Tonopah Credit - © Mark Wade

Sounding rocket and test vehicle launch site. Conducted launches in support of US nuclear weapons development programs. Known to have been used for 93 launches from 1957 to 1986, reaching up to 270 kilometers altitude.

• HAD4 - Latitude: 37.7500 deg. Longitude: -116.7500 deg. Used by: Tomahawk Sandia. First Launch: 1967-12-06. Last Launch: 1972-06-02. Number Launches: 3. HAD Launcher No. 4

• UL3 - Latitude: 37.7965 deg. Longitude: -116.7795 deg. Used by: Malemute. First Launch: 1976-07-22. Last Launch: 1976-07-24. Number Launches: 2. Universal Launcher No. 3

1957 - Launch Vehicle: Doorknob. LV Model: Doorknob 2 . Doorknob-2 Test mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 84 km (52 mi).

1957 April 1 - Launch Vehicle: Doorknob. LV Model: Doorknob 2 . Doorknob-2 Test 17 (last research and development) mission Agency: Sandia.

1957 June 1 - Launch Vehicle: Asp. Plumbob test Agency: LRL. Apogee: 30 km (18 mi).

1957 July 27 - Launch Vehicle: Doorknob. LV Model: Doorknob 1 . Doorknob-1 Test mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 24 km (14 mi).

1958 November 19 - 20:32 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Deacon. RW-104 Aeronomy mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 78 km (48 mi).

1958 November 20 - 02:25 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Deacon. RW-105 Aeronomy mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 76 km (47 mi).

1958 November 20 - 08:18 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Deacon. RW-106 Aeronomy mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 83 km (51 mi).

1958 November 20 - 14:10 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Deacon. RW-107 Aeronomy mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 84 km (52 mi).

1958 December 15 - 21:37 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Deacon. RW-108 Aeronomy mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 80 km (49 mi).

1958 December 16 - 03:25 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Deacon. RW-109 Aeronomy mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 83 km (51 mi).

1958 December 16 - 08:49 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Deacon. RW-110 Aeronomy mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 83 km (51 mi).

1958 December 16 - 14:47 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Deacon. RW-111 Aeronomy mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 84 km (52 mi).

1959 - Launch Vehicle: Asp. Cleansweep I test Agency: LRL. Apogee: 30 km (18 mi).

1959 January 27 - 20:35 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Deacon. RW-112 Aeronomy mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 83 km (51 mi).

1959 January 28 - 07:28 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Deacon. RW-114 Aeronomy mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 82 km (50 mi).

1959 January 31 - Launch Vehicle: Doorknob. LV Model: Doorknob 1 . Doorknob-1 Aeronomy mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 24 km (14 mi).

1959 March 12 - 18:45 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Deacon. RW-118 Aeronomy mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 85 km (52 mi).

1959 March 13 - 00:38 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Deacon. RW-119 Aeronomy mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 84 km (52 mi).

1959 March 13 - 07:30 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Deacon. RW-120 Aeronomy mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 69 km (42 mi).

1959 March 13 - 12:30 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Deacon. RW-121 Aeronomy mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 83 km (51 mi).

1959 April 16 - 11:09 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Deacon. RW-122 Aeronomy mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 66 km (41 mi).

1959 April 16 - 17:00 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Deacon. RW-123 Aeronomy mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 79 km (49 mi).

1959 April 16 - 23:10 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Deacon. RW-124 Aeronomy mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 83 km (51 mi).

1959 April 17 - 05:00 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Deacon. RW-125 Aeronomy mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 82 km (50 mi).

1959 May 5 - 08:55 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Deacon. RW-126 Aeronomy mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 81 km (50 mi).

1959 May 5 - 23:20 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Deacon. RW-127 Aeronomy mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 82 km (50 mi).

1959 June 17 - 17:00 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Deacon. RW-128 Aeronomy mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 81 km (50 mi).

1959 June 18 - 01:00 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Deacon. RW-129 Aeronomy mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 81 km (50 mi).

1959 June 18 - 07:32 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Deacon. RW-130 Aeronomy mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 80 km (49 mi).

1959 June 18 - 13:00 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Deacon. RW-131 Aeronomy mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 82 km (50 mi).

1959 July 14 - 21:00 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Deacon. RW-132 Aeronomy mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 76 km (47 mi).

1959 July 15 - 09:15 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Deacon. RW-134 Aeronomy mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 81 km (50 mi).

1959 July 15 - 15:13 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Deacon. RW-135 Aeronomy mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 83 km (51 mi).

1959 July 15 - 15:34 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Deacon. RW-133 Aeronomy mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 78 km (48 mi).

1959 August 26 - 13:58 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Deacon. RW-137 Aeronomy mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 81 km (50 mi).

1959 August 26 - 19:35 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Deacon. RW-138 Aeronomy mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 79 km (49 mi).

1959 August 27 - 02:00 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Deacon. RW-139 Aeronomy mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 80 km (49 mi).

1959 August 27 - 06:42 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Deacon. RW-140 Aeronomy mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 80 km (49 mi).

1959 September 26 - 07:00 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Deacon. RW-141 Aeronomy mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 72 km (44 mi).

1959 September 26 - 13:00 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Deacon. RW-143 Aeronomy mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 77 km (47 mi).

1959 September 26 - 20:45 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Deacon. RW-144 Aeronomy mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 71 km (44 mi).

1959 November 4 - 01:23 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Deacon. RW-146 Aeronomy mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 78 km (48 mi).

1959 November 5 - 01:10 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Deacon. RW-147 Aeronomy mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 84 km (52 mi).

1959 November 6 - 01:13 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Deacon. RW-148 Aeronomy mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 83 km (51 mi).

1961 January 1 - Launch Vehicle: Cajun. Test mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1963 January 23 - Launch Vehicle: Deacon. Tracking Flare test Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 90 km (55 mi).

1963 January 23 - Launch Vehicle: Deacon. Tracking Flare test Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 90 km (55 mi).

1963 June 12 - Launch Vehicle: Tomahawk Sandia. Tomahawk Sandia 152-1 Seagull (IQSY) test Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 105 km (65 mi). Seagull (IQSY). Technology test of NASA version.

1963 October 29 - Launch Vehicle: Hopi. Hopi Dart F13 Aeronomy mission Agency: NASA MSFC. Apogee: 90 km (55 mi).

1963 October 29 - Launch Vehicle: Hopi. Hopi Dart F12 Aeronomy mission Agency: NASA MSFC. Apogee: 90 km (55 mi).

1963 October 29 - Launch Vehicle: Hopi. Hopi Dart F14 Aeronomy mission Agency: NASA MSFC. Apogee: 90 km (55 mi).

1964 March 10 - Launch Vehicle: Tomahawk Sandia. Tomahawk Sandia 152-5 Tomahawk-Dart 7" Test / aeronomy mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 105 km (65 mi).

1964 August 25 - 00:30 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Tomahawk Sandia. Terrier Tomahawk Sandia 152-68 TT-12 no igniter test Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 30 km (18 mi).

1964 October 20 - Launch Vehicle: Tomahawk Sandia. Tomahawk Sandia 152-69 FAILURE: Failure. Ballistic Test / aeronomy mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 0 km ( mi).

1965 January 20 - Launch Vehicle: Tomahawk Sandia. Tomahawk Sandia 152-14 Magnus Stovepipe Test / aeronomy mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 106 km (65 mi).

1965 February 2 - Launch Vehicle: Tomahawk Sandia. Tomahawk Sandia 152-17 Magnus Test / aeronomy mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 106 km (65 mi).

1965 February 3 - Launch Vehicle: Tomahawk Sandia. Tomahawk Sandia 152-47 Magnus Test / aeronomy mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 106 km (65 mi).

1966 April 5 - Launch Vehicle: Tomahawk Sandia. Tomahawk Sandia 152-41 FAILURE: Failure. Despin test Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 0 km ( mi).

1966 April 21 - 02:10 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Apache. Sandia 154-75 Aeronomy mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 160 km (90 mi).

1966 August 10 - Launch Vehicle: Sandhawk. Sandhawk Sandia 281-1 FAILURE: Failure. Test mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 0 km ( mi).

1966 September 15 - Launch Vehicle: Sandhawk. Sandhawk Sandia 281-2 FAILURE: Failure. Test mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 0 km ( mi).

1967 January 17 - Launch Vehicle: Sandhawk. Sandhawk Sandia 281-3 Test / aeronomy mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 188 km (116 mi).

1967 July 27 - Launch Vehicle: Tomahawk Sandia. Tomahawk Sandia 152-96 9" Ballistic Ionosphere mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 99 km (61 mi).

1967 September 7 - 20:34 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Tomahawk Sandia. Nike Tomahawk-12 Sandia 152-88 LRL BOX-8a X-ray astronomy mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 187 km (116 mi).

1968 August 23 - 04:48 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Sandhawk. Sandhawk Sandia 152-? LRL AXE-2 X-ray astronomy mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 187 km (116 mi).

1969 November 18 - 21:32 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Tomahawk Sandia. Nike Tomahawk-12 Sandia 152-135 LRL ACS-5 Solar x-ray mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 174 km (108 mi).

1970 January 13 - 05:32 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Tomahawk Sandia. Nike Tomahawk-12 Sandia 152-137 LRL ROX-3 X-ray astronomy mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 180 km (110 mi).

1973 August 15 - Launch Vehicle: Tater. Test mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 5.00 km (3.10 mi).

1974 - Launch Vehicle: Terrier. Terrier Nike Sandia NRV Parachute test Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 2.00 km (1.20 mi).

1975 February 27 - Launch Vehicle: Recruit. Pedro Recruit FLAME 2 FLAME test Apogee: 17 km (10 mi).

1975 March 27 - Launch Vehicle: Nike. Test mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1975 March 28 - Launch Vehicle: Recruit. Pedro Recruit FLAME 3 FLAME test Apogee: 17 km (10 mi).

1975 April 18 - Launch Vehicle: Recruit. Pedro Recruit FLAME 4 FAILURE: Failure. FLAME test Apogee: 17 km (10 mi).

1975 April 18 - Launch Vehicle: Nike. FAILURE: Failure. Test mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 0 km ( mi).

1975 June 3 - Launch Vehicle: Recruit. Pedro Recruit FLAME 5 FLAME test Apogee: 17 km (10 mi).

1975 June 4 - Launch Vehicle: Recruit. Pedro Recruit FLAME 6 FAILURE: Failure. FLAME test Apogee: 17 km (10 mi).

1975 June 4 - Launch Vehicle: Honest John. Test mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1975 August 27 - Launch Vehicle: Honest John. Test mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1975 September 3 - 10:30 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Tomahawk Sandia. Nike Tomahawk-12 Sandia 152-? LRL ACS-1D X-ray astronomy mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 270 km (160 mi).

1975 September 23 - 10:02 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Tomahawk Sandia. Nike Tomahawk-12 Sandia 152-? LRL ACS-1E X-ray astronomy mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 270 km (160 mi).

1975 October 29 - Launch Vehicle: Nike. Test mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1975 October 31 - Launch Vehicle: Nike. Test mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1976 January 22 - Launch Vehicle: Recruit. Pedro Recruit FLAME 7 FLAME test Apogee: 17 km (10 mi).

1976 January 26 - Launch Vehicle: Recruit. Pedro Recruit FLAME 8 FLAME test Apogee: 17 km (10 mi).

1979 April 19 - Launch Vehicle: Malemute. Malemute Sandia 497-009 Malemute II test Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 165 km (102 mi).

1984 December 1 - Launch Vehicle: Honest John. HJ Sandia Stores parachute 1 test Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 12 km (7 mi).

1985 - Launch Vehicle: Honest John. HJ Sandia Stores parachute 2 test Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 12 km (7 mi).