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Biryukov, Gennadiy Pavlovich

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Biryukov G P

Born: 1937-01-17.

Official Biorgraphy (unedited Google Translation):Born on January 17, 1937 in the town of Rudnya, Smolensk Region. Father - Biryukov Pavel Grigorievich (1910-1943). Mother - Biryukova (Kosmacheva) Vera Stefanovna (1913-1980). Wife - Biryukova (Bychkovskaya) Galina Valerianovna (born in 1938), a civil engineer. Sons: Biryukov Sergey G. (born in 1966), engineer; Biryukov Andrey Gennadievich (born in 1973), engineer.

Gennady Biryukov’s childhood memories, like many of his peers, are connected with the war. In 1941, the town of Rudnya, where the Biryukov family lived, turned out to be on the main strategic direction of the offensive of the Nazi troops - Moscow. In July, the Germans entered Rudnya, from which after the fights and fires only chimneys remained. Gennady's father, who led a small flour mill before the war, joined the retreating Soviet units, later fought in armored forces and died at the Kursk Bulge.

Gennady, along with his mother and brother, had to spend the entire occupation in the dugout. Part of the 39th army of General Berzarin liberated Rudnya on September 29, 1943 - but they did not find the people who remained there during the occupation: the Germans drove them west. Gennady Biryukov recalls that they managed to reach the Polish border, where they were rescued by the advancing Soviet troops. After checks and "sorting" forced refugees were released. Returning to Rudnya, the Biryukovs received a paternal burial ...

Gennady Biryukov graduated from high school in Rudnya in 1955 with a silver medal and entered the car-building department of the Bryansk Institute of Transport Engineering. After graduating from high school in 1960, a young mechanical engineer was assigned to the Bryansk Road Machinery Plant, where he first encountered a rocket theme: the plant manufactured equipment, including on the orders of the State Special Design Bureau (GSKB) of the USSR Ministry of Construction and Road Engineering. Gennady Biryukov.

Feeling some discomfort from a job not in his specialty, Gennady persuades the director to let him go without waiting for the completion of the three-year working out for young professionals of those years. So Biryukov was at the Riga Carriage Works.

His first significant success was the participation in the creation of the first Soviet diesel train on the instructions of the Ministry of Railways. Then Gennady Pavlovich for the first time found himself in a leadership role - he was entrusted with leading a working team for assembling and testing a body.

In the early 1960s, an intensive renewal of suburban railway transport took place. First of all, the Riga Railway was received by the Moscow Railway, therefore G. Biryukov, who was then working in the testing and commissioning department, spent most of his time on business trips in Moscow. In the capital, he met Galina Bychkovskaya, a graduate of MIIT. Their romantic relationship in December 1963 culminated in the creation of a family. Soon, Gennady Biryukov was hired by the GSKB, which was already familiar to him.

The bureau has been on its history since August 8, 1948. On that day, the Council of Ministers issued Order No. 11059-RS on the creation of the State Special Design Bureau for the purpose of “designing special-purpose machines”. In mind was the development of ground equipment primarily for combat ballistic missiles of the first generation. Milestones in the history of GSKB were the creation of road, construction and airfield machines, transport units and tankers for the first missiles OKB-1 Queen. The circle of GSKB customers expanded when the design offices of M.K. Yangel and V.N. Chelomey.

The Bureau, as a developer of technological equipment, participated in the creation of units and systems for the first B-300 anti-aircraft missile (C-25 system), the first cruise intercontinental missile of the Burya system of the general designer S.?. Lavochkin, S-75 and S-125 anti-aircraft complexes (designers PD Grishin and MG Ollo, respectively), dozens of units of units and systems for missiles on high-boiling R-12, R-14 fuel components, and an intercontinental R-missile 16 chief designer M.K. Yangel and others

An important place in the work of the bureau has always been occupied by the maritime theme: it participated in the work on the first S-2 cruise missile of the coastal defense — the Sopka system (designer A.Ya. Bereznyak); Orlov), the first ballistic missile of submarines D-2 (R-13) Miassky SKB-385 (now the State Rocket Center "Design Bureau named after Academician VP Makeyev") and others. Running a little ahead, we say that its first State Award - Order of the Badge of Honor - Gennady Biryukov received in 1975 for p boats over the complex D-9 (RSM-40) of the same group of "sea" missile.

And then, in 1964, rocket rookie G. Biryukov assumed the post of senior engineer of the department engaged in the creation of mine launchers. The place of his work was the sector to ensure the reliability of the work. From this moment, for the past 40 years, the biography of Gennady Pavlovich is inextricably intertwined with the annals of the native bureau.

In March 1965, GSKB was included in the newly formed Ministry of General Machine-Building of the USSR, and in the near future, the company received the current open name - Design Bureau of Transport Engineering (KBTM).

In the same year, 1965, the sector in which G. Biryukov worked became an independent department. Gennady Pavlovich, who has proved himself to be a high-class specialist, is appointed deputy head of the department — he is headed by one of his sectors engaged in equipment for the Navy. He spends a lot of time on business trips, he happens at almost all naval test sites where new combat complexes are being introduced.

Rich practical experience gained GP. Biryukov at that time, became the basis for writing his PhD thesis, which he successfully defended at MADI in 1973.

In 1979, at the suggestion of the then head of KBTM V.N. Solovyova Gennady Pavlovich heads the design and engineering department. In 1984, in the Military Space Academy named after A.F. Mozhaisky he successfully defended his thesis for the degree of Doctor of Technical Sciences.

With the beginning of major socio-political changes in society in the mid-1980s, one of the most ambitious successes of KBTM coincided - the start of operation of the world's only fully automated ("deserted") space rocket complex Zenit, rightly considered one of the highest scientific and technical achievements of the XX century in the rocket and space field. On April 15, 1985, the launch vehicle Zenit-2 was launched from the launch complex created by KBTM at the Baikonur cosmodrome.

The background to this triumph is as follows. Gennady Biryukov began working at KBTM at the time when the philosophy of rocket engineering itself was changing. Bureau Head V.N. Solovyov acted as an adept of a fundamentally important position that confirmed its relevance: it is impossible to design a modern rocket as an independent aircraft, and then create a launch complex - all this must be done only within a single process.

The established, but already obsolete, ideas of "pure" rocket engineers about a certain secondary nature of the development of launch facilities could be shaken only by a radically new design word. And this weighty word was said ...

Gennady Pavlovich recalls that at one time it took about two years to "campaign" the general designer of Yuzhnoye Design Bureau V.F. Utkin in Dnepropetrovsk, where they designed a middle-class rocket "Zenith". It was necessary to convince the designers to weight the rocket by several hundred kilograms in order to get rid of part of the trusses, pipelines, gearboxes, valves, and other hardware and to delegate the traditional rocket operations on the launch pad.

Thus, for the first time in the history of domestic rocket and space technology, the familiar principle “everything in the name of a rocket” was changed to “everything in the name of the complex”. And the motivation for this was more than serious: Zenith was created at the height of the Cold War, at the time of active promotion by the potential overseas opponent of the Star Wars program. Therefore, on the part of the Soviet Union, the highest “rate of fire” of launch facilities was required.

KBTM successfully solved this problem: the design of the launching table made it possible to launch the Zenith with an interval of just 5 hours (!) - while preparing the next launches of all existing space rockets on the planet takes weeks or even months.

In the launch complex, it was possible to embody a unique system of holding the rocket at the start before the engines were set to a certain amount of thrust. This helped reduce the risk of emergency situations to a minimum, which is confirmed by more than 30 successful launches. The complete list of unique components and know-how of the complex includes more than a dozen items ...

Specialists from KBTM contributed to the creation of launch complexes, which for many years provided successful launches of the Cosmos-2, Cosmos-3M, Cyclone-2, Cyclone-3 and others.

The events that followed the collapse of the USSR, caused heavy damage to the development of the entire rocket and space industry and each of its areas. Defense orders quickly faded away, and V.N. On the eve of 1992, Solovyov decided to leave the post of director and offered to take the chair of G.P. Biryukov, then deputy director for economics and marketing. Gennady Pavlovich Biryukov assumed the post of general director - general designer of KBTM on December 25, 1991. His candidacy was approved by the conference of the labor collective.

The transition to market relations demanded the search for new methods of work, and cooperation at the international level was chosen as a promising direction by the new leadership of the bureau. Already in 1992, a contract was concluded for carrying out a complex of works on upgrading the Atlas LV launcher at Cape Canaveral with the American company General Dynamics.

In the early 1990s, the idea of ??creating a floating cosmodrome, which had existed since the late 1970s, was revived, when the Central Committee of the Party and the Council of Ministers proposed to KBTM as the head organization to work on the development of the floating launch theme for the Zenit launch vehicle.

The international project with the participation of Russia (RSC Energia, KBTM), the USA (Boeing), Ukraine (Yuzhnoye Design Bureau, YuMZ) and Norway (Kvarner) was named Sea Launch (Sea Launch - " Sea Launch ").

Under the guidance of Gennady Pavlovich and with his direct participation, a full range of work was performed for the floating cosmodrome, from theoretical studies and design developments to the delivery, installation and testing of numerous units and systems of process and launch equipment that ensured failure-free and safety of all operations under conditions full automation of the pre-launch preparation and launching of a rocket from a command ship located at a distance of about 5 nautical miles from the launch howl platform

On March 27, 1999, for the first time in world practice, the Zenit-3SL launch vehicle launched from the unique floating cosmodrome from the equatorial part of the Pacific Ocean. This event was the starting point of a new direction in the international space activity of the KBTM.

To date, already 10 launches of Zenit-3SL have been carried out (one of the latter took place on August 8, 2003, 220 miles from Christmas Island in the Pacific Ocean, when the American telecommunications satellite Ehostar-9 was put into geostationary orbit).

Undoubtedly, the success of sea launches contributes to raising the authority of Russia as a space power and the entry of domestic enterprises into the world market of space goods and services. Suffice to say that at present KBTM has signed a multi-year contract for 71 launches with Sea Launch.

At the turn of the century, significant efforts led by GP. Biryukov KBTM associated with cooperation with the flagship of the Russian rocket and space industry - the Space Center named after M.V. Khrunichev. On May 16, 2000, at the Plesetsk cosmodrome, the first launch of a new Russian Rokot light-class launch vehicle was carried out from the launch complex reconstructed by KBTM.

In the period from 1997 to 2000 under the leadership of G.P. Biryukova performed design work. Dozens of the largest Russian plants and design bureaus, which created the most complex starting, technological units and systems, are involved in the project implementation, construction and installation works and all necessary types of tests at the facility have been carried out. The new Rokot RSC is the calling card of the Russian cosmonautics, it opens up great opportunities in the field of international commercial cooperation in launching spacecraft from the Russian Plesetsk cosmodrome.

Another new word in the field of rocket and space technology was the proposal of KBTM to switch to universal launch complexes (USK) for launching space rockets of various classes. Gennady Pavlovich thinks: "We don’t demand anything special from missilemen. We ask only one thing - to make the missile’s tails the same, and then we will completely solve the problem of universality. This is a big and very interesting work ..."

Currently KBTM under the leadership of G.P. Biryukova completes the design and preparation of production for the creation of universal technical and launch complexes for the preparation and launch of the Angara family of launch vehicles of light, medium and heavy classes with a payload of 2 to 28 tons. The implementation of this project will allow Russia to significantly expand the possibilities of independent access to space from its territory.

In the future, KBTM has new horizons of cooperation at the international level. Interested in partnership with the bureau are South Korea, which is planning to build its own cosmodrome, Ukraine (Yuzhnoye Design Bureau), offering KBTM to participate in the creation of the launch complex for the Cyclone-4 rocket, the joint Australian-Brazilian enterprise Orion. cosmodrome Alcantara).

Today, KBTM is the leading enterprise in Russia for the creation and supervision of the operation of technical and launch complexes of launch vehicles Kosmos, Tsiklon, Zenit, Rokot and Angara for launches from the Plesetsk and Baikonur cosmodromes in all systems ground support of existing sea-based intercontinental ballistic missiles.

As the general director - the general designer of the orders of the October Revolution and the Red Banner of Labor KBTM GP. Biryukov pays maximum attention to protecting the interests of the enterprise and the members of its work collective. In the bureau from year to year wages grow, payment of benefits to labor veterans, retiring, and other social benefits.

Since 1973, G.P. Biryukov is engaged in scientific and educational activities in the specialty "Launch and technical complexes of rockets and spacecraft." Now he is heading a branch of the specialized department of MGADI (TU) at KBTM, and also heads the department "Starting complexes" at MATI-RGTU. Gennady Pavlovich made a significant contribution to the training of more than 2,000 specialists for the enterprises of the rocket and space industry. He is a member of the Presidium of the NTS of Rosaviakosmos, Chairman of the NTS of the KBTM, a member of the specialized councils for the defense of dissertations at MATI-RGTU, MGADI (TU) and KBOM. Under his leadership, 2 doctors and 6 candidates of technical sciences successfully prepared and defended dissertations.

Gennady Pavlovich - author and co-author of more than 230 scientific, educational, design and engineering works, including 8 teaching aids for technical colleges, 47 scientific articles, 32 inventions, more than 100 draft designs and technical proposals for launch and technical complexes, 9 industry and 1 state standard.

G.P. Biryukov - Honored Machine Builder of the Russian Federation, doctor of technical sciences, doctor of philosophy, professor, honorary doctor of MATI-RSTU named after K.E. Tsiolkovsky, full member of the Russian Academy of Cosmonautics named after K.E. Tsiolkovsky, International Academy of Informatization and the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics.

He was awarded the Order of the Labor Red Banner, "Badge of Honor", "For Services to the Fatherland" IV degree, medals and other insignia. He was awarded a diploma and a medal "2000 outstanding scientists of the XX century" (International Biographical Center, Cambridge, UK), a diploma and a medal "For contribution to the development of achievements in the XX century." Cavalier of the SIPI Gold Medal (France, 2001) for achievements in the field of strategic management, Orders of Dignity and Honor (International Monarchist Court), Revival and For the Great, United and Indivisible Russia, III Class ).

Lives and works in Moscow.

• Birth of Gennadiy Pavlovich Biryukov. - . Related Persons: Biryukov.

  Russian engineer. From 1992-2004 General Director and Chef Designer of KB TM Developed launch equipment and complexes for a range of missiles and launch vehicles, including the R-36 heavy ICBM, Zenit space launcher. After the Cold War advised the United States and South Korea on using the quick-launch designs developed for the Zenit and Angara.