 | Tamouz
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Orbital launch vehicle. Year: 1989. Family: Scud. Country: Iraq. Status: Out of production. Iraqi space launch vehicle/ICBM based on clustering of Scud tactical missiles. Canadian rocket scientist Gerald Bull was allegedly killed by Israeli agents not for his work on the supergun, but rather for his much more damaging assistance to the Iraqis in doing the dynamic calculations for the Tamouz. Manufacturer: Bull. Launches: 1. Success Rate: 100.00%. First Launch Date: 1989-12-05. Last Launch Date: 1989-12-05. Launch data is: complete. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi). Liftoff Thrust: 406.400 kN (91,362 lbf). Total Mass: 37,695 kg (83,103 lb). Core Diameter: 0.96 m (3.14 ft). Total Length: 18.00 m (59.00 ft). Maximum range: 2,000 km (1,200 mi).
Stage Data - Tamouz - Stage Number: 0. 5 x Stage: R-17. Gross Mass: 5,385 kg (11,871 lb). Empty Mass: 1,645 kg (3,626 lb). Thrust (vac): 93.100 kN (20,930 lbf). Isp: 251 sec. Burn time: 95 sec. Isp(sl): 219 sec. Diameter: 0.96 m (3.14 ft). Span: 1.77 m (5.80 ft). Length: 7.43 m (24.37 ft). Propellants: Nitric acid/Kerosene. No Engines: 1. Engine: Isayev R-17. Other designations: 8K14, SS-1C Scud B, 9K72 Elbrus. Status: Out of production. Developed from Russian storable fuel tactical missile. Original R-11 designed by Korolev OKB, subsequent developments by Makeyev OKB. Using calculations of Gerald Bull, stretched and clustered as basis of Iraqi ICBM/satellite launch vehicle.
- Stage Number: 1. 1 x Stage: R-17. Gross Mass: 5,385 kg (11,871 lb). Empty Mass: 1,645 kg (3,626 lb). Thrust (vac): 93.100 kN (20,930 lbf). Isp: 251 sec. Burn time: 95 sec. Isp(sl): 219 sec. Diameter: 0.96 m (3.14 ft). Span: 1.77 m (5.80 ft). Length: 7.43 m (24.37 ft). Propellants: Nitric acid/Kerosene. No Engines: 1. Engine: Isayev R-17. Other designations: 8K14, SS-1C Scud B, 9K72 Elbrus. Status: Out of production. Developed from Russian storable fuel tactical missile. Original R-11 designed by Korolev OKB, subsequent developments by Makeyev OKB. Using calculations of Gerald Bull, stretched and clustered as basis of Iraqi ICBM/satellite launch vehicle.
- Stage Number: 2. 1 x Stage: R-17. Gross Mass: 5,385 kg (11,871 lb). Empty Mass: 1,645 kg (3,626 lb). Thrust (vac): 93.100 kN (20,930 lbf). Isp: 251 sec. Burn time: 95 sec. Isp(sl): 219 sec. Diameter: 0.96 m (3.14 ft). Span: 1.77 m (5.80 ft). Length: 7.43 m (24.37 ft). Propellants: Nitric acid/Kerosene. No Engines: 1. Engine: Isayev R-17. Other designations: 8K14, SS-1C Scud B, 9K72 Elbrus. Status: Out of production. Developed from Russian storable fuel tactical missile. Original R-11 designed by Korolev OKB, subsequent developments by Makeyev OKB. Using calculations of Gerald Bull, stretched and clustered as basis of Iraqi ICBM/satellite launch vehicle.
Tamouz Chronology 1989 December 5 - Launch Site: Al Anbar. Launch Vehicle: Tamouz. - Test mission Nation: Iraq. Agency: Iraq. Apogee: 50 km (31 mi). References: 5, 1864.
1990 March 22 - Launch Vehicle: Babylon Gun, Tamouz. - Gerard Bull assassinated, ending the Tamouz and supergun projects. Nation: Iraq. It is commonly thought that he was killed by the Israelis, concerned not so much by the supergun work but rather dynamics research Bull was doing to improve Iraqi ballistic missiles. Three weeks later British Customs seized the final eight sections of the Babylon Gun.
Bibliography and Further Reading - McDowell, Jonathan, Jonathan's Space Home Page, Harvard University, 1997-present. Jonathan McDowell's complete on-line listing of all objects orbited and over 20,000 rocket launches Accessed at: http://www.planet4589.org/jsr.html.
- Koelle, Heinz Hermann,, Handbook of Astronautical Engineering, McGraw-Hill,New York, 1961. The only such comprehensive handbook ever produced, and at the dawn of the space age.
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