SURCAL American military target satellite. Calibration satellite for NRL, USA. Launched 1962-1965. |
DS-P1 Ukrainian military target satellite. Prototype ABM radar target; supported developmental experiments for ABM systems. Radar calibration satellite built by Yuzhnoye, Russia. Launched 1962 - 1964. |
LAMPO American military target satellite. Radar calibration satellite, USA. Launched 1963. |
DS-P1-Yu Ukrainian military target satellite. Development of systems for air defense and the control of outer space. Radar calibration satellite built by Yuzhnoye, Russia. Launched 1964 - 1976. |
Calsphere American military target satellite. Radar calibration objects (but also cover for other classified subsatellites). Radar calibration satellite for Naval Research Laboratory (NRL), USA. Launched 1962-1967. |
DODECAPOLE American military target satellite. |
LCS American military target satellite. Aluminum sphere used for radar calibration. Radar Calibration satellite built by Rohr Corp. for Lincoln Laboratory, USA. Launched 1965 - 1971. |
Tempsat American military target satellite. Surveillance Calibration; black 14 inch diameter. sphere. |
DS-P1-I Ukrainian military target satellite. Operational radar target for the ABM forces. Radar calibration satellite built by Yuzhnoye, Russia. Launched 1966 - 1977. |
Bluebell American military target satellite. Calibration satellite operated by US Air Force, USA. Launched 1966. |
SOICAL American military target satellite. |
Cannonball American military target satellite. |
Rigidsphere American military target satellite operated by USAF STP (Space Test Program), USA. Launched 1968 - 1971. |
Romb Russian military target satellite. Study 1971. Radar reflective subsatellites, released by Taifun-1, Taifun-2, and Taifun-3 spacecraft, for calibration of PVO air and space defense radars. |
S73-7 Cal Balloon American military target satellite. |
Taifun-1 Ukrainian military target satellite. From 1969 KB Yuzhnoye built the Lira targets for exercise and test of PVO air defense and space tracking systems. Radar calibration satellite built by Yuzhnoye, Russia. Launched 1974 - 1994. |
Taifun-2 Ukrainian military target satellite. In 1969 KB Yuzhnoye introduced targets for exercise and test of PVO air defense and space tracking systems. Radar calibration satellite built by Yuzhnoye, Russia. Launched 1976 - 1995. Used AUOS-3 bus. |
Taifun-1Yu Ukrainian military target satellite. The Taifun-1Yu, a modification of the basic design with smooth calibration surfaces, was to be in service by 1980. Launched 1979 - 1996. |
NUSAT American military target satellite. Air traffic control radar calibration. Technology satellite, USA. Launched 1985. |
Koltso Russian military target satellite. Cosmos 1786. Calibration mission. Tentatively identified as third generation replacement for Taifun-2, perhaps to have been launched by the Tsyklon 3 launch vehicle. Radar calibration satellite built by Yuzhnoye, Russia. Launched 1988 - 1990. |
Taifun-3 Russian military target satellite. Specifications for a third generation Taifun-3 system were developed in 1980 with flight trials to have started in 1984. |
Radcal American military target satellite. Radar calibration. Radar calibration satellite built by DSI for USAF STP (Space Test Program), USA. Launched 1993. |
ODERACS American military target satellite. Orbital Debris Radar Calibration Spheres were small, low-earth orbiting calibration targets for ground based radar and optical systems. The primary objective was to calibrate the Haystack Long Range Imaging Radar and validate the Johnson Space Center's Orbital Debris Analysis System. Radar calibration satellite operated by NASA Goddard, USA. Launched 1992 - 1995. |