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GPS Block 2R

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GPS Block 2R Credit: USAF

AKA: AS 4000;Global Positioning System;Navstar. Status: Operational 1997. First Launch: 1997-01-17. Last Launch: 2009-08-17. Number: 21 . Gross mass: 2,032 kg (4,479 lb). Height: 1.91 m (6.26 ft). Span: 11.40 m (37.40 ft).

The GPS IIR contract was issued in 1989 and included 21 satellites based on the commercial AS-4000 bus. These provided improved navigation accuracy and longer autonomous satellite operation than earlier model GPS satellites. Lockheed was responsible for launch and flight operations support of the GPS IIR through 2006.

Block IIR satellites provided dramatic improvements over previous blocks. They could determine their own position by performing inter-satellite ranging with other IIR vehicles. They also had reprogrammable satellite processors enabling problem fixes and upgrades in flight, increased satellite autonomy, and radiation hardness.

Additionally, the Block IIR could be launched into any of the required GPS orbits at any time, assuming a 60-day advanced notice, and required many fewer ground contacts to maintain the constellation. All of these improvements result in increased accuracy for GPS users and a cost 33 percent less per satellite than the previous generation of Block IIA satellites. Up to 12 Block IIR satellites were to be modified to radiate the new military M-code on both the L1 and L2 channel as well as the more robust civil signal L2C on the L2 channel. The M-code signal was to enable GPS operations in a higher jamming environment and reduce vulnerability of military GPS-based systems. The first modified Block IIR (or IIR-M) was planned for launch in July 2003.

The satellites were three-axis stabilized and operated at downlink frequencies of 1572.42 MHz and 1227.6 MHz (L-Band) and 2227.5 MHz (S-Band).

Electric System: 1.14 average kW.

Photo Gallery

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USA 145 Credit: Manufacturer Image

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• GPS 42 - . Payload: GPS 2R-1 / GPS SVN 42. Mass: 2,030 kg (4,470 lb). Nation: USA. Agency: MDSSC. Manufacturer: Valley Forge. Program: Navstar. Class: Navigation. Type: Navigation satellite. Spacecraft Bus: AS 4000. Spacecraft: GPS Block 2R. Destroyed in launch vehicle failure..

• USA 132 - . Payload: GPS 2R-2 / GPS SVN 43. Mass: 2,030 kg (4,470 lb). Nation: USA. Agency: USAF. Manufacturer: Valley Forge. Program: Navstar. Class: Navigation. Type: Navigation satellite. Spacecraft Bus: AS 4000. Spacecraft: GPS Block 2R. USAF Sat Cat: 24876 . COSPAR: 1997-035A. Apogee: 20,235 km (12,573 mi). Perigee: 20,132 km (12,509 mi). Inclination: 55.80 deg. Period: 718.00 min. Placed in Plane F Slot 3 of the constellation..

• USA 145 - . Payload: GPS 2R-3 / GPS SVN 46. Mass: 2,030 kg (4,470 lb). Nation: USA. Agency: USAF. Manufacturer: Valley Forge. Program: Navstar. Class: Navigation. Type: Navigation satellite. Spacecraft Bus: AS 4000. Spacecraft: GPS Block 2R. USAF Sat Cat: 25933 . COSPAR: 1999-055A. Apogee: 20,202 km (12,552 mi). Perigee: 20,163 km (12,528 mi). Inclination: 52.60 deg. Period: 718.00 min. Third GPS Block 2R satellite. SVN 46 replaced SVN 50 which had been damaged by rain on Pad 17 earlier while being prepared for launch earlier in the year. Placed in Plane D Slot 2..

• USA 150 - . Payload: GPS 2R-4 / GPS SVN 51. Mass: 2,030 kg (4,470 lb). Nation: USA. Agency: USAF. Manufacturer: Lockheed. Program: Navstar. Class: Navigation. Type: Navigation satellite. Spacecraft Bus: AS 4000. Spacecraft: GPS Block 2R. USAF Sat Cat: 26360 . COSPAR: 2000-025A. Apogee: 20,235 km (12,573 mi). Perigee: 20,127 km (12,506 mi). Inclination: 55.20 deg. Period: 717.90 min. Placed into an elliptical transfer orbit. The satellite's Thiokol Star 37 apogee motor was used to circularise the orbit at 20,000 km in Plane E Slot 1 of the constellation, replacing GPS GPS 2-1..

• USA 151 - . Payload: GPS 2R-5 / GPS SVN 44. Mass: 2,032 kg (4,479 lb). Nation: USA. Agency: USAF. Manufacturer: Lockheed. Program: Navstar. Class: Navigation. Type: Navigation satellite. Spacecraft Bus: AS 4000. Spacecraft: GPS Block 2R. USAF Sat Cat: 26407 . COSPAR: 2000-040A. Apogee: 20,650 km (12,830 mi). Perigee: 19,715 km (12,250 mi). Inclination: 56.00 deg. Period: 718.00 min. Global Positioning satellite, placed in Plane B Slot 5. Launch delayed from June 15 and the June 21..

• USA 154 - . Payload: GPS 2R-6 / GPS SVN 41. Mass: 2,032 kg (4,479 lb). Nation: USA. Agency: USAF. Manufacturer: Lockheed. Program: Navstar. Class: Navigation. Type: Navigation satellite. Spacecraft Bus: AS 4000. Spacecraft: GPS Block 2R. USAF Sat Cat: 26605 . COSPAR: 2000-071A. Apogee: 20,244 km (12,579 mi). Perigee: 20,118 km (12,500 mi). Inclination: 55.50 deg. Period: 717.90 min.

  The Delta stage 2 entered a 153 x 418 km x 37 deg parking orbit followed by a 172 x 1144 km second orbit; the PAM-D solid upper stage then fired to give SVN 41 a 20457 km apogee. The Thiokol Star 37FM solid kick motor was fired prior to November 13 to place the spacecraft in its final circular 20,000 km orbit. Placed in Plane F Slot 1 of the GPS constellation.

• USA 156 - . Payload: GPS 2R-7 / GPS SVN 54. Mass: 2,032 kg (4,479 lb). Nation: USA. Agency: USAF. Manufacturer: Lockheed. Program: Navstar. Class: Navigation. Type: Navigation satellite. Spacecraft Bus: AS 4000. Spacecraft: GPS Block 2R. USAF Sat Cat: 26690 . COSPAR: 2001-004A. Apogee: 20,208 km (12,556 mi). Perigee: 20,157 km (12,524 mi). Inclination: 55.20 deg. Period: 718.00 min. GPS Block IIR production no. SV 14. Placed in Plane E Slot 4 of the constellation..

• USA 166 - . Payload: GPS 2R-8 / Navstar 51. Mass: 2,032 kg (4,479 lb). Nation: USA. Agency: USAF. Manufacturer: Lockheed. Program: Navstar. Class: Navigation. Type: Navigation satellite. Spacecraft Bus: AS 4000. Spacecraft: GPS Block 2R. USAF Sat Cat: 27663 . COSPAR: 2003-005A. Apogee: 20,352 km (12,646 mi). Perigee: 20,163 km (12,528 mi). Inclination: 55.06 deg. Period: 720.74 min. Launch delayed from June 11 and August 16, 2001; March 6, April 29, August 11 and November 7, 2002..

• USA 168 - . Payload: GPS 2R-9 / Navstar 52. Mass: 2,032 kg (4,479 lb). Nation: USA. Agency: USAF. Manufacturer: Lockheed. Program: Navstar. Class: Navigation. Type: Navigation satellite. Spacecraft Bus: AS 4000. Spacecraft: GPS Block 2R. USAF Sat Cat: 27704 . COSPAR: 2003-010A. Apogee: 20,376 km (12,661 mi). Perigee: 19,985 km (12,418 mi). Inclination: 55.00 deg. Period: 717.90 min. Delayed from May 16, July 25, November 14, 2002, and February 6, 2003. Timely replenishment of GPS constellation..

• USA 175 - . Payload: GPS 2R-10 / Navstar 53 / GPS SVN 47. Mass: 2,032 kg (4,479 lb). Nation: USA. Agency: USAF. Manufacturer: Lockheed. Program: Navstar. Class: Navigation. Type: Navigation satellite. Spacecraft Bus: AS 4000. Spacecraft: GPS Block 2R. USAF Sat Cat: 28129 . COSPAR: 2003-058A. Apogee: 20,328 km (12,631 mi). Perigee: 19,963 km (12,404 mi). Inclination: 55.10 deg. Period: 716.50 min. Tenth Navstar Block IIR (R = replenishment) launch..

• USA 177 - . Payload: GPS 2R-11 / Navstar 54. Mass: 2,032 kg (4,479 lb). Nation: USA. Agency: USAF. Manufacturer: Lockheed. Program: Navstar. Class: Navigation. Type: Navigation satellite. Spacecraft Bus: AS 4000. Spacecraft: GPS Block 2R. USAF Sat Cat: 28190 . COSPAR: 2004-009A. Apogee: 20,268 km (12,593 mi). Perigee: 20,100 km (12,400 mi). Inclination: 55.00 deg. Period: 718.00 min. Launch delayed from December 19, 2003, March 8, 2004..

• USA 178 - . Payload: GPS 2R-12 / Navstar 55. Mass: 2,032 kg (4,479 lb). Nation: USA. Agency: USAF. Manufacturer: Lockheed. Program: Navstar. Class: Navigation. Type: Navigation satellite. Spacecraft Bus: AS 4000. Spacecraft: GPS Block 2R. USAF Sat Cat: 28361 . COSPAR: 2004-023A. Apogee: 20,273 km (12,597 mi). Perigee: 20,090 km (12,480 mi). Inclination: 55.10 deg. Period: 717.90 min. Delayed from February 17. Delayed from June 5, 11, 13, 14, 16, 18, 19, 20 and 21. Moved up from July 20..

• USA 180 - . Payload: GPS 2R-13 / Navstar 61. Mass: 2,032 kg (4,479 lb). Nation: USA. Agency: USAF. Manufacturer: Lockheed. Program: Navstar. Class: Navigation. Type: Navigation satellite. Spacecraft Bus: AS 4000. Spacecraft: GPS Block 2R. USAF Sat Cat: 28474 . COSPAR: 2004-045A. Apogee: 20,413 km (12,684 mi). Perigee: 19,810 km (12,300 mi). Inclination: 54.90 deg. Period: 715.10 min. Launch delayed from September 22, October 8, 25 and 30, November 5. Fired its apogee motor at around 02:40 GMT on November 9 to transfer from its initial 159 x 20380 km x 39.1 deg transfer orbit to its operational orbit in the GPS constellation..

• USA 183 - . Payload: GPS 2R-14M / Navstar 57. Mass: 2,032 kg (4,479 lb). Nation: USA. Agency: USAF. Manufacturer: Lockheed. Program: Navstar. Class: Navigation. Type: Navigation satellite. Spacecraft Bus: AS 4000. Spacecraft: GPS Block 2R. USAF Sat Cat: 28874 . COSPAR: 2005-038A. Apogee: 20,187 km (12,543 mi). Perigee: 20,006 km (12,431 mi). Inclination: 55.00 deg. Period: 714.50 min.

  Delayed from December 2004; February 1, March 17, 2005. Moved up from May 20 2005. Then delayed from May 4, July 29, August 26, September 22, 2005. Became operational at 23:30 GMT on 16 December. First GPS Block IIR-M version, which added extra navigation signals for both civil and military users. The NASA-funded L2C tracking demonstration was managed by JPL and explored the use of a new Civilian code signal (L2C). The data was collected with Trimble NetRS receivers L2C-enabled firmware. The sites were globally distributed: South Africa, Norway, Antarctica, Hawaii, and Alaska.

• USA 190 - . Payload: GPS 2R-15M / Navstar 52. Mass: 2,032 kg (4,479 lb). Nation: USA. Agency: Seal Beach. Manufacturer: Lockheed. Program: Navstar. Class: Navigation. Type: Navigation satellite. Spacecraft Bus: AS 4000. Spacecraft: GPS Block 2R. USAF Sat Cat: 29486 . COSPAR: 2006-042A. Apogee: 20,342 km (12,639 mi). Perigee: 20,020 km (12,430 mi). Inclination: 54.90 deg. Period: 717.90 min. Second GPS Block IIR-M version, which added extra navigation signals for both civil and military users..

• USA 192 - . Payload: GPS 2R-16M / Navstar 59. Mass: 2,032 kg (4,479 lb). Nation: USA. Agency: USAF. Manufacturer: Lockheed. Program: Navstar. Class: Navigation. Type: Navigation satellite. Spacecraft Bus: AS 4000. Spacecraft: GPS Block 2R. USAF Sat Cat: 29601 . COSPAR: 2006-052A. Apogee: 20,367 km (12,655 mi). Range: 55 km (34 mi). Perigee: 20,206 km (12,555 mi). Inclination: 54.90 deg. Period: 722.20 min. Set operational at 03:07 GMT on 12 December..

• USA 196 - . Payload: GPS 2R-17M / Navstar 55. Mass: 2,032 kg (4,479 lb). Nation: USA. Agency: USAF. Manufacturer: Lockheed. Program: Navstar. Class: Navigation. Type: Navigation satellite. Spacecraft Bus: AS 4000. Spacecraft: GPS Block 2R. USAF Sat Cat: 32260 . COSPAR: 2007-047A. Apogee: 20,213 km (12,559 mi). Perigee: 20,149 km (12,519 mi). Inclination: 54.90 deg. Period: 717.90 min. Set operational at 22:46 GMT on 31 October..

• USA 199 - . Payload: GPS 2R-5M / Navstar 61. Mass: 2,032 kg (4,479 lb). Nation: USA. Agency: Martin. Manufacturer: Lockheed. Program: Navstar. Class: Navigation. Type: Navigation satellite. Spacecraft Bus: AS 4000. Spacecraft: GPS Block 2R. USAF Sat Cat: 32384 . COSPAR: 2007-062A. Apogee: 20,283 km (12,603 mi). Perigee: 20,082 km (12,478 mi). Inclination: 55.00 deg. Period: 718.00 min. Fifth GPS SV with L2C capability..

• USA 201 - . Payload: GPS 2R-19M / Navstar 62 / SVN 48. Mass: 2,032 kg (4,479 lb). Nation: USA. Agency: Martin. Class: Navigation. Type: Navigation satellite. Spacecraft Bus: AS 4000. Spacecraft: GPS Block 2R. USAF Sat Cat: 32711 . COSPAR: 2008-012A. Apogee: 20,223 km (12,565 mi). Perigee: 20,142 km (12,515 mi). Inclination: 55.10 deg. Period: 718.00 min.

  The Delta's second stage first cutoff at 06:20 GMT put the stage and payload into a 174 km x 205 km parking orbit. The stage fired again to place the satellite into a 188 km x 20325 km x 40.0 deg transfer orbit. USA 201 fired its apogee motor at 09:21 GMT on 17 March in and placed itself into its operational final orbit.

• USA 203 - . Payload: Navstar 63 / GPS SVN 49. Mass: 2,032 kg (4,479 lb). Nation: USA. Agency: Martin. Class: Navigation. Type: Navigation satellite. Spacecraft Bus: AS 4000. Spacecraft: GPS Block 2R. USAF Sat Cat: 34661 . COSPAR: 2009-014A. Apogee: 20,272 km (12,596 mi). Perigee: 20,093 km (12,485 mi). Inclination: 55.10 deg. Period: 718.00 min. Carried the first civil L5 signal..

• USA 206 - . Payload: Navstar 64 / GPS SVN 50. Mass: 2,032 kg (4,479 lb). Nation: USA. Agency: Martin. Class: Navigation. Type: Navigation satellite. Spacecraft Bus: AS 4000. Spacecraft: GPS Block 2R. USAF Sat Cat: 35752 . COSPAR: 2009-043A. Apogee: 20,228 km (12,569 mi). Perigee: 20,138 km (12,513 mi). Inclination: 54.90 deg. Period: 718.00 min. Last launch from LC17A. Final Block IIR-M Global Positioning System satellite..