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Ionosphere sat
 | S-30 American earth ionosphere satellite. Explorer 8. Ionospheric research. Research, ionospheric satellite built by NASA, Marshall Space Flight Center for NASA, USA. Launched 1960. |
 | IE American earth ionosphere satellite. Explorer 20. Ionospheric research. Research satellite operated by NASA, USA. Launched 1964. |
| Beacon American earth ionosphere satellite. Early technology satellite. None reached orbit. Atmosphere density satellite built by NASA Langley Research Center for US Army, USA. Launched 1958 - 1959. |
 | DME American earth ionosphere satellite. Explorer 31. Explorer 31, the Direct Measurement Explorer, was launched with a Canadian Alouette II on November 28, 1965, on a Thor-Agena rocket from Vandenberg Air Force Base, California. Ionosphere Research satellite built by Applied Physics Laboratory of The Johns Hopkins University (APL) for NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland, USA. Launched 1965. |
 | FRANCE satellite French earth ionosphere satellite. Investigated the properties of the ionized layers of the atmosphere by observation of the propagation of very low frequency waves in the ionosphere. |
 | DS-U1-G Ukrainian earth ionosphere satellite. Studied the relationship between variations in the upper atmosphere and solar activity. Science, upper athmosphere satellite built by Yuzhnoye, Russia. Launched 1966 - 1967. Used DS Bus. |
 | DS-U2-I Ukrainian earth ionosphere satellite. Studied the influence of the ionosphere on passing VLF radio waves. Astronomy, Ionosphere satellite built by Yuzhnoye, Russia. Launched 1966 - 1968. Used DS Bus. |
 | Owl American earth ionosphere satellite. 2 launches, 1967.05.18 (Transit 16) to 1967.09.25 (Transit 17). |
 | DS-U1-A Ukrainian earth ionosphere satellite. Cosmos 215. Studied the optical characteristics of the atmosphere. Radiation observatory; 8 telescopes. Science, upper atmosphere satellite built by Yuzhnoye, Russia. Launched 1968. Used DS Bus. |
 | Orbiscal American earth ionosphere satellite. Investigate effects of ionosphere on radio signals. |
 | DS-U1-IK Ukrainian earth ionosphere satellite. Studies ionosphere of the earth; version used for Intercosmos international launches. |
 | Ionosfernaya Russian earth ionosphere satellite. Ionospheric studies. Used the basic KAUR-1 bus, consisting of a 2. Science, ionosphere satellite built by OKB-10 (NPO Prikladnoi Mekhaniki, NPO PM), Russia. Launched 1969 - 1970. Used KAUR-1 bus. |
 | DS-U2-IK Ukrainian earth ionosphere satellite. Studied charged particle flows and the ionosphere; version used for Intercosmos international launches. |
 | DS-U2-IP Ukrainian earth ionosphere satellite. Cosmos 378. Studied the ionosphere and charged particle flows. Astronomy, Ionosphere satellite built by Yuzhnoye, Russia. Launched 1970. Used DS Bus. |
 | JISS Japanese earth ionosphere satellite. JISS - national name "Ume". Spin-stabilized; Ionospheric Sounder, Radio Noise Receiver, Plasma Measuring Equipment, Ion Mass Spectrometer, and other instruments. |
 | GVM DS-U2-IK Ukrainian earth ionosphere satellite. Cosmos 893. Designation indicates a mass model of the DS-U2-IK (which studied charged particle flows and the ionosphere). However flown after the functional spacecraft's flights were completed. |
 | EXOS Japanese earth ionosphere satellite. Optical investigations of ionosphere. EXOS-C (OHZORA). Research, upper atmosphere, plasma satellite operated by ISAS, Japan. Launched 1978. |
 | REX American earth ionosphere satellite. The REX satellites were designed to study scintillation effects of the Earth's atmosphere on RF transmissions. Experimental satellite built by DSI (#1), CTA (#2) for USAF STP (Space Test Program), USA. Launched 1991 - 1996. Used the GemStar Bus bus. |
 | UARS American earth ionosphere satellite. The Upper Atmospheric Research Satellite was designed to study the physical and chemical processes occurring in the Earth's upper atmosphere (between 15 and 100 km). Earth Observing satellite built by GE Astro Space, Fairchild (Bus) for NASA, USA. Launched 1991. Used the MMS bus. |
 | TERRIERS American earth ionosphere satellite. Atmospheric Research satellite built by AeroAstro for NASA, USA. Launched 1999. Used HETE-Bus, spin stabilized. |
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