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Rhyolite
American military signals intelligence satellite. ELINT satellite built by TRW, E-Systems for USAF, USA. Launched 1970 - 1978.

AKA: Aquacade;Program 472;Program 720. Status: Operational 1970. First Launch: 1970-06-19. Last Launch: 1978-04-07. Number: 4 . Gross mass: 700 kg (1,540 lb).

Rhyolite geostationary signals intelligence satellites were positioned to intercept communications transmissions, especially line-of-sight microwave links, from the Soviet Union and China. For this purpose they were stationed in geosynchronous orbits over Indonesia. Other sources indicate that the primary mission was telemetry interception.

The project became unusually public as it was the key element in the espionage trial of the 'Falcon and the Snowman', Boyce and Lee. Rhyolite was also known as Program 720, Program 472, and Aquacade.

The primary downlink station was named Pine Gap, in isolated Alice Springs, Australia. This was to prevent Soviet or Chinese spies from intercepting the interceptions ... and then being able to determine which of their communications were being listened to. The signal streams received at Pine Gap would be encrypted, then beamed via another geosynchronous satellite to Fort Meade for code breaking and signal and traffic analysis.


More at: Rhyolite.

Family: Medium earth orbit, SIGINT. Country: USA. Launch Vehicles: Atlas, Atlas SLV-3A Agena D. Launch Sites: Cape Canaveral, Cape Canaveral LC13. Agency: USAF. Bibliography: 172, 2, 278, 6, 6823, 13023.

1970 June 19 - . 11:37 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC13. LV Family: Atlas. Launch Vehicle: Atlas SLV-3A Agena D.
1973 March 6 - . 09:30 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC13. LV Family: Atlas. Launch Vehicle: Atlas SLV-3A Agena D.
1977 December 11 - . 22:45 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC13. LV Family: Atlas. Launch Vehicle: Atlas SLV-3A Agena D.
1978 April 7 - . 00:45 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC13. LV Family: Atlas. Launch Vehicle: Atlas SLV-3A Agena D.

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