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Soyuz TM-10

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Mir EVA Mir EVA - Solar Panel Credit: RKK Energia

AKA: Mir EO-7;Vulkan (Volcano). Launched: 1990-08-01. Returned: 1990-12-10. Number crew: 2 . Duration: 130.86 days.

Landed December 10, 1990 06:08 GMT, 69 km NW of Arkalyk.

Narrative (adapted from D S F Portree's Mir Hardware Heritage, NASA RP-1357, 1995)

The EO-7 relief crew arrived aboard Soyuz TM-10 on August 3. The new crew arrived at Mir's aft port with four passengers -- quail for cages in Kvant 2. A quail laid an egg en route to the station. It was returned to Earth, along with 130 kg of experiment results and industrial products, in Soyuz TM-9. The spacecraft landed without incident on August 9.

The crew then set to work and linked Kristall's attitude control system to the Mir complex on August 28. On August 30 they practiced dealing with emergency situations which might arise in the expanded Mir complex. Between August 22 and September 11, Progress M-4 boosted the complex to a mean altitude of 390 km. Strekalov and Manakov installed a device for producing plasma on Progress M-4's docking unit before casting off the spacecraft on September 17. For three days it flew formation with the station, releasing plasma for the crew to observe and record.

Progress M-5 arrived at the station on September 29, 1990. It carried television equipment for the upcoming joint Soviet-Japanese mission. It was also the first Progress-M equipped with a Raduga return capsule. On October 1 Soyuz TM-10's main engine pushed Mir to a mean altitude of 397 km. The KAP-350 and Priroda 5 cameras were used as part of the Makhichevan-90 Earth resources observation program, which studied the region between the Black and Caspian seas.

An EVA to study Kvant 2 hatch damage was postponed several days after Strekalov came down with a cold. On October 29 the cosmonauts exited Mir through the Kvant 2 hatch and removed thermal insulation. They found that the hatch was beyond their ability to repair. They attached a device to the hatch to allow it to close properly.

Soyuz TM-11 arrived at the station on December 4 with the EO-8 relief crew of Viktor Afanasyev, Musa Manarov (on his second Mir visit), and Japanese television journalist Toyohiro Akiyama. Akiyama's network, the Tokyo Broadcasting System (TBS), paid for the flight. The Soviets called this their first commercial spaceflight and claimed to have earned $14 million. The journalist was scheduled to make one 10-min TV broadcast and two 20-min radio broadcasts each day. Electrical power and video and TV system incompatibilities forced the Japanese to make extensive use of converters. His equipment, which weighed about 170 kg, was delivered by Progress-M spacecraft and set up in advance by Manakov and Strekalov. On December 5 Akiyama's couch was transferred to Soyuz TM-10. On December 8 Manakov and Strekalov commenced loading Soyuz TM-10's descent module with film and experiment results. TBS broadcast the landing of the EO-7 crew together with Akiyama live from Kazakhstan.

• Soyuz TM-10 - . Call Sign: Vulkan (Volcano ). Crew: Manakov, Strekalov. Backup Crew: Afanasyev, Manarov. Payload: Soyuz TM s/n 61A. Mass: 7,150 kg (15,760 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MOM. Program: Mir. Class: Manned. Type: Manned spacecraft. Flight: Soyuz TM-10, Soyuz TM-9. Spacecraft Bus: Soyuz. Spacecraft: Soyuz TM. Duration: 130.86 days. Decay Date: 1990-12-10 . USAF Sat Cat: 20722 . COSPAR: 1990-067A. Apogee: 219 km (136 mi). Perigee: 198 km (123 mi). Inclination: 51.60 deg. Period: 88.70 min.

  Manned two crew. Docked with Mir. Mir Expedition EO-07. Transported to the Mir manned orbital station the crew consisting of the cosmonauts G M Manakov and G M Strekalov for the purpose of carrying out a programme of geophysical and astrophysical research, biological and biotechnological experiments, and work on space-materials science.

• Landing of Soyuz TM-9 - . Return Crew: Balandin, Solovyov. Nation: Russia. Related Persons: Balandin, Solovyov. Program: Mir. Flight: Soyuz TM-10, Soyuz TM-9. Soyuz TM-9 landed at 07:35 GMT, 70 km from Arkalyk at 50 deg 51'E 67 deg 17' N..

• Progress M-4 - . Payload: Progress M s/n 204. Mass: 7,294 kg (16,080 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MOM. Program: Mir. Class: Manned. Type: Manned logistics spacecraft. Flight: Soyuz TM-10. Spacecraft Bus: Soyuz. Spacecraft: Progress M. Duration: 36.32 days. Completed Operations Date: 1990-09-20 11:43:08 . Decay Date: 1990-09-20 11:43:08 . USAF Sat Cat: 20752 . COSPAR: 1990-072A. Apogee: 219 km (136 mi). Perigee: 184 km (114 mi). Inclination: 51.60 deg. Period: 88.50 min.

  Unmanned resupply vessel to Mir. Delivered cables for rewiring operations and equipment for Soyuz TM-11 Japanese journalist flight. Docked with Mir on 17 Aug 1990 05:26:13 GMT. Undocked on 17 Sep 1990 12:42:43 GMT. Destroyed in reentry on 20 Sep 1990 11:42:49 GMT. Total free-flight time 5.02 days. Total docked time 31.30 days.

• Progress M-5 - . Payload: Progress M s/n 206. Mass: 7,320 kg (16,130 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MOM. Program: Mir. Class: Manned. Type: Manned logistics spacecraft. Flight: Soyuz TM-10. Spacecraft Bus: Soyuz. Spacecraft: Progress M. Duration: 62.02 days. Completed Operations Date: 1990-11-28 10:59:23 . Decay Date: 1990-11-28 10:59:23 . USAF Sat Cat: 20824 . COSPAR: 1990-085A. Apogee: 229 km (142 mi). Perigee: 186 km (115 mi). Inclination: 51.60 deg. Period: 88.70 min.

  Unmanned resupply vessel to Mir. Included first Progress recoverable capsule for return of 150 kg of payload to earth. Docked with Mir on 29 Sep 1990 12:26:50 GMT. Undocked on 28 Nov 1990 06:15:46 GMT. After deorbit burn, capsule separated for reentry with an expected landing in Kazakhstan at 28 Nov 1990 11:04:05 GMT. However the recoverable capsule's beacon signal was never received after reentry. All experimental data and materials in capsule lost. Total free-flight time 2.28 days. Total docked time 59.74 days.

• VBK Raduga - . Mass: 7,450 kg (16,420 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: UNKS. Program: Mir. Flight: Soyuz TM-10. Spacecraft Bus: Soyuz. Spacecraft: Progress M. Decay Date: 1990-11-28 . USAF Sat Cat: 20824 . COSPAR: 1990-085xx. Apogee: 406 km (252 mi). Perigee: 361 km (224 mi). Inclination: 51.60 deg. Period: 92.20 min.

• EVA Mir EO-7-1 - . Crew: Manakov, Strekalov. EVA Duration: 0.11 days. Nation: Russia. Related Persons: Manakov, Strekalov. Program: Mir. Class: Manned. Type: Manned space station. Flight: Soyuz TM-10. Spacecraft: Mir. Attempt to repair Kvant 2 hatch..

• Soyuz TM-11 - . Call Sign: Derbent (Derbent - Russian city). Crew: Afanasyev, Akiyama, Manarov. Backup Crew: Artsebarsky, Kikuchi, Krikalyov. Payload: Soyuz TM s/n 61. Mass: 7,150 kg (15,760 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MOM. Program: Mir. Class: Manned. Type: Manned spacecraft. Flight: Soyuz TM-10, Soyuz TM-11, Soyuz TM-11 Kosmoreporter. Spacecraft Bus: Soyuz. Spacecraft: Soyuz TM. Duration: 175.08 days. Decay Date: 1991-05-26 . USAF Sat Cat: 20981 . COSPAR: 1990-107A. Apogee: 400 km (240 mi). Perigee: 367 km (228 mi). Inclination: 51.60 deg. Period: 92.20 min.

  Docked with Mir. Mir Expedition EO-08. Transported to the Mir manned orbital station the international crew consisting of the cosmonauts V M Afanasyev, M Kh Manarov, and T Akiyami (Japan) for the purpose of carrying out joint work with the cosmonauts G M Manakov and G M Strekalov. Launched jointly with the private Japanese company TBS. The Japanese television network ended up paying $ 28 million for the first commercial flight to Mir to put Akiyama, the first journalist in space aboard Soyuz TM-11. Akiyama made daily television broadcasts.

• Landing of Soyuz TM-10 - . Return Crew: Akiyama, Manakov, Strekalov. Nation: Russia. Related Persons: Akiyama, Manakov, Strekalov. Program: Mir. Flight: Soyuz TM-10, Soyuz TM-11, Soyuz TM-11 Kosmoreporter. Soyuz TM-10 landed at 06:07 GMT, 69 km NW Arkalyk, with the crew of Akiyama, Manakov and Strekalov aboard..