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Mercury

Mercury June 1958

Mercury June 1958
Langley Mercury capsule layout, June 1958
Credit: NASA

American single-crew manned spacecraft. Mercury was America's first man-in-space project, but ran second in the space race, trailing behind the achievements of the Soviet Vostok spacecraft. However lessons learned in Mercury were applied to the follow-on Gemini, which would put America in the space race lead, heading toward final victory with the American moon landing nine years later. ELINT satellite NRO, USA. Launched 1994 - 1998.

Status: Operational 1960. First Launch: 1960-01-21. Last Launch: 1963-05-15. Number: 18 . Thrust: 13.33 kN (2,997 lbf). Gross mass: 1,355 kg (2,987 lb). Unfuelled mass: 1,136 kg (2,504 lb). Height: 4.03 m (13.22 ft).

The capsule had to be as small as possible to match the payload capability of America's first ICBM, the Atlas, which would be used for orbital missions. The much smaller Redstone was used for suborbital flights. The resulting design was less than a third of the weight of the Russian Vostok spacecraft, and more limited as a result. While the Vostok was capable of missions of up to a week, the Mercury's final 24 hour mission was barely completed, with virtually all of the spacecraft's systems having broken down by the end. NASA felt lucky to have astronaut Cooper back alive (although the flight demonstrated a pinpoint re-entry was possible with no electrical power, no ECS, no guidance or instruments!) Alan Shepard's desired week-long Mercury 10 flight was cancelled as a result, an ironic capstone to a program that could have made Shepard the first man in space if NASA had not desired one more unmanned test of the Redstone rocket before his suborbital flight.

A few follow-on uses of Mercury were studied, but the real follow-on was the Gemini, also built by McDonnell.

Unit Cost $: 5.500 million. Crew Size: 1. Orbital Storage: 1.00 days. Habitable Volume: 1.70 m3. RCS total impulse: 30 kgf-sec. Spacecraft delta v: 98 m/s (321 ft/sec). Electric System: 151.00 kWh. Electric System: 2.16 average kW.


More at: Mercury.

Subtopics

Adam American manned spacecraft. In early 1958 Wernher von Braun proposed launching an American aboard an Army Redstone on a suborbital mission into space before the end of 1959 at a cost of under $12 million.

Mercury-Jupiter 2 (MJ-2) Planned manned Mercury long-range suborbital flights using the Jupiter IRBM as a booster. These were considered as an intermediary step in the Mercury program before use of the Jupiter booster in the program was cancelled in July 1959 on cost grounds.

Little Joe 5A In April 1959, plans were made for three or four Mercury-Little Joe flights with animal passengers. NASA secretly considered a manned mission but quickly dropped the idea when the dynamic pressures involved were reviewed.

Mercury Capsule American manned spacecraft module. 18 launches, 1960.01.21 (Mercury LJ-1B) to 1963.05.15 (Mercury MA-9). Reentry capsule.

Mercury Retropack American manned spacecraft module. 18 launches, 1960.01.21 (Mercury LJ-1B) to 1963.05.15 (Mercury MA-9).

Mercury Balloon Flight Tests In January 1959, balloon flights were planned for qualification of the Mercury spacecraft. These would occur from July 1959 to January 1961. Final flights would be manned tests of up to 24 hours duration, with recovery of the capsule at sea. Cancelled May 1959.

Mercury MR-3A Planned manned Mercury flight that would have put an American in space before the Russians. But after booster problems on Mercury MR-2, von Braun insisted on a further unmanned booster test. This proved to be unnecessary. If NASA had overruled Von Braun, Shepard would have been the first man in space, beating Gagarin's flight by three weeks.

Mercury MR-3 First American in space, less than a month after Gagarin, but only on a 15 minute suborbital flight. First manual orientation of a manned spacecraft.

Mercury Mark I American manned spacecraft. Study 1959. Proposed derivatives of the basic one-crew Mercury capsule for investigation of earth orbit rendezvous, lifting re-entry and land landing.

Mercury MR-4 Suborbital flight; second American in space. Hatch blew after splashdown; capsule sank; astronaut barely saved before drowning.

Mercury MR-5 Planned Mercury suborbital flight. After Soviet full-day orbital flight in August 1961, NASA's suborbital hops looked pathetic. Further suborbital Mercury flights were cancelled.

Mercury MR-6 Planned Mercury suborbital flight. Cancelled July 1961; delays in Redstone flights meant Atlas orbital flights were imminent.

Mercury MA-6 First US manned orbital mission, three orbits. False landing bag deploy light led to reentry being started with retropack left in place. It turned out the indicator light was false, but a spectacular reentry ensued.

Mercury Balloon-Subsat 1, 2 Satellite for NASA Langley Research Center, USA. Launched 1962-1963.

Mercury MA-7 Second US manned orbital mission. Excessive fuel use and pilot error led to late re-entry, and landing 300 km past the intended point. Capsule ran out of orientation fuel during re-entry.

Mercury MA-7 Delta 7 Planned second US manned orbital flight. Cancelled 18 March 1962 when astronaut's minor heart condition became public.

Mercury MA-8 Most successful American manned space flight to that date, six orbits, returning to earth precisely, with astronaut aboard recovery ship 40 minutes after landing. Speed record (7,850 m/s).

Mercury MA-9A Planned Mercury six-orbit mission. Canceled and NASA moved directly to an 18-orbit mission due to astronaut shortage and change in concept (flights no longer used just to train astronauts).

Flashing Light Unit Rendezvous Target satellite operated by NASA, USA. Launched 1963.

Mercury MA-9 Final Mercury mission, After 22 orbits, virtually all capsule systems failed. Nevertheless the astronaut was able to manually guide the spacecraft to a pinpoint landing.

Mercury MA-10 Planned second one-day Mercury flight. Cancelled as too risky after Mercury MA-9 achieved objective only after failure of many spacecraft systems.

Mercury MA-11 Planned third one-day Mercury flight. Cancelled as too risky after Mercury MA-9 achieved objective, but only after failure of many spacecraft systems.

Mercury MA-12 Planned fourth one-day Mercury flight. Cancelled mid-1962 in order to move on to Gemini.

Mercury Flight History Mercury Flight History

Family: Manned spacecraft. People: McDonnell, Glenn, Schirra, Shepard, Carpenter, Grissom, Cooper. Country: USA. Spacecraft: Mercury, Mercury Capsule, Mercury Retropack, Radio Test Spacecraft, Mariner 10, Messenger. Flights: Mercury-Jupiter 2 (MJ-2), Little Joe 5A, Mercury Balloon Flight Tests, Mercury MR-3A, Mercury MR-3, Mercury MR-4, Mercury MR-5, Mercury MR-6, Mercury MA-6, Mercury MA-7, Mercury MA-7 Delta 7, Mercury MA-8, Mercury MA-9A, Mercury MA-9, Mercury MA-10, Mercury MA-11, Mercury MA-12. Launch Vehicles: Atlas, Redstone, Jupiter IRBM, Little Joe, Sergeant 5-stage, Atlas D, Redstone MRLV, Little Joe 1 4P, Little Joe 1 2P, Little Joe 1 4C, Saturn C-2, Little Joe 1, Atlas LV-3B / Mercury, Blue Scout II, Saturn I, Saturn V. Propellants: Solid. Launch Sites: Wallops Island, Cape Canaveral, Cape Canaveral LC5, Cape Canaveral LC14, Wallops Island LA1, Wallops Island LA4. Agency: NASA, USAF, NASA Houston. Bibliography: 126, 1269, 148, 16, 160, 17, 18, 183, 2, 2002, 2048, 2049, 2050, 2051, 2052, 2053, 2054, 2055, 2056, 2057, 2058, 2059, 2061, 2062, 2063, 2084, 22, 26, 278, 33, 366, 376, 4368, 483, 59, 6, 60, 4830, 4882, 12818, 12819.
Photo Gallery

Mercury Atlas 5Mercury Atlas 5
Credit: NASA


MercuryMercury
Credit: © Mark Wade


Pigs In SpacePigs In Space
Pigs In Space - NASA used pigs to test human survivability in case of a land 'splashdown' by using pigs - they showed no apparent ill effects - truly 'Spam in a Can'.
Credit: NASA


Mercury GeminiMercury Gemini
Comparison of the Mercury and Gemini capsules.
Credit: © Mark Wade


Mercury ProposalsMercury Proposals
Before Mercury, the US Air Force had a project 'Man in Space Soonest'. This chart summarizes the initial contractor proposals.
Credit: © Mark Wade


MercuryMercury
Credit: Manufacturer Image


Mercury Balloon-SubsMercury Balloon-Subs
Credit: Manufacturer Image


Project 7969 DesignsProject 7969 Designs
Project 7969 designs. From left, top row: North American X-15B; Bell Dynasoar; Northrop Dynasoar; Republic Demi body; Avco manoeuvrable drag cone. Second row: Lockheed; Martin; Aeronutronics; Goodyear; McDonnell; Convair
Credit: © Mark Wade


Gemini 5Gemini 5
Artist concept of Rendezvous Evaluation Pod in orbit with Gemini spacecraft
Credit: NASA



1952 June 18 - .
1956 During the Year - .
1956 February 1 - .
1957 November - .
1957 December 1 - .
1958 January 15 - .
1958 January 24 - .
1958 January 29-31 - .
1958 January 31 - .
1958 January 31 - .
1958 February 1 - .
1958 February 27 - .
1958 March - .
1958 March - .
1958 March 10 - .
1958 March 10 - .
1958 March 12 - .
1958 March 18 - .
1958 March 18-20 - .
1958 April - .
1958 April 2 - .
1958 April 8 - .
1958 May 21 - .
1958 June - .
1958 June - .
1958 June 5 - .
1958 June 13 - . LV Family: Atlas.
1958 June 19 - . Launch Vehicle: Thor, Atlas.
1958 June 22 - .
1958 June 25 - .
1958 June 26 - .
1958 July - .
1958 July 9 - .
1958 July 15 - .
1958 July 16 - .
1958 July 18 - .
1958 July 25 - . Launch Vehicle: Thor.
1958 July 29 - .
1958 July 29 - .
1958 July 30 - .
1958 July 30 - .
1958 July 31 - .
1958 August 1 - .
1958 August - .
1958 August 8 - .
1958 August 19 - .
1958 September 1 - . Launch Vehicle: Thor.
1958 September - .
1958 September 11 - .
1958 September 17 - .
1958 September 17 - .
1958 September 24-October 1 - .
1958 September 26 - .
1958 October - .
1958 October 1 - .
1958 October 3-7 - .
1958 October 6 - .
1958 October 7-8 - .
1958 October 7 - .
1958 October 8 - .
1958 October 9 - .
1958 October 14 - .
1958 October 17-18 - . LV Family: Atlas. Launch Vehicle: Atlas D.
1958 October 21 - . Launch Vehicle: Little Joe.
1958 October 23 - .
1958 October 23 - .
1958 October 27 - .
1958 October 30 - .
1958 November-December - .
1958 November - .
1958 November 3 - .
1958 November 5 - .
1958 November 7 - .
1958 November 14 - .
1958 November 14 - .
1958 November 14 - .
1958 November 19 - .
1958 November 24 - . LV Family: Atlas. Launch Vehicle: Atlas D.
1958 November 25 - . Launch Vehicle: Thor, Atlas.
1958 November 26 - .
1958 December - .
1958 December 1 - .
1958 December 2 - .
1958 December 3 - .
1958 December 8 - . LV Family: Atlas. Launch Vehicle: Atlas D.
1958 December 9 - .
1958 December 11 - .
1958 December 12 - .
1958 December 17 - .
1958 December 20 - . LV Family: Atlas.
1958 December 29 - . Launch Vehicle: Little Joe.
1958 December 30 - .
1958 December 31 - . Launch Vehicle: Little Joe.
1959 January-February - .
1959 January-July - .
1959 January - .
1959 January - .
1959 January 5 - .
1959 January 6 - .
1959 January 8 - . LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Redstone MRLV.
1959 January 9 - .
1959 January 12 - .
1959 January 14 - .
1959 January 16 - .
1959 January 16 - .
1959 January 21 - .
1959 January 25 - .
1959 January 26 - .
1959 January 29 - .
1959 January 30 - .
1959 February - . LV Family: Atlas. Launch Vehicle: Atlas D.
1959 February 1-14 - .
1959 February 6 - .
1959 February 7 - .
1959 February 10 - .
1959 February 11 - .
1959 February 12-13 - . LV Family: Atlas. Launch Vehicle: Atlas D.
1959 February 15 - .
1959 February 17 - .
1959 February 17 - .
1959 February 19 - .
1959 February 20 - .
1959 February 24 - .
1959 February 26 - .
1959 February 26 - .
1959 February 27 - .
1959 March - .
1959 March 6 - .
1959 March 8 - .
1959 March 9 - .
1959 March 10 - .
1959 March 11 - .
1959 March 11 - .
1959 March 11 - . LV Family: Atlas.
1959 March 17 - . Launch Vehicle: Little Joe.
1959 March 17-18 - .
1959 March 20 - .
1959 March 23 - .
1959 March 26 - .
1959 March 26 - . Launch Vehicle: Little Joe.
1959 March 27 - .
1959 March 28 - .
1959 March 29 - . Launch Vehicle: Little Joe.
1959 March 30 - . LV Family: Jupiter. Launch Vehicle: Jupiter IRBM.
1959 March 31 - .
1959 April - .
1959 April 2-5 - .
1959 April 2 - .
1959 April 2-16 - . Launch Vehicle: Little Joe.
1959 April 2-16 - .
1959 April 2 - .
1959 April 9-10 - .
1959 April 9 - .
1959 April 10 - .
1959 April 12 - .
1959 April 12 - .
1959 April 13 - .
1959 April 13 - .
1959 April 15 - . Launch Vehicle: Little Joe.
1959 April 16 - .
1959 April 16 - .
1959 April 16 - .
1959 April 22 - .
1959 April 26 - . LV Family: Atlas.
1959 April 27 - .
1959 April 27 - .
1959 April 27 - .
1959 May 1 - . Launch Vehicle: Little Joe.
1959 May 5 - .
1959 May 6 - . Launch Vehicle: Little Joe.
1959 May 12-14 - .
1959 May 14 - . LV Family: Atlas. Launch Vehicle: Atlas D.
1959 May 17 - .
1959 May 21 - .
1959 May 22 - .
1959 May 22 - .
1959 May 25 - .
1959 May 25-26 - .
1959 May 25-26 - . LV Family: Saturn I. Launch Vehicle: Saturn C-2.
1959 May 25-26 - .
1959 May 28 - . Launch Vehicle: Little Joe.
1959 May 28 - .
1959 June - .
1959 June 1 - .
1959 June - .
1959 June 4 - .
1959 June 4 - .
1959 June 5 - . LV Family: Atlas. Launch Vehicle: Atlas D.
1959 June 5 - .
1959 June 5 - . LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Redstone MRLV.
1959 June 8 - .
1959 June 8 - . Launch Vehicle: Little Joe.
1959 June 8 - .
1959 June 12 - .
1959 June 14-27 - .
1959 June 18 - .
1959 June 19 - .
1959 June 19 - .
1959 Summer - .
1959 June 24 - . LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Redstone MRLV.
1959 June 25-26 - .
1959 June 25-26 - . Launch Vehicle: Saturn V.
1959 June 25-26 - . LV Family: Saturn I. Launch Vehicle: Saturn C-2.
1959 June 25 - .
1959 June 28 - . Launch Vehicle: Little Joe.
1959 June 29 - .
1959 July - .
1959 July - .
1959 July 1 - . LV Family: Jupiter. Launch Vehicle: Jupiter IRBM.
1959 July 1 - .
1959 July - .
1959 July 6 - .
1959 July 6 - .
1959 July 8 - . LV Family: Jupiter. Launch Vehicle: Juno II.
1959 July 12 - . LV Family: Atlas. Launch Vehicle: Atlas D.
1959 July 13 - .
1959 July 13 - .
1959 July 20 - .
1959 July 20 - .
1959 July 20 - .
1959 July 21 - .
1959 July 22 - .
1959 July 28 - . Launch Vehicle: Little Joe.
1959 July 30 - .
1959 July 31 - .
1959 August - .
1959 August 4 - .
1959 August 6 - .
1959 August 10 - .
1959 August 14 - .
1959 August 15 - .
1959 August 25 - .
1959 August 28 - . LV Family: Atlas. Launch Vehicle: Atlas D.
1959 September - .
1959 September 1 - .
1959 September 1-7 - .
1959 September 1 - .
1959 September 2 - . Launch Site: Wallops Island. Launch Complex: Wallops Island. Launch Vehicle: Little Joe 1. FAILURE: Emergency escape rocket fired 30 minutes before planned launch..
1959 September 9 - .
1959 September 10-11 - .
1959 September 11 - .
1959 September 15 - .
1959 September 19 - .
1959 September 21 - .
1959 September 22 - .
1959 September 28 - .
1959 October - .
1959 October - .
1959 October 1 - .
1959 October 13 - .
1959 October 15 - .
1959 October 20 - .
1959 October 30 - .
1959 November - .
1959 November 1 - .
1959 November - .
1959 November 1 - .
1959 November 8 - .
1959 November 10 - .
1959 November 12 - .
1959 November 16-20 - .
1959 November 20 - . LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Redstone MRLV.
1959 November 27 - .
1959 November 27 - .
1959 December - .
1959 December - .
1959 December - .
1959 December 4 - . Launch Site: Wallops Island. Launch Complex: Wallops Island.
1959 December 7 - .
1959 December 8 - .
1959 December 22 - . LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Redstone MRLV.
1959 December 31 - .
1959 December 31 - .
1959 December 31 - .
1959 December 31 - .
1960 January - .
1960 January - .
1960 January - .
1960 January 6 - .
1960 January 7 - .
1960 January 11 - .
1960 January 15 - .
1960 January 15 - .
1960 January 15 - .
1960 January 18 - . LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Redstone MRLV.
1960 January 18 - . LV Family: Atlas. Launch Vehicle: Atlas D.
1960 January 19 - .
1960 January 21 - . LV Family: Atlas. Launch Vehicle: Atlas D.
1960 January 21 - . 14:23 GMT - . Launch Site: Wallops Island. Launch Complex: Wallops Island LA1. Launch Vehicle: Little Joe 1.
1960 January 25 - .
1960 January 31 - .
First quarter 1960 - .
1960 February-April - .
1960 February - .
1960 February 1 - .
1960 February 1 - . Launch Vehicle: Little Joe.
1960 February-April - .
1960 February 5 - .
1960 February 5 - .
1960 February 5 - .
1960 February 8 - . LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Redstone MRLV.
1960 February 11 - .
1960 February 12 - .
1960 February 15 - .
1960 February 15 - .
1960 February 18 - .
1960 February 22 - .
1960 February 26 - .
1960 February 27 - .
1960 February 29 - .
1960 March - .
1960 March-April - . LV Family: Atlas. Launch Vehicle: Atlas D.
1960 March - .
1960 March 7-10 - .
1960 March 9 - .
1960 March 11 - .
1960 March 11 - .
1960 March 16 - . LV Family: Atlas. Launch Vehicle: Atlas D.
1960 March 19 - .
1960 March 19 - .
1960 March 24 - . Launch Site: Wallops Island. LV Family: Sergeant. Launch Vehicle: Sergeant 5-stage.
1960 March 28 - .
1960 March 29 - .
1960 April 1 - .
1960 April 1 - .
1960 April - .
1960 April 5 - .
1960 April 7 - .
1960 April 8 - .
1960 April 12 - .
1960 April 15 - .
1960 April 15 - .
1960 April 18 - .
1960 April 26 - .
1960 April 29 - .
1960 April 29 - .
1960 May - .
1960 May-July - .
1960 May - .
1960 May 9 - . Launch Site: Wallops Island. Launch Complex: Wallops Island.
1960 May 9 - .
1960 May 12 - .
1960 May 14 - .
1960 May 15 - .
1960 May 23 - .
1960 June - .
1960 June - .
1960 June 2 - .
1960 June 3 - .
1960 June 9 - .
1960 June 18 - . LV Family: Atlas. Launch Vehicle: Atlas D.
1960 June 20 - .
1960 June 20 - .
1960 June 27 - .
1960 June 30 - .
1960 July - .
1960 July 7 - .
1960 July 7 - .
1960 July 9 - .
1960 July 12 - .
1960 July 14 - .
1960 July 23 - . LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Redstone MRLV.
1960 July 27 - .
1960 July 29 - .
1960 July 29 - . 13:13 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC14. LV Family: Atlas. Launch Vehicle: Atlas D. FAILURE: Structural failure of Atlas.. Failed Stage: 1.
1960 August - .
1961 August 1960 to February - . LV Family: Atlas. Launch Vehicle: Atlas D.
1960 August 1 - . LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Redstone MRLV.
1960 August - .
1960 August - .
1960 August 3 - . LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Redstone MRLV.
1960 August 10 - .
1960 August 11 - .
1960 August 11 - . LV Family: Atlas. Launch Vehicle: Atlas D.
1960 August 12 - .
1960 August 16-18 - .
1960 August 24 - .
1960 August 26 - .
1960 September 1 - .
1960 September 1 - .
1960 September 3 - .
1960 September 9 - .
1960 September 12 - .
1960 September 19 - . LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Redstone MRLV.
1960 September 20 - . LV Family: Atlas. Launch Vehicle: Atlas D.
1960 September 21 - .
1960 September 21 - .
1960 September 26 - . LV Family: Atlas. Launch Vehicle: Atlas D.
1960 September 27 - . Launch Vehicle: Little Joe.
1960 September 30 - .
1960 October 13-14 - .
1960 October 17 - .
1960 October 17 - . LV Family: Atlas.
1960 October 17 - .
1960 October 17 - .
1960 October 18 - .
1960 October 18 - . LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Redstone MRLV.
1960 October 31 - .
1960 November 1 - .
1960 November-December - .
1960 November 8 - .
1960 November 8 - . 15:18 GMT - . Launch Site: Wallops Island. Launch Complex: Wallops Island LA1. Launch Vehicle: Little Joe 1. FAILURE: At 15.4 seconds the escape rocket motor and tower jettison motor ignited prematurely..
1960 November 13 - .
1960 November 16 - .
1960 November 17 - .
1960 November 18 - . LV Family: Atlas. Launch Vehicle: Atlas D.
1960 November 18 - .
1960 November 21-30 - .
1960 November 21 - . LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Redstone MRLV.
1960 November 21 - . 14:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC5. LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Redstone MRLV. FAILURE: Engine cut off after 1 sec, vehicle fell back to the pad from a few centimeters height, but did not explode. This faulty ground-support circuitry had not been noted on some 60 previous Redstone firings.. Failed Stage: 1.
Late 1960 - . Launch Vehicle: Little Joe.
1960 December 1 - .
1960 December 1 - .
1960 December 2 - .
1960 December 3 - . LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Redstone MRLV.
1960 December 9 - . LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Redstone MRLV.
1960 December 14 - .
1960 December 19 - . 16:15 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC5. LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Redstone MRLV.
1960 December 20 - . LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Redstone MRLV.
1961 January - .
1961 During the Year - .
January 1961 - .
1961 January 3 - .
1961 January 3 - .
1961 January 5-6 - .
1961 January 16 - . LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Redstone MRLV.
1961 January 20 - . Launch Vehicle: Little Joe.
1961 January 31 - .
1961 January 31 - .
1961 January 31 - . 16:54 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC5. LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Redstone MRLV.
1961 February - .
1961 February - .
1961 February 3 - .
1961 February 10 - .
1961 February 10 - . LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Redstone MRLV.
1961 February 17 - .
1961 February 17-20 - . LV Family: Atlas. Launch Vehicle: Atlas D.
1961 February 17 - .
1961 February 17 - . LV Family: Atlas. Launch Vehicle: Atlas D.
1961 February 21 - .
1961 February 21 - .
1961 February 21 - . 14:12 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC14. LV Family: Atlas. Launch Vehicle: Atlas D.
1961 February 23 - .
1961 February 24 - . LV Family: Atlas. Launch Vehicle: Atlas D.
1961 February 25 - .
1961 March 2 - .
1961 March 3 - . LV Family: Atlas. Launch Vehicle: Atlas D.
1961 March 6 - .
1961 March 6-7 - .
1961 March 7 - . LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Redstone MRLV.
1961 March 7 - . LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Redstone MRLV.
1961 March 8 - .
1961 March 14 - . LV Family: Atlas. Launch Vehicle: Atlas D.
1961 March 15 - .
1961 March 16 - .
1961 March 16 - .
1961 March 16 - .
1961 March 18 - . 16:49 GMT - . Launch Site: Wallops Island. Launch Complex: Wallops Island LA1. Launch Vehicle: Little Joe 1. FAILURE: Escape tower fired prematurely.
1961 March 20 - .
1961 March 20 - .
1961 March 21 - . LV Family: Atlas. Launch Vehicle: Atlas D.
1961 March 24 - .
1961 March 24 - .
1961 March 24 - . 17:30 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC5. LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Redstone MRLV.
1961 March 27 - .
1961 March 30 - . LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Redstone MRLV.
1961 March 31 - .
1961 April 2 - .
1961 April 3 - .
1961 April 4 - .
1961 April 4 - . Launch Vehicle: Little Joe.
1961 April 4 - . LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Redstone MRLV.
1961 April 14 - .
1961 April 18 - .
1961 April 20 - . LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Redstone MRLV.
1961 April 25 - . 16:15 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC14. LV Family: Atlas. Launch Vehicle: Atlas D. FAILURE: Destroyed by range safety.. Failed Stage: G.
1961 April 28 - . LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Redstone MRLV.
1961 April 28 - . 14:03 GMT - . Launch Site: Wallops Island. Launch Complex: Wallops Island LA4. Launch Vehicle: Little Joe 1.
1961 May 1 - . LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Redstone MRLV.
1961 May 2 - . LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Redstone MRLV.
1961 May 5 - . LV Family: Scout. Launch Vehicle: Scout A.
1961 May 5 - . 14:34 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC5. LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Redstone MRLV.
1961 May 8 - .
1961 May 9 - . LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Redstone MRLV.
1961 May 11 - . LV Family: Atlas. Launch Vehicle: Atlas D.
1961 May 13 - .
1961 May 17 - . LV Family: Atlas. Launch Vehicle: Atlas D.
1961 May 19 - .
1961 May 23-24 - .
1961 May 26 - .
1961 May 26 - .
1961 May 29 - . LV Family: Atlas. Launch Vehicle: Atlas D.
1961 June 1 - . LV Family: Atlas. Launch Vehicle: Atlas D.
1961 June 6 - .
1961 June 8 - . LV Family: Atlas. Launch Vehicle: Atlas D.
1961 June 12 - . LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Redstone MRLV.
1961 June 13-25 - .
1961 June 13 - .
1961 June 13 - . LV Family: Scout. Launch Vehicle: Scout A.
1961 June 21 - .
1961 June 22 - . LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Redstone MRLV.
1961 June 22 - . LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Redstone MRLV.
1961 June 24 - .
1961 June 28 - .
1961 June 28 - .
1961 June 29-30 - .
1961 June 29-30 - . LV Family: Atlas. Launch Vehicle: Atlas D.
1961 July 1 - .
1961 July - . LV Family: Titan. Launch Vehicle: Titan II.
1961 July 11 - .
1961 July 13-15 - .
1961 July 13 - .
1961 July 13 - . LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Redstone MRLV.
1961 July 13 - . LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Redstone MRLV.
1961 July 15 - . LV Family: Atlas. Launch Vehicle: Atlas D.
1961 July 18-19 - .
1961 July 19 - . LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Redstone MRLV.
1961 July 21 - . 12:20 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC5. LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Redstone MRLV.
1961 July 22 - .
1961 July 31 to 1961 September 15 - .
1961 August 1-3 - .
1961 August 5 to October 12 - .
1961 August 9 - . LV Family: Atlas. Launch Vehicle: Atlas D.
1961 August 9 - . LV Family: Atlas. Launch Vehicle: Atlas D.
1961 August 13 - .
1961 August 18 - . LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Redstone MRLV.
1961 August 22 - .
1961 August 24 - . LV Family: Atlas. Launch Vehicle: Atlas D.
1961 August 27 - .
1961 August 30 - . LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Redstone MRLV.
1961 Late summer - . LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Redstone MRLV.
1961 September 5, 9 and 14 - .
1961 September 8 - .
1961 September 13 - . 14:04 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC14. LV Family: Atlas. Launch Vehicle: Atlas D.
1961 September 18 - . LV Family: Atlas. Launch Vehicle: Atlas D.
1961 September 22 - .
1961 September 22 - .
1961 September 24 - .
1961 September 24 - .
1961 October - .
1961 October 1 - .
1961 October 1 - . LV Family: Atlas. Launch Vehicle: Atlas D.
1961 October 9 - . LV Family: Atlas. Launch Vehicle: Atlas D.
1961 October 20 - .
1961 October 23 - . LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Redstone MRLV.
1961 October 23 - .
1961 October 25 - .
1961 October 26-27 - .
1961 October 29 - . LV Family: Scout. Launch Vehicle: Scout A.
1961 October 29 - .
1961 Autumn - . LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Redstone MRLV.
1961 November 1 - . 15:32 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC18B. Launch Pad: LC18B. LV Family: Scout. Launch Vehicle: Blue Scout II. FAILURE: Failure. Failed Stage: U.
1961 November 12 - . LV Family: Atlas. Launch Vehicle: Atlas D.
1961 November 15 - .
1961 November 29 - .
1961 November 29 - .
1961 November 29 - . 15:07 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC14. LV Family: Atlas. Launch Vehicle: Atlas D.
1961 November 30 - . LV Family: Atlas. Launch Vehicle: Atlas D.
1961 December 6 - .
1961 December 6 - .
1961 December 7 - .
1961 December 11-13 - .
1961 December 12 - .
1961 December 13 - .
1961 December 14 - .
1961 December 14-18 - .
1961 December 18 - .
1962 January - .
1962 January - .
1962 January - .
1962 January 3 - .
1962 January 3 - .
1962 January 15 - .
1962 January 15-17 - . LV Family: Atlas. Launch Vehicle: Atlas D.
1962 January 16 - . LV Family: Atlas. Launch Vehicle: Atlas D.
1962 January 23 - .
1962 January 27 - . LV Family: Atlas. Launch Vehicle: Atlas D.
1962 January 30 - . LV Family: Atlas. Launch Vehicle: Atlas D.
1962 February 1 - .
1962 February 14 - . LV Family: Atlas. Launch Vehicle: Atlas D.
1962 February 16 - .
1962 February 20 - . 14:47 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC14. LV Family: Atlas. Launch Vehicle: Atlas D.
1962 February 23 - .
1962 February 25 - . LV Family: Atlas. Launch Vehicle: Atlas D.
1962 February 26 - .
1962 March - .
1962 March 1 - .
1962 March 2 - .
1962 March 4-5 - .
1962 March 6 - . LV Family: Atlas. Launch Vehicle: Atlas D.
1962 March 7 - .
1962 March 9 - .
1962 March 12 - .
1962 March 15 - . LV Family: Atlas. Launch Vehicle: Atlas D.
1962 March 20 - .
1962 March 22 - .
1962 April 6 - . LV Family: Atlas. Launch Vehicle: Atlas D.
1962 April 9 - .
1962 April 15 - .
1962 April 19 - .
1962 April 30 - . LV Family: Atlas. Launch Vehicle: Atlas D.
1962 April 30 - .
1962 May - .
1962 May 1 - .
1962 May 3 - .
1962 May 4 - .
1962 May 4 - .
1962 May 4 - .
1962 May 6 - .
1962 May 7 - .
1962 May 15 - .
1962 May 17 - .
1962 May 19 - .
1962 May - .
1962 May 24 - . 12:45 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC14. LV Family: Atlas. Launch Vehicle: Atlas D.
1962 May 27 - .
1962 May 28 - .
1962 May 28 - .
1962 May 31 - .
1962 June 13 - .
1962 June 25 - .
1962 June 26 - .
1962 June 27 - .
1962 June 28 - .
1962 June 29 - .
1962 July 9 - .
1962 July 13 - .
1962 July 21 - .
1962 July 27 - . LV Family: Atlas. Launch Vehicle: Atlas D.
1962 August - .
1962 August 6 - .
1962 August 8 - . LV Family: Atlas. Launch Vehicle: Atlas D.
1962 August 8 - .
1962 August 10 - .
1962 August 11 - .
1962 August 15 - .
1962 August-September - .
1962 August 21 - .
1962 September 7 - .
1962 September 8 - . LV Family: Atlas. Launch Vehicle: Atlas D.
1962 September 10 - .
1962 September 17 - .
1962 September 18 - .
1962 September 18 - .
1962 September 22 - .
1962 September 28 - .
1962 October 1 - .
1962 October 3 - . 12:15 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC14. LV Family: Atlas. Launch Vehicle: Atlas D.
1962 October 5 - .
1962 October 5 - .
1962 October 5 - .
1962 October 7 - . LV Family: Atlas. Launch Vehicle: Atlas D.
1962 October 9 - . LV Family: Atlas. Launch Vehicle: Atlas D.
1962 October 15 - .
1962 October 15 - .
1962 October 16 - .
1962 October 19 - .
1962 October 23 - .
1962 October 23 - .
1962 October 25 - .
1962 November 1 - .
1962 November 4 - .
1962 November 13 - . LV Family: Atlas. Launch Vehicle: Atlas D.
1962 November 16 - . LV Family: Atlas. Launch Vehicle: Atlas D.
1962 November 16 - .
1962 November 28 - . LV Family: Atlas. Launch Vehicle: Atlas D.
1962 November 28 - .
1962 November 28 - . LV Family: Atlas. Launch Vehicle: Atlas D.
1962 December - .
By the end of 1962 - . LV Family: Atlas. Launch Vehicle: Atlas D.
1962 December 3-4 - .
1962 December 4 - .
1962 December 7 - .
1962 December 14 - .
1962 December 15 - .
1962 December 31 - .
1962 December 31 - .
1963 January 3 - . LV Family: Atlas. Launch Vehicle: Atlas D.
1963 January 7 - .
1963 January 10-16 - .
1963 January 11 - .
1963 January 14 - .
1963 January 14 - .
1963 January 17 - .
1963 January 21 - .
1963 January 22 - .
1963 January 27 - .
1963 February - .
1963 February 1 - .
1963 February 5-14 - .
1963 February 5 - .
1963 February 7 - .
1963 February 12 - . LV Family: Atlas. Launch Vehicle: Atlas D.
1963 February 12 - . LV Family: Atlas. Launch Vehicle: Atlas D.
1963 February 18-22 - .
1963 February 20 - .
1963 February 20 - .
1963 February 21 - .
1963 February 21 - .
1963 February 23 - .
1963 March 1 - .
1963 March 5 - .
1963 March 11 - .
1963 March 19 - .
1963 March 22 - .
1963 March 28 - .
1963 April 5 - .
1963 April 9 - .
1963 April 10-11 - .
1963 April 15 - .
1963 April 16-17 - .
1963 April 20 - .
1963 April 22 - .
1963 April 22 - .
1963 April 22 - . LV Family: Atlas. Launch Vehicle: Atlas D.
1963 May 12-19 - .
1963 May 12 - .
1963 May 14 - .
1963 May 15 - .
1963 May 15 - . 13:04 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC14. LV Family: Atlas. Launch Vehicle: Atlas D.
1963 May 16 - .
1963 May 19 - .
1963 May 21 - .
1963 May 22 - .
1963 May 24 - .
1963 May 29 - .
1963 June 6-7 - .
1963 June 8 - . LV Family: Atlas. Launch Vehicle: Atlas D.
1963 June 12 - .
1963 June 13 - .
1963 October - . LV Family: Atlas. Launch Vehicle: Atlas D.
By the end of 1963 - . LV Family: Atlas. Launch Vehicle: Atlas D.
By the end of 1963 - . LV Family: Atlas. Launch Vehicle: Atlas D.
1973 November 3 - . 05:45 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC36B. LV Family: Atlas. Launch Vehicle: Atlas SLV-3D Centaur.
2004 August 3 - . 06:15 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC17B. Launch Pad: SLC17B. LV Family: Thor. Launch Vehicle: Delta 7925H.

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