Encyclopedia Astronautica Index: U

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Encyclopedia Astronautica Index: U

U102-000 - Glushko Nitric acid/UDMH rocket engine. R-26 stage 2. Out of production. Status: Out of production. Date: 1960-62. Thrust: 468.00 kN (105,210 lbf). More at: Nitric acid/UDMH

U-1250 - Isayev rocket engine. Developed 1945-46. Status: Developed 1945-46. Date: 1945-46. Thrust: 12.70 kN (2,855 lbf).

U-2000 - Isayev rocket engine. for SAM. Out of Production. Status: Out of Production. First Launch: 1940s late. Thrust: 19.60 kN (4,406 lbf).

U2U - Calibration satellite for Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL), USA. Cubesat 2U bus. Gross mass: 5.00 kg (11.00 lb).

U-400-10 - Isayev rocket engine. Samolet 5. Developed 1946-47. Status: Developed 1946-47. Date: 1946-47. Thrust: 3.92 kN (881 lbf).

U400-10 - Russian manned rocketplane. Flown 1949. Unmanned rocketplane that proved Isayev rocket engine technology in the late 1940's. Status: Operational 1949.

U-400-2 - Isayev Nitric acid/Amine rocket engine. Shchuka. Out of Production. Status: Out of Production. First Launch: 1940s late. More at: Nitric acid/Amine

UA 156 inch - Alternate name for UA-156.

UA 156 inch 4 Segment - Alternate name for UA-156.

UA1200 - CSD solid rocket engine family.

UA1205 - CSD solid rocket engine. Out of production. Strap-on boosters for Titan 3C, 3D, 3E. Proposed for advanced Saturn IB versions. First flight 1965. Status: Out of production. Number: 130 . Gross mass: 226,233 kg (498,758 lb). Unfuelled mass: 33,798 kg (74,511 lb). Thrust: 5,849.30 kN (1,314,975 lbf). More at: Solid

UA1206 - CSD solid rocket engine. Used on Titan 34D launch vehicle. First flight 1982. Status: Retired 1992. Number: 38 . Gross mass: 251,427 kg (554,301 lb). Unfuelled mass: 40,827 kg (90,008 lb). Thrust: 6,226.90 kN (1,399,863 lbf). More at: Solid

UA1207 - CSD seven-segment solid rocket engine, originally developed in the 1960's for the cancelled MOL project. First flight 1989. Status: First flight 1989. Number: 44 . Gross mass: 319,330 kg (704,000 lb). Unfuelled mass: 51,230 kg (112,940 lb). Thrust: 7,116.90 kN (1,599,943 lbf). More at: Solid

UA-156 - CSD solid rocket engine. Tested 1968. Proposed as strap-on booster for Saturn INT-27, Saturn V-25(S)B, Saturn V-25(S)U. Solid propellant rocket stage. 4 Segment version of basic 3-segment UA 156 motor. Status: Tested 1968. Gross mass: 544,311 kg (1,200,000 lb). Unfuelled mass: 37,195 kg (82,000 lb). Thrust: 8,924.30 kN (2,006,262 lbf). More at: Solid

UAE - UAE

UAPSat 1 - Technology, education satellite for Universidad Alas Peruanas (UAP), Peru. Launched 2014. Cubesat 1U bus. First Launch: 2014-01-09. Last Launch: 2014-01-09. Number: 1 . Gross mass: 1.00 kg (2.20 lb).

UARS - American earth ionosphere satellite. The Upper Atmospheric Research Satellite was designed to study the physical and chemical processes occurring in the Earth's upper atmosphere (between 15 and 100 km). Earth Observing satellite built by GE Astro Space, Fairchild (Bus) for NASA, USA. Launched 1991. Used the MMS bus. Status: Operational 1991. First Launch: 1991-09-12. Last Launch: 1991-09-12. Number: 1 . Gross mass: 6,795 kg (14,980 lb).

UAV-SR PQM-150 - American pad-launched drone. Joint Unmaned Aerial Vehicle - Short Range.

UBAK-3U-SAT - Alternate name of UBAKUSAT (UBAK-3U-SAT).

UBAKUSAT - Technology, communication satellite for Istanbul Technical University (ITÜ), JPF (Japan Space Forum), KIT (Kyushu Institute ofTechnology), Turkey. Cubesat 3U bus. Gross mass: 4.00 kg (8.80 lb).

UBM - Abbreviation for Unpressurized Berthing Mechanism

UC - Culver post-war US Navy target drone.

UC-1K - Alternate name of UC.

UCD - Urine Containment Device - for men, a latex condom leading to a bladder than allowed them to void themselves during the sometimes-long wait on the pad for launch. For women, a Depends-type disposable diaper. Just not the wait, but the position of the astronauts, laying on their back with their legs up, brought on the urge, as demonstrated on Alan Shepherd's UCD-less first American flight into space.

Uchinoura - Alternate name for Kagoshima.

UC-L - UC-L.

UCLSat - Technology, atmosphere satellite for MSSL, University College London, UK. Launched 2017. Cubesat 2U bus. First Launch: 2017-05-25. Last Launch: 2017-05-25. Number: 1 . Gross mass: 2.00 kg (4.40 lb).

Ucyu Kaihatsu Jigyoudan - Alternate name for NASDA.

Ucyu Koku Kenkyu Kaihatsu Kikou - Alternate name for JAXA.

Ucyu Koku Kenkyujyo - Alternate name for ISAS.

Udarov, Grigori Rafailovich - Russian government official. Deputy Minister of General Machine Building 1965-1979. Responsible for ground complexes. Born: 1904. Died: 1991-01-01.

UDM - ISS module built by GKNPTs Khrunichev for Rosaviakosmos. Gross mass: 20,300 kg (44,700 lb).

UDMH - Unsymmetrical Dimethylhydrazine ((CH3)2NNH2) became the storable liquid fuel of choice by the mid-1950's. Development of UDMH in the Soviet Union began in 1949. It is used in virtually all storable liquid rocket engines except for some orbital maneuvering engines in the United States, where MMH has been preferred due to a slightly higher density and performance.

UFO - Alternate designation for UHF.

UFO - Abbreviation for Unidentified Flying Object

UFO 1, 2, 3 - Communication satellite built by Hughes for US Navy, USA. Launched 1993 - 1994. Used the HS-601 bus. First Launch: 1993-03-25. Last Launch: 1994-06-24. Number: 3 .

UFO 11 - Communication satellite built by Boeing for US Navy, USA. Launched 2003. Used the BSS-601 bus. First Launch: 2003-12-18. Last Launch: 2003-12-18. Number: 1 . Gross mass: 3,041 kg (6,704 lb).

UFO 4, 5, 6, 7 - Communication satellite built by Hughes for US Navy, USA. Launched 1995 - 1996. Used the HS-601 bus. First Launch: 1995-01-29. Last Launch: 1996-07-25. Number: 4 .

UFO 8, 9, 10 - Communication satellite built by Hughes for US Navy, USA. Launched 1998 - 1999. Used the HS-601 bus. First Launch: 1998-03-16. Last Launch: 1999-11-23. Number: 3 . Gross mass: 3,206 kg (7,068 lb).

UGATUSAT - Remote sensing satellite built by the Ufa State Aviation Technical University. Technology, Earth observation satellite for Ufimskiy Gosudarstvenniy Aviatsionniy Tekhnicheskiy Universitet, Russia. Launched 2009. Status: Operational 2009. First Launch: 2009-09-17. Last Launch: 2009-09-17. Number: 1 . Gross mass: 35 kg (77 lb).

UGC - Abbreviation for Uppsala General Catalog

UGM-133A - Alternate designation for Trident D-5.

UGM-27A - Alternate designation for Polaris A1.

UGM-27B - Alternate designation for Polaris A2.

UGM-27C - Alternate designation for Polaris A3.

UGM-73A - Alternate designation for Poseidon C3.

UGM-96A - Alternate designation for Trident C-4.

UGM-96B - Alternate designation for Trident D-5.

UH - UH.

UHF - US Navy fleet communications from geostationary orbit; Ultra High Frequency Follow On; used the HS 601 commercial bus.

UHF (abbreviation) - Abbreviation for Ultra High Frequency

UHF-FO Block 1 - Alternate name of UFO 1, 2, 3 (UHF-FO Block 1).

UHF-FO Block 2 - Alternate name of UFO 4, 5, 6, 7 (UHF-FO Block 2).

UHF-FO Block 3 - Alternate name of UFO 8, 9, 10 (UHF-FO Block 3).

UHF-FO Block 4 - Alternate name of UFO 11 (UHF-FO Block 4).

Uhuru - Alternate name of SAS A (Uhuru).

UIT - Ultraviolet Imaging Telescope (Astro package)

UK - Alternate name for Ariel.

UK - UK

UK 3, 4 - Alternate name of Ariel 3, 4 (UK 3, 4).

UK 5 - Alternate name of Ariel 5 (UK 5).

UK 6 - Alternate name of Ariel 6 (UK 6).

UK Defence Research Agency - British agency. UK Defence Research Agency, UK.

UK Dept. of Scientific and Industrial Research - Alternate name for DSIR.

UK Science Research Council - Alternate name for SRC.

UK-DMC 1 - Earth Observation satellite built by SSTL for British National Space Centre, UK. Launched 2003. Used the Microsat-100 bus. First Launch: 2003-09-27. Last Launch: 2003-09-27. Number: 1 . Gross mass: 100 kg (220 lb).

UK-DMC 2 - Earth Observation satellite built by SSTL for British National Space Centre, UK. Launched 2009. Used the Microsat-100 bus. First Launch: 2009-07-29. Last Launch: 2009-07-29. Number: 1 . Gross mass: 120 kg (260 lb).

Ukraine - Ukraine

Ukraine AF - Ukraine AF.

Ukraine astronaut group, 1996 - Requirement: pilots from Ukraine to visit Mir space station for propaganda purposes on Soyuz ferry-exchange mission. Date: 1996.

UKS - Research, Magnetosphere satellite, UK. Launched 1984. First Launch: 1984-08-16. Last Launch: 1984-08-16. Number: 1 . Gross mass: 77 kg (169 lb).

UKST - Abbreviation for United Kingdom Schmidt Telescope

UKube 1 - Technology satellite built by ClydeSpace for UK Space Agency, UK. Sponsored by the UK Space Agency; first of a series to be launched annually to promote space technology in the UK. Launched 2014. Cubesat 3U bus. First Launch: 2014-07-08. Last Launch: 2014-07-08. Number: 1 . Gross mass: 3.00 kg (6.60 lb).

UK-VKS - Directorate for Command of the Military Space Forces (Russian abbreviation)

ULAB - United Launch Alliance/Boeing

ULAL - United Launch Alliance/Lockheed Martin Astronautics

Ulloriaq - Alternate name of GOMX 4A, 4B (Ulloriaq).

Ulmer, Ralph E - American engineer, at NASA 1938-1973, budget officer and program analyst. Born: 1917-09-09. Died: 1985-04-01.

ULO - Abbreviation for Unmanned Launch Operations

Ultraviolet astronomy satellite - Category of spacecraft.

Ulysses - European solar satellite. Ulysses was a joint NASA / ESA mission designed to study the polar regions of the Sun. Solar lander built by Dornier (prime) for ESA, NASA, Europe. Launched 1990. Status: Operational 1990. First Launch: 1990-10-06. Last Launch: 1990-10-06. Number: 1 . Gross mass: 367 kg (809 lb).

Ulysses - satellite family - Alternate designation for Ulysses.

UM - American manufacturer of rocket engines. UM, USA.

UM-129 stage series -

UM-129A - Alternate designation for H-1-3.

UM-129A - Nissan solid rocket engine. In Production. Used in H-1-3. Status: In Production. Gross mass: 2,200 kg (4,800 lb). Unfuelled mass: 360 kg (790 lb). Thrust: 77.50 kN (17,423 lbf). More at: Solid

Umanskiy Space Capsule - Soviet manned spacecraft. Study 1965. Small minimum space capsule for emergency return of crew or urgent payloads from orbit. Proposed by an engineer at Soviet Factory 918 in 1965, but no support from the entrenched space interests. Status: Study 1965. Gross mass: 700 kg (1,540 lb).

Ume 1, 2 - Alternate name of ISS a, b (Ume 1, 2).

UMich - Abbreviation or acronym for University of Michigan

UM-JPL - American manufacturer of rocket engines. UM-JPL, USA.

Umm Qasr - Umm Qasr

UM-NASA - American manufacturer of rocket engines. UM-NASA, USA.

Umpfenbach, Joachim - German propulsion expert. Member of German Rocket Team in the Soviet Union after WW2. One of the group that fired V-2 rockets at Kapustin Yar in 1946. Born: 1902.

UMPIRE Convair - American manned Mars expedition. Study 1964. Unfavorable Manned Planetary - Interplanetary Roundtrip Expedition profiles were studied under NASA Huntsville contracts to General Dynamics and Douglas in June 1963. Status: Study 1964.

UMPIRE Douglas - American manned Mars expedition. Study 1964. Unfavorable Manned Planetary - Interplanetary Roundtrip Expedition profiles were studied under NASA Huntsville contracts to General Dynamics and Douglas in June 1963. Status: Study 1964. More at: Nuclear/LH2

UM-USAF - American manufacturer of rocket engines. UM-USAF, USA.

UN - Abbreviation for United Nations

UNAM - Mexican agency. Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico.

UNAMSAT - Amateur radio satellite in Oscar series.

UNAMSAT A, B - Technology satellite for University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico. Launched 1995-1996. Used the AMSAT-NA Microsat bus. First Launch: 1995-03-28. Last Launch: 1996-09-05. Number: 2 . Gross mass: 17 kg (37 lb).

Unbridled Spirit - Alternate name of CXBN 1, 2 (Unbridled Spirit).

UND-Sat - Alternate name of R2S (UND-Sat).

UNEX 2 - Alternate name of IMEX (UNEX 2).

Unha - North Korean intermediate range ballistic missile family.

Unha 3 - Alternate designation for Unha-3.

Unha-1 - North Korean intermediate range ballistic missile. Two-stage ballistic missile. First stage is 18 m long, second is 14 m long. Status: Active. First Launch: 2006-07-04. Last Launch: 2006-07-04. Number: 1 . Gross mass: 85,000 kg (187,000 lb).

Unha-2 - North Korean satellite launch vehicle. 3 stage vehicle consisting of 1 x Taepo Dong 2 + 1 x Unha-2 Stage 2 + 1 x Unha-2 Stage 3. Status: Retired 2009. First Launch: 2009-04-05. Last Launch: 2009-04-05. Number: 1 .

Unha-3 - North Korean satellite launch vehicle consisted of the Taepodong 2 IRBM with a third stage. Status: Active. First Launch: 2012-04-12. Last Launch: 2016-02-07. Number: 4 . Gross mass: 90,000 kg (198,000 lb). Payload: 100 kg (220 lb).

UniBRITE - Nanosatellite built by UTIAS for the University of Vienna, Austria. Carried an 0.03m telescope-photometer for stellar photometry and astroseismology. Used the Toronto GNB bus.

UniBRITE - Astronomy / Technology satellite built by UTIAS for UTIAS (University of Toronto, Institute for Aerospace Studies), "Austria, Canada". Launched 2013. Used Generic Nanosatellite Bus (GNB). First Launch: 2013-02-25. Last Launch: 2013-02-25. Number: 1 . Gross mass: 10 kg (22 lb).

UniCubeSat-GG - Technology, aeronomy satellite for GAUSS (La Sapienza University of Rome), Italy. Launched 2012. Flew a gravity gradient experiment. First Italian CubeSat. Cubesat 1U bus. First Launch: 2012-02-13. Last Launch: 2012-02-13. Number: 1 . Gross mass: 1.00 kg (2.20 lb).

UNIFORM - Microsatellite for Wakayama University, carrying a 10-12 micron IR microbolometer array for wildfire monitoring. Status: Operational 2014. First Launch: 2014-05-24. Last Launch: 2014-05-24. Number: 1 . Gross mass: 50 kg (110 lb).

UNIFORM 1 - Earth observation satellite for Wakayama University, Japan. Launched 2014. First Launch: 2014-05-24. Last Launch: 2014-05-24. Number: 1 . Gross mass: 50 kg (110 lb).

UniSat - Italian technology satellite developed by the GAUSS (Gruppo di Astrodinamica dell' Universita degli Studi 'la Sapienza') in Roma. Technology satellite for GAUSS (La Sapienza University of Rome), Italy. Launched 2000-2006. Status: Operational 2000. First Launch: 2000-09-26. Last Launch: 2014-06-19. Number: 5 . Gross mass: 12 kg (26 lb).

UniSat 5 - Technology satellite for GAUSS Srl, Italy. Launched 2013. First Launch: 2013-11-21. Last Launch: 2013-11-21. Number: 1 . Gross mass: 28 kg (61 lb).

UniSat 6 - Technology satellite for GAUSS Srl, Italy. Launched 2014. First Launch: 2014-06-19. Last Launch: 2014-06-19. Number: 1 . Gross mass: 26 kg (57 lb).

UniSat 7 - Technology satellite for GAUSS Srl, Italy. Gross mass: 32 kg (70 lb).

UNITE - Science, ionosphere satellite for Purdue University, USA. Cubesat 3U bus. Gross mass: 4.00 kg (8.80 lb).

Unitec - Space qualification of university-built computers. Released in solar orbit 0.72 AU x 1.07 AU x 2.0 deg. Launched 2010.05.20, Status: Operational 2010. First Launch: 2010-05-20. Last Launch: 2010-05-20. Number: 1 .

UNITEC 1 - Technology, interplanetary satellite for UNISEC, Japan. Launched 2010. First Launch: 2010-05-20. Last Launch: 2010-05-20. Number: 1 . Gross mass: 16 kg (35 lb).

United Aircraft - American manufacturer of spacecraft. United Aircraft, USA.

United Kingdom(PSP) astronaut group, 1984 -

United Kingdom(Soyuz) astronaut group, 1989 - Requirement: British cosmonaut for commercially funded mission to Mir station. Date: 1989.

United States Air Force Academy - Alternate name for USAFA.

United States Army - Alternate name for US Army.

United States Navy - Alternate name for USN.

United Technologies - American manufacturer. United Technologies, USA.

United Technologies Corporation - First name of CSD.

United Technology Center - American manufacturer of rocket engines. United Technology Center, USA.

United Technology Corp Chemical Systems Division (UTC CSD) - Alternate name for CSD.

Unity - Alternate name for ISS Unity.

Universal - Ukrainian intercontinental ballistic missile. Yuzhnoye solid-propellant ICBM designed for mass production to counter US 'Star Wars' program. Two built before break-up of Soviet Union. Some design features incorporated into all-Russian Topol-M. Status: Cancelled 1991. Gross mass: 45,000 kg (99,000 lb).

Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM) - Alternate name for UNAM.

Universidad Politecnia de Madrid - Spanish manufacturer of spacecraft. Universidad Politecnia de Madrid, Spain.

Universita Politecnica de Madrid - Alternate name for UPM.

Universitetskiy - Russian technology satellite. Student satellite for radiation studies, ejected from Cosmos 2414. Status: Operational 2005. First Launch: 2005-01-20. Last Launch: 2005-01-20. Number: 1 . Gross mass: 30 kg (66 lb).

Universitetsky - Technology satellite for Moscow State University (MGU), Russia. Launched 2005. First Launch: 2005-01-20. Last Launch: 2005-01-20. Number: 1 . Gross mass: 30 kg (66 lb).

Universitetsky 2 - Technology satellite built by NPP VNIIEM for Moscow State University (MGU), Russia. Launched 2009. First Launch: 2009-09-16. Last Launch: 2009-09-16. Number: 1 . Gross mass: 98 kg (216 lb).

University of Bern - Swiss manufacturer. University of Bern, Switzerland.

University of Bremen - German manufacturer of spacecraft. University of Bremen, Germany.

University of California - University of California

University of Harbin - Alternate designation for Harbin.

University of Harbin - First name of Harbin.

University of Surrey - British manufacturer of spacecraft. University of Surrey, UK.

University ofQueensland, Centre for Hypersonics - Alternate name for UQU.

UNK - Alternate designation for R-UNK.

unk. number - Alternate name of WorldView-Legion 1, ..., (unk. number).

Unknown PRC launch agency - Alternate name for PRCAS.

UNKS - Russian agency. Directorate of the Commander of Space Assets, Russia.

Unmanned Logistic System - Alternate designation for Apollo ULS lunar logistics spacecraft.

Unosat - Brazilian technology satellite. Status: Operational 2003. First Launch: 2003-08-22. Last Launch: 2003-08-22. Number: 1 . Gross mass: 9.00 kg (19.80 lb).

UNOSAT 1 - Technology satellite for Universidade Norte do Paraná (UNOPAR), Brazil. Launched 2003. First Launch: 2003-08-22. Last Launch: 2003-08-22. Number: 1 . Gross mass: 9.00 kg (19.80 lb).

UNRV - Directorate of the Commander of Reactive Armaments (Russian abbreviation - Upravlenie Nachal'nika Reaktivnoy Vooruzhenie)

UNSW-EC0 - Technology, thermospheric research satellite for University of New South Wales, Australia. Launched 2017. Cubesat 2U bus. First Launch: 2017-04-18. Last Launch: 2017-04-18. Number: 1 . Gross mass: 2.00 kg (4.40 lb).

UO 14, 15, 22 - Alternate name of UoSat 3, 4, 5 (UO 14, 15, 22 / UoSAT-OSCAR 14, 15, 22) / Healthsat 1.

UO 9, 11 - Alternate name of UoSat 1, 2 (UO 9, 11 / UoSAT-OSCAR 9, 11).

UoSAT - University of Surrey experimental microsatellite series, used the SSTL-70 bus.

UoSAT - British amateur radio communications satellite. One launch, 2001.09.30, Picosat. Radio science; also carried amateur radio package. Communication and geophysics research satellite. Status: Operational 2001. Gross mass: 50 kg (110 lb).

UoSat 1, 2 - Radio amateur communication satellite built by SSTL for University of Surrey, UK. Launched 1981 - 1984. First Launch: 1981-10-06. Last Launch: 1984-03-01. Number: 2 .

UoSat 12 - Earth observing, Radio amateur communication satellite for SSTL, UK. Launched 1999. Used the Minisat-400 bus. First Launch: 1999-04-21. Last Launch: 1999-04-21. Number: 1 .

UoSat 3, 4, 5 - Radio amateur communication, earth observation, technology satellite for SSTL, UK. Launched 1990-1991. Used the Microsat-70 bus. First Launch: 1990-01-22. Last Launch: 1991-07-17. Number: 2 .

UoSAT-OSCAR 14, 15, 22 - Alternate name of UoSat 3, 4, 5 (UO 14, 15, 22 / UoSAT-OSCAR 14, 15, 22) / Healthsat 1.

UoSAT-OSCAR 9, 11 - Alternate name of UoSat 1, 2 (UO 9, 11 / UoSAT-OSCAR 9, 11).

UP Aerospace - UP Aerospace.

Up Industries - American manufacturer of rockets. Up Industries, USA.

Upgraded Solid Rocket Motor - Alternate designation for USRM.

Upgraded Solid Rocket Motor - Alternate designation for Titan USRM rocket stage.

Upham - Alternate name for Spaceport America launch site.

UPI - Abbreviation for United Press International

UPM - Universidad Politecnia de Madrid Satellite; experimental communications, microgravity experiments. Used LBSAT bus.

UPM - Spanish manufacturer of spacecraft. Madrid Polytechnic University, Madrid, Spain.

UPMK - Cosmonaut Maneuvering and Motion Unit (Russian abbreviation)

Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite - Alternate designation for UARS earth ionosphere satellite.

Uprated Saturn I - American orbital launch vehicle. Initial version of Saturn IB with old-design Saturn IB first stage. Status: Retired 1966. First Launch: 1966-07-05. Last Launch: 1966-08-25. Number: 2 . Gross mass: 587,300 kg (1,294,700 lb). Thrust: 7,290.00 kN (1,638,850 lbf).

Upravleniye Nachalnika Kosmicheskikh Sredstv - Alternate name for UNKS.

UPSat - Technology satellite for University of Patras, Libre Space Foundation, Greece. Launched 2017. Cubesat 2U bus. First Launch: 2017-04-18. Last Launch: 2017-04-18. Number: 1 . Gross mass: 2.00 kg (4.40 lb).

Upstage - American sounding rocket. Sprint test vehicle. Status: Retired 1972. First Launch: 1971-11-01. Last Launch: 1972-08-01. Number: 5 . Gross mass: 6,000 kg (13,200 lb).

Upstage engine - Boeing solid rocket engine. Upstage first stage. Status: Retired 1972. Number: 1 . Gross mass: 6,000 kg (13,200 lb). More at: Solid

Upstage-1 - Alternate name for Upstage engine.

UQU - Australian agency. University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia.

UR- - Universal Rocket (designation numbering series) (Russian abbreviation)

UR-100 - Alternate name of Taran.

UR-100 - Russian intercontinental ballistic missile. The UR-100 lightweight ICBM was the Soviet answer to the US Minuteman and was deployed in larger numbers than any other in history. It remained an enigma outside of intelligence circles in the West until after the collapse of the Soviet Union. It allowed the Soviet Union to match, and then surpass the United States in strategic deterrent capability. As such it was Vladimir Chelomei's crowning legacy to his country. Status: Retired 1984. First Launch: 1965-01-01. Last Launch: 1983-03-03. Number: 262 . Gross mass: 41,410 kg (91,290 lb). Payload: 770 kg (1,690 lb). Thrust: 785.00 kN (176,475 lbf).

UR-100 8K84M - Russian intercontinental ballistic missile. Status: Operational 1970. Gross mass: 50,100 kg (110,400 lb). Payload: 1,050 kg (2,310 lb). Thrust: 876.00 kN (196,932 lbf).

UR-100-1 stage series -

UR-100-2 stage series -

UR-100-3 stage series -

UR-100K - Russian intercontinental ballistic missile. The UR-100K was a version of the 8K84M with further improvements in accuracy and capable of delivering three separate (but not independently targeted) re-entry vehicles. Status: Retired 1990. First Launch: 1969-01-01. Last Launch: 1990-07-17. Number: 119 . Gross mass: 50,100 kg (110,400 lb). Payload: 1,208 kg (2,663 lb).

UR-100M - Alternate name of UR-100 8K84M.

UR-100M - Russian intercontinental ballistic missile. The 8K84M was an improved version of the UR-100 with an improved empty mass fraction, a new guidance system, countermeasures capability, and post-boost maneuverability to defeat enemy anti-ballistic missile systems. Status: Retired 1984. First Launch: 1970-01-01. Last Launch: 1984-01-01. Number: 27 . Gross mass: 50,100 kg (110,400 lb). Payload: 1,050 kg (2,310 lb). Thrust: 876.00 kN (196,932 lbf).

UR-100M SLBM - Russian intercontinental ballistic missile. The UR-100M designation was used for a naval version of the UR-100, developed by Chelomei in 1962-1964. This would fit in the Navy's D-8 launch system. It was rejected in favour of the R-29 from Makeyev, who became the Navy's traditional supplier of SLBM's. Status: Design 1964. Gross mass: 41,410 kg (91,290 lb). Payload: 770 kg (1,690 lb). Thrust: 785.00 kN (176,475 lbf).

UR-100N - Alternate designation for Rokot.

UR-100N - Alternate designation for Strela launch vehicle.

UR-100N - Russian intercontinental ballistic missile. The UR-100N was designed as a replacement for the UR-100 at the end of its ten year storage life. Although it could be installed in the same silos, it was 50% heavier. The competing design of Yangel, the MR-UR-100, was also put into production when the Soviet hierarchy deadlocked and could not pick one design over the other. Status: Active. First Launch: 1972-01-01. Last Launch: 1984-01-01. Number: 73 . Gross mass: 105,600 kg (232,800 lb). Payload: 4,350 kg (9,590 lb). Thrust: 2,038.00 kN (458,160 lbf).

UR-100N MIRV Bus - N2O4/UDMH propellant rocket stage. . Status: Active. Gross mass: 1,100 kg (2,400 lb). Unfuelled mass: 725 kg (1,598 lb). Thrust: 4.90 kN (1,102 lbf). More at: N2O4/UDMH

UR-100N Stage 1N - N2O4/UDMH propellant rocket stage. . Status: Active. Gross mass: 77,150 kg (170,080 lb). Unfuelled mass: 5,695 kg (12,555 lb). Thrust: 1,778.66 kN (399,859 lbf). More at: N2O4/UDMH

UR-100N Stage 2N - N2O4/UDMH propellant rocket stage. Engine has one main engine and four verniers. Verniers continue to burn for 19 seconds after main stage shutoff. Status: Active. Gross mass: 12,195 kg (26,885 lb). Unfuelled mass: 1,485 kg (3,273 lb). Thrust: 214.27 kN (48,170 lbf). More at: N2O4/UDMH

UR-100NU 15A35 - Russian intercontinental ballistic missile. Development of an improved version of the UR-100N was authorized on 16 April 1976 (UR-100NU; U = UTTKh = 'Improved Technical-Tactical Characteristics). Viktor Bugaisk at TsKBM headed the engineering team. The UR-100NU was to have a new warhead dispenser bus and improved guidance system by Vladimir Sergeyev of NII-692. The new system allowed up to six pre-programmed targets to be entered, any one of which could be selected at launch. This allowed deployment of better countermeasures and a considerable improvement in accuracy. Status: Active. First Launch: 1977-10-26. Last Launch: 2018-12-26. Number: 88 . Gross mass: 105,600 kg (232,800 lb). Payload: 4,350 kg (9,590 lb). Thrust: 1,870.00 kN (420,390 lbf).

UR-100NU 15A35P - Russian intercontinental ballistic missile. Status: Retired 1992. First Launch: 1990-03-29. Last Launch: 1992-07-28. Number: 4 . Gross mass: 105,600 kg (232,800 lb).

UR-100NU 15A35S - Russian intercontinental ballistic missile. Status: Retired 1986. First Launch: 1982-10-21. Last Launch: 1986-01-01. Number: 11 . Gross mass: 105,600 kg (232,800 lb).

UR-100NUTTKh - Alternate designation for UR-100NU 15A35.

UR-100U - Russian intercontinental ballistic missile. The UR-100U was a development of the UR-100K with improved shock isolation in the silo. Status: Retired 1976. First Launch: 1971-01-01. Last Launch: 1976-01-01. Number: 20 . Gross mass: 50,100 kg (110,400 lb). Payload: 1,208 kg (2,663 lb).

UR-200 - Russian intercontinental ballistic missile. Universal rocket designed by Chelomei to cover the ICBM, FOBS, satellite launch vehicle, and spaceplane booster roles. Flight tested in 1963-1964 but cancelled in favour of Yangel's R-36. Status: Retired 1964. First Launch: 1963-11-05. Last Launch: 1964-10-20. Number: 9 . Gross mass: 135,710 kg (299,180 lb). Payload: 2,000 kg (4,400 lb). Thrust: 1,998.69 kN (449,323 lbf).

UR-200-1 - N2O4/UDMH propellant rocket stage. TsNIIMash has 1:10 structural simulation model. Developed 1960-1965. Orevo has sectioned hardware. All data accurate except empty mass prorated between first and second stages. Status: Design 1962. Gross mass: 107,500 kg (236,900 lb). Unfuelled mass: 6,600 kg (14,500 lb). Thrust: 2,235.00 kN (502,447 lbf). More at: N2O4/UDMH

UR-200-2 - N2O4/UDMH propellant rocket stage. TsNIIMash has 1:10 structural simulation model. Developed 1960-1965. Orevo has sectioned hardware. All data accurate except empty mass prorated between first and second stages. Status: Retired 2007. Gross mass: 25,810 kg (56,900 lb). Unfuelled mass: 2,400 kg (5,200 lb). Thrust: 612.90 kN (137,785 lbf). More at: N2O4/UDMH

UR-200A - Russian intercontinental boost-glide missile. Version that would boost the Raketoplan combat re-entry vehicle, which would use aerodynamic horizontal and vertical maneuvering to penetrate enemy space defenses and be practically invulnerable.

UR-200B - Russian orbital missile. Global rocket version. Would place nuclear warhead into orbit, which would approach United States from any direction at low altitude and be deorbited with little warning time on enemy targets.

UR-500 - The original UR-500 two stage configuration was designed as a monster ICBM. It was flown four times from 1965, but never deployed as an operational missile. The design was succeeded by three and four stage versions for launching of large payloads into space. Status: Retired 1966. First Launch: 1965-07-16. Last Launch: 1966-07-06. Number: 4 . Gross mass: 595,490 kg (1,312,830 lb). Payload: 8,400 kg (18,500 lb). Thrust: 8,847.00 kN (1,988,884 lbf).

UR-500 - Alternate designation for Initial UR-500.

UR-500 Monoblok Stage 1M - Alternate name for Monoblock UR-500-1M.

UR-500 Polyblock Stage 1P - Alternate name for Polyblock UR-500-1P.

UR-500 Stage 2 - Alternate name for Monoblock UR-500-2.

UR-500 Stage 3 - Alternate name for Monoblock UR-500-3.

UR-500-2 - N2O4/UDMH propellant rocket stage. Proton UR-500 second stage. Flew only on two-stage version of Proton. Empty mass is correct; all other values estimated based on UR-500 Stage 2 original design and UR-500K stage 2 figures. Status: Retired 1966. Gross mass: 134,900 kg (297,400 lb). Unfuelled mass: 13,180 kg (29,050 lb). Thrust: 2,399.19 kN (539,359 lbf). More at: N2O4/UDMH

UR-500K - Alternate designation for Proton-K/17S40.

UR-500K - Alternate designation for Proton-K.

UR-500K - Alternate designation for Proton-K/DM-2M.

UR-500K - Alternate designation for Proton-K/D-1.

UR-500K - Alternate designation for Proton-K/D-2.

UR-500K - Alternate designation for Proton-K/DM-2.

UR-500K - Alternate designation for Proton-K/DM.

UR-500KM - Alternate designation for Proton/Briz K/M.

UR-500KM - Alternate designation for Proton KM-4 Briz M.

UR-500MK - In 1975 Chelomei proposed this version of the Proton powered by LOx/kerosene NK-33 engines developed for the cancelled N1 moon booster. This would give the Soviet Union an equivalent to the all-new Zenit-2 booster being developed by Glushko, but at a fraction of the time and expense through the use of existing components. The proposal had no chance politically, and was never seriously considered. Status: Design 1975. Gross mass: 1,000,000 kg (2,200,000 lb). Payload: 30,000 kg (66,000 lb). Thrust: 11,300.00 kN (2,540,300 lbf).

UR-500MK-1 - LOx/Kerosene propellant rocket stage. Empty mass estimated based on overall vehicle mass fraction. Length estimated based on total mass. Status: Design 1975. Gross mass: 137,000 kg (302,000 lb). Unfuelled mass: 9,300 kg (20,500 lb). Thrust: 1,637.00 kN (368,012 lbf). More at: Lox/Kerosene

UR-500MK-2 - LOx/Kerosene propellant rocket stage. Empty mass estimated based on overall vehicle mass fraction. Length estimated based on total mass. Status: Design 1975. Gross mass: 161,000 kg (354,000 lb). Unfuelled mass: 11,000 kg (24,000 lb). Thrust: 1,860.00 kN (418,140 lbf). More at: Lox/Kerosene

UR-530 - 1976 design for an upgraded Proton, replacing the first stage with a cluster of six modular stages derived from the UR-100N first stage. Detail design to the draft project stage was undertaken in 1976-1977 but the much larger and more expensive Energia/Buran system was selected for development instead. Status: Design 1977. Gross mass: 1,200,000 kg (2,600,000 lb). Payload: 36,000 kg (79,000 lb).

UR-700 - Russian heavy-lift orbital launch vehicle. The UR-700 was the member of Vladimir Chelomei's Universal Rocket family designed in the 1960's to allow direct manned flight by the LK-700 spacecraft to the surface of the moon. However Korolev's N1 was the selected Soviet super-booster design. Only when the N1 ran into schedule problems in 1967 was work on the UR-700 resumed. The draft project foresaw first launch in May 1972. But no financing for full scale development was forthcoming; by then it was apparent that the moon race was lost. Status: Cancelled 1968. Gross mass: 4,823,000 kg (10,632,000 lb). Payload: 151,000 kg (332,000 lb). Thrust: 56,500.00 kN (12,701,700 lbf).

UR-700 / 11D54 - Russian heavy-lift orbital launch vehicle. UR-700 with high energy upper stage consisting of 9 x RD-54 / 11D54 LOx/LH2 engines with a total thrust of 360 metric tons. Usable third stage propellant 300 metric tons, payload to a 200 km, 51.5 degree orbit increased to 185 metric tons Status: Design 1968. Gross mass: 4,790,000 kg (10,560,000 lb). Payload: 185,000 kg (407,000 lb). Thrust: 56,500.00 kN (12,701,700 lbf).

UR-700 / RD-350 - Russian heavy-lift orbital launch vehicle. UR-700 with high energy upper stage consisting of 3 x RD-350 LF2/LH2 engines with a total thrust of 450 metric tons. Usable third stage propellant 350 metric tons, payload increased to 215 metric tons Status: Design 1968. Gross mass: 4,800,000 kg (10,500,000 lb). Payload: 215,000 kg (473,000 lb). Thrust: 56,500.00 kN (12,701,700 lbf).

UR-700 / RO-31 - Russian heavy-lift orbital launch vehicle. UR-700 with high energy upper stage consisting of 7 x RO-31 Nuclear A engines using LH2+Methane propellants with a total thrust of 280 metric tons. Usable third stage propellant 196 metric tons, payload increased to 230 to 250 metric tons Status: Design 1968. Gross mass: 4,823,000 kg (10,632,000 lb). Payload: 270,000 kg (590,000 lb). Thrust: 56,500.00 kN (12,701,700 lbf).

UR-700-1 - N2O4/UDMH propellant rocket stage. Includes propellant tanks which fed stage two engines from liftoff to first stage cutoff. Status: Development ended 1968. Gross mass: 3,210,000 kg (7,070,000 lb). Unfuelled mass: 222,100 kg (489,600 lb). Thrust: 40,364.00 kN (9,074,188 lbf). More at: N2O4/UDMH

UR-700-2 - N2O4/UDMH propellant rocket stage. . Status: Development ended 1968. Gross mass: 1,072,000 kg (2,363,000 lb). Unfuelled mass: 75,600 kg (166,600 lb). Thrust: 20,182.00 kN (4,537,094 lbf). More at: N2O4/UDMH

UR-700-3 - N2O4/UDMH propellant rocket stage. . Status: Development ended 1968. Gross mass: 399,400 kg (880,500 lb). Unfuelled mass: 26,000 kg (57,000 lb). Thrust: 5,139.60 kN (1,155,428 lbf). More at: N2O4/UDMH

UR-700-4 - N2O4/UDMH propellant rocket stage. Estimated empty mass. Three used to propel LK-700 spacecraft towards moon. Status: Development ended 1968. Gross mass: 33,500 kg (73,800 lb). Unfuelled mass: 1,900 kg (4,100 lb). Thrust: 131.40 kN (29,540 lbf). More at: N2O4/UDMH

UR-700-5 - Alternate designation for UR-700-RO-31.

UR-700M - Russian heavy-lift orbital launch vehicle. In 1969 the Soviet Union began project Aelita, studying the best method to beat the Americans in landing a man on Mars. Chelomei's team reached the conclusion that a Mars expedition would best be launched by an immense vehicle would allow their MK-700 Mars spacecraft to be orbited in two launches. The proposed UR-700M launch vehicle had a gross lift-off mass of 16,000 metric tons and could deliver 750 metric tons to orbit. By 1972 the Nixon administration had cancelled NASA's plans for manned Mars missions. Perhaps not coincidentally, a Soviet expert commission the same year concluded that the Mars project - and the UR-700M booster - were beyond the technical and economical capabilities of the Soviet Union and should be shelved indefinitely. Status: Design 1972. Gross mass: 16,000,000 kg (35,000,000 lb). Payload: 750,000 kg (1,650,000 lb). Thrust: 200,000.00 kN (44,960,000 lbf).

UR-700M-1 - LOx/Kerosene propellant rocket stage. Total mass, length, estimated based on empty mass, total vehicle mass. Engine specific impulse estimated based on follow-on RD-170 engines. Status: Design 1972. Gross mass: 8,000,000 kg (17,600,000 lb). Unfuelled mass: 750,000 kg (1,650,000 lb). Thrust: 204,027.00 kN (45,867,094 lbf). More at: Lox/Kerosene

UR-700M-2 - LOx/Kerosene propellant rocket stage. Total mass, length, estimated based on empty mass, total vehicle mass. Engine specific impulse estimated based on follow-on RD-170 engines. Status: Design 1972. Gross mass: 5,250,000 kg (11,570,000 lb). Unfuelled mass: 500,000 kg (1,100,000 lb). Thrust: 102,013.60 kN (22,933,570 lbf). More at: Lox/Kerosene

UR-700M-3 - LOx/LH2 propellant rocket stage. Total mass, length, estimated based on empty mass, total vehicle mass. Engine specific impulse estimated based on performance requirements. Status: Design 1972. Gross mass: 2,000,000 kg (4,400,000 lb). Unfuelled mass: 200,000 kg (440,000 lb). Thrust: 11,700.00 kN (2,630,200 lbf). More at: Lox/LH2

UR-700-RO-31 - Rocket stage used on UR-700 launch vehicle.

UR-900 - Russian heavy-lift orbital launch vehicle. In 1962 Vladimir Chelomei proposed a family of modular launch vehicles. In January 1969, Chelomei was proposing the UR-900 for the Mars expedition. A garbled description of this launch vehicle appears in Chertok's memoirs. This would seem to be a version of the UR-700 moon rocket using 15 RD-270 modules in the first and second stages in place as opposed to the nine modules of the UR-700. The third and fourth stages were derived from the UR-500. The booster could deliver 240 metric tons to low earth orbit. Status: Design 1969. Gross mass: 8,000,000 kg (17,600,000 lb). Payload: 240,000 kg (520,000 lb). Thrust: 94,000.00 kN (21,132,000 lbf).

Uragan - Russian surface-to-air missile. Naval system using the Buk surface-to-air missile. Status: Operational 1983. Payload: 70 kg (154 lb).

Uragan - Code name for Glonass navigation satellite.

Uragan (Hurricane ) - Alternate name for Soyuz TM-21.

Uragan (Hurricane) - Alternate designation for Soyuz TM-21.

Uragan 11F654 - Navigation satellite built by NPO Prikladnoi Mekhaniki (NPO PM) / NPO Polyot, Russia. Launched 1982 - 2005. First Launch: 1982-10-12. Last Launch: 2005-12-25. Number: 36 . Gross mass: 1,415 kg (3,119 lb).

Uragan 3M90 - Russian surface-to-air missile. VMF version of the Uragan surface-to-air missile system. Gross mass: 690 kg (1,520 lb).

Uragan 9K37M1 - Russian surface-to-air missile. Export version of the Uragan surface-to-air missile system. Status: Operational 1983. Gross mass: 690 kg (1,520 lb).

Uragan Space Interceptor - Russian manned combat spacecraft. Russian sources continue to maintain that the Uragan manned spaceplane project never existed. Status: Operational 1987. First Launch: 1987-08-01. Last Launch: 1987-08-28. Number: 2 . Gross mass: 13,000 kg (28,000 lb).

Uragan-GVM - Dummy satellite satellite, Russia. Launched 1982 - 1985. First Launch: 1982-10-12. Last Launch: 1985-12-24. Number: 8 . Gross mass: 1,414 kg (3,117 lb).

Uragan-K1 - Navigation satellite built by ISS Reshetnev (ex NPO Prikladnoi Mekhaniki, NPO PM), Russia. Launched 2011 - 2014. Used the Ekspress-1000A bus (3-Axis stabilized, 2 solar arrays) bus. First Launch: 2011-02-26. Last Launch: 2014-11-30. Number: 2 . Gross mass: 962 kg (2,120 lb).

Uragan-K2 - Navigation satellite built by ISS Reshetnev (ex NPO Prikladnoi Mekhaniki, NPO PM), Russia. Gross mass: 1,645 kg (3,626 lb).

Uragan-M - Navigation satellite built by NPO Prikladnoi Mekhaniki (NPO PM), Russia. Launched 2001 - 2016. Used 3-Axis stabilized Uragan-M bus. First Launch: 2001-12-01. Last Launch: 2016-05-29. Number: 39 . Gross mass: 1,415 kg (3,119 lb).

Ural - Alternate name of Buk-M1-2.

Ural - Alternate designation for UR-500.

Ural (Urals ) - Alternate name for Soyuz 12.

Ural (Urals ) - Alternate name for Soyuz 18-1.

Ural (Urals) - Alternate designation for Soyuz 18-1.

Ural (Urals) - Alternate designation for Soyuz 12.

Uran - Russian cruise missile.

Uran - Alternate designation for Soyuz TM-34 ISS EP-3.

Uran - Alternate designation for Soyuz TM-31.

Uran - Code name for IS-P military anti-satellite system target satellite.

Uran (Uranus ) - Alternate name for Soyuz TM-22.

Uran (Uranus) - Alternate designation for Soyuz TM-22.

Uran-M - Russian ballistic missile.

Urbani, Luca - Italian physician payload specialist astronaut, 1995-1996. Alternate Payload Specialist for STS-78 Mission LMS-1. Italian Air Force. Status: Inactive; Active 1995-1996. Born: 1957-05-11.

Urbanski, Arthur P - German-American engineer in WW2, member of the Rocket Team in the United States thereafter. As of 1960, Head of Mechanical Systems Analysis Branch, Quality Division, NASA Marshall Space Flight Center. Died at Huntsville. Born: 1900-01-24. Died: 1977-01-07.

Urda - Tactical missile launch site. First Launch: 1957-09-21. Last Launch: 1957-10-02. Number: 8 .

Urga - Alternate name of 82R.

Uribyol 1, 2 - Alternate name of Kitsat 1, 2 (Uribyol 1, 2 / Kitsat-OSCAR 23, 25 / KO 23, 25).

Uribyol 3 - Alternate name of Kitsat 3 (Uribyol 3).

URK-5 - Alternate name of 85R Rastrub.

URPK-3/-4 - Alternate name of 85R.

URSA MAIOR - Technology, thermospheric research satellite for University of Rome "LA SAPIENZA", Italy. Launched 2017. Cubesat 3U bus. First Launch: 2017-05-25. Last Launch: 2017-05-25. Number: 1 . Gross mass: 3.00 kg (6.60 lb).

UrtheCast 1 - ISS earth observation payload operated by UrtheCast, Canada. Launched 2013. First Launch: 2013-11-25. Last Launch: 2013-11-25. Number: 1 .

Uruguay -

Urumqi - Chinese mobile long range ballistic missile test area. First Launch: 2010-01-11. Last Launch: 2014-07-23. Number: 3 .

US - Alternate name for Prognoz SPRN.

US Air Force Air Proving Ground Center, Eglin AFB - Alternate name for APGC.

US Air Force Cambridge Research Laboratories - Alternate name for AFCRL.

US Air Force Research Laboratories/RV (Space Vehicles Directorate) - Alternate name for AFRL.

US Air Force Systems Command, Los Angeles AFS - Alternate name for AFSC.

US Army - US Army, overseeing development of rockets, missiles, and spacecraft for its use.

US Army Ballistic Research Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground - Alternate name for BRL.

US Army Kwajalein Atoll - Alternate name for Kwajalein.

US Army Space & Missile Defense Center (U.S.) - U.S. Army Space & Missile Defense Center, USA

US Army Space and Missile Defense Command (USASMDC) - Alternate name for SMDC.

US Atomic Energy Commission - Alternate name for AEC.

US Cruise Missiles - Category of launch vehicles.

US Defense Atomic Support Agency - Alternate name for DASA.

US Naval Academy - Alternate name for USNA.

US Naval Missile Center - Alternate name for NMC.

US Navy - American agency.

US Rocketplanes - Category of spacecraft.

US7A - US 7th Army (Germany), Pershing battalions

USA - Alternate designation for BRL.

USA - United States of America.

US-A - Russian military naval surveillance radar satellite. The US-A (later known as RLS) was a nuclear powered RORSAT (Radar Ocean Reconnaissance Satellite). Ocean surveillance, active radar satellite, Russia. Launched 1970 - 1988. Used US-Bus. Status: Operational 1965. First Launch: 1965-12-27. Last Launch: 1988-03-14. Number: 38 . Gross mass: 4,300 kg (9,400 lb).

USA - Space Stations - Wernher von Braun brought Noordung's rotating station design with him from Europe. This he popularized in the early 1950's in selling manned space flight to the American public. By the late 1950's von Braun's team favored the spent-stage concept - which eventually flew as Skylab. By the mid-1960's, NASA was concentrating on modular, purpose-built, zero-G stations. These eventually flew as the International Space Station.

USA 185 - American earth magnetosphere satellite. One launch, 2005.09.23. Classified research satellite, said to carry instruments to characterize the space environment in a sun-synchronous orbit. Status: Operational 2005. Gross mass: 417 kg (919 lb).

USA 193 - Alternate name of NROL-21 (NRO L-21, USA 193).

USA 193 - American military technology satellite. US shoots down failed USA 193 satellite. Classified NRO mission of uncertain objectives, possibly military observation with a mixed payload. Status: Operational 2006. First Launch: 2006-12-14. Last Launch: 2006-12-14. Number: 1 .

USA 276 - Alternate name of NROL 76 (USA 276).

USA 32, 45, 81 - Alternate name of P-11 5103, ..., 5105 (USA 32, 45, 81).

USA 41 - American classified satellite deployed during the Columbia (STS-28R) mission from a MPEC (Multi-Purpose Experiment Canister) canister. First Launch: 1989-08-08. Last Launch: 1989-08-08. Number: 1 .

USA 70 - American classified satellite deployed during the Columbia (STS-39) mission from a MPEC (Multi-Purpose Experiment Canister) canister. First Launch: 1991-04-28. Last Launch: 1991-04-28. Number: 1 .

USA ABMA - American agency. Army Ballistic Missile Agency, USA.

USA ACE - American agency. USA ACE, USA.

USA BMO - American agency. US Army Ballistic Missiles Office, USA.

USA BRL - American agency. US Army Ballistic Research Laboratory, USA.

USA ERDL - American agency. US Army Engineer Research and Development Laboratory, USA.

USA MDA - American agency. USA MDA, USA.

USA military satellites - USA military satellites

USA OR - American agency. US Army Ordnance Research and Development Division Sub-Office (Rocket), USA.

USA SCEL - American agency. US Army Signal Corps Engineering Laboratories, USA.

USA SDC - American agency. US Army Strategic Defense Command, USA.

USA series - Designation applied to series of classified satellites launched by the United States beginning in 1984, probably inspired by the Soviet Union's 'Cosmos' series.

USA SMDC - American agency. US Army Space and Missile Defense Command, USA.

USA SRDL - American agency. US Army Signal Research and Development Laboratory, USA.

USA SSDC - American agency. US Army Space and Strategic Defense Command, USA.

USA TOPO - American agency. USA TOPO, USA.

USA USA - American agency. US Army 84th Field Artillery, USA.

Usachyov, Yuri Vladimirovich - Russian engineer cosmonaut 1989-2004. 552 cumulative days in space. Flight record: 4 spaceflights, 552.9 days in space. Flew to orbit on Soyuz TM-18 (1994), Soyuz TM-23, STS-101, STS-102.. Status: Inactive; Active 1989-2004. Born: 1957-10-09. Spaceflights: 4 . Total time in space: 552.93 days.

USAF - Alternate designation for AFSC.

USAF - Alternate designation for AFRL.

USAF - Alternate designation for AFCRL.

USAF - American agency overseeing development of rockets and spacecraft. United States Air Force, USA.

USAF Academy - USAF Academy, Colorado Springs, USA

USAF ACC - American agency. Air Combat Command, USA.

USAF AFC - American agency. USAF AFC, USA.

USAF AFLC - Air Force Logistics Command

USAF AFMC - American agency. Air Force Materiel Command, USA.

USAF AFRL - American manufacturer of spacecraft. Air Force Research Laboratory, USA.

USAF AFSC - American's Air Force Systems Command, supervising design, development, and procurement of USAF missiles 1951-1992.

USAF AFSPC - American agency. Air Force Space Command, USA.

USAF AFSWC - American agency. Air Force Special Weapons Center, USA.

USAF AFTAC - US Air Force Technical Applications Center

USAF APGC - American agency. Air Proving Ground Command, USA.

USAF BMD - American agency. USAF Ballistic Systems Division, USA.

USAF BMO - American agency. Ballistic Missiles Office, USA.

USAF Colorado Springs - American manufacturer of spacecraft. USAF Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs, Colorado, USA.

USAF CRL - The US Air Force Cambridge Research Laboratory, Cambridge, Massachusetts, was the USAF center for countermeasure activities up to 1961. That work was moved to another division and AFCRL continued its atmospheric and geophysics research under the newly-created Office for Atmospheric Research.

USAF ETR - American agency. Eastern Test Range, USA.

USAF GL - American agency. US Air Force Geophysics Laboratory, USA.

USAF NAIC - American agency. National Air Intelligence Center, USA.

USAF OAR - American agency. USAF OAR, USA.

USAF Recommended Station - American manned space station. Study 1962. During 1962 NASA Centers, the Air Force, and many of the major aerospace contractors were developing possible space station concepts and studying their potential uses. Status: Study 1962.

USAF RL - American agency. USAF Research Laboratory, USA.

USAF Rome - American agency. USAF Rome Laboratories, New York, USA.

USAF SAC - American agency. Strategic Air Command, USA.

USAF SAMSO - American agency overseeing development of spacecraft. Space and Missile Systems Organization, USA.

USAF SM - American agency overseeing development of spacecraft. Air Force Space and Missiles Command, USA.

USAF SOR - American agency overseeing development of spacecraft. USAF SOR, USA.

USAF STP - American agency overseeing development of spacecraft. USAF STP, USA.

USAF Study - American agency. USAF Study, USA.

USAF TAC - American agency. Tactical Air Command, USA.

USAFA - American manufacturer. USAFA, USA.

USAKA - Alternate name for Kwajalein.

US-AM - Manufacturer's designation for US-A military naval surveillance radar satellite.

USAMICOM - American manufacturer. USAMICOM, USA.

US-AO - Ocean surveillance, active radar satellite, Russia. Launched 1965 - 1969. Used US-Bus. First Launch: 1965-12-27. Last Launch: 1969-01-25. Number: 5 .

USB - Russian military anti-satellite system. Study 1978. As platforms for operational versions of space-borne weapons NPO Energia designed a Universal Service Block, based on the DOS-7K space station, in the late 1970's/early 1980's. Status: Study 1978. Gross mass: 20,000 kg (44,000 lb).

USB (Russian abbreviation) - Universal Service Block (Russian abbreviations)

USC - American manufacturer. USC, USA.

USCG - US Coast Guard

USCGC - Abbreviation or acronym for US Coast Guard Cutter

USEF - Japanese agency. USEF, Japan.

USERS - Japanese materials science satellite. USERS (Unmanned Space Experiment Recovery System) was a Japanese microgravity experimental satellite. Micro gravity and return satellite built by Mitsubishi Electric (MELCO) for Institute for Unmanned Space Experiment Free Flyer (USEF), Japan. Launched 2002. Status: Operational 2002. First Launch: 2002-09-10. Last Launch: 2002-09-10. Number: 1 . Gross mass: 1,500 kg (3,300 lb).

USK - Space system to observe rocket launches (Russian abbreviations)

US-K - Early warning satellite built by Lavochkin, Russia. Launched 1972 - 2010. First Launch: 1972-09-19. Last Launch: 2010-09-30. Number: 86 . Gross mass: 2,400 kg (5,200 lb).

US-KMO - Early warning satellite built by Lavochkin, Russia. Launched 1991 - 2012. Used US-KMO-Bus. First Launch: 1991-02-14. Last Launch: 2012-03-30. Number: 8 . Gross mass: 2,600 kg (5,700 lb).

US-KMO - Manufacturer's designation for Prognoz SPRN military early warning satellite.

US-KS - Early warning satellite built by Lavochkin, Russia. Launched 1975 - 1997. First Launch: 1975-10-08. Last Launch: 1997-08-14. Number: 7 . Gross mass: 2,400 kg (5,200 lb).

US-KS - Manufacturer's designation for Oko military early warning satellite.

USM - Alternate name of UDM (USM).

USM No. 176-01 - Manufacturer's designation for ISS Zvezda manned space station.

USM No. 176-01 - Alternate name for ISS Zvezda.

USMC - US Marine Corps

USML - Name for specially-configured Spacelab.

USML-1 astronaut group, 1990 -

USML-2 astronaut group, 1994 -

USMP - United States Microgravity Payload, a complement of experiments mounted on two connected Spacelab Multipurpose Experiment Support Structures (MPESSs) Status: Operational 1992. First Launch: 1992-10-22. Last Launch: 1997-11-19. Number: 8 .

USMP-2 - Alternate name for STS-62.

USN - Alternate designation for NAWC.

USN - Alternate designation for Naval Propellant Plant.

USN - Alternate designation for NOTS.

USN - American agency overseeing development of rockets, spacecraft, and rocket engines. USN Joint Task Force 7, USA.

USN NASC - American agency. USN NASC, USA.

USN Naval Prop Plant - Naval Prop Plant.

USN NMC - American agency. Naval Missile Center, USA.

USN NOL - American agency. Naval Ordnance Laboratory, USA.

USN NOTS - American agency. Naval Ordnance Test Station, USA.

USN ONR - American agency. Office of Naval Research, USA.

USN PGS - American agency. USN Postgraduate School, USA.

USNA - American manufacturer of spacecraft. United States Naval Academy, USA.

USN-Observer astronaut group, 1984 -

US-P - Russian military naval radarsat. The US-P (later known as RTR) was a solar powered EORSAT (Electronic Ocean Reconnaissance Satellite). Ocean surveillance, passive satellite, Russia. Launched 1974 - 1991. Used US-Bus. Status: Operational 1974. First Launch: 1974-12-24. Last Launch: 1991-01-18. Number: 37 . Gross mass: 3,300 kg (7,200 lb).

USP (Victoria) - RKK Energia geostationary satellite bus.

US-PM - Alternate designation for US-PU.

US-PM - Manufacturer's designation for US-P military naval signals reconnaissance satellite.

US-PU - Ukrainian military naval radarsat. Ocean surveillance, passive satellite, Russia. Launched 1993 - 2006. Used US-Bus. Status: Operational 1993. First Launch: 1993-03-30. Last Launch: 2006-06-24. Number: 13 . Gross mass: 3,150 kg (6,940 lb).

US-PU - Manufacturer's designation for Pirs-2 military naval signals reconnaissance satellite.

USRM - Hercules solid rocket engine.Strap-on booster for Titan 4B. First flight 1997. Status: First flight 1997. Number: 34 . Gross mass: 357,239 kg (787,577 lb). Unfuelled mass: 52,040 kg (114,720 lb). Thrust: 7,560.50 kN (1,699,668 lbf). More at: Solid

US-Roland - Alternate name of Roland 2 MIM-115.

USS - Experiment-carrying truss carried in the space shuttle cargo bay. Based on the original SPAS structure (but without the avionics and attitude control) flown on the Spacelab D-1 and D-2 missions. Status: Operational 1985. First Launch: 1985-10-30. Last Launch: 1993-04-26. Number: 2 .

USS Langley - Technology satellite built by US Naval Academy; Pumpkin Inc. (bus) for US Naval Academy, USA. Launched 2015. Cubesat 3U bus. First Launch: 2015-05-20. Last Launch: 2015-05-20. Number: 1 . Gross mass: 5.00 kg (11.00 lb).

US-Senate astronaut group, 1998 -

USSR - The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics was one of the two major spacefaring nations during its existence. After the breakup of the USSR in 1991, most of the industry and infrastructure remained in Russia, with two main exceptions - the Yuzhnoye plant in Ukraine, and the Baikonur cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. In order to not necessarily complicate the narrative, all entries for the USSR or under Russia - although birthplaces of Soviet citizens and post-Soviet Ukrainian rockets are listed as originating in the respective later countries.

Ustinov, Dmitri Fedorovich - Russian politician. Primary manager of the Soviet missile and space programs 1946-1976. In charge of development of Soviet rocketry 1946-1957. Chairman of the VPK 1957-1963. Secretary of Central Committee for Defense and Space 1965-1976. Born: 1908-10-30. Died: 1984-12-20.

Ustinov, Nikolai Grigoyevich - Russian officer. Colonel, worked at NII-4 from 1950 to 1976. After 1976 Senior Scientific Specialist for oceanography at the Academy of Sciences. Managed development of space tracking vessels Komarov, Gagarin, and Korolev. Born: 1921.

Ustka - Alternate name for Leba.

USUSat, Dawgstar, HokieSat - Alternate name of ION-F (USUSat, Dawgstar, HokieSat / Nanosat 2).

USU-SDL - Utah State U. Space Dynamics Lab, USA

UT - Universal Time (a.k.a. GMT, or Zulu Time; or UTC)

UTC - Coordinated Universal Time (subtly different from UT)

Ute - American sounding rocket. The Ute (TU-715) motor was developed from the Genie motor baseline. Later derivatives were combined with booster or upper stages. Status: Retired 1974.

Ute Apache - American sounding rocket. Two stage vehicle consisting of 1 x Ute + 1 x Apache Status: Retired 1972. First Launch: 1972-03-18. Last Launch: 1972-03-18. Number: 1 . Gross mass: 500 kg (1,100 lb). Thrust: 60.00 kN (13,488 lbf).

Ute Tomahawk - American sounding rocket. The Ute (TU-715) motor was developed from the Genie motor baseline to serve as a first stage booster in the Ute-Tomahawk sounding rocket vehicle. 2 stage vehicle consisting of 1 x Ute + 1 x Tomahawk Status: Retired 1976. First Launch: 1971-11-16. Last Launch: 1976-01-23. Number: 37 . Gross mass: 500 kg (1,100 lb). Thrust: 60.00 kN (13,488 lbf).

Ute Tomahawk-1 - Alternate name for TU-715.

Utkin, Ivan Ivanovich - Russian engineer. Chief Designer 1960-1970 of NII IT. Specialized in spacecraft memory data recorders. Born: 1910-04-23. Died: 1985-08-29.

Utkin, Vladimir Fedorovich - Russian chief designer. Deputy Chief Designer 1961-1971 of Yangel design bureau. Succeeded Yangel as Chief Designer in 1971. After the breakup of the Soviet Union, left the Ukraine in 1990 to become head of TsAGI in Moscow. Born: 1923-10-17. Died: 2000-02-15.

Utsch, Albert - German-American design engineer for McDonnell on the Mercury and Gemini spacecraft. Born: 1902-03-02. Died: 1970-10-01.

UV - Abbreviation for Ultraviolet

UVS - Abbreviation for UltraViolet Spectrometer

UWE 1, 2, 3 - Communications technology satellite for Bayerische Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Germany. Launched 2005-2013. First was released from SSETI Express and failed; contact lost on 17 November. Cubesat 1U bus. First Launch: 2005-10-27. Last Launch: 2013-11-21. Number: 3 . Gross mass: 1.00 kg (2.20 lb).

Uzbekistan - Uzbekistan

Uzhur - Headquarters of an RVSN Division, 1965-present. The division operated 64 heavy ICBM silos (R-36). By the 1990's these were supplemented with 12 RT-23 launchers.

UZKA - Directorate of the Deputy Commander of Artillery (Russian abbreviation)

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