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LES
LES
LES
Credit: NASA
American communications technology satellite. Experimental communication satellite built by Lincoln Laboratory for Lincoln Laboratory, USAF, USA. Launched 1965.

AKA: Lincoln Experimental Satellite. Status: Operational 1965. First Launch: 1965-02-11. Last Launch: 1976-03-15. Number: 8 . Gross mass: 52 kg (114 lb).

The LES spacecraft were designed and built by MIT's Lincoln Laboratory in Lexington, Massachusetts, as part of the an Air Force-sponsored program to test in orbit new devices and techniques for use in military satellite communication systems.

LES-5, launched July 1, 1967, was designed primarily to aid in the development of a tactical satellite communication (TACSATCOM) system for the Department of Defense. It was used for the first communications by satellite among Army, Navy, and Air Force units, including aircraft in flight, submarines and surface vessels, and a variety of ground terminals. LES-5 was the first communication satellite to operate entirely in the government-allocated UHF-band (225-400 MHz), and it carried the first UHF-band satellite antenna system that generated circularly polarized radio signals to minimize fading and communication dropouts and to allow a surface terminal to use a very small, simple antenna such as a whip or stub monopole. LES-3, a UHF-band radio signal generator launched in December 1965, helped to establish design criteria for LES-5. LES-1, -2, and -4, also launched in 1965, operated at X-band (approximately 8,000 MHz), and successfully tested a number of important new devices and techniques, including the first all-solid-state communication satellite transmitters and the first "electronically despun" (earth-sensing and antenna-beam-switching) system to increase the effective radiated power from the satellite.


More at: LES.

Subtopics

LES 1, 2 Experimental communication satellite built by Lincoln Laboratory for Lincoln Laboratory, USAF, USA. Launched 1965.

LES 3 Experimental communication satellite built by Lincoln Laboratory for Lincoln Laboratory, USAF, USA. Launched 1965.

LES 5 Experimental communication satellite built by Lincoln Laboratory for Lincoln Laboratory, USAF, USA. Launched 1967.

LES 6 Experimental communication satellite built by Lincoln Laboratory for Lincoln Laboratory, USAF, USA. Launched 1968.

LES 8, 9 Communication, experimental satellite built by Lincoln Laboratory for Lincoln Laboratory, USAF, USA. Launched 1976.

LES 7 Experimental communication satellite built by Lincoln Laboratory for Lincoln Laboratory, USAF.

Family: Communications technology sat, Medium earth orbit, Technology. Country: USA. Launch Vehicles: Titan, Titan IIIC, Titan IIIA. Launch Sites: Cape Canaveral, Cape Canaveral LC20, Cape Canaveral LC40, Cape Canaveral LC41. Agency: USAF, Lincoln. Bibliography: 2, 405, 6, 11329, 12759, 12760.
Photo Gallery

LES 1LES 1
Credit: Manufacturer Image


LES 3LES 3
Credit: Manufacturer Image


LES 4LES 4
Credit: Manufacturer Image


LES 5LES 5
Credit: Manufacturer Image


LES 6LES 6
Credit: Manufacturer Image


LES 7LES 7
Credit: Manufacturer Image


LES 8LES 8
Credit: Manufacturer Image



1965 February 11 - . 15:19 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC20. LV Family: Titan. Launch Vehicle: Titan IIIA.
1965 May 6 - . 15:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC20. LV Family: Titan. Launch Vehicle: Titan IIIA.
1965 December 21 - . 14:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC41. LV Family: Titan. Launch Vehicle: Titan IIIC.
1967 July 1 - . 13:15 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC41. LV Family: Titan. Launch Vehicle: Titan IIIC.
1967 July 4 - .
1968 September 26 - . 07:37 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC41. LV Family: Titan. Launch Vehicle: Titan IIIC.
1976 March 15 - . 01:25 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC40. LV Family: Titan. Launch Vehicle: Titan IIIC.

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