Johnston Island

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Johnston Island

Johnston Island

Johnston Island
Credit: © Mark Wade

US military base on this island in the Pacific Ocean. Used for rocket-launched nuclear tests in the 1950's. In the 1960's it was the site for the operational AFP-437 anti-satellite system. The system was retired in 1975. Several sounding rockets were also launched over the years, either in support of nuclear tests or in experiments related to anti-satellite technology.

First Launch: 1958-08-01. Last Launch: 1975-11-06. Number: 148 . Longitude: -169.53 deg. Latitude: 16.73 deg.

Subtopics

Johnston Island LC1 Redstone launch complex. Pad 1. Johnston Island east end.

Johnston Island LC2 Redstone launch complex. Pad 2. Johnston Island east end.

Johnston Island LE1 Delta launch complex. Launch Emplacement 1. Johnston Island northwest end (possibly former Vandenberg AFB LE-7).

Johnston Island LE2 Delta launch complex. Launch Emplacement 2. Johnston Island northwest end (possibly former Vandenberg AFB LE-8).

Johnston Island HAD23 Tomahawk Sandia launch complex. HAD Launcher 23

Johnston Island UL6 Sandhawk launch complex. Universal Launcher 6.

Johnston Island S Johnston Island DOMINIC south launchers.

Family: Suborbital Launch Site, Tomahawk Sandia. Country: USA. Launch Vehicles: Redstone, HJ NIke, Nike Cajun, Doorknob 2, Nike Hercules, Doorknob 1, ASCAMP, Javelin, Thor DSV-2E, Castor-Recruit, Tomahawk, Nike Tomahawk, Thor DSV-2J, Terrier Tomahawk, Sandhawk, Terrier Sandhawk. Launch Sites: Johnston Island LC1, Johnston Island LC2, Johnston Island LE1, Johnston Island LE2, Johnston Island HAD23, Johnston Island UL6, Johnston Island S. Agency: USAF. Bibliography: 2, 9408.

1958 August 1 - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. LV Family: Asp. Launch Vehicle: ASCAMP.

Hardtack Aeronomy mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: Livermore. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1958 August 1 - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. LV Family: Asp. Launch Vehicle: ASCAMP.

Hardtack Aeronomy mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: Livermore. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1958 August 1 - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. LV Family: Asp. Launch Vehicle: ASCAMP.

Hardtack Aeronomy mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: Livermore. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1958 August 1 - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. LV Family: Asp. Launch Vehicle: ASCAMP.

Hardtack Aeronomy mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: Livermore. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1958 August 1 - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. LV Family: Asp. Launch Vehicle: ASCAMP.

Hardtack Aeronomy mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: Livermore. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1958 August 1 - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. LV Family: Asp. Launch Vehicle: ASCAMP.

Hardtack Aeronomy mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: Livermore. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1958 August 1 - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. LV Family: Asp. Launch Vehicle: ASCAMP.

Hardtack Aeronomy mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: Livermore. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1958 August 1 - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. LV Family: Asp. Launch Vehicle: ASCAMP.

Hardtack Aeronomy mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: Livermore. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1958 August 1 - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. LV Family: Asp. Launch Vehicle: ASCAMP.

Hardtack Aeronomy mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: Livermore. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1958 August 1 - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. LV Family: Asp. Launch Vehicle: ASCAMP.

Hardtack Aeronomy mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: Livermore. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1958 August 1 - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. LV Family: Asp. Launch Vehicle: ASCAMP.

Hardtack Aeronomy mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: Livermore. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1958 August 1 - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. LV Family: Asp. Launch Vehicle: ASCAMP.

Hardtack Aeronomy mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: Livermore. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1958 August 1 - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. LV Family: Asp. Launch Vehicle: ASCAMP.

Hardtack Aeronomy mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: Livermore. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1958 August 1 - . 09:47 GMT - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. Launch Complex: Johnston Island LC1. Launch Vehicle: Redstone. FAILURE: Failure of tilt program device at lift-off causing vertical night flight did not preclude subsequent system operations and successful mission accomplishment..

Hardtack Teak Nuclear test - . Nation: USA. Agency: US Army. Apogee: 76 km (47 mi).
Teak was a rocket-launched test of a live W-39 nuclear warhead. Purpose was to measure the effects of high altitude nuclear explosions in order to design warheads for the Nike-Zeus anti-ballistic missile system. The Hardtack Configuration Redstone shot the 3.8 megaton warhead to an altitude of 77.8 km. This was the first rocket-launched nuclear test by the United States.

1958 August 1 - . 09:50 GMT - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. LV Family: Lacrosse. Launch Vehicle: Doorknob.

Aeronomy mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 24 km (14 mi).

1958 August 1 - . 09:50 GMT - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. LV Family: Lacrosse. Launch Vehicle: Doorknob.

Aeronomy mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 83 km (51 mi).

1958 August 1 - . 09:50 GMT - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. LV Family: Lacrosse. Launch Vehicle: Doorknob.

Aeronomy mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 24 km (14 mi).

1958 August 1 - . 09:50 GMT - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. LV Family: Lacrosse. Launch Vehicle: Doorknob.

Aeronomy mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 83 km (51 mi).

1958 August 1 - . 09:50 GMT - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. LV Family: Lacrosse. Launch Vehicle: Doorknob.

Aeronomy mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 24 km (14 mi).

1958 August 1 - . 09:50 GMT - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. LV Family: Lacrosse. Launch Vehicle: Doorknob.

Aeronomy mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 24 km (14 mi).

1958 August 1 - . 09:50 GMT - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. LV Family: Lacrosse. Launch Vehicle: Doorknob.

Aeronomy mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 83 km (51 mi).

1958 August 1 - . 09:50 GMT - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. LV Family: Lacrosse. Launch Vehicle: Doorknob.

Aeronomy mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 83 km (51 mi).

1958 August 11 - . 09:30 GMT - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. LV Family: Lacrosse. Launch Vehicle: Doorknob.

Aeronomy mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 83 km (51 mi).

1958 August 11 - . 09:30 GMT - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. LV Family: Lacrosse. Launch Vehicle: Doorknob.

Aeronomy mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 24 km (14 mi).

1958 August 11 - . 09:30 GMT - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. LV Family: Lacrosse. Launch Vehicle: Doorknob.

Aeronomy mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 83 km (51 mi).

1958 August 11 - . 09:30 GMT - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. LV Family: Lacrosse. Launch Vehicle: Doorknob.

Aeronomy mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 83 km (51 mi).

1958 August 11 - . 09:30 GMT - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. LV Family: Lacrosse. Launch Vehicle: Doorknob.

Aeronomy mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 83 km (51 mi).

1958 August 11 - . 09:30 GMT - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. LV Family: Lacrosse. Launch Vehicle: Doorknob.

Aeronomy mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 83 km (51 mi).

1958 August 11 - . 09:30 GMT - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. LV Family: Lacrosse. Launch Vehicle: Doorknob.

Aeronomy mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 83 km (51 mi).

1958 August 11 - . 09:30 GMT - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. LV Family: Lacrosse. Launch Vehicle: Doorknob.

Aeronomy mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 83 km (51 mi).

1958 August 12 - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. LV Family: Asp. Launch Vehicle: ASCAMP.

Hardtack Aeronomy mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: Livermore. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1958 August 12 - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. LV Family: Asp. Launch Vehicle: ASCAMP.

Hardtack Aeronomy mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: Livermore. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1958 August 12 - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. LV Family: Asp. Launch Vehicle: ASCAMP. FAILURE: Failure.

Hardtack Aeronomy mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: Livermore. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1958 August 12 - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. LV Family: Asp. Launch Vehicle: ASCAMP.

Hardtack Aeronomy mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: Livermore. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1958 August 12 - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. LV Family: Asp. Launch Vehicle: ASCAMP.

Hardtack Aeronomy mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: Livermore. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1958 August 12 - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. LV Family: Asp. Launch Vehicle: ASCAMP.

Hardtack Aeronomy mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: Livermore. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1958 August 12 - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. LV Family: Asp. Launch Vehicle: ASCAMP.

Hardtack Aeronomy mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: Livermore. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1958 August 12 - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. LV Family: Asp. Launch Vehicle: ASCAMP.

Hardtack Aeronomy mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: Livermore. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1958 August 12 - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. LV Family: Asp. Launch Vehicle: ASCAMP.

Hardtack Aeronomy mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: Livermore. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1958 August 12 - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. LV Family: Asp. Launch Vehicle: ASCAMP.

Hardtack Aeronomy mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: Livermore. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1958 August 12 - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. LV Family: Asp. Launch Vehicle: ASCAMP.

Hardtack Aeronomy mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: Livermore. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1958 August 12 - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. LV Family: Asp. Launch Vehicle: ASCAMP.

Hardtack Aeronomy mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: Livermore. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1958 August 12 - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. LV Family: Asp. Launch Vehicle: ASCAMP.

Hardtack Aeronomy mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: Livermore. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1958 August 12 - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. LV Family: Asp. Launch Vehicle: ASCAMP.

Hardtack Aeronomy mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: Livermore. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1958 August 12 - . 09:27 GMT - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. Launch Complex: Johnston Island LC2. Launch Vehicle: Redstone. FAILURE: Guidance system malfunction at 70 seconds which did not preclude subsequent system operations and successful mission accomplishment..

Hardtack Orange Nuclear test - . Nation: USA. Agency: US Army. Apogee: 41 km (25 mi).
Orange was a rocket-launched test of the W-39 warhead. Purpose was to measure the effects of high altitude nuclear explosions in order to design warheads for Nike-Zeus anti-ballistic missile system. The Hardtack Configuration Redstone shot the 3.8 megaton warhead to an altitude of 43 km.

1962 May 2 - . 23:44 GMT - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. Launch Complex: Johnston Island LE1. LV Family: Thor. Launch Vehicle: Thor DSV-2E.

TIGERFISH test - . Nation: USA. Agency: USAF. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1962 June 1 - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. LV Family: Deacon. Launch Vehicle: Nike Cajun.

Aeronomy mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: USAF CRL. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1962 June 4 - . 09:44 GMT - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. Launch Complex: Johnston Island LE1. LV Family: Thor. Launch Vehicle: Thor DSV-2E.

BLUEGILL Nuclear test - . Nation: USA. Agency: USAF. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).
Initial attempt to launch a live nuclear weapon using the Thor IRBM from Johnston Atoll. The range safety radar had been unreliable before launch,. Five minutes after launch, after shutdown of the booster, the Johnston missile tracking system failed. Unable to monitor the warhead's flight path, the range safety officer destroyed it 10 minutes later, prior to warhead detonation.

1962 June 19 - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. LV Family: Deacon. Launch Vehicle: Nike Cajun.

Aeronomy mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: USAF CRL. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1962 June 20 - . 08:46 GMT - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. Launch Complex: Johnston Island LE1. LV Family: Thor. Launch Vehicle: Thor DSV-2E. FAILURE: Failure. Failed Stage: 1.

STARFISH Nuclear test - . Nation: USA. Agency: USAF. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1962 July 1 - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. LV Family: Deacon. Launch Vehicle: Nike Cajun.

7-inch Sphere Aeronomy mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: USAF. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1962 July 8 - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. LV Family: Deacon. Launch Vehicle: Nike Cajun.

7-inch Sphere Aeronomy mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: USAF. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1962 July 9 - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. LV Family: Deacon. Launch Vehicle: Nike Cajun.

Ionosphere winds Aeronomy mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: USAF. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1962 July 9 - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. LV Family: Honest John. Launch Vehicle: Javelin.

Thermal electrons Ionosphere mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: USAF. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1962 July 9 - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. LV Family: Honest John. Launch Vehicle: Javelin.

Thermal electrons Ionosphere mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: USAF. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1962 July 9 - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. LV Family: Deacon. Launch Vehicle: Nike Cajun.

Mass spectrometer Aeronomy mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: USAF. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1962 July 9 - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. LV Family: Deacon. Launch Vehicle: Nike Cajun.

Ionosphere winds Aeronomy mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: USAF. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1962 July 9 - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. LV Family: Deacon. Launch Vehicle: Nike Cajun.

Mass spectrometer Aeronomy mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: USAF. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1962 July 9 - . 08:46 GMT - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. Launch Complex: Johnston Island LE1. LV Family: Thor. Launch Vehicle: Thor DSV-2E.

STARFISH PRIME Nuclear test - . Nation: USA. Agency: USAF. Apogee: 400 km (240 mi).
Successful high-altitude test of a Thor IRBM with a live nuclear warhead. The payload included test instrumentation and a W-49 warhead/Mk-4 re-entry vehicle. The 1.45 megaton bomb exploded at an altitude of 400 km. The explosion was visible 2,600 km away, at Kwajalein Atoll; an artificial aurora lasted seven minutes. The unforeseen and most militarily significant effect was the electromagnetic pulse (EMP) generated by the test. This caused power mains surges in Oahu, knocking out street lights, blowing fuses and circuit breakers, and triggering burglar alarms (and this in the days before microelectronics). The explosion supercharged the Van Allen radiation belts, resulting in several satellites malfunctioning.

1962 July 9 - . 08:51 GMT - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. Launch Complex: Johnston Island LC1. LV Family: Strypi. Launch Vehicle: Strypi Antares.

STARFISH Diag P-4 - . Nation: USA. Agency: DASA. Apogee: 820 km (500 mi).

1962 July 9 - . 08:52 GMT - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. Launch Complex: Johnston Island LC1. LV Family: Strypi. Launch Vehicle: Strypi Antares.

STARFISH Diag P-2 - . Nation: USA. Agency: DASA. Apogee: 1,100 km (600 mi).

1962 July 9 - . 08:55 GMT - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. Launch Complex: Johnston Island LC1. LV Family: Strypi. Launch Vehicle: Strypi Antares.

STARFISH Diag P-7 - . Nation: USA. Agency: DASA. Apogee: 1,200 km (700 mi).

1962 July 9 - . 08:56 GMT - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. Launch Complex: Johnston Island LC1. LV Family: Deacon. Launch Vehicle: Nike Apache.

STARFISH X-ray - . Nation: USA. Apogee: 172 km (106 mi).

1962 July 9 - . 08:56 GMT - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. Launch Complex: Johnston Island LC1. LV Family: Deacon. Launch Vehicle: Nike Apache.

STARFISH X-ray/Beta - . Nation: USA. Apogee: 159 km (98 mi).

1962 July 9 - . 08:56 GMT - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. Launch Complex: Johnston Island LC1. LV Family: Deacon. Launch Vehicle: Nike Apache.

STARFISH X-ray/RCS - . Nation: USA. Apogee: 159 km (98 mi).

1962 July 9 - . 08:56 GMT - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. Launch Complex: Johnston Island LC1. LV Family: Deacon. Launch Vehicle: Nike Apache.

STARFISH X-ray/RCS - . Nation: USA. Apogee: 159 km (98 mi).

1962 July 9 - . 08:56 GMT - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. Launch Complex: Johnston Island LC1. LV Family: Deacon. Launch Vehicle: Nike Apache.

STARFISH X-ray/RCS - . Nation: USA. Apogee: 159 km (98 mi).

1962 July 9 - . 08:57 GMT - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. Launch Complex: Johnston Island LC1. LV Family: Strypi. Launch Vehicle: Strypi Antares.

STARFISH Diag P-6 - . Nation: USA. Agency: DASA. Apogee: 1,030 km (640 mi).

1962 July 9 - . 08:57 GMT - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. Launch Complex: Johnston Island LC1. LV Family: Deacon. Launch Vehicle: Nike Apache.

STARFISH RCS - . Nation: USA. Apogee: 176 km (109 mi).

1962 July 9 - . 08:57 GMT - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. Launch Complex: Johnston Island LC1. LV Family: Strypi. Launch Vehicle: Strypi Antares.

STARFISH Diag P-3 - . Nation: USA. Agency: DASA. Apogee: 900 km (550 mi).

1962 July 9 - . 08:59 GMT - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. LV Family: Honest John. Launch Vehicle: HJ Nike. FAILURE: Failure.

Ionosphere mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: USAF. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1962 July 9 - . 09:03 GMT - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. Launch Complex: Johnston Island LC1. LV Family: Deacon. Launch Vehicle: Nike Apache.

STARFISH Speedball - . Nation: USA. Apogee: 230 km (140 mi).

1962 July 9 - . 09:08 GMT - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. LV Family: Honest John. Launch Vehicle: HJ Nike.

Ionosphere mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: USAF. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1962 July 9 - . 09:11 GMT - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. Launch Complex: Johnston Island LC1. LV Family: Deacon. Launch Vehicle: Nike Apache.

STARFISH Speedball - . Nation: USA. Apogee: 230 km (140 mi).

1962 July 9 - . 09:16 GMT - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. Launch Complex: Johnston Island LC1. LV Family: Honest John. Launch Vehicle: Javelin.

STARFISH Diag. - . Nation: USA. Agency: USAF. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1962 July 9 - . 09:20 GMT - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. Launch Complex: Johnston Island LC1. LV Family: Honest John. Launch Vehicle: Javelin.

STARFISH Diag. - . Nation: USA. Agency: USAF. Apogee: 640 km (390 mi).

1962 July 9 - . 09:31 GMT - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. Launch Complex: Johnston Island LC1. LV Family: Deacon. Launch Vehicle: Nike Apache.

STARFISH Speedball - . Nation: USA. Apogee: 230 km (140 mi).

1962 July 9 - . 09:40 GMT - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. Launch Complex: Johnston Island LC1. LV Family: Honest John. Launch Vehicle: Javelin.

STARFISH Diag. - . Nation: USA. Agency: USAF. Apogee: 640 km (390 mi).

1962 July 9 - . 09:59 GMT - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. Launch Complex: Johnston Island LC1. LV Family: Deacon. Launch Vehicle: Nike Apache.

STARFISH RCS - . Nation: USA. Apogee: 137 km (85 mi).

1962 July 10 - . 15:49 GMT - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. Launch Complex: Johnston Island LC1. LV Family: Deacon. Launch Vehicle: Nike Cajun.

STARFISH Na - . Nation: USA. Agency: USAF. Apogee: 137 km (85 mi).

1962 July 19 - . 08:40 GMT - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. LV Family: Deacon. Launch Vehicle: Nike Cajun.

7-inch Sphere Aeronomy mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: USAF. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1962 July 23 - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. LV Family: Honest John. Launch Vehicle: Javelin.

Mass spectrometer Aeronomy mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: USAF. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1962 July 23 - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. LV Family: Deacon. Launch Vehicle: Nike Cajun.

Sphere / Mass spectrometer Aeronomy mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: USAF. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1962 July 26 - . 09:13 GMT - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. Launch Complex: Johnston Island LE1. LV Family: Thor. Launch Vehicle: Thor DSV-2E. FAILURE: Thor exploded on liftoff.. Failed Stage: 1.

BLUEGILL PRIME Nuclear test - . Nation: USA. Agency: USAF. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).
Second attempt to launch a nuclear weapon using the Thor IRBM. The payload consisted of two re-entry vehicles, one with an instrument pod, the other with the warhead. The missile engine malfunctioned immediately on ignition. Range safety fired the destruct system whille the missile was still on the launch pad. The Johnston Island launch complex was heavily damaged and contaminated with plutonium. Three months of repairs and decontamination were necessary before tests could resume.

1962 August 1 - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. Launch Vehicle: Nike Hercules. FAILURE: Failure.

Certification - . Nation: USA. Agency: USAF. Apogee: 5.00 km (3.10 mi).

1962 September 1 - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. Launch Vehicle: Nike Hercules. FAILURE: Failure.

Certification - . Nation: USA. Agency: USAF. Apogee: 5.00 km (3.10 mi).

1962 October 16 - . 09:14 GMT - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. Launch Complex: Johnston Island LE2. LV Family: Thor. Launch Vehicle: Thor DSV-2E. FAILURE: At 86 seconds after launch a booster failure occurred and the missile began tumbling.. Failed Stage: 1.

BLUEGILL DOUBLE PRIME Nuclear test - . Nation: USA. Agency: USAF. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).
The third attempt to launch a nuclear warhead using a Thor IRBM. At 86 seconds after launch a booster failure occurred and the missile began tumbling. Range safety destroyed the errant booster at 156 seconds after launch. Some radioactive fallout from the warhead was detected on Johnston Atoll.

1962 October 20 - . 08:30 GMT - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. LV Family: Sergeant. Launch Vehicle: Castor-Recruit.

CHECKMATE Nuclear test - . Nation: USA. Agency: AEC. Apogee: 147 km (91 mi).
Test of the Los Alamos XW-50X1 60 kiloton nuclear warhead. Launch vehicle was a solid propellant XM-33 Strypi rocket with a Recruit booster stage. The warhead detonated at an altitude of 147 km, 66 km from Johnston Island. Observers on the island saw a green and blue circular region surrounded by a red ring. This faded in less than a minute. Blue-green streamers and pink striations developed that lasted half an hour. At this yield, even with the high altitude, extensive disruption of communications were not reported.

1962 October 20 - . 08:31 GMT - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. LV Family: Strypi. Launch Vehicle: Strypi Antares.

CHECKMATE Diag P-1 - . Nation: USA. Agency: DASA. Apogee: 300 km (180 mi).

1962 October 20 - . 08:32 GMT - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. LV Family: Strypi. Launch Vehicle: Strypi Antares.

CHECKMATE Diag P-5 - . Nation: USA. Agency: DASA. Apogee: 300 km (180 mi).

1962 October 20 - . 09:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. LV Family: Deacon. Launch Vehicle: Nike Cajun.

Sphere Aeronomy mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: USAF. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1962 October 25 - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. LV Family: Deacon. Launch Vehicle: Nike Cajun.

Mass spectrometer Ionosphere mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: USAF. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1962 October 26 - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. LV Family: Deacon. Launch Vehicle: Nike Cajun.

Ionosphere winds Ionosphere mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: USAF. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1962 October 26 - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. LV Family: Deacon. Launch Vehicle: Nike Cajun.

Sphere Aeronomy mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: USAF. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1962 October 26 - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. LV Family: Honest John. Launch Vehicle: Javelin.

Mass spectrometer Ionosphere mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: USAF. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1962 October 26 - . 09:44 GMT - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. Launch Complex: Johnston Island LE1. LV Family: Thor. Launch Vehicle: Thor DSV-2E.

BLUEGILL TRIPLE PRIME Nuclear test - . Nation: USA. Agency: USAF. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).
On the fourth attempt, a Thor IRBM was used to launch a Mk 4 Re-entry Vehicle containing a 186 kg W-50 nuclear warhead of either 200 or 400 kilotons yield. The detonation occurred at an altitude of 50 km, 31 km SSW of Johnston Atoll. A fireball formed, the colourful afterglow continuing for 30 minutes of the explosion. At this altitude the extensive disruption of the ionosphere seen in later explosions did not occur.

1962 October 26 - . 09:58 GMT - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. LV Family: Honest John. Launch Vehicle: HJ Nike.

Ionosphere mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: USAF. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1962 October 26 - . 10:05 GMT - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. LV Family: Honest John. Launch Vehicle: HJ Nike.

Ionosphere mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: USAF. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1962 October 26 - . 10:11 GMT - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. LV Family: Honest John. Launch Vehicle: HJ Nike.

Ionosphere mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: USAF. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1962 October 26 - . 10:15 GMT - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. LV Family: Deacon. Launch Vehicle: Nike Cajun.

Mass spectrometer Aeronomy mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: USAF. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1962 October 26 - . 10:22 GMT - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. LV Family: Honest John. Launch Vehicle: HJ Nike.

Ionosphere mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: USAF. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1962 October 27 - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. LV Family: Deacon. Launch Vehicle: Nike Cajun.

Sphere Aeronomy mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: USAF. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1962 November 1 - . 11:54 GMT - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. Launch Complex: Johnston Island LE2. LV Family: Thor. Launch Vehicle: Thor DSV-2E.

KINGFISH Nuclear test - . Nation: USA. Agency: USAF. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).
A Thor IRBM was used to launch a Mk 4 Reentry Vehicle containing a 186 kg W-50 nuclear warhead of either 200 or 400 kilotons yield. The detonation occurred at an altitude of 98 km, 69 km SSW of Johnston Atoll, and resulted in dramatic aurora-like effects visible as far away as Hawaii. More notably, the explosion had a massive effect on the ionosphere which disrupted radio communications over the entire central Pacific for three hours.

1962 November 1 - . 12:08 GMT - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. LV Family: Honest John. Launch Vehicle: HJ Nike.

Electron density Ionosphere mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: USAF. Apogee: 96 km (59 mi).

1962 November 1 - . 12:16 GMT - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. LV Family: Honest John. Launch Vehicle: HJ Nike.

Electron density Ionosphere mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: USAF. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1962 November 1 - . 12:20 GMT - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. LV Family: Deacon. Launch Vehicle: Nike Cajun.

Sphere Aeronomy mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: USAF. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1962 November 1 - . 12:24 GMT - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. LV Family: Honest John. Launch Vehicle: HJ Nike.

Electron density Ionosphere mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: USAF. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1962 November 1 - . 12:40 GMT - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. LV Family: Honest John. Launch Vehicle: HJ Nike.

Electron density Ionosphere mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: USAF. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1962 November 2 - . 07:34 GMT - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. LV Family: Deacon. Launch Vehicle: Nike Cajun. FAILURE: Failure.

Ionosphere winds Aeronomy mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: USAF. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1962 November 3 - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. LV Family: Deacon. Launch Vehicle: Nike Cajun.

Ionosphere winds Aeronomy mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: USAF. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1962 November 4 - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. LV Family: Deacon. Launch Vehicle: Nike Cajun.

Ionosphere winds Aeronomy mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: USAF. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1962 November 4 - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. LV Family: Deacon. Launch Vehicle: Nike Cajun.

Ionosphere winds Aeronomy mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: USAF. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1962 November 4 - . 07:15 GMT - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. Launch Vehicle: Nike Hercules.

DOMINIC TIGHTROPE Nuclear test - . Nation: USA. Agency: USAF. Apogee: 24 km (14 mi).
This was a DOD sponsored live test of the Nike Hercules air defense missile system. The low-kiloton range W-31 warhead detonated at 21 km altitude 3 km SSW of Johnston Atoll. This was the last U.S. atmospheric test. On Johnston Island an intense white flash was accompanied by a strong heat pulse. A yellow-orange disc formed, slowly changing to a purple toroid which faded from view after several minutes.

1962 November 4 - . 07:15 GMT - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. Launch Vehicle: Nike Hercules.

DOMINIC TIGHTROPE - . Nation: USA. Agency: USAF. Apogee: 24 km (14 mi).

1962 November 27 - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. LV Family: Honest John. Launch Vehicle: Javelin.

RPA Ionosphere mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: USAF. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1964 February 14 - . 07:47 GMT - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. Launch Complex: Johnston Island LE1. LV Family: Thor. Launch Vehicle: Thor DSV-2J.

AFP-437 demonstration interceptor mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: DACO, USAF. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1964 March 1 - . 06:40 GMT - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. Launch Complex: Johnston Island LE1. LV Family: Thor. Launch Vehicle: Thor DSV-2J.

AFP-437 demonstration interceptor mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: USAF. Apogee: 674 km (418 mi).

1964 April 1 - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. Launch Pad: SLBM Launch Area. Launch Platform: EAG-154. LV Family: Polaris. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A3.

PX-2 First PMR A3X - . Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1964 April 8 - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. Launch Pad: SLBM Launch Area. Launch Platform: EAG-154. LV Family: Polaris. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A3.

PX-2 - . Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1964 April 21 - . 06:15 GMT - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. Launch Complex: Johnston Island LE2. LV Family: Thor. Launch Vehicle: Thor DSV-2J.

AFP-437 combat training interceptor mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: USAF. Apogee: 778 km (483 mi).

1964 May 12 - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. Launch Pad: SLBM Launch Area. Launch Platform: EAG-154. LV Family: Polaris. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A3.

PY-2 - . Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1964 May 28 - . 07:32 GMT - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. Launch Complex: Johnston Island LE2. LV Family: Thor. Launch Vehicle: Thor DSV-2J. FAILURE: Failure. Failed Stage: 3.

AFP-437 combat training interceptor mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: USAF. Apogee: 932 km (579 mi).

1964 November 16 - . 06:57 GMT - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. Launch Complex: Johnston Island LE1. Launch Pad: LE1?. LV Family: Thor. Launch Vehicle: Thor DSV-2J.

AFP-437 combat training interceptor mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: USAF. Apogee: 1,148 km (713 mi).

1964 November 20 - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. Launch Pad: SLBM Launch Area. Launch Platform: EAG-154. LV Family: Polaris. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A3.

PX-2 - . Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1964 November 25 - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. Launch Pad: SLBM Launch Area. Launch Platform: EAG-154. LV Family: Polaris. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A3.

PX-2 - . Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1965 April 5 - . 07:20 GMT - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. Launch Complex: Johnston Island LE2. LV Family: Thor. Launch Vehicle: Thor DSV-2J.

AFP-437 combat training interceptor mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: USAF. Apogee: 826 km (513 mi).

1965 September 22 - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. Launch Pad: SLBM Launch Area. Launch Platform: EAG-154. LV Family: Polaris. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A3.

PX-2 - . Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1965 December 7 - . 02:28 GMT - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. Launch Complex: Johnston Island LE2. LV Family: Thor. Launch Vehicle: Thor DSV-2J.

AFP-437(AP) interceptor mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: USAF. Apogee: 487 km (302 mi).

1965 Dec 20? - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. Launch Platform: RB-57B. LV Family: Sparoair. Launch Vehicle: Cleansweep IIIB.

Nation: USA. Agency: USAF. Apogee: 50 km (31 mi).

1966 January 18 - . 18:11 GMT - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. Launch Complex: Johnston Island LE2. LV Family: Thor. Launch Vehicle: Thor DSV-2J.

AFP-437(AP) interceptor mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: USAF. Apogee: 459 km (285 mi).

1966 March 12 - . 00:42 GMT - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. Launch Complex: Johnston Island LE2. LV Family: Thor. Launch Vehicle: Thor DSV-2J.

AFP-437(AP) interceptor mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: USAF. Apogee: 472 km (293 mi).

1966 July 2 - . 20:53 GMT - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. Launch Complex: Johnston Island LE2. LV Family: Thor. Launch Vehicle: Thor DSV-2J.

AFP-437(AP) interceptor mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: USAF. Apogee: 802 km (498 mi).

1966 September 19 - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. LV Family: Tomahawk. Launch Vehicle: Nike Tomahawk.

Sampler (Camera) Aeronomy mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 300 km (180 mi).

1966 September 20 - . 15:34 GMT - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. LV Family: Tomahawk. Launch Vehicle: Nike Tomahawk.

LRL BOX-7 X-ray astronomy mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 168 km (104 mi).

1966 September 22 - . 17:10 GMT - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. LV Family: Tomahawk. Launch Vehicle: Nike Tomahawk.

LRL AXE-1 X-ray astronomy mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 160 km (90 mi).

1967 - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. Launch Pad: SLBM Launch Area. Launch Platform: EAG-154. LV Family: Polaris. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1.

ISEP 1 Mk 2 RV - . Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1967 - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. Launch Pad: SLBM Launch Area. Launch Platform: EAG-154. LV Family: Polaris. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1.

ISEP 2 Mk 2 RV - . Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1967 - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. Launch Pad: SLBM Launch Area. Launch Platform: EAG-154. LV Family: Polaris. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1.

ISEP 3 Mk 2 RV - . Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1967 March 31 - . 06:44 GMT - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. Launch Complex: Johnston Island LE1. LV Family: Thor. Launch Vehicle: Thor DSV-2J.

AFP-437 combat evaluation interceptor mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: USAF. Apogee: 484 km (300 mi).

1967 September 21 - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. LV Family: Sandhawk. Launch Vehicle: Terrier Sandhawk.

Aeronomy mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 383 km (237 mi). AEC galactic astronomy payload - detected cosmic soft x-rays..

1967 September 25 - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. Launch Vehicle: Tomahawk.

Test / aeronomy mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 80 km (49 mi).

1967 September 27 - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. Launch Vehicle: Sandhawk.

Dart Test / aeronomy mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 104 km (64 mi).

1967 September 29 - . 00:15 GMT - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. Launch Complex: Johnston Island HAD23. LV Family: Tomahawk. Launch Vehicle: Nike Tomahawk.

LRL BOX-12 X-ray astronomy mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 168 km (104 mi).

1967 October 2 - . 07:22 GMT - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. LV Family: Tomahawk. Launch Vehicle: Nike Tomahawk.

LRL BOX-11 X-ray astronomy mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 168 km (104 mi).

1967 October 3 - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. LV Family: Sandhawk. Launch Vehicle: Terrier Sandhawk.

Aeronomy mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 423 km (262 mi).

1967 November 29 - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. Launch Pad: SLBM Launch Area. Launch Platform: EAG-154. LV Family: Polaris. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A3.

Antelope 9 - . Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1967 December 6 - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. Launch Pad: SLBM Launch Area. Launch Platform: EAG-154. LV Family: Polaris. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A3.

Antelope 10 - . Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1968 March 16 - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. Launch Pad: SLBM Launch Area. Launch Platform: EAG-154. LV Family: Polaris. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A3.

Antelope 11 Mk 2 Mod 2 RV - . Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1968 April 4 - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. Launch Pad: SLBM Launch Area. Launch Platform: EAG-154. LV Family: Polaris. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A3.

Antelope 12 - . Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1968 April 11 - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. Launch Pad: SLBM Launch Area. Launch Platform: EAG-154. LV Family: Polaris. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A3.

Antelope 13 - . Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1968 April 19 - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. Launch Pad: SLBM Launch Area. Launch Platform: EAG-154. LV Family: Polaris. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A3.

Antelope 14 - . Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1968 May? - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. Launch Pad: SLBM Launch Area. Launch Platform: EAG-154. LV Family: Polaris. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1.

ISEP 5 Mk 2 RV - . Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1968 May? - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. Launch Pad: SLBM Launch Area. Launch Platform: EAG-154. LV Family: Polaris. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1.

ISEP 4 Mk 2 RV - . Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1968 May 14 - . 07:05 GMT - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. Launch Complex: Johnston Island LE1. LV Family: Thor. Launch Vehicle: Thor DSV-2J.

AFP-437 combat evaluation interceptor mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: USAF. Apogee: 823 km (511 mi).

1968 Oct? - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. LV Family: Tomahawk. Launch Vehicle: Terrier Tomahawk.

Nation: USA. Agency: SAND. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1968 October 29 - . 11:32 GMT - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. Launch Complex: Johnston Island UL6. LV Family: Sandhawk. Launch Vehicle: Terrier Sandhawk.

LRL ACS-3 X-ray astronomy mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 320 km (190 mi).

1968 November 7 - . 06:45 GMT - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. Launch Complex: Johnston Island UL6. Launch Pad: UL6?. LV Family: Sandhawk. Launch Vehicle: Terrier Sandhawk.

LRL ACS-2 X-ray astronomy mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 320 km (190 mi).

1968 November 8 - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. LV Family: Tomahawk. Launch Vehicle: Nike Tomahawk.

Rocket EMP Test 1 - . Nation: USA. Agency: SAND. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1968 November 20 - . 07:08 GMT - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. Launch Complex: Johnston Island LE1. LV Family: Thor. Launch Vehicle: Thor DSV-2J.

AFP-437 combat evaluation interceptor mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: USAF. Apogee: 1,158 km (719 mi).

1970 March 27 - . 07:37 GMT - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. Launch Complex: Johnston Island LE1. LV Family: Thor. Launch Vehicle: Thor DSV-2J.

AFP-437 Interceptor mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: USAF. Apogee: 1,074 km (667 mi).

1970 April 24 - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. Launch Complex: Johnston Island LE2. LV Family: Thor. Launch Vehicle: Thor DSV-2J. FAILURE: Failure. Failed Stage: 4.

SDP test - . Nation: USA. Agency: USAF. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). ASAT test, Thor collided with satellite.

1970 September 24 - . 12:54 GMT - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. Launch Complex: Johnston Island LE2. LV Family: Thor. Launch Vehicle: Thor DSV-2J.

HAP / SXRE X-ray astronomy / test - . Nation: USA. Agency: USAF. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1975 September 19 - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. Launch Complex: Johnston Island LE2. LV Family: Thor. Launch Vehicle: Thor DSV-2J.

DG-5 - . Nation: USA. Agency: USAF. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1975 November 6 - . Launch Site: Johnston Island. Launch Complex: Johnston Island LE2. LV Family: Thor. Launch Vehicle: Thor DSV-2J.

DG-3 - . Nation: USA. Agency: USAF. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

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