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Model: R-7 8K71-1. Gross Mass: 95,300 kg (210,100 lb). Empty Mass: 7,500 kg (16,500 lb). Thrust (vac): 912.000 kN (205,025 lbf). Isp: 308 sec. Burn time: 330 sec. Propellants: Lox/Kerosene. Isp(sl): 241 sec. Diameter: 2.99 m (9.80 ft). Span: 2.99 m (9.80 ft). Length: 28.00 m (91.00 ft). Country: Russia. No Engines: 1. Motor: RD-108-8D75. Status: Retired 1961. Cost $ : 13.000 million. First Flight: 1951. Last Flight: 1961. No Launched: 52.

Model: Sputnik 8K71PS-1. Gross Mass: 94,000 kg (207,000 lb). Empty Mass: 7,495 kg (16,523 lb). Thrust (vac): 912.000 kN (205,025 lbf). Isp: 308 sec. Burn time: 310 sec. Propellants: Lox/Kerosene. Isp(sl): 241 sec. Diameter: 2.99 m (9.80 ft). Span: 2.99 m (9.80 ft). Length: 28.00 m (91.00 ft). Country: Russia. No Engines: 1. Motor: RD-108-8D75PS. Status: Retired 1957. Cost $ : 13.000 million. First Flight: 1957. Last Flight: 1957. No Launched: 2.

Model: Sputnik 8A91-1. Gross Mass: 95,000 kg (209,000 lb). Empty Mass: 7,100 kg (15,600 lb). Thrust (vac): 804.000 kN (180,746 lbf). Isp: 315 sec. Burn time: 360 sec. Propellants: Lox/Kerosene. Isp(sl): 246 sec. Diameter: 2.99 m (9.80 ft). Span: 2.99 m (9.80 ft). Length: 28.00 m (91.00 ft). Country: Russia. No Engines: 1. Motor: RD-108-8D77. Status: Out of Production. Cost $ : 13.000 million.

Model: Luna 8K72-1. Gross Mass: 95,300 kg (210,100 lb). Empty Mass: 6,900 kg (15,200 lb). Thrust (vac): 936.500 kN (210,534 lbf). Isp: 315 sec. Burn time: 320 sec. Propellants: Lox/Kerosene. Isp(sl): 246 sec. Diameter: 2.60 m (8.50 ft). Span: 2.99 m (9.80 ft). Length: 28.00 m (91.00 ft). Country: Russia. No Engines: 1. Motor: RD-108-8D75-1958. Status: Retired 1960. Cost $ : 13.000 million. First Flight: 1958. Last Flight: 1960. No Launched: 12. No Failed: 1.

Model: Vostok 8K72-1. Gross Mass: 100,400 kg (221,300 lb). Empty Mass: 6,800 kg (14,900 lb). Thrust (vac): 912.000 kN (205,025 lbf). Isp: 315 sec. Burn time: 310 sec. Propellants: Lox/Kerosene. Isp(sl): 246 sec. Diameter: 2.99 m (9.80 ft). Span: 2.99 m (9.80 ft). Length: 28.00 m (91.00 ft). Country: Russia. No Engines: 1. Motor: RD-108-8D75. Status: Retired 1960. Cost $ : 13.000 million. First Flight: 1956. Last Flight: 1960. No Launched: 6.

Model: Vostok 8K72K-1. Gross Mass: 100,400 kg (221,300 lb). Empty Mass: 6,800 kg (14,900 lb). Thrust (vac): 912.000 kN (205,025 lbf). Isp: 315 sec. Burn time: 301 sec. Propellants: Lox/Kerosene. Isp(sl): 248 sec. Diameter: 2.99 m (9.80 ft). Span: 2.99 m (9.80 ft). Length: 28.00 m (91.00 ft). Country: Russia. No Engines: 1. Motor: RD-108-8D75-1959. Status: Retired 1964. Cost $ : 13.000 million. First Flight: 1960. Last Flight: 1964. No Launched: 17.

Model: R-7A 8K74-1. Gross Mass: 101,700 kg (224,200 lb). Empty Mass: 7,300 kg (16,000 lb). Thrust (vac): 940.400 kN (211,410 lbf). Isp: 315 sec. Burn time: 325 sec. Propellants: Lox/Kerosene. Isp(sl): 248 sec. Diameter: 2.99 m (9.80 ft). Span: 2.99 m (9.80 ft). Length: 28.00 m (91.00 ft). Country: Russia. No Engines: 1. Motor: RD-108-8D75K. Status: Retired 1967. Cost $ : 13.000 million. First Flight: 1957. Last Flight: 1967. No Launched: 61.

Model: Molniya 8K78-1. Gross Mass: 100,500 kg (221,500 lb). Empty Mass: 6,800 kg (14,900 lb). Thrust (vac): 941.000 kN (211,545 lbf). Isp: 315 sec. Burn time: 301 sec. Propellants: Lox/Kerosene. Isp(sl): 248 sec. Diameter: 2.99 m (9.80 ft). Span: 2.60 m (8.50 ft). Length: 28.00 m (91.00 ft). Country: Russia. No Engines: 1. Motor: RD-108-8D75K. Status: Retired 1965. Cost $ : 13.000 million. First Flight: 1963. Last Flight: 1965. No Launched: 4.

Model: Molniya 8K78M-1. Gross Mass: 100,600 kg (221,700 lb). Empty Mass: 6,798 kg (14,987 lb). Thrust (vac): 976.700 kN (219,571 lbf). Isp: 315 sec. Burn time: 291 sec. Propellants: Lox/Kerosene. Isp(sl): 248 sec. Diameter: 2.99 m (9.80 ft). Span: 2.60 m (8.50 ft). Length: 28.00 m (91.00 ft). Country: Russia. No Engines: 1. Motor: RD-108-8D727. Status: Active. Cost $ : 13.000 million. First Flight: 1964. Last Flight: 2007. No Launched: 1067. No Failed: 2.

Model: Vostok 8A92-1. Gross Mass: 100,400 kg (221,300 lb). Empty Mass: 6,800 kg (14,900 lb). Thrust (vac): 940.400 kN (211,410 lbf). Isp: 315 sec. Burn time: 301 sec. Propellants: Lox/Kerosene. Isp(sl): 248 sec. Diameter: 2.99 m (9.80 ft). Span: 2.99 m (9.80 ft). Length: 28.00 m (91.00 ft). Country: Russia. No Engines: 1. Motor: RD-108-8D75K. Status: Retired 1967. Cost $ : 13.000 million. First Flight: 1962. Last Flight: 1967. No Launched: 46. No Failed: 1.

Model: Vostok 8A92M-1. Gross Mass: 101,000 kg (222,000 lb). Empty Mass: 6,500 kg (14,300 lb). Thrust (vac): 940.400 kN (211,410 lbf). Isp: 315 sec. Burn time: 305 sec. Propellants: Lox/Kerosene. Isp(sl): 248 sec. Diameter: 2.99 m (9.80 ft). Span: 2.99 m (9.80 ft). Length: 28.00 m (91.00 ft). Country: Russia. No Engines: 1. Motor: RD-108-8D75K. Status: Retired 1991. Cost $ : 13.000 million. First Flight: 1964. Last Flight: 1991. No Launched: 95.

Model: Voskhod 11A57-1. Gross Mass: 100,500 kg (221,500 lb). Empty Mass: 6,800 kg (14,900 lb). Thrust (vac): 941.000 kN (211,545 lbf). Isp: 315 sec. Burn time: 301 sec. Propellants: Lox/Kerosene. Isp(sl): 248 sec. Diameter: 2.99 m (9.80 ft). Span: 2.60 m (8.50 ft). Length: 28.00 m (91.00 ft). Country: Russia. No Engines: 1. Motor: RD-108-8D75K. Status: Retired 1976. Cost $ : 13.000 million. First Flight: 1962. Last Flight: 1976. No Launched: 339.

Model: Soyuz 11A511-1. Gross Mass: 100,500 kg (221,500 lb). Empty Mass: 6,500 kg (14,300 lb). Thrust (vac): 977.700 kN (219,796 lbf). Isp: 315 sec. Burn time: 292 sec. Propellants: Lox/Kerosene. Isp(sl): 252 sec. Diameter: 2.95 m (9.67 ft). Span: 2.95 m (9.67 ft). Length: 27.80 m (91.20 ft). Country: Russia. No Engines: 1. Motor: RD-108-11D512. Status: Retired 1975. Cost $ : 13.000 million. First Flight: 1962. Last Flight: 1975. No Launched: 36. Other designations: 11S59 Block D.

Model: Soyuz 11A511U-1. Gross Mass: 105,400 kg (232,300 lb). Empty Mass: 6,875 kg (15,156 lb). Thrust (vac): 997.091 kN (224,155 lbf). Isp: 311 sec. Burn time: 286 sec. Propellants: Lox/Kerosene. Isp(sl): 245 sec. Diameter: 2.95 m (9.67 ft). Span: 2.95 m (9.67 ft). Length: 27.80 m (91.20 ft). Country: Russia. No Engines: 1. Motor: RD-108-11D512. Status: Design 2000. Cost $ : 13.000 million. First Flight: 2003. Last Flight: 2007. No Launched: 28.

Current version. Gross mass includes 2600 kg of hydrogen peroxide and 520 kg of liquid nitrogen expended during ascent but not contributing to propulsion.

Model: Soyuz 11A511U2-1. Gross Mass: 101,160 kg (223,010 lb). Empty Mass: 6,500 kg (14,300 lb). Thrust (vac): 1,011.000 kN (227,281 lbf). Isp: 319 sec. Burn time: 286 sec. Propellants: Lox/Kerosene. Isp(sl): 252 sec. Diameter: 2.95 m (9.67 ft). Span: 2.95 m (9.67 ft). Length: 27.80 m (91.20 ft). Country: Russia. No Engines: 1. Motor: RD-108-11D512P. Status: Retired 1996. Cost $ : 13.000 million. First Flight: 1975. Last Flight: 1996. No Launched: 104.

Model: Soyuz M-1. Gross Mass: 100,500 kg (221,500 lb). Empty Mass: 6,000 kg (13,200 lb). Thrust (vac): 872.000 kN (196,033 lbf). Isp: 336 sec. Burn time: 310 sec. Propellants: Lox/Kerosene. Isp(sl): 298 sec. Diameter: 2.95 m (9.67 ft). Span: 2.95 m (9.67 ft). Length: 28.00 m (91.00 ft). Country: Russia. No Engines: 1. Motor: RD-120K. Status: Development ended 2000. Last Flight: 0. No Launched: 0.

Proposed improved version. Not developed.

Model: Soyuz ST-1. Gross Mass: 105,400 kg (232,300 lb). Empty Mass: 6,875 kg (15,156 lb). Thrust (vac): 999.601 kN (224,719 lbf). Isp: 311 sec. Burn time: 286 sec. Propellants: Lox/Kerosene. Isp(sl): 245 sec. Diameter: 2.95 m (9.67 ft). Span: 2.95 m (9.67 ft). Length: 27.80 m (91.20 ft). Country: Russia. No Engines: 1. Motor: RD-118. Status: In production. First Flight: 2001. Last Flight: 2007. No Launched: 33.

Gross mass includes 2600 kg of hydrogen peroxide and 520 kg of liquid nitrogen expended during ascent but not contributing to propulsion.

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© Mark Wade, 1997 - 2008 except where otherwise noted.