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Myriade

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Myriade Credit: ESA

AKA: AstroSat;AstroSat-100;Elisa;Essaim;Parasol;Picard;VNREDSAT. Status: Operational 2004. First Launch: 2004-12-18. Last Launch: 2013-05-07. Number: 15 . Gross mass: 125 kg (275 lb).

The Myriade program was principally designed for scientific, application and technology missions, in response to increasing demand from the scientific community for quicker, cheaper access to space, with the accent on enhanced payload capacity in terms of mass, power, pointing accuracy, telemetry and processing and orbit control propulsion. The program was also envisaged for institutional or export opportunities. The first mission flying this platform was CNES' scientific microsat Demeter, launched in June 2004, followed by the French MoD system for electro-magnetic environment analysis, Essaim.

Demeter French earth seismology satellite. Demeter studied disturbances of the ionosphere due to seismic electromagnetic effects and human activities (power lines, VLF transmitters, HF broadcasting stations). Science, Ionospheic, earth science satellite for CNES, France. Launched 2004. Used the Myriade bus.

Photo Gallery

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Alsat 2A Credit: Manufacturer Image

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Elisa 1 Credit: Manufacturer Image

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Essaim 1 Credit: Manufacturer Image

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FBM Credit: Manufacturer Image

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MERLIN Credit: Manufacturer Image

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MICROSCOPE Credit: Manufacturer Image

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Parasol Credit: Manufacturer Image

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Picard Credit: Manufacturer Image

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Spirale A Credit: Manufacturer Image

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SSOT Credit: Manufacturer Image

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TARANIS Credit: Manufacturer Image

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VNREDSAT-1 Credit: Manufacturer Image

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• Demeter - . Mass: 125 kg (275 lb). Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Class: Earth. Type: Seismology satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Myriade. Spacecraft: Demeter. USAF Sat Cat: 28368 . COSPAR: 2004-025C. Apogee: 723 km (449 mi). Perigee: 695 km (431 mi). Inclination: 98.30 deg. Period: 99.00 min.

  Demeter studied disturbances of the ionosphere due to seismo electromagnetic effects and human activities (power lines, VLF transmitters, HF broadcasting stations). Study of natural electromagnetic emissions in the ULF/ELF/VLF range related to seismic or volcanic activity could be used to predict earthquatkes or eruptions in advance. Demeter tracked these emissions and other space plasma parameters (ion composition, electron density and temperature, energetic particles). The scientific payload consisted of three electric and three magnetic sensors (covering six components of the electromagnetic field from DC to 3.5 MHz); a Langmuir probe; an ion spectrometer; and an energetic particle analyzer. 8 Gbits of onboard memory recorded the data, which was returned to earth as 18 Mb/s high bit rate telemetry in the X band. The two-year mission was handled from a control center in Toulouse.

• Parasol - . Mass: 125 kg (275 lb). Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Manufacturer: EADS Astrium. Class: Surveillance. Type: SIGINT. Spacecraft: Myriade. USAF Sat Cat: 28498 . COSPAR: 2004-049G. Apogee: 673 km (418 mi). Perigee: 659 km (409 mi). Inclination: 98.08 deg. Period: 97.91 min.

  Parasol carried a wide-field imaging radiometer/polarimeter called POLDER (Polarization and Directionality of the Earth's Reflectances), designed in partnership with the LOA atmospheric optics laboratory in Lille (CNRS-USTL). POLDER was designed to improve the knowledge of the radiative and microphysical properties of clouds and aerosols by measuring the directionality and polarization of light reflected by the Earth-atmosphere system.

• Essaim 1 - . Mass: 120 kg (260 lb). Nation: France. Agency: DGA. Manufacturer: EADS Astrium. Class: Surveillance. Type: SIGINT. Spacecraft: Myriade. USAF Sat Cat: 28494 . COSPAR: 2004-049C. Apogee: 673 km (418 mi). Perigee: 663 km (411 mi). Inclination: 98.08 deg. Period: 97.96 min.

  The Essaim demonstrator was a system of several micro-satellites (Essaim means 'swarm' in French) for 'analysis of the electro-magnetic environment of the Earth's surface' (electronic intelligence). DGA, the French Ministry of Defence's procurement agency, developed the project. The system also comprised a ground control segment and a ground station for data processing. It was called a 'demonstrator' since the mission's objective was to assess the operational capability of such a system, paving the way for the next generation. The Essaim satellites were based on EADS Astrium's Myriade multipurpose micro-satellite. In early 2000, the DGA awarded the contract for the development, manufacturing of this turnkey system of micro-satellites and associated ground segment. Under the contract, EADS Astrium was also responsible for personnel training and system operations during the three-year life duration of the programme.

• Essaim 2 - . Mass: 120 kg (260 lb). Nation: France. Agency: DGA. Manufacturer: EADS Astrium. Class: Surveillance. Type: SIGINT. Spacecraft: Myriade. USAF Sat Cat: 28495 . COSPAR: 2004-049D. Apogee: 664 km (412 mi). Perigee: 657 km (408 mi). Inclination: 98.10 deg. Period: 98.00 min.

• Essaim 3 - . Mass: 120 kg (260 lb). Nation: France. Agency: DGA. Manufacturer: EADS Astrium. Class: Surveillance. Type: SIGINT. Spacecraft: Myriade. USAF Sat Cat: 28496 . COSPAR: 2004-049E. Apogee: 667 km (414 mi). Perigee: 654 km (406 mi). Inclination: 98.10 deg. Period: 98.00 min.

• Essaim 4 - . Mass: 120 kg (260 lb). Nation: France. Agency: DGA. Manufacturer: EADS Astrium. Class: Surveillance. Type: SIGINT. Spacecraft: Myriade. USAF Sat Cat: 28497 . COSPAR: 2004-049F. Apogee: 670 km (410 mi). Perigee: 651 km (404 mi). Inclination: 98.10 deg. Period: 98.00 min.

• Spirale A - . Mass: 117 kg (257 lb). Nation: France. Agency: Arianespace. Class: Surveillance. Type: SIGINT. Spacecraft: Myriade. USAF Sat Cat: 33751 . COSPAR: 2009-008C. Apogee: 35,693 km (22,178 mi). Perigee: 631 km (392 mi). Inclination: 1.80 deg. Period: 637.60 min. Demonstrator to prove infrared sensors designed to detect ballistic missile launches and other military targets..

• Spirale B - . Mass: 117 kg (257 lb). Nation: France. Agency: Arianespace. Class: Surveillance. Type: SIGINT. Spacecraft: Myriade. USAF Sat Cat: 33752 . COSPAR: 2009-008D. Apogee: 35,681 km (22,171 mi). Perigee: 641 km (398 mi). Inclination: 1.80 deg. Period: 637.60 min.

• Picard - . Mass: 100 kg (220 lb). Nation: France. Agency: Makeyev bureau. Class: Surveillance. Type: SIGINT. Spacecraft: Myriade. USAF Sat Cat: 36598 . COSPAR: 2010-028A. Apogee: 730 km (450 mi). Perigee: 725 km (450 mi). Inclination: 98.30 deg. Period: 99.30 min. Solar observation payload..

• Alsat 2A - . Mass: 116 kg (255 lb). Nation: Algeria. Agency: ISRO. Program: Alsat. Class: Surveillance. Type: SIGINT. Spacecraft: Myriade. USAF Sat Cat: 36798 . COSPAR: 2010-035D. Apogee: 674 km (418 mi). Perigee: 672 km (417 mi). Inclination: 98.20 deg. Period: 98.20 min. Optical surveillance satellite with 2.5 meter panchromatic resolution and 10 meter in 4 band/multispectral mode..

• Elisa 1 - . Mass: 120 kg (260 lb). Nation: France. Class: Surveillance. Type: SIGINT. Spacecraft: Myriade. USAF Sat Cat: 38008 . COSPAR: 2011-076B. Apogee: 692 km (429 mi). Perigee: 675 km (419 mi). Inclination: 98.20 deg. Period: 98.40 min.

  Quartet of electronic intelligence satellites, which succeed Essaim as France's next space-based SIGINT demonstrator. Like Essaim, Elisa consists of four Myriade microsatellites equipped with electronic intelligence instruments to intercept radar transmissions from space. Elisa was to offer a pre-operational capability until a fully operational space-based intelligence capability would be deployed in 2016.

• Elisa 2 - . Mass: 120 kg (260 lb). Nation: France. Class: Surveillance. Type: SIGINT. Spacecraft: Myriade. USAF Sat Cat: 38009 . COSPAR: 2011-076C. Apogee: 693 km (430 mi). Perigee: 681 km (423 mi). Inclination: 98.20 deg. Period: 98.50 min.

• Elisa 3 - . Mass: 120 kg (260 lb). Nation: France. Class: Surveillance. Type: SIGINT. Spacecraft: Myriade. USAF Sat Cat: 38010 . COSPAR: 2011-076D. Apogee: 693 km (430 mi). Perigee: 674 km (418 mi). Inclination: 98.20 deg. Period: 98.40 min.

• Elisa 4 - . Mass: 120 kg (260 lb). Nation: France. Class: Surveillance. Type: SIGINT. Spacecraft: Myriade. USAF Sat Cat: 38011 . COSPAR: 2011-076E. Apogee: 616 km (382 mi). Perigee: 601 km (373 mi). Inclination: 98.20 deg. Period: 96.90 min.

• Fasat-Charlie - . Mass: 50 kg (110 lb). Nation: Chile. Class: Surveillance. Type: SIGINT. Spacecraft: Myriade. USAF Sat Cat: 38012 . COSPAR: 2011-076F. Apogee: 612 km (380 mi). Perigee: 597 km (370 mi). Inclination: 98.20 deg. Period: 96.80 min. Imaging satellite for the Chilean Air Force..

• VNREDSAT-1 - . Payload: AstroSat-100. Mass: 115 kg (253 lb). Nation: Vietnam. Class: Surveillance. Type: SIGINT. Spacecraft: Myriade. USAF Sat Cat: 39160 . COSPAR: 2013-021B. Apogee: 685 km (425 mi). Perigee: 683 km (424 mi). Inclination: 98.13 deg. Period: 98.43 min. Remote sensing satellite for the Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology..