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Molniya 8K78L
Part of R-7
Russian orbital launch vehicle. The Molniya 8K78L was designed by Korolev's design bureau for launching a manned spacecraft on a flyby of the Moon and return to earth. To achieve this it would have used LOx/LH2 engines in the third and fourth stages. Preliminary design was completed on 8 July 1962, but such technology was years away in the Soviet Union and the project was not pursued further.

AKA: 8K78L;R-7M. Status: Study 1962. Payload: 5,000 kg (11,000 lb).

It was possibly revived in 1974 as the "R-7M", of unknown configuration but with a payload of 12 metric tons to a sun synchronous orbit, over double that of a standard Soyuz-U version.

Payload: 5,000 kg (11,000 lb) to a translunar trajectory.



Family: orbital launch vehicle. Country: Russia. Agency: Korolev bureau.

1962 July 8 - . LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Molniya 8K78L.
1974 January 2 - . LV Family: N1, R-7, N11, Molniya 8K78L.
1974 February 28 - . LV Family: N1, R-7, N11, Molniya 8K78L.
1974 April 1 - . LV Family: N1, R-7, N11, Molniya 8K78L.

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