Belier

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Belier

Centaure
Credit: via Andreas Parsch

Family of sounding rockets, developed by Sud Aviation, with the only or upper stage being variants of the Belier stage powered by a Jericho rocket motor. These were the most significant series of French civilian suborbital rockets. Manufacturing licenses were sold to India and Pakistan, becoming the basis of their rocket industries.

Status: Retired 1986. First Launch: 1961-05-24. Last Launch: 1970-11-06. Number: 18 . Gross mass: 400 kg (880 lb). Height: 3.80 m (12.40 ft). Diameter: 0.31 m (1.01 ft). Apogee: 109 km (67 mi).

Sud Aviation's solid propellant sounding rockets, developed for CNET (Centre National d'Etudes des Telecommunications), used rocket motors developed for France's cancelled surface-to-air missile programs of the 1950's. An improved version of the Jericho 1 motor, originally developed as the sustainer stage of the MATRA R422 missile, was used for the single stage Belier rocket. The rocket was spin stabilised by small solid rocket engines on the four fins.

Subtopics

Belier I Basic Belier single stage vehicle, powered with a Jericho rocket motor loaded with 208 kg of 'Epictete' solid propellant with a specific impulse of 190 seconds.

Belier II Improved Belier single stage vehicle, loaded with 'Plastolite' propellant with a 205 second specific impulse.

Belier III Improved Belier single stage vehicle, using a Vega motor loaded with 230.5 kg of 'Isolane' propellant with a specific impulse of 240 seconds.

Centaure Two stage sounding rocket. The Belier I II, or III single stage sounding rocket was augmented by a Venus booster with 94 kg of solid propellant. The rocket was spin stabilized by small solid rocket engines on the four fins.

Centaure 1 French sounding rocket.

Centaure 2A French sounding rocket.

Centaure 2B French sounding rocket.

Centaure 2C French sounding rocket.

Dragon 1 French sounding rocket. Two stage sounding rocket. The Belier upper stage was augmented by a Stromboli booster with 686 kg of solid propellant. The rocket was spin stabilized by small solid rocket engines on the four fins. Launch list includes flights of later Dragon 2B and Dragon 3 versions.

Dragon 2B French sounding rocket. Two stage vehicle consisting of 1 x Stromboli + 1 x Belier II

Dragon 3 French sounding rocket. Two stage vehicle consisting of 1 x Stromboli + 1 x Belier III

Pegase Sud Aviation studied this three-stage vehicle, composed of two Stromboli and a Jericho. It was not built.

Country: France. Launch Sites: Hammaguira Bacchus, Kourou ALFS. Bibliography: 2, 572.

Photo Gallery

Dragon
Credit: via Jean-Jacques Serra

1961 May 24 - . Launch Site: Hammaguira. Launch Complex: Hammaguira Bacchus. Launch Vehicle: Belier.

Test mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNET. Apogee: 60 km (37 mi).

1961 May 27 - . Launch Site: Hammaguira. Launch Complex: Hammaguira Bacchus. Launch Pad: Bacchus?. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure.

Test mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 130 km (80 mi).

1961 May 29 - . Launch Site: Hammaguira. Launch Complex: Hammaguira Bacchus. Launch Pad: Bacchus?. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure.

Test mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 130 km (80 mi).

1961 May 29 - . Launch Site: Hammaguira. Launch Complex: Hammaguira Bacchus. Launch Vehicle: Belier.

Test mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNET. Apogee: 60 km (37 mi).

1961 December 6 - . Launch Site: Reggane. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure.

Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 130 km (80 mi).

1961 December 6 - . Launch Site: Hammaguira. Launch Complex: Hammaguira Bacchus. Launch Pad: Bacchus?. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure.

Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 130 km (80 mi).

1961 December 9 - . Launch Site: Reggane. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure.

Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 130 km (80 mi).

1961 December 9 - . Launch Site: Hammaguira. Launch Complex: Hammaguira Bacchus. Launch Pad: Bacchus?. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure.

Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 130 km (80 mi).

1961 December 9 - . Launch Site: Hammaguira. Launch Complex: Hammaguira Bacchus. Launch Pad: Bacchus?. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure.

Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 130 km (80 mi).

1962 May 9 - . Launch Site: Ile du Levant. Launch Pad: CERES. Launch Vehicle: Belier. FAILURE: Failure.

Test mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1962 May 15 - . Launch Site: Ile du Levant. Launch Pad: CERES. Launch Vehicle: Belier. FAILURE: Failure.

Test mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1962 May 16 - . Launch Site: Ile du Levant. Launch Pad: CERES. Launch Vehicle: Belier.

Test mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 60 km (37 mi).

1962 May 18 - . Launch Site: Ile du Levant. Launch Pad: CERES. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure.

Test mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 130 km (80 mi).

1962 May 29 - . Launch Site: Ile du Levant. Launch Pad: CERES. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure.

Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 130 km (80 mi).

1962 May 29 - . Launch Site: Reggane. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure.

Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 130 km (80 mi).

1962 May 29 - . Launch Site: Ile du Levant. Launch Pad: CERES. Launch Vehicle: Belier.

Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 60 km (37 mi).

1962 May 29 - . Launch Site: Hammaguira. Launch Complex: Hammaguira Bacchus. Launch Pad: Bacchus?. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure.

Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 130 km (80 mi).

1962 June 5 - . Launch Site: Reggane. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure.

Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 130 km (80 mi).

1962 June 5 - . Launch Site: Reggane. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure.

Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 130 km (80 mi).

1962 June 5 - . Launch Site: Ile du Levant. Launch Pad: CERES. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure.

Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 130 km (80 mi).

1962 June 5 - . Launch Site: Hammaguira. Launch Complex: Hammaguira Bacchus. Launch Pad: Bacchus?. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure.

Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 130 km (80 mi).

1962 June 5 - . Launch Site: Hammaguira. Launch Complex: Hammaguira Bacchus. Launch Pad: Bacchus?. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure.

Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 130 km (80 mi).

1962 June 6 - . Launch Site: Hammaguira. Launch Complex: Hammaguira Bacchus. Launch Vehicle: Belier. FAILURE: Failure.

Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1962 November 21 - . Launch Site: Ile du Levant. Launch Pad: CERES. Launch Vehicle: Belier.

Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 60 km (37 mi).

1962 November 22 - . Launch Site: Ile du Levant. Launch Pad: CERES. Launch Vehicle: Belier.

Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 60 km (37 mi).

1962 November 26 - . Launch Site: Hammaguira. Launch Complex: Hammaguira Bacchus. Launch Pad: Bacchus?. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure.

Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 130 km (80 mi).

1962 November 27 - . Launch Site: CELPA. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure.

Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 130 km (80 mi).

1962 November 28 - . Launch Site: Hammaguira. Launch Complex: Hammaguira Bacchus. Launch Pad: Bacchus?. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure.

Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 130 km (80 mi).

1962 November 30 - . Launch Site: Ile du Levant. Launch Pad: CERES. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure.

Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 130 km (80 mi).

1962 November 30 - . Launch Site: Hammaguira. Launch Complex: Hammaguira Bacchus. Launch Pad: Bacchus?. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure.

Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 130 km (80 mi).

1962 November 30 - . Launch Site: Hammaguira. Launch Complex: Hammaguira Bacchus. Launch Pad: Bacchus?. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure.

Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 130 km (80 mi).

1962 November 30 - . Launch Site: CELPA. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure.

Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 130 km (80 mi).

1962 December 1 - . Launch Site: Hammaguira. Launch Complex: Hammaguira Bacchus. Launch Pad: Bacchus?. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure. FAILURE: Failure.

Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1962 December 4 - . Launch Site: Hammaguira. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure.

Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 130 km (80 mi).

1962 December 5 - . Launch Site: Hammaguira. Launch Complex: Hammaguira Bacchus. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Dragon 1. FAILURE: Failure.

Test mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 80 km (49 mi).

1962 December 8 - . Launch Site: CELPA. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure.

Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 130 km (80 mi).

1962 December 9 - . Launch Site: CELPA. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure.

Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 130 km (80 mi).

1962 December 12 - . Launch Site: Ile du Levant. Launch Pad: CERES. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure.

Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 130 km (80 mi).

1962 December 12 - . Launch Site: Ile du Levant. Launch Pad: CERES. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure.

Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 130 km (80 mi).

1963 April 1 - . Launch Site: Kerguelen. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure.

Ionosphere mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 130 km (80 mi).

1963 April 26 - . Launch Site: Hammaguira. Launch Complex: Hammaguira Bacchus. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Dragon 1. FAILURE: Failure.

Test mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 58 km (36 mi).

1963 May 6 - . Launch Site: Hammaguira. Launch Complex: Hammaguira Bacchus. Launch Vehicle: Belier.

Radioactivity Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 60 km (37 mi).

1963 May 14 - . Launch Site: Hammaguira. Launch Complex: Hammaguira Bacchus. Launch Pad: Bacchus?. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure.

Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1963 May 15 - . 18:22 GMT - . Launch Site: Hammaguira. Launch Complex: Hammaguira Bacchus. Launch Pad: Bacchus?. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure.

MPE Ba-3 Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 155 km (96 mi).

1963 May 21 - . Launch Site: Ile du Levant. Launch Pad: CERES. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure.

Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1963 May 21 - . Launch Site: Reggane. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure.

Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1963 May 21 - . 18:25 GMT - . Launch Site: Hammaguira. Launch Complex: Hammaguira Bacchus. Launch Pad: Bacchus?. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure.

MPE Ba-4 Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 125 km (77 mi).

1963 May 24 - . Launch Site: Hammaguira. Launch Complex: Hammaguira Bacchus. Launch Pad: Bacchus?. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure.

Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1963 May 25 - . Launch Site: CELPA. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure.

Sodium cloud Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 189 km (117 mi).

1963 May 30 - . Launch Site: CELPA. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure.

Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1963 May 30 - . Launch Site: CELPA. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure.

Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1963 June 12 - . Launch Site: Hammaguira. Launch Complex: Hammaguira Bacchus. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1963 June 13 - . Launch Site: Hammaguira. Launch Complex: Hammaguira Bacchus. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1963 June 14 - . Launch Site: Hammaguira. Launch Complex: Hammaguira Bacchus. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1963 July 24 - . Launch Site: Ile du Levant. Launch Pad: CERES. Launch Vehicle: Belier.

Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 60 km (37 mi).

1963 October 30 - . Launch Site: Hammaguira. Launch Complex: Hammaguira Bacchus. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Dragon 1.

Test mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 470 km (290 mi).

1964 February 9 - . Launch Site: Hammaguira. Launch Complex: Hammaguira Bacchus. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 170 km (100 mi).

1964 February 10 - . Launch Site: Hammaguira. Launch Complex: Hammaguira Bacchus. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Dragon 1.

Test mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 470 km (290 mi).

1964 February 12 - . Launch Site: Hammaguira. Launch Complex: Hammaguira Bacchus. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1964 February 12 - . Launch Site: Hammaguira. Launch Complex: Hammaguira Bacchus. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1964 February 12 - . Launch Site: Hammaguira. Launch Complex: Hammaguira Bacchus. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1964 February 13 - . Launch Site: Hammaguira. Launch Complex: Hammaguira Bacchus. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 190 km (110 mi).

1964 February 13 - . 05:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Hammaguira. Launch Complex: Hammaguira Bacchus. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1964 February 14 - . 04:37 GMT - . Launch Site: Hammaguira. Launch Complex: Hammaguira Bacchus. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

MPE Ba-5 Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 190 km (110 mi).

1964 February 15 - . 04:37 GMT - . Launch Site: Hammaguira. Launch Complex: Hammaguira Bacchus. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

MPE Ba-6 Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1964 April 11 - . Launch Site: Hammaguira. Launch Complex: Hammaguira Bacchus. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

Sodium / TMA release Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 151 km (93 mi).

1964 April 11 - . Launch Site: Hammaguira. Launch Complex: Hammaguira Bacchus. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Dragon 1.

FU-104B Probe / Na Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 400 km (240 mi).

1964 April 13 - . Launch Site: Hammaguira. Launch Complex: Hammaguira Bacchus. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Dragon 1.

FU-104B Probe / Na Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 425 km (264 mi).

1964 April 13 - . Launch Site: Hammaguira. Launch Complex: Hammaguira Bacchus. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

Sodium / TMA release Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 151 km (93 mi).

1964 May 4 - . Launch Site: Hammaguira. Launch Complex: Hammaguira Bacchus. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

CNET A test - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 151 km (93 mi).

1964 May 8 - . Launch Site: Hammaguira. Launch Complex: Hammaguira Bacchus. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

CNET A test - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 151 km (93 mi).

1964 May 10 - . Launch Site: Hammaguira. Launch Complex: Hammaguira Bacchus. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

Seddon Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 151 km (93 mi).

1964 May 10 - . Launch Site: Hammaguira. Launch Complex: Hammaguira Bacchus. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

Sodium release Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 151 km (93 mi).

1964 May 14 - . Launch Site: Hammaguira. Launch Complex: Hammaguira Bacchus. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

Seddon Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 151 km (93 mi).

1964 August 1 - . Launch Site: Vik. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Dragon 1.

FU-125 ionosphere / particles Aeronomy /ionosphere mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 440 km (270 mi).

1964 August 7 - . Launch Site: Vik. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Dragon 1.

FU-125 ionosphere / particles Aeronomy /ionosphere mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 420 km (260 mi).

1964 October 5 - . Launch Site: Hammaguira. Launch Complex: Hammaguira Bacchus. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

CNET B test - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1964 October 7 - . Launch Site: Hammaguira. Launch Complex: Hammaguira Bacchus. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

CNET B test - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1964 October 29 - . 23:18 GMT - . Launch Site: Ile du Levant. Launch Pad: CERES. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

ESRO C02 / 1 Aeronomy mission - . Nation: Europe. Agency: ESRO. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1964 November 4 - . 08:31 GMT - . Launch Site: CELPA. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CONAE. Apogee: 175 km (108 mi).

1964 November 5 - . Launch Site: Hammaguira. Launch Complex: Hammaguira Bacchus. Launch Pad: Bacchus?. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

TMA Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1964 November 5 - . Launch Site: Reggane. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

Sodium release Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1964 November 5 - . Launch Site: Hammaguira. Launch Complex: Hammaguira Bacchus. Launch Pad: Bacchus?. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

Sodium release Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1964 November 5 - . Launch Site: Reggane. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

Sodium release Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1964 November 5 - . Launch Site: Ile du Levant. Launch Pad: CERES. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

TMA Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1964 November 5 - . 23:16 GMT - . Launch Site: CELPA. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CONAE. Apogee: 176 km (109 mi).

1964 November 6 - . Launch Site: Ile du Levant. Launch Pad: CERES. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

TMA Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1964 November 6 - . Launch Site: Reggane. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

Sodium / TMA release Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1964 November 6 - . 08:31 GMT - . Launch Site: CELPA. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CONAE. Apogee: 179 km (111 mi).

1964 November 10 - . Launch Site: Ile du Levant. Launch Pad: CERES. Launch Vehicle: Belier.

Ozone Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 60 km (37 mi).

1964 November 27 - . 17:38 GMT - . Launch Site: Hammaguira. Launch Complex: Hammaguira Bacchus. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

MPE Ba-9 Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 166 km (103 mi).

1964 November 30 - . 17:37 GMT - . Launch Site: Hammaguira. Launch Complex: Hammaguira Bacchus. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

MPE Ba-10 Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 207 km (128 mi).

1964 December 3 - . 17:40 GMT - . Launch Site: Hammaguira. Launch Complex: Hammaguira Bacchus. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Dragon 1.

FU-103B MPE Ba-11 Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 390 km (240 mi).

1965 March 4 - . Launch Site: Hammaguira. Launch Complex: Hammaguira Bacchus. Launch Pad: Bacchus?. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

SINTRA pointing Solar mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 120 km (70 mi).

1965 April 28 - . 23:57 GMT - . Launch Site: Thumba. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

ISRO 15.02 Aeronomy / ionosphere mission - . Nation: India. Agency: ISRO. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1965 May 1 - . 23:43 GMT - . Launch Site: Thumba. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

ISRO 15.01 Ionosphere mission - . Nation: India. Agency: ISRO. Apogee: 140 km (80 mi).

1965 June 22 - . Launch Site: Hammaguira. Launch Complex: Hammaguira Bacchus. Launch Pad: Bacchus?. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

Cs Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1965 June 23 - . Launch Site: Hammaguira. Launch Complex: Hammaguira Bacchus. Launch Pad: Bacchus?. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

TMA Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1965 June 23 - . Launch Site: Ile du Levant. Launch Pad: CERES. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

Sodium release Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1965 June 23 - . Launch Site: Hammaguira. Launch Complex: Hammaguira Bacchus. Launch Pad: Bacchus?. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

Sodium release Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1965 June 23 - . Launch Site: Ile du Levant. Launch Pad: CERES. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

TMA Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1965 June 24 - . Launch Site: Hammaguira. Launch Complex: Hammaguira Bacchus. Launch Pad: Bacchus?. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

TMA Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1965 June 24 - . Launch Site: Reggane. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1965 June 24 - . Launch Site: Ile du Levant. Launch Pad: CERES. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

Sodium release Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1965 June 24 - . Launch Site: Ile du Levant. Launch Pad: CERES. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

TMA Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1965 August 24 - . Launch Site: Vik. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Dragon 1.

FU-146 / VLF Aeronomy /ionosphere mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 440 km (270 mi).

1965 September 3 - . Launch Site: Vik. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Dragon 1.

FU-146 / VLF Aeronomy /ionosphere mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 451 km (280 mi).

1965 November 18 - . 17:45 GMT - . Launch Site: Hammaguira. Launch Complex: Hammaguira Bechar. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

MPE Ba-14 Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 170 km (100 mi).

1965 November 19 - . 17:45 GMT - . Launch Site: Hammaguira. Launch Complex: Hammaguira Bechar. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

MPE Ba-15 Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 190 km (110 mi).

1965 November 20 - . 17:53 GMT - . Launch Site: Hammaguira. Launch Complex: Hammaguira Bechar. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Dragon 1.

MPE Ba-16? Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 404 km (251 mi).

1965 November 25 - . 04:40 GMT - . Launch Site: CELPA. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

Aeronomy mission - . Nation: Argentina. Apogee: 175 km (108 mi).

1965 November 25 - . 08:24 GMT - . Launch Site: CELPA. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

Aeronomy mission - . Nation: Argentina. Apogee: 175 km (108 mi).

1965 November 26 - . 08:24 GMT - . Launch Site: CELPA. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

Aeronomy mission - . Nation: Argentina. Apogee: 175 km (108 mi).

1965 December 7 - . 03:53 GMT - . Launch Site: Salto di Quirra. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

ESRO C07 / 1 Aeronomy mission - . Nation: Europe. Agency: ESRO. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1965 December 11 - . 04:05 GMT - . Launch Site: Salto di Quirra. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

ESRO C07 / 2 Aeronomy mission - . Nation: Europe. Agency: ESRO. Apogee: 159 km (98 mi).

1965 December 14 - . 12:49 GMT - . Launch Site: Salto di Quirra. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

ESRO C06 / 1 Solar x-ray mission - . Nation: Europe. Agency: ESRO. Apogee: 159 km (98 mi).

1965 December 16 - . Launch Site: Hammaguira. Launch Complex: Hammaguira Bacchus. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

Ionosphere mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1965 December 16 - . Launch Site: Hammaguira. Launch Complex: Hammaguira Bacchus. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

Ionosphere mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1965 December 16 - . Launch Site: Hammaguira. Launch Complex: Hammaguira Bacchus. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1965 December 20 - . Launch Site: Hammaguira. Launch Complex: Hammaguira Bacchus. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

Ionosphere mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1966 January 8 - . 13:11 GMT - . Launch Site: Thumba. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

ISRO 15.03 Aeronomy / ionosphere mission - . Nation: India. Agency: ISRO. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1966 January 17 - . 17:56 GMT - . Launch Site: Hammaguira. Launch Complex: Hammaguira Bacchus. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

Ionosphere mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 124 km (77 mi).

1966 January 21 - . 08:14 GMT - . Launch Site: Hammaguira. Launch Complex: Hammaguira Bacchus. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Dragon 1.

FU-133 Sodium release Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1966 February 4 - . 23:19 GMT - . Launch Site: Andoya. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

ESRO C15 / 1 Aurora mission - . Nation: Europe. Agency: ESRO. Apogee: 120 km (70 mi).

1966 February 11 - . 02:03 GMT - . Launch Site: Andoya. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1. FAILURE: Failure.

ESRO C15 / 2 Aurora mission - . Nation: Europe. Agency: ESRO. Apogee: 20 km (12 mi).

1966 February 22 - . 18:28 GMT - . Launch Site: Andoya. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

ESRO C14 / 1 Aurora mission - . Nation: Europe. Agency: ESRO. Apogee: 115 km (71 mi).

1966 February 23 - . 23:14 GMT - . Launch Site: Andoya. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

ESRO C14 / 2 Aurora mission - . Nation: Europe. Agency: ESRO. Apogee: 117 km (72 mi).

1966 March 3 - . 22:26 GMT - . Launch Site: Hammaguira. Launch Complex: Hammaguira Bacchus. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

Solar ultraviolet mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 125 km (77 mi).

1966 March 9 - . 22:20 GMT - . Launch Site: Andoya. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

ESRO C13 / 1 Aurora mission - . Nation: Europe. Agency: ESRO. Apogee: 94 km (58 mi).

1966 March 10 - . 22:25 GMT - . Launch Site: Andoya. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

ESRO C13 / 2 Aurora mission - . Nation: Europe. Agency: ESRO. Apogee: 114 km (70 mi).

1966 March 24 - . 16:45 GMT - . Launch Site: Thumba. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

ISRO 15.04 Aeronomy mission - . Nation: India. Agency: ISRO. Apogee: 163 km (101 mi).

1966 March 24 - . 21:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Thumba. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

ISRO 15.05 Aeronomy mission - . Nation: India. Agency: ISRO. Apogee: 159 km (98 mi).

1966 May 4 - . 02:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Hammaguira. Launch Complex: Hammaguira Bacchus. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Dragon 1.

FU-130 Lyra alpha Aeronomy / chemical / lyra-alpha spectrometry mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 440 km (270 mi).

1966 May 12 - . 18:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Hammaguira. Launch Complex: Hammaguira Bacchus. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Dragon 1.

FU-130 Lyra alpha Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 464 km (288 mi).

1966 May 15 - . 05:03 GMT - . Launch Site: Nissaki-Karystos. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

ESRO C06 / 2 Solar x-ray mission - . Nation: Europe. Agency: ESRO. Apogee: 140 km (80 mi).

1966 May 20 - . 09:30 GMT - . Launch Site: Nissaki-Karystos. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

ESRO C22 / 1 Solar ultraviolet mission - . Nation: Europe. Agency: ESRO. Apogee: 118 km (73 mi).

1966 May 20 - . 11:40 GMT - . Launch Site: Koroni. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

ESRO C22 / 2 Solar ultraviolet mission - . Nation: Europe. Agency: ESRO. Apogee: 114 km (70 mi).

1966 May 23 - . 05:26 GMT - . Launch Site: Hammaguira. Launch Complex: Hammaguira Bacchus. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Dragon 1.

FU-131 Atomic Hydrogen Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 460 km (280 mi).

1966 May 26 - . 19:05 GMT - . Launch Site: Andoya. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Dragon 1.

FU-151 ionosphere / particles Ionosphere mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 230 km (140 mi).

1966 June 1 - . 00:12 GMT - . Launch Site: Andoya. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Dragon 1.

FU-153 ionosphere / particles Ionosphere / plasma / field mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 380 km (230 mi).

1966 June 13 - . 19:38 GMT - . Launch Site: Hammaguira. Launch Complex: Hammaguira Bacchus. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

Sodium release / Turbulence Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 180 km (110 mi).

1966 June 14 - . 14:27 GMT - . Launch Site: Hammaguira. Launch Complex: Hammaguira Bacchus. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Dragon 1.

FU-131 Atomic Hydrogen Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 480 km (290 mi).

1966 June 15 - . 19:51 GMT - . Launch Site: Hammaguira. Launch Complex: Hammaguira Bacchus. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Dragon 1.

FU-131 Sodium release Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1966 June 16 - . Launch Site: Hammaguira. Launch Complex: Hammaguira Bacchus. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

Sodium release / Turbulence Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1966 June 16 - . 00:14 GMT - . Launch Site: Andoya. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Dragon 1. FAILURE: Failure.

FU-151 ionosphere / particles Ionosphere mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 60 km (37 mi).

1966 July 20 - . 17:01 GMT - . Launch Site: Salto di Quirra. Launch Vehicle: Belier.

ESRO B12 / 1 Ionosphere mission - . Nation: Europe. Agency: ESRO. Apogee: 65 km (40 mi).

1966 July 25 - . Launch Site: Salto di Quirra. Launch Vehicle: Belier.

ESRO B12 / 2 Ionosphere mission - . Nation: Europe. Agency: ESRO. Apogee: 60 km (37 mi).

1966 October 8 - . Launch Site: Hammaguira. Launch Complex: Hammaguira Bacchus. Launch Pad: Bacchus?. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

FU-109 test - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1966 October 17 - . 22:51 GMT - . Launch Site: Andoya. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Dragon 1.

FU-165 Ions / Electric Field Ionosphere mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 387 km (240 mi).

1966 November 14 - . 11:28 GMT - . Launch Site: Hammaguira. Launch Complex: Hammaguira Bacchus. Launch Pad: Bacchus?. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

FU-167 Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1966 November 14 - . 13:03 GMT - . Launch Site: Hammaguira. Launch Complex: Hammaguira Bacchus. Launch Pad: Bacchus?. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

FU-167 Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1966 November 19 - . 23:42 GMT - . Launch Site: Kiruna. Launch Complex: Kiruna C. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

ESRO C21 / 1 Aurora / chemical release mission - . Nation: Europe. Agency: ESRO. Apogee: 123 km (76 mi).

1966 November 29 - . 01:06 GMT - . Launch Site: Kiruna. Launch Complex: Kiruna C. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

ESRO C9 / 2 Aurora mission - . Nation: Europe. Agency: ESRO. Apogee: 149 km (92 mi).

1966 November 30 - . 22:04 GMT - . Launch Site: Kiruna. Launch Complex: Kiruna C. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

ESRO C9 / 1 Aurora mission - . Nation: Europe. Agency: ESRO. Apogee: 147 km (91 mi).

1967 January 25 - . 23:16 GMT - . Launch Site: Dumont d'Urville. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Dragon 1.

FU-145B ionosphere / particles Ionosphere mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 340 km (210 mi).

1967 January 28 - . 12:05 GMT - . Launch Site: Dumont d'Urville. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Dragon 1.

FU-151 ionosphere / particles Ionosphere mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 310 km (190 mi).

1967 January 29 - . 01:21 GMT - . Launch Site: Dumont d'Urville. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Dragon 1.

FU-151 ionosphere / particles Ionosphere mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 320 km (190 mi).

1967 January 29 - . 03:09 GMT - . Launch Site: Dumont d'Urville. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Dragon 1.

FU-151 ionosphere / particles Ionosphere mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 340 km (210 mi).

1967 February 4 - . 23:53 GMT - . Launch Site: Kiruna. Launch Complex: Kiruna C. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

ESRO C21 / 2 Aurora / chemical release mission - . Nation: Europe. Agency: ESRO. Apogee: 126 km (78 mi).

1967 February 16 - . 07:37 GMT - . Launch Site: Kiruna. Launch Complex: Kiruna C. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

ESRO C10 / 1 Ionosphere mission - . Nation: Europe. Agency: ESRO. Apogee: 155 km (96 mi).

1967 February 22 - . 07:12 GMT - . Launch Site: Kiruna. Launch Complex: Kiruna C. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

ESRO C10 / 2 Ionosphere mission - . Nation: Europe. Agency: ESRO. Apogee: 158 km (98 mi).

1967 March 28 - . Launch Site: Hammaguira. Launch Complex: Hammaguira Bacchus. Launch Pad: Bacchus?. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

CNES C145 Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1967 April 19 - . 06:14 GMT - . Launch Site: Thumba. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

ISRO 45.01 Ionosphere mission - . Nation: India. Agency: ISRO. Apogee: 128 km (79 mi).

1967 April 19 - . 16:19 GMT - . Launch Site: Kiruna. Launch Complex: Kiruna C. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 2B.

ESRO C24/1 test - . Nation: Europe. Agency: ESRO. Apogee: 123 km (76 mi).

1967 May 3 - . 14:29 GMT - . Launch Site: Sonmiani. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

Aeronomy mission - . Nation: Pakistan. Agency: CNES, SUPARCO. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1967 May 5 - . 14:49 GMT - . Launch Site: Sonmiani. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Dragon 1.

Shahpar-1 test - . Nation: Pakistan. Agency: SUPARCO. Apogee: 423 km (262 mi).

1967 May 7 - . 14:30 GMT - . Launch Site: Sonmiani. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

Aeronomy mission - . Nation: Pakistan. Agency: CNES, SUPARCO. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1967 July 31 - . 00:31 GMT - . Launch Site: Kiruna. Launch Complex: Kiruna C. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 2B.

ESRO C20 / 1 Aeronomy mission - . Nation: Europe. Agency: ESRO. Apogee: 127 km (78 mi).

1967 July 31 - . 00:58 GMT - . Launch Site: Kiruna. Launch Complex: Kiruna C. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 2B.

ESRO C32 / 1 Meteorite mission - . Nation: Europe. Agency: ESRO. Apogee: 130 km (80 mi).

1967 September 6 - . Launch Site: CELPA. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

Nation: Argentina. Agency: CNIE. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1967 September 7 - . Launch Site: CELPA. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

Nation: Argentina. Agency: CNIE. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1967 October 4 - . 13:12 GMT - . Launch Site: Andoya. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Dragon 1.

ESRO D34 / 1 Solar x-ray / aeronomy mission - . Nation: Europe. Agency: ESRO. Apogee: 248 km (154 mi).

1967 October 7 - . 10:32 GMT - . Launch Site: Andoya. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Dragon 1.

ESRO D30 / 1 Solar x-ray / aeronomy mission - . Nation: Europe. Agency: ESRO. Apogee: 233 km (144 mi).

1967 October 10 - . 14:01 GMT - . Launch Site: Andoya. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Dragon 1. FAILURE: Failure.

ESRO D34 / 2 Solar x-ray / aeronomy mission - . Nation: Europe. Agency: ESRO. Apogee: 1.00 km (0.60 mi).

1967 November 7 - . Launch Site: CELPA. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

Aeronomy mission? - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1967 November 24 - . 01:37 GMT - . Launch Site: Kiruna. Launch Complex: Kiruna C. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 2B. FAILURE: Failure.

ESRO C13 / P Ionosphere mission - . Nation: Europe. Agency: ESRO. Apogee: 160 km (90 mi).

1967 November 26 - . 20:44 GMT - . Launch Site: Kiruna. Launch Complex: Kiruna C. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

ESRO C31 / 1 Ionosphere mission - . Nation: Europe. Agency: ESRO. Apogee: 125 km (77 mi).

1967 December 6 - . 21:21 GMT - . Launch Site: Kiruna. Launch Complex: Kiruna C. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

ESRO C31 / 2 Ionosphere mission - . Nation: Europe. Agency: ESRO. Apogee: 129 km (80 mi).

1968 February 1 - . 05:42 GMT - . Launch Site: Kiruna. Launch Complex: Kiruna C. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 2B.

ESRO C36 / 1 Aeronomy mission - . Nation: Europe. Agency: ESRO. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1968 February 2 - . 13:40 GMT - . Launch Site: Thumba. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

ISRO 15.06 Aeronomy mission - . Nation: India. Agency: ISRO. Apogee: 159 km (98 mi).

1968 February 4 - . 05:33 GMT - . Launch Site: Kiruna. Launch Complex: Kiruna C. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 2B.

ESRO C36 / 2 Aeronomy mission - . Nation: Europe. Agency: ESRO. Apogee: 146 km (90 mi).

1968 February 14 - . Launch Site: Biscarosse. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Dragon 1.

FU-172 Solar Helium Solar ultraviolet mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 440 km (270 mi).

1968 February 21 - . 19:40 GMT - . Launch Site: Thumba. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

ISRO 25.02 Aeronomy mission - . Nation: India. Agency: ISRO. Apogee: 136 km (84 mi).

1968 February 22 - . 11:25 GMT - . Launch Site: Thumba. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

ISRO 25.01 Aeronomy mission - . Nation: India. Agency: ISRO. Apogee: 153 km (95 mi).

1968 March 6 - . 21:35 GMT - . Launch Site: Kiruna. Launch Complex: Kiruna C. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 2B.

ESRO C14 / P Ionosphere mission - . Nation: Europe. Agency: ESRO. Apogee: 155 km (96 mi).

1968 March 15 - . 03:43 GMT - . Launch Site: Kerguelen. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Dragon 2B.

FU-171 VLF / Ions Ionosphere mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 400 km (240 mi).

1968 March 18 - . Launch Site: Biscarosse. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Belier III. FAILURE: Failure.

Test mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1968 March 23 - . 14:05 GMT - . Launch Site: Sonmiani. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

Aeronomy mission - . Nation: Pakistan. Agency: SUPARCO. Apogee: 131 km (81 mi).

1968 March 27 - . 07:55 GMT - . Launch Site: Kerguelen. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Dragon 2B.

FU-171 VLF / Ions Ionosphere mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 400 km (240 mi).

1968 March 29 - . 14:20 GMT - . Launch Site: Sonmiani. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Dragon 1.

Shahpar-2 test - . Nation: Pakistan. Agency: SUPARCO. Apogee: 420 km (260 mi).

1968 April 1 - . 03:26 GMT - . Launch Site: Kerguelen. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Dragon 2B.

FU-171 VLF / Ions Ionosphere mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 416 km (258 mi).

1968 April 3 - . 00:38 GMT - . Launch Site: Sonmiani. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

Aeronomy mission - . Nation: Pakistan. Agency: SUPARCO. Apogee: 119 km (73 mi).

1968 May 8 - . 11:47 GMT - . Launch Site: Salto di Quirra. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

ESRO C33 / 1 Ionosphere mission - . Nation: Europe. Agency: ESRO. Apogee: 53 km (32 mi).

1968 May 14 - . Launch Site: Salto di Quirra. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Belier III.

Test mission - . Nation: Europe. Agency: CNES, ESRO. Apogee: 130 km (80 mi).

1968 May 15 - . 11:24 GMT - . Launch Site: Salto di Quirra. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

ESRO C33 / 2 Ionosphere mission - . Nation: Europe. Agency: ESRO. Apogee: 80 km (49 mi).

1968 May 20 - . 15:51 GMT - . Launch Site: Kiruna. Launch Complex: Kiruna C. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 2B.

ESRO C42 / 1 Meteorites mission - . Nation: Europe. Agency: ESRO. Apogee: 135 km (83 mi).

1968 May 22 - . 16:28 GMT - . Launch Site: Salto di Quirra. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Dragon 1. FAILURE: Failure.

ESRO D30 / 2 Ionosphere / solar x-rays mission - . Nation: Europe. Agency: ESRO. Apogee: 225 km (139 mi).

1968 June 7 - . 15:25 GMT - . Launch Site: Kiruna. Launch Complex: Kiruna C. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 2B.

ESRO C42 / 2 Meteorites mission - . Nation: Europe. Agency: ESRO. Apogee: 138 km (85 mi).

1968 June 8 - . 21:01 GMT - . Launch Site: Kiruna. Launch Complex: Kiruna C. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 2B.

ESRO C32 / 2 Meteorites mission - . Nation: Europe. Agency: ESRO. Apogee: 135 km (83 mi).

1968 July 23 - . Launch Site: Biscarosse. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Dragon 3.

FU-188 Technology test - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 562 km (349 mi).

1968 July 30 - . 22:53 GMT - . Launch Site: Kiruna. Launch Complex: Kiruna C. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 2B.

ESRO C20 / 2 Aeronomy mission - . Nation: Europe. Agency: ESRO. Apogee: 135 km (83 mi).

1968 October 8 - . 11:42 GMT - . Launch Site: Kiruna. Launch Complex: Kiruna C. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 2B.

ESRO C35 / 1 X-ray astronomy mission - . Nation: Europe. Agency: ESRO. Apogee: 140 km (80 mi).

1968 October 15 - . 16:32 GMT - . Launch Site: Kiruna. Launch Complex: Kiruna C. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 2B.

ESRO C45 / 1 Aeronomy mission - . Nation: Europe. Agency: ESRO. Apogee: 160 km (90 mi).

1968 November 1 - . 04:40 GMT - . Launch Site: Kiruna. Launch Complex: Kiruna C. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 2B.

ESRO C45 / 2 Aeronomy mission - . Nation: Europe. Agency: ESRO. Apogee: 167 km (103 mi).

1968 November 3 - . 01:42 GMT - . Launch Site: Andoya. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Dragon 2B.

FU-182 Ions / Electric field Ionosphere mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 414 km (257 mi).

1968 November 3 - . 03:19 GMT - . Launch Site: Thumba. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

ISRO 35.01 X-ray astronomy mission - . Nation: India. Agency: ISRO. Apogee: 159 km (98 mi).

1969 February 6 - . 10:30 GMT - . Launch Site: Biscarosse. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Dragon 2B.

FU-180 Mass spectrometer F1 Ionosphere mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 430 km (260 mi).

1969 February 6 - . 13:45 GMT - . Launch Site: Biscarosse. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Dragon 2B.

FU-180 Mass spectrometer F2 Ionosphere mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 405 km (251 mi).

1969 February 6 - . 22:20 GMT - . Launch Site: Biscarosse. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Dragon 2B.

FU-180 Mass spectrometer F3 Ionosphere mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 430 km (260 mi).

1969 February 7 - . 01:22 GMT - . Launch Site: Biscarosse. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Dragon 2B.

FU-180 Mass spectrometer F4 Ionosphere mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 413 km (256 mi).

1969 February 9 - . 13:46 GMT - . Launch Site: Sonmiani. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1. FAILURE: Failure.

Aeronomy mission - . Nation: Pakistan. Agency: SUPARCO. Apogee: 55 km (34 mi).

1969 February 13 - . 13:48 GMT - . Launch Site: Sonmiani. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1. FAILURE: Failure.

Aeronomy mission - . Nation: Pakistan. Agency: SUPARCO. Apogee: 12 km (7 mi).

1969 February 25 - . 16:33 GMT - . Launch Site: Andoya. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 2B.

ESRO C49 / 1 (R3) Aurora mission - . Nation: Europe. Agency: ESRO. Apogee: 136 km (84 mi).

1969 February 25 - . 23:50 GMT - . Launch Site: Andoya. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 2B.

ESRO C49 / 2 Aurora mission - . Nation: Europe. Agency: ESRO. Apogee: 128 km (79 mi).

1969 February 26 - . 10:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Thumba. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 2A.

ISRO 45.02 Ionosphere mission - . Nation: India. Agency: ISRO. Apogee: 145 km (90 mi).

1969 March 6 - . Launch Site: Kourou. Launch Complex: Kourou ALFS. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Belier III.

Test mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1969 March 15 - . 22:31 GMT - . Launch Site: Kiruna. Launch Complex: Kiruna C. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 2B.

ESRO C52 / 1 Aurora mission - . Nation: Europe. Agency: ESRO. Apogee: 136 km (84 mi).

1969 March 17 - . 12:09 GMT - . Launch Site: Kourou. Launch Complex: Kourou ALFS. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Dragon 1.

FU-172 Solar EUV 1 Solar extreme ultraviolet mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 410 km (250 mi).

1969 March 31 - . 14:18 GMT - . Launch Site: Sonmiani. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 2A.

Rehnuma 1 Aeronomy mission - . Nation: Pakistan. Agency: SUPARCO. Apogee: 138 km (85 mi).

1969 April 13 - . 00:33 GMT - . Launch Site: Andoya. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Dragon 2B.

FU-182 Ions / Electric field Ionosphere mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 399 km (247 mi).

1969 April 14 - . 18:15 GMT - . Launch Site: Kiruna. Launch Complex: Kiruna C. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 2B. FAILURE: Failure.

ESRO C39 / 1 Aurora mission - . Nation: Europe. Agency: ESRO. Apogee: 5.00 km (3.10 mi).

1969 April 15 - . 11:03 GMT - . Launch Site: Kiruna. Launch Complex: Kiruna C. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 2B.

ESRO C39 / 2 Aurora mission - . Nation: Europe. Agency: ESRO. Apogee: 134 km (83 mi).

1969 April 17 - . 21:48 GMT - . Launch Site: Andoya. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Dragon 2B.

FU-190 E field / Barium release Ionosphere / barium release mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 329 km (204 mi).

1969 April 19 - . Launch Site: Kourou. Launch Complex: Kourou ALFS. Launch Vehicle: Belier.

Test mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 60 km (37 mi).

1969 April 26 - . Launch Site: Kourou. Launch Complex: Kourou ALFS. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Dragon 3.

FU-188 Technology test - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 410 km (250 mi).

1969 May 27 - . Launch Site: Biscarosse. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Dragon 3. FAILURE: Failure.

FU-192 Plasma Ionosphere mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1969 June 5 - . 19:28 GMT - . Launch Site: Kiruna. Launch Complex: Kiruna C. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 2B.

ESRO C35 / 2 X-ray astronomy mission - . Nation: Europe. Agency: ESRO. Apogee: 130 km (80 mi).

1969 July 10 - . 12:31 GMT - . Launch Site: Ile du Levant. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

CNES C81 Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 109 km (67 mi).

1969 July 10 - . 17:50 GMT - . Launch Site: Ile du Levant. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

CNES C82 Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 114 km (70 mi).

1969 August 11 - . 01:30 GMT - . Launch Site: Kiruna. Launch Complex: Kiruna C. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 2B.

ESRO C51 / 1 Aeronomy mission - . Nation: Europe. Agency: ESRO. Apogee: 112 km (69 mi).

1969 August 14 - . 02:01 GMT - . Launch Site: Kiruna. Launch Complex: Kiruna C. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 2B.

ESRO C58 / 1 Meteorites mission - . Nation: Europe. Agency: ESRO. Apogee: 112 km (69 mi).

1969 August 18 - . Launch Site: Kourou. Launch Complex: Kourou ALFS. Launch Vehicle: Belier.

Test mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 67 km (41 mi).

1969 September 20 - . 20:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Thumba. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Dragon 1.

ISRO 26.01 Ionosphere mission - . Nation: India. Agency: ISRO. Apogee: 400 km (240 mi).

1969 September 25 - . Launch Site: Biscarosse. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Belier III.

CRAPEL/ELECTRE re-entry vehicle test flight - . Nation: France. Agency: ONERA. Apogee: 60 km (37 mi).

1969 October 10 - . 20:01 GMT - . Launch Site: Kiruna. Launch Complex: Kiruna C. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 2B.

ESRO C52 / 2 Aurora mission - . Nation: Europe. Agency: ESRO. Apogee: 135 km (83 mi).

1969 November 18 - . 13:34 GMT - . Launch Site: Biscarosse. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Dragon 3.

FU-192 Plasma Ionosphere mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 475 km (295 mi).

1969 November 27 - . 05:29 GMT - . Launch Site: Kiruna. Launch Complex: Kiruna C. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 2B.

ESRO C62 / 1 Aurora mission - . Nation: Europe. Agency: ESRO. Apogee: 160 km (90 mi).

1969 November 27 - . 06:31 GMT - . Launch Site: Kiruna. Launch Complex: Kiruna C. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 2B.

ESRO C62 / 2 Aurora mission - . Nation: Europe. Agency: ESRO. Apogee: 164 km (101 mi).

1969 December 7 - . 00:35 GMT - . Launch Site: Thumba. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 2A.

ISRO 45.03 Test / ionosphere / x-ray astronomy mission - . Nation: India. Agency: ISRO. Apogee: 123 km (76 mi).

1970 February 3 - . Launch Site: Kourou. Launch Complex: Kourou ALFS. Launch Vehicle: Belier.

Test mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 64 km (39 mi).

1970 February 4 - . 05:26 GMT - . Launch Site: Kiruna. Launch Complex: Kiruna C. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 2B.

ESRO C57 / 1 Aeronomy mission - . Nation: Europe. Agency: ESRO. Apogee: 172 km (106 mi).

1970 February 23 - . 16:50 GMT - . Launch Site: Kiruna. Launch Complex: Kiruna C. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 2B.

ESRO C37 / 1 MPE Ba Ionosphere / barium release mission - . Nation: Europe. Agency: ESRO. Apogee: 210 km (130 mi).

1970 April 3 - . 01:22 GMT - . Launch Site: Kiruna. Launch Complex: Kiruna C. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 2B.

ESRO C57 / 2 Aeronomy mission - . Nation: Europe. Agency: ESRO. Apogee: 173 km (107 mi).

1970 May 6 - . 22:26 GMT - . Launch Site: Mar Chiquita. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Dragon 1.

Electron density Test / plasma / fields mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 430 km (260 mi).

1970 June 7 - . 07:26 GMT - . Launch Site: Kiruna. Launch Complex: Kiruna C. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 2B.

ESRO C48 / 1 Solar ultraviolet mission - . Nation: Europe. Agency: ESRO. Apogee: 162 km (100 mi).

1970 August 9 - . 23:40 GMT - . Launch Site: Kiruna. Launch Complex: Kiruna C. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 2B.

ESRO C58 / 2 Ionosphere / meteorites mission - . Nation: Europe. Agency: ESRO. Apogee: 114 km (70 mi).

1970 August 10 - . 00:50 GMT - . Launch Site: Kiruna. Launch Complex: Kiruna C. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 2B.

ESRO C51 / 2 Aeronomy mission - . Nation: Europe. Agency: ESRO. Apogee: 154 km (95 mi).

1970 August 19 - . 11:03 GMT - . Launch Site: Kiruna. Launch Complex: Kiruna C. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 2B.

ESRO C48 / 2 Solar ultraviolet mission - . Nation: Europe. Agency: ESRO. Apogee: 163 km (101 mi).

1970 October 6 - . 10:50 GMT - . Launch Site: Biscarosse. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Dragon 3.

EIDI-1 Ionosphere mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 480 km (290 mi).

1970 October 22 - . 08:23 GMT - . Launch Site: Biscarosse. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Dragon 3.

EIDI-2 Ionosphere mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 480 km (290 mi).

1970 November 6 - . Launch Site: Kourou. Launch Complex: Kourou ALFS. Launch Vehicle: Belier.

FU-191 Range test - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 58 km (36 mi).

1971 January 7 - . 00:27 GMT - . Launch Site: Thumba. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 2A. FAILURE: Failure.

ISRO 5.12 Recovery Test / aeronomy mission - . Nation: India. Agency: ISRO. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1971 January 17 - . 14:48 GMT - . Launch Site: Kiruna. Launch Complex: Kiruna C. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 2B.

ESRO C37 / 2 MPE Ba Ionosphere / barium release mission - . Nation: Europe. Agency: ESRO. Apogee: 215 km (133 mi).

1971 January 25 - . 12:38 GMT - . Launch Site: Kiruna. Launch Complex: Kiruna C. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 2B.

ESRO C60 / 1 Chemical release / particles mission - . Nation: Europe. Agency: ESRO. Apogee: 175 km (108 mi).

1971 January 26 - . 10:50 GMT - . Launch Site: Kiruna. Launch Complex: Kiruna C. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 2B.

ESRO C60 / 2 Chemical release / particles mission - . Nation: Europe. Agency: ESRO. Apogee: 167 km (103 mi).

1971 January 27 - . 23:02 GMT - . Launch Site: Kiruna. Launch Complex: Kiruna C. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 2B.

ESRO C78 / 1 Aurora mission - . Nation: Europe. Agency: ESRO. Apogee: 140 km (80 mi).

1971 April 26 - . 19:34 GMT - . Launch Site: El Arenosillo. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

INTA C-7101 Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 129 km (80 mi).

1971 May 26 - . 20:00 GMT - . Launch Site: El Arenosillo. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

INTA C-7102 Aeronomy /ionosphere mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 128 km (79 mi).

1971 May 27 - . 04:36 GMT - . Launch Site: El Arenosillo. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

INTA C-7103 Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 127 km (78 mi).

1971 May 27 - . 20:00 GMT - . Launch Site: El Arenosillo. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

INTA C-7104 Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 103 km (64 mi).

1971 July 31 - . 00:21 GMT - . Launch Site: Kiruna. Launch Complex: Kiruna C. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 2C.

ESRO C59/1 Aeronomy mission - . Nation: Europe. Agency: ESRO. Apogee: 120 km (70 mi).

1971 August 1 - . 00:09 GMT - . Launch Site: Kiruna. Launch Complex: Kiruna C. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 2C.

ESRO C59/2 Aeronomy mission - . Nation: Europe. Agency: ESRO. Apogee: 119 km (73 mi).

1971 September 13 - . Launch Site: Kourou. Launch Complex: Kourou ALFS. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

CNES C133 Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1971 September 19 - . 22:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Kourou. Launch Complex: Kourou ALFS. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

CNES C132 Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1971 September 19 - . 22:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Kourou. Launch Complex: Kourou ALFS. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

CNES C146 Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1971 October 18 - . 14:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Kourou. Launch Complex: Kourou ALFS. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

CNES C154 / ISRO 5.13? Recovery test - . Nation: India. Agency: ISRO. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1971 November 22 - . 20:07 GMT - . Launch Site: Kiruna. Launch Complex: Kiruna C. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 2B.

ESRO C78 / 2 Aurora mission - . Nation: Europe. Agency: ESRO. Apogee: 138 km (85 mi).

1972 January 21 - . 19:02 GMT - . Launch Site: Kiruna. Launch Complex: Kiruna C. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 2C.

ESRO C76/1 Particles/Auroral mission - . Nation: Europe. Agency: ESRO. Apogee: 130 km (80 mi).

1972 January 22 - . 00:58 GMT - . Launch Site: Kiruna. Launch Complex: Kiruna C. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 2C.

ESRO C76/2 Particles/Auroral mission - . Nation: Europe. Agency: ESRO. Apogee: 131 km (81 mi).

1972 April 7 - . 14:20 GMT - . Launch Site: Sonmiani. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

Aeronomy / ionosphere mission - . Nation: Pakistan. Agency: SUPARCO. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1972 April 8 - . 14:18 GMT - . Launch Site: Sonmiani. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

Aeronomy / ionosphere mission - . Nation: Pakistan. Agency: SUPARCO. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1972 April 28 - . 00:10 GMT - . Launch Site: Sonmiani. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Dragon 2B.

Shahpar-3 Test / ionosphere mission - . Nation: Pakistan. Agency: SUPARCO. Apogee: 400 km (240 mi).

1972 August 12 - . 02:15 GMT - . Launch Site: Thumba. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 2A.

ISRO 5.14 Ionosphere mission - . Nation: India. Agency: ISRO. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1972 August 17 - . 10:02 GMT - . Launch Site: Thumba. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 2A.

ISRO 5.16 Ionosphere mission - . Nation: India. Agency: ISRO. Apogee: 151 km (93 mi).

1972 October 13 - . 18:57 GMT - . Launch Site: Thumba. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 2A.

ISRO 5.17 Fields mission - . Nation: India. Agency: ISRO. Apogee: 120 km (70 mi).

1972 December 13 - . 05:18 GMT - . Launch Site: CELPA. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Dragon 1.

FU-206 Protons / electrons Ionosphere / geocorona mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 380 km (230 mi).

1973 January 21 - . 09:40 GMT - . Launch Site: Thumba. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 2A.

ISRO 5.15 Fields mission - . Nation: India. Agency: ISRO. Apogee: 165 km (102 mi).

1973 February 2 - . 19:05 GMT - . Launch Site: Thumba. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 2A.

ISRO 5.18 CO.07 Ionosphere mission - . Nation: India. Agency: ISRO. Apogee: 147 km (91 mi).

1973 February 17 - . 23:57 GMT - . Launch Site: Biscarosse. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Dragon 3.

FU-211 EIDI-3 Ionosphere mission - . Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 460 km (280 mi).

1973 March 3 - . 06:05 GMT - . Launch Site: Thumba. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 2A.

ISRO 5.19 Fields mission - . Nation: India. Agency: CNES, ISRO. Apogee: 125 km (77 mi).

1973 April 11 - . 17:50 GMT - . Launch Site: Thumba. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 2A.

ISRO 5.20 Fields mission - . Nation: India. Agency: ISRO. Apogee: 151 km (93 mi).

1973 July 4 - . 01:15 GMT - . Launch Site: Thumba. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 2A.

ISRO 5.21 Fields mission - . Nation: India. Agency: ISRO. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1974 February 20 - . 17:01 GMT - . Launch Site: Kiruna. Launch Complex: Kiruna C. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 2C.

SSC C111 / 1 Aurora mission - . Nation: Sweden. Agency: SSC. Apogee: 155 km (96 mi).

1974 February 20 - . 18:22 GMT - . Launch Site: Kiruna. Launch Complex: Kiruna C. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 2C.

SSC C111 / 2 Aurora mission - . Nation: Sweden. Agency: SSC. Apogee: 152 km (94 mi).

1974 September 12 - . Launch Site: Kourou. Launch Complex: Kourou ALFS. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 2C.

NO-II-1 Aeronomy mission - . Nation: Belgium. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 140 km (80 mi).

1974 September 12 - . Launch Site: Kourou. Launch Complex: Kourou ALFS. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 2C.

NO-II-2 Aeronomy mission - . Nation: Belgium. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 140 km (80 mi).

1974 September 13 - . Launch Site: Kourou. Launch Complex: Kourou ALFS. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 2C.

NO-II-3 Aeronomy mission - . Nation: Belgium. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 140 km (80 mi).

1975 February 9 - . 05:50 GMT - . Launch Site: Thumba. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 2B.

ISRO 5.23 Ionosphere mission - . Nation: India. Agency: ISRO. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1975 February 19 - . 05:35 GMT - . Launch Site: Thumba. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 2B.

ISRO 5.25 CO.04 Ionosphere mission - . Nation: India. Agency: ISRO. Apogee: 160 km (90 mi).

1975 February 19 - . 09:04 GMT - . Launch Site: Thumba. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 2B.

ISRO 5.24 Ionosphere mission - . Nation: India. Agency: ISRO. Apogee: 164 km (101 mi).

1975 March 7 - . 00:22 GMT - . Launch Site: Kiruna. Launch Complex: Kiruna C. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 2C.

SSC S13 Aeronomy mission - . Nation: Sweden. Agency: SSC. Apogee: 109 km (67 mi).

1975 April 21 - . 08:11 GMT - . Launch Site: Thumba. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 2B.

ISRO 5.26 CO.22 Ionosphere mission - . Nation: India. Agency: ISRO. Apogee: 157 km (97 mi).

1975 April 21 - . 17:30 GMT - . Launch Site: Thumba. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 2B.

ISRO 5.27 CO.21 Ionosphere mission - . Nation: India. Agency: ISRO. Apogee: 156 km (96 mi).

1976 February 29 - . 13:04 GMT - . Launch Site: Thumba. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 2B.

ISRO 5.29 Aeronomy / ionosphere mission - . Nation: India. Agency: ISRO. Apogee: 56 km (34 mi).

1976 March 24 - . 00:40 GMT - . Launch Site: Thumba. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 2B.

ISRO 5.30 Ionosphere / fields mission - . Nation: India. Agency: ISRO. Apogee: 142 km (88 mi).

1976 March 26 - . 01:25 GMT - . Launch Site: Thumba. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 2B.

ISRO 5.31 Ionosphere / fields mission - . Nation: India. Agency: ISRO. Apogee: 139 km (86 mi).

1976 April 18 - . 23:55 GMT - . Launch Site: Thumba. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 2B.

ISRO 5.32 Aeronomy / ionosphere mission - . Nation: India. Agency: ISRO. Apogee: 152 km (94 mi).

1976 July 27 - . 04:45 GMT - . Launch Site: Thumba. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 2B.

ISRO 5.33 test - . Nation: India. Agency: ISRO. Apogee: 97 km (60 mi).

1976 October 8 - . 17:44 GMT - . Launch Site: Thumba. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 2B.

ISRO 5.34 Plasma mission - . Nation: India. Agency: ISRO. Apogee: 120 km (70 mi).

1976 October 14 - . 17:17 GMT - . Launch Site: Thumba. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 2B. FAILURE: Failure.

ISRO 5.35 Plasma mission - . Nation: India. Agency: ISRO. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1976 October 27 - . 16:29 GMT - . Launch Site: Thumba. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 2B.

ISRO 5.36 C-300 X-ray astronomy mission - . Nation: India. Agency: ISRO. Apogee: 148 km (91 mi).

1976 November 18 - . 04:25 GMT - . Launch Site: Thumba. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 2B.

ISRO 5.37 Ionosphere mission - . Nation: India. Agency: ISRO. Apogee: 128 km (79 mi).

1977 June 4 - . 05:58 GMT - . Launch Site: Thumba. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 2B.

ISRO CO.40 Ionosphere mission - . Nation: France. Agency: ISRO. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1977 December 12 - . Launch Site: El Arenosillo. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

Ionosphere mission - . Nation: France. Agency: INTA. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1977 December 16 - . Launch Site: El Arenosillo. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.

Ionosphere mission - . Nation: France. Agency: INTA. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1978 February 21 - . 09:22 GMT - . Launch Site: Thumba. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 2B.

ISRO CO.47 Ionosphere mission - . Nation: France. Agency: ISRO. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1978 October 31 - . 14:20 GMT - . Launch Site: Thumba. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 2B.

ISRO 5.49 - . Nation: India. Agency: ISRO. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1978 December 20 - . 20:45 GMT - . Launch Site: Thumba. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 2B.

ISRO C.51 Ionosphere mission - . Nation: France. Agency: ISRO. Apogee: 160 km (90 mi).

1978 December 21 - . 00:45 GMT - . Launch Site: Thumba. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 2B.

ISRO CO.52 Ionosphere mission - . Nation: France. Agency: ISRO. Apogee: 135 km (83 mi).

1979 February 21 - . 15:05 GMT - . Launch Site: Thumba. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 2B.

Nation: India. Agency: ISRO. Apogee: 72 km (44 mi).

1979 November 15 - . Launch Site: Thumba. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 2B.

AST 2 Technology test - . Nation: India. Agency: ISRO. Apogee: 148 km (91 mi).

1980 February 16 - . 09:24 GMT - . Launch Site: Thumba. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 2B.

Eclipse D1 Eclipse ionosphere mission - . Nation: France. Agency: ISRO. Apogee: 140 km (80 mi).

1980 February 16 - . 09:52 GMT - . Launch Site: Thumba. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 2B.

Eclipse D2 Eclipse ionosphere mission - . Nation: France. Agency: ISRO. Apogee: 140 km (80 mi).

1980 February 16 - . 13:25 GMT - . Launch Site: Thumba. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 2B.

Eclipse Ba / Li Eclipse aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: ISRO. Apogee: 140 km (80 mi).

1980 February 17 - . Launch Site: Thumba. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 2B.

NO Photometer Aeronomy mission - . Nation: India. Agency: ISRO. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1980 February 17 - . 09:52 GMT - . Launch Site: Thumba. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 2B.

Eclipse D3 Eclipse ionosphere mission - . Nation: France. Agency: ISRO. Apogee: 140 km (80 mi).

1980 February 18 - . 01:50 GMT - . Launch Site: Thumba. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 2B.

O3 Photometer Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: ISRO. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1981 February 4 - . 05:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Thumba. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure.

Langmuir / E Field Ionosphere mission - . Nation: France. Agency: ISRO. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1981 February 12 - . 05:27 GMT - . Launch Site: Thumba. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 2B.

Langmuir / E Field Ionosphere mission - . Nation: France. Agency: ISRO. Apogee: 158 km (98 mi).

1982 January 30 - . 05:59 GMT - . Launch Site: Thumba. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure.

Langmuir / E Field Ionosphere mission - . Nation: France. Agency: ISRO. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1986 March 7 - . 05:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Thumba. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure.

D-region ionization comparison Aeronomy mission - . Nation: France. Agency: ISRO. Apogee: 140 km (80 mi).

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