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Soyuz 11
Part of Salyut
Salyut 1 from space
Salyut 1 from space
Credit: RKK Energia
First space station mission. Record flight duration. Main telescope inoperative. Fire in space station put out. Fail-safe valve opening during re-entry, resulted in decompression and death of entire crew.

AKA: Yantar (Amber). Launched: 1971-06-06. Returned: 1971-06-29. Number crew: 3 . Duration: 23.77 days.

First space station flight, two years before the American Skylab. Equipment aboard Salyut 1 included a telescope, spectrometer, electrophotometer, and television. The crew checked improved on-board spacecraft systems in different conditions of flight and conducted medico-biological research. The main instrument, a large solar telescope, was inoperative because its cover failed to jettison. A small fire and difficult working conditions led to decision to return crew before planned full duration of 30 days. Capsule recovered June 29, 1971 23:17 GMT, but when the hatch was opened it was found that the crew had perished due to a loss of cabin atmosphere. A pressure equalization valve was jerked loose at the jettison of the Soyuz Orbital Module. The valve was not supposed to open until an altitude of 4 km was reached. The three-man crew did not have space suits. The Soyuz was thereafter redesigned to accommodate only two crew, but in spacesuits. The actual Soyuz 11 Prime Crew was Leonov, Kubasov, and Kolodin. Dobrovolskiy, Volkov, Patsayev were their backups (and support crew to Soyuz 10). Kubasov was grounded by physicians few days before launch, and the back-up crew ended up going instead.


More at: Soyuz 11.

Family: Manned spaceflight. People: Dobrovolsky, Patsayev, Volkov. Country: Russia. Spacecraft: Soyuz 7KT-OK. Projects: Salyut. Launch Sites: Baikonur. Agency: MOM.
Photo Gallery

Soyuz WearSoyuz Wear
Credit: © Mark Wade


Soyuz 11Soyuz 11
Credit: www.spacefacts.de


Salyut 1 InteriorSalyut 1 Interior
Patsayev operates equipment aboard Salyut 1
Credit: RKK Energia


Salyut 1Salyut 1
Volkov and Dobrovolskiy conduct medical experiments aboard Salyut 1.
Credit: RKK Energia


Salyut 1 LiftoffSalyut 1 Liftoff
Credit: RKK Energia


Salyut 1 MockupSalyut 1 Mockup
Salyut 1 Mock-up Inspection
Credit: RKK Energia


Salyut 1 RolloutSalyut 1 Rollout
Notice name 'Zarya' in Cyrillic on the side. This name was abandoned after launch, and the station was renamed 'Salyut'. 'Zarya' was used again as the name for the first component of the International Space Station 28 years later.
Credit: RKK Energia


Salyut 1 Shroud TestSalyut 1 Shroud Test
Credit: RKK Energia



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