-ons with 20-foot stretched S-IB stage, S-IVB stage. S-IB ignition at sea level at same time as strap-ons.

Saturn INT-14 American orbital launch vehicle. Chrysler Studies, 1966: S-IB with 4 Minuteman motors as strap-ons, with no, 10, or 20-foot stretch S-IB stages, S-IVB stage. S-IB ignition at sea level at same time as strap-ons.

Saturn INT-15 American orbital launch vehicle. Chrysler Studies, 1966: S-IB with 8 Minuteman motors as strap-ons, with no, 10, or 20-foot stretch S-IB stages, S-IVB stage. S-IB ignition at sea level at same time as strap-ons.

Saturn INT-16 American orbital launch vehicle. UA Studies, 1966: S-IVB upper stage with from 2 to 5 Titan UA1205, 1206, or 1207 motors as first stage, clustered around from 1 to 3 of the same motors as a second stage. S-IVB upper stage.

Saturn INT-27 American orbital launch vehicle. UA study, 1965. Saturn variant using various combinations of 156 inch rocket motors as first and second stages, with S-IVB upper stage.

Saturn LCB-Alumizine-140 American orbital launch vehicle. Boeing Low-Cost Saturn Derivative Study, 1967 (trade study of 260 inch first stages for S-IVB, all delivering 86,000 lb payload to LEO): Low Cost Booster, Single Pressure-fed N2O4/Alumizine Propellant engine, HY-140 Steel Hull.

Saturn LCB-Alumizine-250 American orbital launch vehicle. Boeing Low-Cost Saturn Derivative Study, 1967 (trade study of 260 inch first stages for S-IVB, all delivering 86,000 lb payload to LEO): Low Cost Booster, Single Pressure-fed N2O4/Alumizine Propellant engine, Ni-250 Steel Hull.

Saturn LCB-Lox/RP-1 American orbital launch vehicle. Boeing Low-Cost Saturn Derivative Study, 1967 (trade study of 260 inch first stages for S-IVB, all delivering 86,000 lb payload to LEO): Low Cost Booster, Single Pressure-fed LOx/RFP-1 engine.

Saturn LCB-SR American orbital launch vehicle. Boeing Low-Cost Saturn Derivative Study, 1967 (trade study of 260 inch first stages for S-IVB, all delivering 86,000 lb payload to LEO): Low Cost Booster, 260 inch solid motor, full length.

Saturn LCB-Storable-250 American orbital launch vehicle. Boeing Low-Cost Saturn Derivative Study, 1967 (trade study of 260 inch first stages for S-IVB, all delivering 86,000 lb payload to LEO): Low Cost Booster, Single Pressure-fed N2O4/UDMH Propellant engine, Ni-250 Steel Hull.

Super-Jupiter American orbital launch vehicle. The very first design that would lead to Saturn. A 1.5 million pound thrust booster using four E-1 engines - initial consideration of using a single USAF F-1 engine abandoned because of development time. Existing missile tankage was clustered above the engines.

Uprated Saturn I American orbital launch vehicle. Initial version of Saturn IB with old-design Saturn IB first stage.

Family: orbital launch vehicle. People: von Braun. Country: USA. Engines: H-1 engine, RL-10A-1, RL-10. Spacecraft: Apollo Lunar Landing, Horizon Lunar Outpost, Mercury, Horizon Station, Ideal Home Station, Horizon LERV, Apollo LM, Apollo CSM, Apollo A, Apollo X, Highwater, Lunar Bus, MORL, Apollo D-2, Apollo L-2C, Apollo Lenticular, Surveyor, Dynasoar, Apollo CSM Block I, Jupiter nose cone, Gemini - Saturn I, Gemini - Saturn IB, Pegasus satellite, Apollo LM Lab, Apollo Experiments Pallet, Gemini Observatory, Apollo RM, Big Gemini, Apollo Rescue CSM, Skylab, Apollo ASTP Docking Module. Projects: Apollo. Launch Sites: Cape Canaveral, Cape Canaveral LC34, Cape Canaveral LC37B. Stages: Saturn IV, Centaur C, S-I stage. Bibliography: 16, 17, 18, 2, 216, 22, 222, 228, 231, 232, 234, 26, 27, 279, 33, 376, 45, 452, 47, 6, 60, 86.
Photo Gallery

Saturn 1Saturn 1
Credit: © Mark Wade


Saturn I (1959)Saturn I (1959)
Saturn I configuration for Project Horizon
Credit: US Army


Saturn I StagesSaturn I Stages
Saturn I , stages 1 to 3, configuration for Project Horizon (1959)
Credit: US Army


Saturn ISaturn I
As conceived for Project Horizon, 1958.
Credit: © Mark Wade


E-1 EngineE-1 Engine
Credit: © Mark Wade


Juno-5 AirliftJuno-5 Airlift
The Juno-5 was designed to be air-transportable and assembled at austere launch pads.


Juno-5 Parallel StagJuno-5 Parallel Stag
A parallel staging scheme was considered for the Juno-5. This would have resulted in a vehicle similar to the Russian R-7 launcher.


Juno-5 RecoveryJuno-5 Recovery
Full recovery and reuse of the Juno-5 was planned. The structural provisions were retained in the earliest Saturn I test vehicles, but never used.


Juno-5 on Test StandJuno-5 on Test Stand
The very first Juno-5 test article firing on the stand at the Redstone Arsenal.


Saturn A-1 to C-5Saturn A-1 to C-5
Credit: © Mark Wade


Saturn 1BSaturn 1B
Credit: © Mark Wade


J-2J-2
Credit: © Mark Wade


Saturn 1B LC34Saturn 1B LC34
Credit: NASA


Saturn 1B LC39Saturn 1B LC39
Credit: NASA


Saturn 1B with LMSaturn 1B with LM
Saturn 1B with LM Payload
Credit: NASA


Saturn 1B radSaturn 1B rad
Credit: NASA


Saturn IB-INT-5BSaturn IB-INT-5B
Credit: © Mark Wade


Saturn 1B/4 SRBsSaturn 1B/4 SRBs
Saturn 1B with 4 solids replacing S-1B
Credit: © Mark Wade


Saturn 1B/MM SRBSaturn 1B/MM SRB
Saturn 1B with Minuteman strapons
Credit: © Mark Wade



1957 April - . Launch Vehicle: Saturn I.
1957 July 29 - . LV Family: Titan, Saturn I, .
1957 December 10 - . Launch Vehicle: Saturn I.
1957 December 30 - . Launch Vehicle: Saturn I.
1958 - . LV Family: Saturn I. Launch Vehicle: Juno V-A.
1958 July 29 - . Launch Vehicle: Saturn I.
1958 August 15 - . Launch Vehicle: Saturn I.
1958 September 1 - . Launch Vehicle: Saturn I.
1958 September 11 - . Launch Vehicle: Saturn I.
1958 September 23 - . Launch Vehicle: Saturn I.
1958 October 11 - . Launch Vehicle: Saturn I.
1958 December 15 - . Launch Vehicle: Saturn I.
1958 December 17 - . Launch Vehicle: Saturn I.
1958 December 17 - . Launch Vehicle: Saturn I.
1959 January 6 - . Launch Vehicle: Saturn I.
1959 February 2 - . Launch Vehicle: Saturn I.
1959 February 4 - . Launch Vehicle: Saturn I.
1959 April 15 - . LV Family: Saturn I. Launch Vehicle: Saturn A-1.
1959 May 1 - . Launch Vehicle: Saturn I.
1959 May 3 - . Launch Vehicle: Saturn I.
1959 May 25-26 - . LV Family: Saturn I. Launch Vehicle: Saturn C-2.
1959 May 26 - . Launch Vehicle: Saturn I.
1959 June 3 - . Launch Vehicle: Saturn I.
1959 June 5 - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral. Launch Vehicle: Saturn I.
1959 June 18 - . Launch Vehicle: Saturn I.
1959 June 25-26 - . LV Family: Saturn I. Launch Vehicle: Saturn C-2.
1959 October 21 - . Launch Vehicle: Saturn I.
1959 November 2 - . Launch Vehicle: Saturn I.
1959 December 6 - . Launch Vehicle: Saturn I.
1959 December 7 - . Launch Vehicle: Saturn I.
1959 December 8-9 - . LV Family: Saturn I. Launch Vehicle: Saturn C-2.
1959 December 9 - . LV Family: Saturn I. Launch Vehicle: Saturn C-2.
1959 December 15 - . Launch Vehicle: Saturn I.
1960 February 1 - . LV Family: Saturn I. Launch Vehicle: Saturn C-2.
1960 February 29 - . Launch Vehicle: Saturn I.
1960 March 15 - . Launch Vehicle: Saturn I.
1960 March 28 - . Launch Vehicle: Saturn I.
1960 April 1-May 3 - . LV Family: Saturn I. Launch Vehicle: Saturn C-2.
1960 April 1-May 3 - . LV Family: Saturn I. Launch Vehicle: Saturn C-2.
1960 April 6 - . Launch Vehicle: Saturn I.
1960 April 26 - . Launch Vehicle: Saturn I.
1960 April 29 - . Launch Vehicle: Saturn I.
1960 May 26 - . Launch Vehicle: Saturn I.
1960 May 26 - . Launch Vehicle: Saturn I.
1960 June 8 - . Launch Vehicle: Saturn I.
1960 June 15 - . Launch Vehicle: Saturn I.
1960 July 14-15 - . LV Family: Saturn I. Launch Vehicle: Saturn C-2.
1960 September 13 - . LV Family: Saturn I. Launch Vehicle: Saturn C-2.
1960 September 30 - . LV Family: Saturn I. Launch Vehicle: Saturn C-2.
1960 December 2 - . Launch Vehicle: Saturn I.
1960 December 13 - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral. Launch Vehicle: Saturn I.
1961 January 9 - . LV Family: Atlas, Saturn I, Titan. Launch Vehicle: Titan 3.
1961 January 26 - . Launch Vehicle: Saturn I.
1961 January - . Launch Vehicle: Saturn I.
1961 February 7 - . LV Family: Saturn I. Launch Vehicle: Saturn C-2.
1961 March 1 - . LV Family: Saturn I. Launch Vehicle: Saturn C-2.
1961 March 7 - . Launch Vehicle: Saturn I.
1961 March 23 - . LV Family: Saturn I. Launch Vehicle: Saturn C-2.
1961 March 30 - . LV Family: Saturn I. Launch Vehicle: Saturn I RIFT.
1961 April 28 - . Launch Vehicle: Saturn I.
1961 April 29 - . Launch Vehicle: Saturn I.
1961 April - . Launch Vehicle: Saturn I.
1961 May 2 - . LV Family: Saturn I. Launch Vehicle: Saturn C-2.
1961 May 8 - . Launch Vehicle: Saturn I.
1961 June 1 - . Launch Vehicle: Saturn I.
1961 June 2 - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral. Launch Vehicle: Saturn I.
1961 June 5 - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC34. Launch Vehicle: Saturn I.
1961 June 10 - . LV Family: Saturn I. Launch Vehicle: Saturn C-2.
1961 June 22 - . LV Family: Saturn I. Launch Vehicle: Saturn C-2.
1961 June 23 - . Launch Vehicle: Saturn I.
1961 June 23 - . LV Family: Saturn I. Launch Vehicle: Saturn C-2.
1961 June 26 - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral. Launch Vehicle: Saturn I.
1961 July 24 - . LV Family: Saturn I. Launch Vehicle: Saturn C-2.
1961 July 28 - . Launch Vehicle: Saturn I.
1961 Aug - . LV Family: Saturn I. Launch Vehicle: Saturn.
1961 August 5 - . Launch Vehicle: Saturn I.
1961 August 14 - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral. Launch Vehicle: Saturn I.
1961 October 27 - . 15:06 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC34. LV Family: Saturn I. Launch Vehicle: Saturn C-1.
1961 November 17 - . Launch Vehicle: Saturn I.
1961 December 7 - . LV Family: Saturn I. Launch Vehicle: Saturn I RIFT.
1961 December 8 - . Launch Vehicle: Saturn I.
1962 April 25 - . 14:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC34. LV Family: Saturn I. Launch Vehicle: Saturn C-1.
1962 August 16 - . Launch Vehicle: Saturn I.
1962 November 16 - . 17:45 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC34. LV Family: Saturn I. Launch Vehicle: Saturn C-1.
1963 January 10 - . Launch Vehicle: Saturn I.
1963 February 20 - . Launch Vehicle: Saturn I.
1963 March 6 - . Launch Vehicle: Saturn I.
1963 March 13 - . Launch Vehicle: Saturn I.
1963 March 28 - . 20:11 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC34. Launch Vehicle: Saturn I.
1963 April 17 - . LV Family: Saturn V, Saturn I, Titan.
1963 August 5 - . Launch Vehicle: Saturn I.
1963 September 16 - . Launch Vehicle: Saturn I.
1963 September 26 - . LV Family: Saturn I. Launch Vehicle: Saturn IB.
1963 October 30 - . LV Family: Saturn I. Launch Vehicle: Saturn IB.
1963 November 8 - . LV Family: Saturn I. Launch Vehicle: Saturn IB.
1964 January 29 - . 16:25 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC37B. Launch Vehicle: Saturn I.
1964 February 6 - . Launch Vehicle: Saturn I.
1964 May 28 - . LV Family: Saturn I, Saturn V. Launch Vehicle: Saturn INT-27, Saturn V-25(S)B, Saturn V-25(S)U.
1964 May 28 - . 17:07 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC37B. Launch Vehicle: Saturn I.
1964 September 18 - . 16:22 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC37B. Launch Vehicle: Saturn I.
1964 September 30 - . LV Family: Saturn I.
1964 December 12 - . LV Family: Saturn I.
1965 January 21 - . LV Family: Saturn I. Launch Vehicle: Saturn IB.
1965 February 16 - . 14:37 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC37B. Launch Vehicle: Saturn I.
1965 February 25 - . Launch Vehicle: Saturn I.
1965 February 27 - . LV Family: Saturn V, Saturn I.
1965 March 31 - . Launch Vehicle: Saturn I.
1965 April 1 - . LV Family: Saturn I. Launch Vehicle: Saturn IB.
1965 May 12 - . LV Family: Saturn I. Launch Vehicle: Saturn IB.
1965 May 13 - . LV Family: Saturn I. Launch Vehicle: Saturn IB.
1965 May 25 - . 07:35 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC37B. Launch Vehicle: Saturn I.
1965 June 11 - . LV Family: Saturn I. Launch Vehicle: Saturn IB.
1965 June 15 - . LV Family: Saturn I. Launch Vehicle: Saturn IB.
1965 June 17 - . LV Family: Saturn I. Launch Vehicle: Saturn IB.
1965 June 25 - . LV Family: Saturn I. Launch Vehicle: Saturn IB.
1965 June 29 - . LV Family: Saturn I. Launch Vehicle: Saturn IB.
1965 July 30 - . LV Family: Saturn I. Launch Vehicle: Saturn IB.
1965 July 30 - . 13:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC37B. Launch Vehicle: Saturn I.
1965 October 21 - . LV Family: Saturn I. Launch Vehicle: Saturn IB.
1965 December 14 - . LV Family: Saturn I.
1966 January 13 - . LV Family: Saturn I. Launch Vehicle: Saturn IB.
1966 January 15 - . LV Family: Saturn I.
1966 February 26 - . 16:12 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC34. LV Family: Saturn I. Launch Vehicle: Saturn IB.
1966 May 12 - . LV Family: Saturn I. Launch Vehicle: Saturn IB.
1966 July 5 - . 14:53 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC37B. LV Family: Saturn I. Launch Vehicle: Uprated Saturn I.
1966 August 1 - . Launch Vehicle: Saturn I.
1966 August 25 - . 17:15 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC34. LV Family: Saturn I. Launch Vehicle: Uprated Saturn I.
1966 October 19 - . Launch Vehicle: Saturn I.
1967 January 27 - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral. LV Family: Saturn I. Launch Vehicle: Saturn IB.
1967 January 27 - . LV Family: Saturn I. Launch Vehicle: Saturn IB.
1967 April 28 - May 16 - . LV Family: Saturn I. Launch Vehicle: Saturn IB.
1967 May 26 - . LV Family: Saturn I.
1967 August 1 - . LV Family: Saturn I. Launch Vehicle: Saturn IB.
1967 October 23 - . LV Family: Saturn I. Launch Vehicle: Saturn IB.
1967 December 2 - . LV Family: Saturn I. Launch Vehicle: Saturn IB.
1968 January 22 - . 22:48 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC37B. LV Family: Saturn I. Launch Vehicle: Saturn IB.
1968 June 25 - . LV Family: Saturn I.
1968 October 2 - . LV Family: Saturn I. Launch Vehicle: Saturn IB.
1968 October 9 - . LV Family: Saturn I. Launch Vehicle: Saturn IB.
1968 October 11 - . 15:02 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC34. LV Family: Saturn I. Launch Vehicle: Saturn IB.
1969 January 15 - . LV Family: Saturn I. Launch Vehicle: Saturn IB.
1969 August 28 - . LV Family: Saturn I. Launch Vehicle: Saturn IB.
1969 November 1 - . LV Family: Saturn I. Launch Vehicle: Saturn IB.
1969 December 18 - . LV Family: Saturn I. Launch Vehicle: Saturn IB.
1970 May 15 - . LV Family: Saturn I. Launch Vehicle: Saturn IB.
1971 March 5 - . LV Family: Saturn I. Launch Vehicle: Saturn IB.
1971 March 10 - . LV Family: Saturn I. Launch Vehicle: Saturn IB.
1971 November 26 - . LV Family: Saturn I. Launch Vehicle: Saturn IB.
1973 February 27 - May 25 - . LV Family: Saturn I. Launch Vehicle: Saturn IB.
1973 May 25 - . 13:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC39B. Launch Platform: LUT1. LV Family: Saturn I. Launch Vehicle: Saturn IB.
1973 June 11 - July 28 - . LV Family: Saturn I. Launch Vehicle: Saturn IB.
1973 July 28 - . 11:10 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC39B. Launch Platform: LUT1. LV Family: Saturn I. Launch Vehicle: Saturn IB.
1973 November 16 - . 14:01 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC39B. Launch Platform: LUT1. LV Family: Saturn I. Launch Vehicle: Saturn IB.
1974 February 8 - . LV Family: Saturn I. Launch Vehicle: Saturn IB.
1975 July 15 - . 19:50 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC39B. Launch Platform: LUT1. LV Family: Saturn I. Launch Vehicle: Saturn IB.

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