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Magnetosphere sat
 | Explorer A American earth magnetosphere satellite. Discovered Van Allen radiation belts. Spacecraft engaged in research and exploration of the upper atmosphere or outer space. |
 | Sputnik 3 Russian earth magnetosphere satellite. In July 1956 OKB-1 completed the draft project for the first earth satellite, designated ISZ (Artificial Earth Satellite). Scientific satellite, Russia. Launched 1958. |
 | Vanguard 2 American earth magnetosphere satellite. The actual operational satellite that was to be launched by the Vanguard launcher. |
| Explorer B American earth magnetosphere satellite. Explorer 4. Mapped project Argus radiation. |
| Explorer C American earth magnetosphere satellite. Explorer 5. |
 | Vanguard 3 American earth magnetosphere satellite. Radiation, micrometeoroid data. |
 | S-1 American earth magnetosphere satellite. Magnetic field, solar flare data. Research satellite built by Army Ballistic Missile Agency for NASA, USA. Launched 1959. |
 | S-2 American earth magnetosphere satellite. Explorer 6. First Earth photo; radiation data. Research, Ionosphere, Magnetosphere satellite built by TRW Space Technology Laboratory (STL) for NASA, USA. Launched 1959. |
 | S-46 American earth magnetosphere satellite. Explorer. Research, ionospheric satellite operated by NASA, USA. Launched 1960. |
 | Injun American earth magnetosphere satellite. Radiation decay data satellite. May also have been a cover for some NRL ELINT satellites. |
 | Lofti 2 American earth magnetosphere satellite. Carried 5 satellites. |
 | Ariel American earth magnetosphere satellite. Ionospheric studies; returned X-ray, ionospheric, cosmic ray data. Science satellite built by Westinghouse Electric (Spacecraft), UK. Launched 1962 - 1964. |
 | ERS American earth magnetosphere satellite. Environmental Research Satellites were especially designed for piggyback launching from large primary mission vehicles. |
 | Alouette Canadian earth magnetosphere satellite. Ionospheric research. Science satellite, Canada. Launched 1962 - 1965. |
 | Starfish American earth magnetosphere satellite. Satellite collected artificial radiation data (resulting from atmospheric and exoatmospheric nuclear explosions). |
| RADOSE American earth magnetosphere satellite. One launch, 1963.06.15. Radiation dosimeter measurements. |
 | GRS American earth magnetosphere satellite. Space gas data. Science, geophysics satellite for US Air Force Cambridge Research Lab (AFCRL), USA. Launched 1963. |
 | APL satellite American earth magnetosphere satellite. 3 launches, 1963.09.28 (APL SN 39) to 1964.12.13 (APL SN 43). Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory built several satellites for the Air Force in the 1960's. |
 | IMP American earth magnetosphere satellite. Research, Magnetosphere satellite built by NASA, Goddard Space Flight Center for NASA, USA. Launched 1963 - 1965. |
 | Elektron-A Russian earth magnetosphere satellite. The Elektron mission was one of the earliest Soviet satellites to be authorized following the initial Sputnik series. Magnetospheric research satellite, Russia. Launched 1964. |
 | Elektron-B Russian earth magnetosphere satellite. The Elektron mission was one of the earliest Soviet satellites to be authorized following the initial Sputnik series. Magnetospheric research satellite, Russia. Launched 1964. |
 | BE American earth magnetosphere satellite. Explorer (20). Also known as Explorer S-66. |
| Starflash American earth magnetosphere satellite. Sub-satellite of unknown purpose, released from KH-5 photo reconnaissance satellites on two missions. |
 | ESRS American earth magnetosphere satellite. Environmental Sciences Research Satellite. Science, magnetosphere satellite for US Air Force Cambridge Research Lab (AFCRL), USA. Launched 1964. |
 | OGO American earth magnetosphere satellite. Research satellite built by TRW for NASA, USA. Launched 1964 - 1969. Used 3-axis stabilized box-shaped satellite bus. |
 | OV1 American earth magnetosphere satellite. Experimental satellite built by Convair for USAF, USA. Launched 1965 - 1969. |
 | OV2 American earth magnetosphere satellite. OV2 satellites were built for the USAF Office of Aerospace Research, and flew as secondary payloads on Titan IIIC test flights. Experimental satellite built by Northrop Systems Laboratories for USAF, USA. Launched 1965 - 1968. |
 | OV3 American earth magnetosphere satellite. The OV3 GUS General Utility Satellite were built for the Air Force as part of the OV3 satellite series. Experimental satellite built by Aerojet (#1 - 4); AFCRL (#5 - 6) for USAF, USA. Launched 1966 - 1967. |
 | DS-U2-D Ukrainian earth magnetosphere satellite. Studied charged particle flows. Science satellite built by Yuzhnoye, Russia. Launched 1966 - 1968. Used DS Bus. |
 | OV5 American earth magnetosphere satellite. OV5 was a version of the USAF Environmental Research Satellites dedicated to radiation research and VLF plasma wave detection. Experimental satellite built by TRW Systems Group (#1 - 5, 8); AFRCL (#6, 7); Northrop (#9) for USAF, USA. Launched 1967 - 1969. |
 | Aurora American earth magnetosphere satellite. Investigated aurora borealis. Research satellite built by Rice University for Rice University for USAF STP (Space Test Program), USA. Launched 1967. |
 | DS-U1-Ya Ukrainian earth magnetosphere satellite. Studied charged particle flows and cosmic rays. Astronomy, Magnetosphere satellite built by Yuzhnoye, Russia. Launched 1968. Used DS Bus. |
 | Nauka Russian earth magnetosphere satellite. The Nauka containers were flown as piggy-back payloads aboard Zenit reconnaissance satellites. They served a dual purpose. |
 | HEOS European earth magnetosphere satellite. Highly Eccentric Orbiting Satellite; examined magnetic fields outside of Earth's magnetosphere. Research satellite built by Junkers Flugzeug- und Motorenwerke GmbH (prime) for ESRO, Europe. Launched 1968 - 1972. |
 | DS-U2-GK Ukrainian earth magnetosphere satellite. Conducted complex geophysical studies of the upper atmosphere. Air density, auroral investigations. Astronomy, Magnetosphere satellite built by Yuzhnoye, Russia. Launched 1968 - 1970. Used DS Bus. |
 | Isis Canadian earth magnetosphere satellite. Ionospheric measurements; data correlated with measurements from Alouette 1. Science satellite built by CA Victor Co., Montreal for CSA, Canada. Launched 1969 - 1971. |
 | DS-U3-IK Ukrainian earth magnetosphere satellite. Measurements of the sun; used for Interkosmos launches. |
 | AZUR German earth magnetosphere satellite. German Research Satellite A; examined Van Allen belts, solar particles, aurora. Research, ionosphere satellite built by Gesellschaft fnr Weltraumforschung mbH for BMWF, NASA, Germany. Launched 1969. |
 | DS-U2-MG Ukrainian earth magnetosphere satellite. Studied the Earth's magnetic poles. Astronomy, Magnetosphere satellite built by Yuzhnoye, Russia. Launched 1970. Used DS Bus. |
 | SS Japanese earth magnetosphere satellite. Scientific observations in outer space. Research satellite operated by ISAS, Japan. Launched 1970 - 1971. |
 | DS-U2-K Ukrainian earth magnetosphere satellite. Cosmos 426. Studied charged particle flows and cosmic radiation. Astronomy, Magnetosphere satellite built by Yuzhnoye, Russia. Launched 1971. Used DS Bus. |
 | SSS American earth magnetosphere satellite. Explorer 45. Studies magnetosphere, energetic particles. Research, Magntosphere satellite operated by NASA, USA. Launched 1971. |
 | DS-U2-GKA Soviet-French earth magnetosphere satellite. Upper atmosphere, auroral studies. Investigation of physical phenomena in the Earth's upper atmosphere at high latitudes and study of the nature of auroras. |
 | Energia satellite Russian earth magnetosphere satellite. Adaptation of recoverable Vostok spacecraft for investigation of primary cosmic radiation and meteoritic particles in near-earth outer space. Cosmic radiation satellite built by TsSKB, Russia. Launched 1972 - 1978. Used Zenit Bus. |
 | Prognoz Russian earth magnetosphere satellite. This spacecraft, built by Lavochkin, was for study of geomagnetic fields, radiation, and solar physics. Science, magnetosphere satellite built by Lavochkin, Russia. Launched 1972 - 1973. |
 | AEROS German earth magnetosphere satellite. Spacecraft engaged in research and exploration of the upper atmosphere or outer space. Research satellite built by Dornier for Bundesministerium fnr Bildung und Wissenschaft, NASA, Germany. Launched 1972 - 1974. |
 | ESA-Geos European earth magnetosphere satellite. Magnetospheric research. European Space Agency satellite. Research satellite built by British Aircraft Corp. for ESA, Europe. Launched 1977 - 1978. |
 | ISEE American earth magnetosphere satellite. These Explorer-class heliocentric spacecraft were part of the mother/daughter/heliocentric mission (ISEE 1, 2, and 3). Research satellite operated by NASA / ESA, USA. Launched 1977. |
 | CAMEO American earth magnetosphere satellite. Released barium cloud. Research satellite for NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, USA. Launched 1978. |
 | Magion Czech earth magnetosphere satellite. The Czechoslovak satellite MAGION researched the magnetosphere and ionosphere of the earth. Science, magnetosphere satellite, Czechoslovakia. Launched 1978. |
 | Solwind American earth magnetosphere satellite. Ionosphere and magnetosphere studies; destroyed 9/13/85 (while still functioning) as part of ASAT test. Experimental satellite built by Ball Aerospace for USAF STP (Space Test Program), USA. Launched 1979. |
 | Magsat American earth magnetosphere satellite. Measured near-Earth magnetic field and crustal anomalies. Research satellite built by Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory (APL) for NASA, USGS, USA. Launched 1979. |
 | Dynamics Explorer American earth magnetosphere satellite. Spacecraft engaged in research and exploration of the upper atmosphere or outer space. |
 | IK-B-1300 Ukrainian earth magnetosphere satellite. Intercosmos 22. Intercosmos-Bulgaria 1300. Comprehensive investigation of physical processes in the earth's ionosphere and magnetosphere. |
| Astrozond Russian earth magnetosphere satellite. |
 | Efir Russian earth magnetosphere satellite. Science. Adaptation of the Vostok spacecraft. Cosmic radiation satellite built by TsSKB, Russia. Launched 1984 - 1985. Used Zenit Bus. |
 | AMPTE American earth magnetosphere satellite. Charge Composition Explorer; detected tracer ions released into magnetosphere by IRM. |
 | ERBS American earth magnetosphere satellite. ERBS was part of the NASA's three-satellite Earth Radiation Budget Experiment (ERBE), designed to investigate how energy from the Sun is absorbed and re-emitted by the Earth. Earth Observing satellite built by Ball Aerospace for NASA, USA. Launched 1984. |
 | PDP American earth magnetosphere satellite. Plasma Diagnostics Package; released by STS 51F 8/1/85, retrieved 8/2/85. Technology satellite operated by NASA, USA. Launched 1985. |
 | Viking (Sweden) Swedish earth magnetosphere satellite. Viking. Sweden's first satellite, Viking, was originally initiated as a means of providing experience in satellite system development and management. Built by SAAB (prime), Boeing (bus) for SSC, Sweden. Launched 1986. |
| Polar Bear American earth magnetosphere satellite built by JHU/APL for USAF STP (Space Test Program), USA. Used Transit-Bus. One launch, 1986. Also known as STP P87-1, a military mission designed to study communications interference caused by solar flares and increased auroral activity. |
 | SROSS Indian earth magnetosphere satellite. Technology, science satellite for ISRO, India. Launched 1992-1994. |
 | Pegsat American earth magnetosphere satellite. Chemical release experiment. R&D satellite NASA, Orbital Sciences Corporation (OSC), USA. Launched 1990. |
 | CRRES American earth magnetosphere satellite. Combined Release and Radiation Effects Satellite. Chemical release experiment. Reseach, Magnetosphere satellite built by Ball Aerospace for USAF STP (Space Test Program), NASA, USA. Launched 1990. |
 | SAMPEX American earth magnetosphere satellite. Research, magnetosphere satellite built by NASA Goddard Space Flight Center for NASA, USA. Launched 1992. |
 | Geotail Japanese earth magnetosphere satellite. Measured magnetosphere and Earth's geomagnetic tail; Diffuse Ultraviolet Explorer package bolted to Delta 2 second stage. Magnetosphere satellite ISAS, NASA, Japan. Launched 1992. |
 | Freja Swedish earth magnetosphere satellite. Freja was designed to image the aurora and measure particles and fields in the upper ionosphere and lower magnetosphere. Research, magnetospheric satellite for SSC, Sweden. Launched 1992. |
 | Wind American earth magnetosphere satellite. Wind was designed to provide continuous measurement of the solar wind, particularly charged particles and magnetic field data. Scientific satellite built by Lockheed Martin Astro for NASA, USA. Launched 1994. |
 | Astrid Swedish earth magnetosphere satellite. Sweden's third scientific satellite and first microsatellite. |
 | Prognoz-M Russian earth magnetosphere satellite. Interbol was originally an Intercosmos project with a launch planned for the late 1980's. |
 | Polar American earth magnetosphere satellite. Polar was designed to measure the entry, energization, and transport of plasma into the magnetosphere as part of the International Solar Terrestrial Program (ISTP). Scientific satellite built by Lockheed Martin Astro for NASA, USA. Launched 1996. |
 | Cluster European earth magnetosphere satellite. The Cluster satellites were a series of sophisticated earth-observation platforms that were to be launched aboard the first Ariane 5. Magnetospheric Research satellite built by Dornier (#1 - 4), Astrium (#5 - 8) for ESA, Europe. Launched 1996 - 2000. |
 | FAST American earth magnetosphere satellite. FAST was designed to observe and measure rapidly varying electric and magnetic fields and the flow of electrons and ions above the aurora. Research satellite built by NASA Goddard Space Flight Center for NASA, USA. Launched 1996. |
 | MuSat Argentinian earth magnetosphere satellite. Microsat. MuSat-1 Victor was the first Argentine-built satellite. |
 | FORTE American earth magnetosphere satellite. FORTE - 'Fast On-orbit Recording of Transient Events' - was a US Los Alamos National Laboratory satellite designed to study natural and artificial radio emissions from the ionosphere. Experimental satellite built by Composite Optics Inc. (structure) for USAF STP (Space Test Program), USA. Launched 1997. |
 | Equator-S German earth magnetosphere satellite. German geophysics satellite. Science, magnetosphere satellite built by Max-Planck-Institut fur Extraterrestrische Physik (MPE) for DARA, Germany. Launched 1997. |
 | Astrid-2 Swedish earth magnetosphere satellite. Swedish Space Corporation's second microsatellite (based on Astrid-1) was slated to perform high resolution E-field and B-filed measurements in the Earth's auroral regions. Science satellite for SSC, Sweden. Launched 1995-1998. Used Freja-C bus. |
 | Orsted Danish earth magnetosphere satellite. |
 | CHAMP German earth magnetosphere satellite. CHAMP was a geophysics research satellite operated by GFZ, Potsdam, to study the earth's magnetic and gravitational field. Earth Observation satellite built by Astrium for GFZ, Germany. Launched 2000. Used the Flexbus bus. |
 | Cluster 2 European earth magnetosphere satellite. |
 | Double Star Chinese earth magnetosphere satellite. 2 launches, 2003.12.29 (Tan Ce 1) to 2004.07.25 (Tan Ce 2). Double Star was a joint ESA - China project to supplement ESA's Cluster satellites in characterizing the earth's magnetosphere. |
| USA 185 American earth magnetosphere satellite. One launch, 2005.09.23. Classified research satellite, said to carry instruments to characterize the space environment in a sun-synchronous orbit. |
 | Themis American earth magnetosphere satellite. Research satellite built by Swales Aerospace (Probe) for University of California, Berkeley (for NASA), USA. Launched 2007. |
Projects: Aureole, Elektron, Explorer.
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