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Yamal

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Yamal
Credit: USAF Phillips Laboratory

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Status: Operational 1999. First Launch: 1999-09-06. Last Launch: 2014-04-16. Number: 5 . Gross mass: 1,360 kg (2,990 lb).

Due to their compact size and low mass, Yamal spacecraft could be launched two at a time by a Proton booster.

Initial plans were to deploy two vehicles, one at 75 degrees E and one at 19.50 West, in a 1997 launch. This was delayed to 1999, but they were successful and followed by a second pair in 2003. Yamal was the smallest of the proposed post-Soviet geosynchronous spacecraft with a total mass of 1.3-1.4 metric tons, including a payload mass of up to 310 kg. The box-like spacecraft bus carried two solar arrays capable of producing 2.4 kW at the end of the 10-year design life. A single primary dish antenna supported the nine planned C-band transponders. A combination of liquid and ion engines were used for spacecraft attitude and orbit maintenance. The spacecraft as finally flown was equipped with 12 C-band transponders built by Space Systems/Loral and Fakel SPD-70 plasma thrusters for inclination control.

Photo Gallery

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Yamal-101 Credit: NPO PM

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Yamal-100 Credit: NPO PM

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Egyptsat-2 Credit: Manufacturer Image

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Yamal 101 Credit: Manufacturer Image

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Yamal-200 KA-1 Credit: Manufacturer Image

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Yamal-200 KA-2 Credit: Manufacturer Image

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Yamal-300K Credit: Manufacturer Image

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Yamal 302 Credit: Manufacturer Image

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• Yamal 101 - . Mass: 1,360 kg (2,990 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: AO Gazco. Manufacturer: Korolev bureau. Class: Communications. Type: Civilian communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: USP (Victoria). Spacecraft: Yamal. USAF Sat Cat: 25896 . COSPAR: 1999-047A. Apogee: 36,298 km (22,554 mi). Perigee: 35,503 km (22,060 mi). Inclination: 2.40 deg. Period: 1,441.90 min.

  The first two Yamal communications satellites were placed into a 197 km x 36,311 km x 49.3 degree transfer orbit The DM-2M fourth stage made two successful burns, placing the satellites in circular 36,000 km geosynchronous orbits. Yamal 101 reportedly ran into problems after it was deployed. RKK Energia built the new Yamal satellites for AO Gazcom of Moscow, a joint venture of RKKE and RAO Gazprom, the Russian natural gas monopoly. The two satellites will support internal communications for RAO Gazprom. Positioned in geosynchronous orbit at 89 deg E in 1999. As of 30 August 2001 located at 112.86 deg E drifting at 1.484 deg W per day. As of 2007 Mar 10 located at 42.96E drifting at 1.484W degrees per day.

• Yamal 102 - . Mass: 1,360 kg (2,990 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: AO Gazco. Manufacturer: Korolev bureau. Class: Communications. Type: Civilian communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: USP (Victoria). Spacecraft: Yamal. Completed Operations Date: 1999-09-01 . USAF Sat Cat: 25897 . COSPAR: 1999-047B. Apogee: 35,802 km (22,246 mi). Perigee: 35,772 km (22,227 mi). Inclination: 0.00 deg. Period: 1,436.10 min. Geosynchronous communications satellite. Stationed at 90 deg E. As of 5 September 2001 located at 89.85 deg E drifting at 0.005 deg W per day. As of 2007 Mar 10 located at 89.78E drifting at 0.010W degrees per day..

• Yamal-200 KA-1 - . Mass: 1,360 kg (2,990 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: Gazprom. Class: Communications. Type: Civilian communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: USP (Victoria). Spacecraft: Yamal. USAF Sat Cat: 28094 . COSPAR: 2003-053B. Apogee: 35,799 km (22,244 mi). Perigee: 35,776 km (22,230 mi). Inclination: 0.00 deg. Period: 1,436.10 min. Two geosynchronous communications satellites launched for Gazprom. As of 2007 Mar 11 located at 49.00E drifting at 0.012E degrees per day..

• Yamal-200 KA-2 - . Mass: 1,320 kg (2,910 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: Gazprom. Class: Communications. Type: Civilian communications satellite. Spacecraft Bus: USP (Victoria). Spacecraft: Yamal. Decay Date: 2004-09-20 . USAF Sat Cat: 28089 . COSPAR: 2003-053A. Apogee: 35,797 km (22,243 mi). Perigee: 35,777 km (22,230 mi). Inclination: 0.0300 deg. Period: 1,436.13 min. As of 2007 Mar 11 located at 90.00E drifting at 0.016W degrees per day..

• Egyptsat-2 - . Mass: 1,050 kg (2,310 lb). Nation: Egypt. Class: Surveillance. Type: Surveillance satellite. Spacecraft Bus: USP (Victoria). Spacecraft: Yamal. USAF Sat Cat: 39678 . COSPAR: 2014-021A. Apogee: 710 km (440 mi). Perigee: 649 km (403 mi). Inclination: 51.62 deg. Period: 98.34 min. Bult by RKK Energia for Egypt's National Authority for Remote Sensing and Space Science using the 559GK bus; carried a 1-meter resolution imager..