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Redstone
Redstone
Redstone
Credit: via Andreas Parsch
Redstone was the first large liquid rocket developed in the US using German V-2 technology. Originally designated Hermes C. Redstones later launched the first US satellite and the first American astronaut into space.

AKA: Hermes C;M8;M9;PGM-11;PGM-11A;PTM-11B;SSM-A-14;SSM-G-14. Status: Retired 1967. First Launch: 1953-08-20. Last Launch: 1965-12-01. Number: 53 . Payload: 3,580 kg (7,890 lb). Thrust: 367.50 kN (82,617 lbf). Gross mass: 27,980 kg (61,680 lb). Height: 21.13 m (69.32 ft). Diameter: 1.83 m (6.00 ft). Span: 3.66 m (12.00 ft). Apogee: 90 km (55 mi).

In November 1944 the US Army funded General Electric Malta under Project Hermes to develop German rocket technology. The GE team made only desultory progress, and with the outbreak of the Korean War the Army discovered an urgent need to field a ballistic missile. The program was shifted to von Braun's German team in New Mexico in 1950, then in 1951 von Braun's team and the project were shifted to the Redstone Arsenal in Alabama. Von Braun's team completed design of the 400 km (250 mile) range missile in 1952. The Redstone combined proven V-2 technology (aerodynamic fins, exhaust diverters for pitch control, liquid oxygen/alcohol propellant) with some new concepts (inertial navigation, separable warhead). The rocket was powered by a version of the Rocketdyne XLR43-NA-1 engine, an evolution of the V-2's powerplant for the USAF Navaho program. As was von Braun's practice, his team built the prototype rockets, with production being handled by an outside contractor. The first test launch was in August 1953, the first Chrysler production missile flew in July 1956, and Redstone became operational with US Army units in Germany in June 1958. Redstone missiles were used to test technology for von Braun's Jupiter IRBM program, designated Jupiter A and Jupiter C, to the eternal confusion of space journalists. Redstone played a vital role in the space race. A Jupiter C put the first American satellite into orbit in 1958 after the Navy's Vanguard (powered by a GE Malta engine) failed. Redstone was also used to put the first Americans into space on two suborbital Mercury-Redstone missions. The military Redstone was retired in 1964, replaced by the much more operationally suitable solid-propellant Pershing. Surplus missiles were used as anti-ballistic missile targets and transferred to Australia, where they put that country's first satellite into orbit.

Redstone could carry the heavy W-39 4 MT W-39 nuclear warhead to a range of 325 km (175 nm) with a CEP of 300 m (1000 ft). It was certainly capable, as demonstrated by Jupiter A, of carrying lighter military payloads to much greater ranges, but during initial development only the Air Force was allowed to develop long-range missiles. The Redstone's drawback was the extensive logistics required for launch. Although mobile, a Redstone battalion comprised 20 heavy vehicles. After reaching a launch position, it took eight hours to survey the site, assemble the missile, mount it on the launch table, align the inertial navigation system, and check it out for launch. Once a launch order was given, it took another 15 minutes to fill the oxidizer tank with cryogenic liquid oxygen before the launch button could be pushed.

Development Cost $: 92.500 million. Recurring Price $: 4.934 million in 1959 dollars. Flyaway Unit Cost: 1.994 million in 1956 dollars. Maximum range: 320 km (190 mi). Number Standard Warheads: 1. Standard warhead: W39. Warhead yield: 3,750 KT. Boost Propulsion: Liquid rocket, Lox/Kerosene. Maximum speed: 5,650 kph (3,510 mph). Initial Operational Capability: 1958. Total Number Built: 120. Total Development Built: 35. Total Production Built: 85.

Stage Data - Redstone


More at: Redstone.

Subtopics

Juno-1 (5 stage) American orbital launch vehicle variant.

Jupiter A American orbital launch vehicle. The Jupiter A was a modified Redstone missile fitted with Jupiter inertial navigation and control system elements. It also tested Hydyne fuel and other engine modifications for the Jupiter C re-entry vehicle test booster.

Jupiter C American orbital launch vehicle. Re-entry vehicle test booster and satellite launcher derived from Redstone missile. The Jupiter A version of the Redstone missile was modified with upper stages to test Jupiter re-entry vehicle configurations. Von Braun's team was ordered to ballast the upper stage with sand to prevent any 'inadvertent' artificial satellites from stealing thunder from the official Vanguard program. Korolev's R-7 orbited the first earth satellite instead. The Jupiter C was retroactively named the 'Juno I' by Von Braun's team.

Jupiter C Juno I American short range ballistic missile. Four stage orbital launch version consisting of 1 x Redstone + 1 x Cluster stage 2 + 1 x Cluster stage 3 + 1 x RTV Motor. The fourth stage allowed the Explorer payload to be placed into orbit.

Redstone MRLV American suborbital launch vehicle. Greatly modified Redstone rocket used to launch the Mercury manned spacecraft on a suborbital trajectory, typically 380 km downrange, 220 km altitude, and a speed of 6800 kph.

SPARTA American orbital launch vehicle. Three stage vehicle consisting of 1 x Redstone + 1 x Antares 2 + 1 x BE-3

Family: pad-launched, short range ballistic. People: von Braun. Country: USA. Engines: A-6. Spacecraft: Explorer A, Explorer B, Adam, Explorer C, Beacon 1, Mercury, Wresat. Launch Sites: White Sands, Cape Canaveral, Cape Canaveral LC4, Cape Canaveral LC6, Cape Canaveral LC5, San Nicolas, Cape Canaveral LC26A, White Sands LC36, Johnston Island, Johnston Island LC1, Johnston Island LC2, Fort Wingate. Stages: Jupiter C stage. Agency: Chrysler. Bibliography: 126, 17, 18, 2, 222, 26, 281, 366, 45, 483, 563, 59, 6, 86.
Photo Gallery

Redstone MissileRedstone Missile
Credit: © Thomas Kladiva - Thomas Kladiva


RedstoneRedstone
Credit: NASA


Wresat launchWresat launch


RedstoneRedstone
Redstone Day We Launched the Tower
Credit: NASA


Mercury RedstoneMercury Redstone
Credit: © Mark Wade


Redstone engineRedstone engine
Credit: © Mark Wade


Redstone AdamRedstone Adam
Credit: © Thomas Kladiva - Thomas Kladiva


Jupiter C launchJupiter C launch
Credit: NASA


Jupiter CcJupiter Cc
Credit: © Mark Wade


Redstone engineRedstone engine
Credit: NASA


Jupiter CJupiter C
Credit: NASA


WresatWresat
Credit: © Mark Wade


Sparta Sparta
Sparta - COSPAR 1967-118



November 1943 - . Launch Vehicle: Redstone.
1944 November 20 - . Launch Vehicle: Redstone.
1946 June 1 - . Launch Vehicle: Redstone.
1947 January 23 - . Launch Site: White Sands. Launch Complex: White Sands. Launch Vehicle: Redstone.
1948 September 15 - . Launch Vehicle: Redstone.
1949 June 1 - . Launch Vehicle: Redstone.
1949 October 28 - . Launch Vehicle: Redstone.
1950 July 10 - . Launch Vehicle: Redstone.
1950 September 11 - . Launch Vehicle: Redstone.
1951 July 10 - . Launch Vehicle: Redstone.
1951 October 31 - . Launch Vehicle: Redstone.
1952 April 1 - . Launch Vehicle: Redstone.
1952 April 8 - . Launch Vehicle: Redstone.
1952 October 1 - . Launch Vehicle: Redstone.
1953 August 20 - . 14:37 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC4. Launch Vehicle: Redstone. FAILURE: Control System malfunction followed by Power Plant malfunction at approximately 80 sec. Ground cut-off command given... Failed Stage: G.
1954 January 27 - . 15:20 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC4. Launch Vehicle: Redstone.
1954 May 5 - . 17:28 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC4. Launch Vehicle: Redstone. FAILURE: Ejector burnout immediately following lift-off.. Failed Stage: 1.
1954 June 25 - . LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Jupiter C.
1954 August 15 - . LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Jupiter C.
1954 August 18 - . 14:04 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC4. Launch Vehicle: Redstone. FAILURE: Steam generator regulator malfunction caused drop in combustion pressure..
1954 September 29 - . Launch Vehicle: Redstone.
1954 November 17 - . 18:12 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC4. Launch Vehicle: Redstone. FAILURE: Ground programmed yaw maneuver caused missile control loss at 80 sec causing power plant erratic behavior. Human error in selection of yaw maneuver impulse.. Failed Stage: G.
1954 December 31 - . Launch Vehicle: Redstone.
1955 February 9 - . 20:15 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC4. Launch Vehicle: Redstone. FAILURE: Separation bolt No. 3 failure. Inverter frequency shift.. Failed Stage: 1.
1955 April 20 - . 06:51 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC6. Launch Vehicle: Redstone. FAILURE: Guidance system malfunction at 310 sec due to air pressure loss. ST-80 lateral guidance only..
1955 May 23 - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral. Launch Vehicle: Redstone.
1955 May 25 - . 04:24 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC6. Launch Vehicle: Redstone. FAILURE: Guidance system malfunction at 155, sec due to wiring error..
1955 June 15 - . Launch Vehicle: Redstone.
1955 August 24 - . LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Jupiter C.
1955 August 31 - . 00:11 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC6. Launch Vehicle: Redstone. FAILURE: Excessive temperature in tail section caused malfunction of jet vane control..
1955 September 22 - . 05:51 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC6. LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Jupiter A. FAILURE: Excessive temperature in tail section caused malfunction of control.. Failed Stage: 1.
1955 December 6 - . 00:46 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC6. LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Jupiter A.
1956 February 1 - . LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Jupiter C.
1956 March 15 - . 00:36 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC6. LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Jupiter A. FAILURE: Early cut-off caused by Incorrect guidance cut-off equation pre-setting. ST-80 gyro spilled at 310 sec..
1956 April 15 - . Launch Vehicle: Redstone.
1956 April 23 - . Launch Vehicle: Redstone.
1956 May 16 - . 04:21 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC6. LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Jupiter A. FAILURE: Missile programmed to cut-off at fuel depletion - this combined with known stability problems caused excessive miss distance..
1956 July 19 - . 08:45 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC5. LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Jupiter A. FAILURE: ST-80 malfunction at theta switch operation - 310 sec..
1956 August 8 - . 08:25 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC6. LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Jupiter A.
1956 September 20 - . 06:45 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC5. LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Jupiter C. FAILURE: Early cut-off due to human error in tanking ..
1956 October 18 - . 09:05 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC6. LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Jupiter A.
1956 October 31 - . 02:04 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC6. LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Jupiter A. FAILURE: Malfunction of yaw gyro at approximately 10 sec. Ground cut-off command given.. Failed Stage: G.
1956 November 14 - . 02:05 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC6. LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Jupiter A. FAILURE: Human error in propellant loading plus programmed fuel depletion cut-off..
1956 November 26 - . LV Family: Atlas, Titan, Thor, Jupiter, Redstone, Pershing.
1956 November 29 - . 13:23 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC6. LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Jupiter A.
1956 December 19 - . 02:30 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC6. LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Jupiter A. FAILURE: First experimental flight with Hydyne. Specific impulse exceeded predicted values. Re-entry system intentionally unstable to test Jupiter alpha control..
1957 January 19 - . 01:37 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC6. LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Jupiter A. FAILURE: Platform roll control malfunction at 310 sec..
1957 March 14 - . 08:12 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC6. LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Jupiter A. FAILURE: Platform interference caused control malfunction at re-entry..
1957 March 28 - . 01:22 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC6. LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Jupiter A.
1957 May 15 - . 07:55 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC6. LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Jupiter C. FAILURE: Loss of instrument compartment pressure at 134 seconds causing failure of pitch gyro prior to cut-off..
1957 June 26 - . 11:09 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC6. LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Jupiter A. FAILURE: Human error in calculation of takeoff weight..
1957 July 12 - . 06:30 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC6. LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Jupiter A. FAILURE: Control system malfunction at re-entry..
1957 July 26 - . 04:17 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC6. LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Jupiter A.
1957 August 8 - . 06:59 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC6. LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Jupiter C.
1957 September 9 - . Launch Vehicle: Redstone.
1957 September 11 - . 02:41 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC6. LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Jupiter A. FAILURE: ST-80 pitch program malfunction..
1957 October 2 - . 19:29 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC6. LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Jupiter A.
1957 October 5 - . LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Jupiter C.
1957 October 31 - . 04:52 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC6. LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Jupiter A. FAILURE: Loss of inter-compartment pressure at 68 sec. Ground cut-off command given.. Failed Stage: 1.
1957 November 7 - . Launch Vehicle: Redstone.
1957 November 8 - . LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Jupiter C.
1957 December 11 - . 00:36 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC6. LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Jupiter A.
1958 January 15 - . 01:24 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC6. LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Jupiter A.
1958 February 1 - . 03:47 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC26A. LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Jupiter C.
1958 February 12 - . 00:54 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC6. Launch Vehicle: Redstone.
1958 February 27 - . 19:59 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC6. Launch Vehicle: Redstone.
1958 March 5 - . 18:27 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC26A. LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Jupiter C. FAILURE: Fourth Stage failed to ignite.. Failed Stage: 4.
1958 March 26 - . 17:38 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC5. LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Jupiter C.
1958 March 27 - . Launch Vehicle: Redstone.
1958 May 17 - . 00:05 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC5. Launch Vehicle: Redstone.
1958 June 1 - . Launch Vehicle: Redstone.
1958 June 3 - . 04:50 GMT - . Launch Site: White Sands. Launch Complex: White Sands LC36. Launch Pad: ALA3. Launch Vehicle: Redstone.
1958 June 12 - . 01:59 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC6. LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Jupiter A.
1958 June 25 - . 03:36 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC6. Launch Vehicle: Redstone. FAILURE: Human error - thrust controller not connected..
1958 July 26 - . 15:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC5. LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Jupiter C.
1958 August 1 - . 09:47 GMT - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. Launch Complex: Johnston Island LC1. Launch Vehicle: Redstone. FAILURE: Failure of tilt program device at lift-off causing vertical night flight did not preclude subsequent system operations and successful mission accomplishment..
1958 August 12 - . 09:27 GMT - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. Launch Complex: Johnston Island LC2. Launch Vehicle: Redstone. FAILURE: Guidance system malfunction at 70 seconds which did not preclude subsequent system operations and successful mission accomplishment..
1958 August 24 - . 06:17 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC5. LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Jupiter C. FAILURE: First Stage collided with upper stages. Second Stage ignited in wrong direction.. Failed Stage: 2.
1958 September 17 - . 18:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC6. Launch Vehicle: Redstone. FAILURE: Programmed maneuver at re-entry and impact in deep water. Accurate survey not possible. CC-57.
1958 October 23 - . 03:21 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC5. LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Jupiter C. FAILURE: Upper stages separated prior to burnout. Structural failure after 149 sec due to vibration disturbances generated by the spinning payload.. Failed Stage: 2.
1958 October 24 - . Launch Vehicle: Redstone.
1958 November 6 - . 00:43 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC6. Launch Vehicle: Redstone. FAILURE: Boost phase normal. Space phase malfunction..
1959 January 8 - . LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Redstone MRLV.
1959 January 19 - . Launch Site: White Sands. Launch Complex: White Sands LC36. Launch Pad: ALA3. Launch Vehicle: Redstone. FAILURE: Human error in connecting separation system..
1959 February 16 - . Launch Site: White Sands. Launch Complex: White Sands LC36. Launch Pad: ALA3. Launch Vehicle: Redstone. FAILURE: Improper setting of thrust controller and malfunction of tilt program at 17 sec.. Failed Stage: G.
1959 March 10 - . Launch Site: White Sands. Launch Complex: White Sands LC36. Launch Pad: ALA3. Launch Vehicle: Redstone.
1959 May 12 - . Launch Site: White Sands. Launch Complex: White Sands LC36. Launch Pad: ALA3. Launch Vehicle: Redstone. FAILURE: Known initial laying error of approximately 26 min..
1959 June 5 - . LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Redstone MRLV.
1959 June 24 - . LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Redstone MRLV.
1959 July 22 - . 04:02 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC26A. Launch Vehicle: Redstone. FAILURE: Control system malfunction during re-entry at 380 sec..
1959 August 5 - . 02:05 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC26A. Launch Vehicle: Redstone. FAILURE: Pre-launch tanking error caused early cut-off by fuel depletion..
1959 September 18 - . Launch Site: White Sands. Launch Complex: White Sands LC36. Launch Pad: ALA3. Launch Vehicle: Redstone.
1959 November 20 - . LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Redstone MRLV.
1959 December 22 - . LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Redstone MRLV.
1960 January 18 - . LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Redstone MRLV.
1960 January 26 - . Launch Site: White Sands. Launch Complex: White Sands LC36. Launch Pad: ALA3. Launch Vehicle: Redstone.
1960 February 8 - . LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Redstone MRLV.
1960 March 15 - . Launch Site: White Sands. Launch Complex: White Sands LC36. Launch Pad: ALA3. Launch Vehicle: Redstone.
1960 March 22 - . 01:22 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC6. Launch Vehicle: Redstone. FAILURE: Control system malfunction during re-entry at 373 sec..
1960 April 15 - . Launch Site: White Sands. Launch Complex: White Sands LC36. Launch Pad: ALA3. Launch Vehicle: Redstone.
1960 June 2 - . Launch Site: White Sands. Launch Complex: White Sands LC36. Launch Pad: ALA3. Launch Vehicle: Redstone.
1960 July 6 - . Launch Site: Fort Wingate. Launch Vehicle: Redstone.
1960 July 23 - . LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Redstone MRLV.
1960 August 1 - . LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Redstone MRLV.
1960 August 3 - . LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Redstone MRLV.
1960 August 10 - . 01:31 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC6. Launch Vehicle: Redstone. FAILURE: Erroneously destroyed during boost by range personnel.. Failed Stage: G.
1960 September 19 - . LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Redstone MRLV.
1960 October 6 - . 03:44 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC6. Launch Vehicle: Redstone. FAILURE: Control system malfunction during re-entry at 375 sec..
1960 October 18 - . LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Redstone MRLV.
1960 November 21 - . LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Redstone MRLV.
1960 November 21 - . 14:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC5. LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Redstone MRLV. FAILURE: Engine cut off after 1 sec, vehicle fell back to the pad from a few centimeters height, but did not explode. This faulty ground-support circuitry had not been noted on some 60 previous Redstone firings.. Failed Stage: 1.
1960 December 3 - . LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Redstone MRLV.
1960 December 9 - . LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Redstone MRLV.
1960 December 19 - . 16:15 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC5. LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Redstone MRLV.
1960 December 20 - . LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Redstone MRLV.
1961 January 16 - . LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Redstone MRLV.
1961 January 22 - . 02:04 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC6. Launch Vehicle: Redstone. FAILURE: Control system malfunction during re-entry at 370 sec..
1961 January 31 - . 16:54 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC5. LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Redstone MRLV.
1961 February 10 - . LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Redstone MRLV.
1961 March 7 - . LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Redstone MRLV.
1961 March 7 - . LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Redstone MRLV.
1961 March 9 - . 02:30 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC6. Launch Vehicle: Redstone. FAILURE: Control system malfunction during re-entry at 374 sec..
1961 March 24 - . 17:30 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC5. LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Redstone MRLV.
1961 March 30 - . LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Redstone MRLV.
1961 April 4 - . LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Redstone MRLV.
1961 April 20 - . LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Redstone MRLV.
1961 April 28 - . LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Redstone MRLV.
1961 May 1 - . LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Redstone MRLV.
1961 May 2 - . LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Redstone MRLV.
1961 May 5 - . 14:34 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC5. LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Redstone MRLV.
1961 May 9 - . LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Redstone MRLV.
1961 May 18 - . 02:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC6. Launch Vehicle: Redstone.
1961 June 12 - . LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Redstone MRLV.
1961 June 22 - . LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Redstone MRLV.
1961 June 22 - . LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Redstone MRLV.
1961 June 27 - . 02:20 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC6. Launch Vehicle: Redstone. FAILURE: Air vane actuator malfunction at 262 sec..
1961 July 6 - . Launch Site: Fort Wingate. Launch Vehicle: Redstone.
1961 July 13 - . LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Redstone MRLV.
1961 July 13 - . LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Redstone MRLV.
1961 July 19 - . LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Redstone MRLV.
1961 July 21 - . 12:20 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC5. LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Redstone MRLV.
1961 August 1 - . Launch Site: Fort Wingate. Launch Vehicle: Redstone. FAILURE: Human error in laying launch azimuth. Drop in inter-compartment pressure suspected..
1961 August 18 - . LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Redstone MRLV.
1961 August 30 - . LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Redstone MRLV.
1961 Late summer - . LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Redstone MRLV.
1961 September 1 - . Launch Site: Fort Wingate. Launch Vehicle: Redstone.
1961 October 1 - . Launch Site: Fort Wingate. Launch Vehicle: Redstone.
1961 October 23 - . LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Redstone MRLV.
1961 Autumn - . LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: Redstone MRLV.
1961 December 15 - . Launch Site: Fort Wingate. Launch Vehicle: Redstone.
1962 June 1 - . Launch Site: Fort Wingate. Launch Vehicle: Redstone.
1962 July 1 - . Launch Site: Fort Wingate. Launch Vehicle: Redstone.
1962 August 1 - . Launch Site: Fort Wingate. Launch Vehicle: Redstone. FAILURE: Human error in repair of pitch .potentiometer..
1962 August 1 - . Launch Site: Fort Wingate. Launch Vehicle: Redstone.
1963 August 5 - . Launch Site: Fort Wingate. Launch Vehicle: Redstone.
1963 August 19 - . Launch Site: Fort Wingate. Launch Vehicle: Redstone.
1963 September 10 - . Launch Site: Fort Wingate. Launch Vehicle: Redstone. FAILURE: Control system malfunction immediately prior to impact..
1963 September 23 - . Launch Site: Fort Wingate. Launch Vehicle: Redstone.
1963 October 5 - . Launch Site: Fort Wingate. Launch Vehicle: Redstone.
1964 June 25 - . Launch Vehicle: Redstone.
1964 October 30 - . Launch Vehicle: Redstone.
1964 December 1 - . Launch Vehicle: Redstone.
1965 November 29 - . Launch Site: San Nicolas. Launch Complex: San Nicolas. Launch Vehicle: Redstone.
1965 November 30 - . Launch Site: San Nicolas. Launch Vehicle: Redstone.
1965 December 1 - . 01:28 GMT - . Launch Site: San Nicolas. Launch Vehicle: Redstone.
1966 November 28 - . 12:15 GMT - . Launch Site: Woomera. Launch Complex: Woomera LA8. LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: SPARTA. FAILURE: Failure. Failed Stage: 1.
1966 December 13 - . 11:50 GMT - . Launch Site: Woomera. Launch Complex: Woomera LA8. LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: SPARTA.
1967 April 20 - . 08:37 GMT - . Launch Site: Woomera. Launch Complex: Woomera LA8. LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: SPARTA.
1967 July 4 - . 23:07 GMT - . Launch Site: Woomera. Launch Complex: Woomera LA8. LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: SPARTA.
1967 July 24 - . 16:43 GMT - . Launch Site: Woomera. Launch Complex: Woomera LA8. LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: SPARTA.
1967 August 17 - . 19:46 GMT - . Launch Site: Woomera. Launch Complex: Woomera LA8. LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: SPARTA.
1967 September 15 - . 16:17 GMT - . Launch Site: Woomera. Launch Complex: Woomera LA8. LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: SPARTA.
1967 October 11 - . 16:22 GMT - . Launch Site: Woomera. Launch Complex: Woomera LA8. LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: SPARTA.
1967 October 31 - . 13:14 GMT - . Launch Site: Woomera. Launch Complex: Woomera LA8. LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: SPARTA.
1967 November 29 - . 04:49 GMT - . Launch Site: Woomera. Launch Complex: Woomera LA8. LV Family: Redstone. Launch Vehicle: SPARTA.

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