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Deacon
Credit - via Andreas Parsch
Test vehicle. Country: USA. Status: Retired 1963.

The Deacon was an advanced solid rocket motor design cancelled at the end of World War II. In 1947 NACA began using reworked surplus motors to boost instrumented subscale aircraft models to speeds of up to Mach 4. They became a workhorse for the Agency's aerodynamic research, resulting in new production. Thousands were flown, until, by the end of the 1950's, supersonic wind tunnels took over the job. Data shown is for single-stage version.

In January 1945 the Allegheny Ballistics Laboratory (ABL) began work on advanced solid propellant rocket motors under the National Defense Research Council. These would use new double-base propellants, the star-shaped internal grain layout developed by the British, and use lightweight aluminum motor cases instead of steel. A series of motors were named after religious ranks (as opposed to the Jet Propulsion Laboratory's use of, military ranks for its rocket series). These included the Curate (42 mm diameter), Vicar (127 mm), and Deacon (159 mm). Further work was halted at the end of World War 2, by which time between 200 and 300 motors had been produced. However the propellant used was considered obsolete and there were no plans to use the motors in any Army missile.

However in the post-war years the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) had a requirement for a rocket to test aerodynamic models at hypersonic speeds. They found the surplus Deacon motors to be suitable to their requirements, and had ABL rework them with new motor grains. The first test flight from Wallops Island Test Station over the Atlantic was in April 1947. Ten subsequent tests took model aircraft and missile shapes up to 4480 kph. The Deacon had a 66 G acceleration and was flown singly, or clustered, and became a NACA workhorse. Once the surplus motors were used, thousands of new production motors were made by Hercules (the former ABL). The Deacon made an enormous contribution to 1950's air vehicle development - aircraft shapes tested included the Navaho, Snark, Redstone, Sparrow, Falcon, Sidewinder, F-8, F-11, F-6, F-100, F-102, F-103, F-104, and F-107.

The Deacon motor had other uses beyond aerodynamic research. It was employed during Operation Pogo to fire metalized parachutes to high altitudes for radar tracking. Navy Terrapin sounding rockets also used the Deacon motor, and Deacons were carried to high altitudes by balloons prior to firing in the Rockoon program.

Manufacturer: NASA. Launches: 227. Failures: 22. Success Rate: 90.31%. First Launch Date: 1947-04-01. Last Launch Date: 1963-04-30. Launch data is: complete. Payload: 17 kg (37 lb). Apogee: 20 km (12 mi). Liftoff Thrust: 27.000 kN (6,069 lbf). Total Mass: 93 kg (205 lb). Core Diameter: 0.16 m (0.52 ft). Total Length: 3.28 m (10.76 ft). Span: 0.51 m (1.67 ft).

  • Stage1: 1 x Double HPAG Deacon-2. Gross Mass: 100 kg (220 lb). Empty Mass: 24 kg (52 lb). Motor: 1 x X-220. Thrust (vac): 26.000 kN (5,845 lbf). Burn time: 3.00 sec. Length: 2.80 m (9.10 ft). Diameter: 0.17 m (0.55 ft). Propellants: Solid.
Version:

Double Deacon.

Single stage vehicles consisting of 2 Deacon motors fired in parallel.

Manufacturer: NASA. Launches: 42. Failures: 8. Success Rate: 80.95%. First Launch Date: 1949-11-16. Last Launch Date: 1958-09-08. Apogee: 20 km (12 mi). Liftoff Thrust: 54.000 kN (12,139 lbf). Total Mass: 100 kg (220 lb). Core Diameter: 0.15 m (0.49 ft). Total Length: 5.00 m (16.40 ft).

  • Stage1: 2 x Double HPAG Deacon-2. Gross Mass: 100 kg (220 lb). Empty Mass: 24 kg (52 lb). Motor: 1 x X-220. Thrust (vac): 26.000 kN (5,845 lbf). Burn time: 3.00 sec. Length: 2.80 m (9.10 ft). Diameter: 0.17 m (0.55 ft). Propellants: Solid.
Version:

Deacon Deacon.

Two stage vehicle consisting of 1 x Deacon + 1 x Deacon

Manufacturer: NASA. Launches: 5. Failures: 1. First Launch Date: 1950-08-01. Last Launch Date: 1952-09-01. Apogee: 20 km (12 mi). Liftoff Thrust: 27.000 kN (6,069 lbf). Total Mass: 100 kg (220 lb). Core Diameter: 0.15 m (0.49 ft). Total Length: 5.00 m (16.40 ft).

  • Stage1: 1 x Double HPAG Deacon-2. Gross Mass: 100 kg (220 lb). Empty Mass: 24 kg (52 lb). Motor: 1 x X-220. Thrust (vac): 26.000 kN (5,845 lbf). Burn time: 3.00 sec. Length: 2.80 m (9.10 ft). Diameter: 0.17 m (0.55 ft). Propellants: Solid.
  • Stage2: 1 x Double HPAG Deacon-2. Gross Mass: 100 kg (220 lb). Empty Mass: 24 kg (52 lb). Motor: 1 x X-220. Thrust (vac): 26.000 kN (5,845 lbf). Burn time: 3.00 sec. Length: 2.80 m (9.10 ft). Diameter: 0.17 m (0.55 ft). Propellants: Solid.
Version:

Deacon HVAR.

Two stage vehicle consisting of 1 x Deacon + 1 x HVAR

Manufacturer: NASA. Launches: 1. First Launch Date: 1950-11-02. Last Launch Date: 1950-11-02. Apogee: 20 km (12 mi). Liftoff Thrust: 27.000 kN (6,069 lbf). Total Mass: 100 kg (220 lb). Core Diameter: 0.15 m (0.49 ft). Total Length: 4.00 m (13.10 ft).

  • Stage1: 1 x Double HPAG Deacon-2. Gross Mass: 100 kg (220 lb). Empty Mass: 24 kg (52 lb). Motor: 1 x X-220. Thrust (vac): 26.000 kN (5,845 lbf). Burn time: 3.00 sec. Length: 2.80 m (9.10 ft). Diameter: 0.17 m (0.55 ft). Propellants: Solid.
  • Stage2: 1 x HVAR-1. Gross Mass: 40 kg (88 lb). Empty Mass: 17 kg (37 lb). Motor: 1 x HVAR. Thrust (vac): 25.000 kN (5,620 lbf). Burn time: 0.90 sec. Length: 1.70 m (5.50 ft). Diameter: 0.13 m (0.42 ft). Propellants: Solid.
Version:

Deacon Sidewinder.

Two stage vehicle consisting of 1 x Deacon + 1 x HPAG

Manufacturer: NASA. Launches: 1. First Launch Date: 1953-10-15. Last Launch Date: 1953-10-15. Apogee: 20 km (12 mi). Liftoff Thrust: 27.000 kN (6,069 lbf). Total Mass: 160 kg (350 lb). Core Diameter: 0.16 m (0.52 ft). Total Length: 4.00 m (13.10 ft). Span: 0.64 m (2.09 ft).

  • Stage1: 1 x Double HPAG Deacon-2. Gross Mass: 100 kg (220 lb). Empty Mass: 24 kg (52 lb). Motor: 1 x X-220. Thrust (vac): 26.000 kN (5,845 lbf). Burn time: 3.00 sec. Length: 2.80 m (9.10 ft). Diameter: 0.17 m (0.55 ft). Propellants: Solid.
  • Stage2: 1 x Nike Nike HPAG-3. Gross Mass: 30 kg (66 lb). Empty Mass: 12 kg (26 lb). Motor: 1 x HPAG. Thrust (vac): 12.500 kN (2,810 lbf). Burn time: 2.70 sec. Length: 1.80 m (5.90 ft). Diameter: 0.13 m (0.42 ft). Propellants: Solid.
Version:

HPAG Deacon.

Two stage vehicles consisting of HPAG boosters + 1 x Deacon

Manufacturer: NASA. Launches: 1. First Launch Date: 1953-07-24. Last Launch Date: 1953-07-24. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi). Liftoff Thrust: 12.000 kN (2,697 lbf). Core Diameter: 0.13 m (0.42 ft). Total Length: 3.00 m (9.80 ft).

  • Stage1: 1 x Nike Nike HPAG-3. Gross Mass: 30 kg (66 lb). Empty Mass: 12 kg (26 lb). Motor: 1 x HPAG. Thrust (vac): 12.500 kN (2,810 lbf). Burn time: 2.70 sec. Length: 1.80 m (5.90 ft). Diameter: 0.13 m (0.42 ft). Propellants: Solid.
  • Stage2: 1 x Double HPAG Deacon-2. Gross Mass: 100 kg (220 lb). Empty Mass: 24 kg (52 lb). Motor: 1 x X-220. Thrust (vac): 26.000 kN (5,845 lbf). Burn time: 3.00 sec. Length: 2.80 m (9.10 ft). Diameter: 0.17 m (0.55 ft). Propellants: Solid.
Version:

Nike Deacon.

Two-stage rocket using surplus Nike boosters and Deacon sounding rocket upper stage. The combination was much cheaper than Aerobee, and unlike Rockoon could be launched from fixed launchers in two and a half hours. It was used for 'falling sphere' air density studies, atmospheric soundings, and for heat transfer studies launched from NACA Wallops Island.

From NASA SOUNDING ROCKETS, 1958-1968 - A Historical Summary, NASA SP-4401, 1971, by William R. Corliss

When the Deacon and Cajun rockets were combined with the solid-propellant booster of the Nike I guided missile, two very capable sounding rockets evolved: the Nike-Deacon (called DAN for Deacon and Nike) and Nike-Cajun (CAN). DAN could take a 23-kg (50-lb) payload to 111 km (69 mi), while the higher performance CAN could carry the same payload to 167 km (104 mi).

The original mating of the Nike and Deacon was carried out by NACA PARD personnel in 1953 as an in-house project with later financial support from the Air Force Cambridge Research Laboratories (AFCRL). The objective of the NACA work was again the acceleration of model rockets and aircraft to high Mach numbers. The first of these firings took place on November 19, 1953, at Wallops Island. The Nike-Deacon began its sounding rocket career in 1954 at a meeting of the Upper Atmosphere Rocket Research Panel. Panel Chairman James A. Van Allen asked the NASA representative, William J. O'Sullivan, from Langley Research Center, if one of the PARD vehicles might not be less expensive and more easily launched than the Aerobee. O'Sullivan recommended the Nike-Deacon. Subsequently the Aeronautical Engineering Department of the University of Michigan, which was developing upper atmosphere instrumentation for AFCRL, was funded by AFCRL to convert the PARD Nike-Deacon into a sounding rocket. The new rocket was launched from Wallops Island for the first time on April 8,1955. The Nike-Deacons and Nike-Cajuns were cheap and reliable, the basic rocket motors having been developed and well tested during their military and NACA careers. Further, they were simple and easy to use - scientists could take them wherever targets of opportunity existed.

Manufacturer: NASA Langley. Launches: 18. Failures: 6. First Launch Date: 1953-11-19. Last Launch Date: 1957-09-18. Payload: 23 kg (50 lb). Apogee: 160 km (90 mi). Liftoff Thrust: 217.000 kN (48,783 lbf). Total Mass: 710 kg (1,560 lb). Core Diameter: 0.42 m (1.37 ft). Total Length: 7.74 m (25.39 ft). Span: 1.59 m (5.21 ft).

  • Stage1: 1 x HJ Nike Nike-3. Gross Mass: 599 kg (1,320 lb). Empty Mass: 256 kg (564 lb). Motor: 1 x M5E1. Thrust (vac): 195.600 kN (43,973 lbf). Burn time: 3.40 sec. Length: 3.60 m (11.80 ft). Diameter: 0.42 m (1.37 ft). Propellants: Solid.
  • Stage2: 1 x Double HPAG Deacon-2. Gross Mass: 100 kg (220 lb). Empty Mass: 24 kg (52 lb). Motor: 1 x X-220. Thrust (vac): 26.000 kN (5,845 lbf). Burn time: 3.00 sec. Length: 2.80 m (9.10 ft). Diameter: 0.17 m (0.55 ft). Propellants: Solid.
Version:

Quad Deacon.

Single stage vehicle consisting of 4 Deacons fired in parallel.

Manufacturer: NASA. Launches: 2. First Launch Date: 1953-01-14. Last Launch Date: 1954-03-26. Apogee: 20 km (12 mi). Liftoff Thrust: 100.000 kN (22,480 lbf). Total Mass: 100 kg (220 lb). Core Diameter: 0.15 m (0.49 ft). Total Length: 7.00 m (22.90 ft).

  • Stage1: 4 x Double HPAG Deacon-2. Gross Mass: 100 kg (220 lb). Empty Mass: 24 kg (52 lb). Motor: 1 x X-220. Thrust (vac): 26.000 kN (5,845 lbf). Burn time: 3.00 sec. Length: 2.80 m (9.10 ft). Diameter: 0.17 m (0.55 ft). Propellants: Solid.
Version:

Triple Deacon.

Single stage vehicle.

Manufacturer: NASA. Launches: 2. First Launch Date: 1953-05-08. Last Launch Date: 1953-06-25. Apogee: 20 km (12 mi). Liftoff Thrust: 75.000 kN (16,860 lbf). Total Mass: 100 kg (220 lb). Core Diameter: 0.15 m (0.49 ft). Total Length: 7.00 m (22.90 ft).

  • Stage1: 3 x Double HPAG Deacon-2. Gross Mass: 100 kg (220 lb). Empty Mass: 24 kg (52 lb). Motor: 1 x X-220. Thrust (vac): 26.000 kN (5,845 lbf). Burn time: 3.00 sec. Length: 2.80 m (9.10 ft). Diameter: 0.17 m (0.55 ft). Propellants: Solid.
Version:

Triple Deacon HPAG.

Two stage vehicle consisting of 3 x Deacon + 1 x HPAG

Manufacturer: NASA. Launches: 2. First Launch Date: 1953-08-20. Last Launch Date: 1953-11-20. Apogee: 20 km (12 mi). Liftoff Thrust: 75.000 kN (16,860 lbf). Total Mass: 100 kg (220 lb). Core Diameter: 0.15 m (0.49 ft). Total Length: 7.00 m (22.90 ft).

  • Stage1: 3 x Double HPAG Deacon-2. Gross Mass: 100 kg (220 lb). Empty Mass: 24 kg (52 lb). Motor: 1 x X-220. Thrust (vac): 26.000 kN (5,845 lbf). Burn time: 3.00 sec. Length: 2.80 m (9.10 ft). Diameter: 0.17 m (0.55 ft). Propellants: Solid.
  • Stage2: 1 x Nike Nike HPAG-3. Gross Mass: 30 kg (66 lb). Empty Mass: 12 kg (26 lb). Motor: 1 x HPAG. Thrust (vac): 12.500 kN (2,810 lbf). Burn time: 2.70 sec. Length: 1.80 m (5.90 ft). Diameter: 0.13 m (0.42 ft). Propellants: Solid.
Version:

Double HPAG Deacon.

Two stage vehicle consisting of 2 x HPAG + 1 x Deacon

Manufacturer: NASA. Launches: 1. First Launch Date: 1954-01-29. Last Launch Date: 1954-01-29. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi). Liftoff Thrust: 12.000 kN (2,697 lbf). Core Diameter: 0.13 m (0.42 ft). Total Length: 3.00 m (9.80 ft).

  • Stage1: 2 x Nike Nike HPAG-3. Gross Mass: 30 kg (66 lb). Empty Mass: 12 kg (26 lb). Motor: 1 x HPAG. Thrust (vac): 12.500 kN (2,810 lbf). Burn time: 2.70 sec. Length: 1.80 m (5.90 ft). Diameter: 0.13 m (0.42 ft). Propellants: Solid.
  • Stage2: 1 x Double HPAG Deacon-2. Gross Mass: 100 kg (220 lb). Empty Mass: 24 kg (52 lb). Motor: 1 x X-220. Thrust (vac): 26.000 kN (5,845 lbf). Burn time: 3.00 sec. Length: 2.80 m (9.10 ft). Diameter: 0.17 m (0.55 ft). Propellants: Solid.
Version:

Nike Nike Deacon.

Three stage vehicle consisting of 1 x Nike + 1 x Nike + 1 x Deacon

Manufacturer: NASA Langley. Launches: 1. First Launch Date: 1954-04-29. Last Launch Date: 1954-04-29. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi). Liftoff Thrust: 217.000 kN (48,783 lbf). Core Diameter: 0.42 m (1.37 ft). Total Length: 9.00 m (29.50 ft).

  • Stage1: 1 x HJ Nike Nike-3. Gross Mass: 599 kg (1,320 lb). Empty Mass: 256 kg (564 lb). Motor: 1 x M5E1. Thrust (vac): 195.600 kN (43,973 lbf). Burn time: 3.40 sec. Length: 3.60 m (11.80 ft). Diameter: 0.42 m (1.37 ft). Propellants: Solid.
  • Stage2: 1 x HJ Nike Nike-3. Gross Mass: 599 kg (1,320 lb). Empty Mass: 256 kg (564 lb). Motor: 1 x M5E1. Thrust (vac): 195.600 kN (43,973 lbf). Burn time: 3.40 sec. Length: 3.60 m (11.80 ft). Diameter: 0.42 m (1.37 ft). Propellants: Solid.
  • Stage3: 1 x Double HPAG Deacon-2. Gross Mass: 100 kg (220 lb). Empty Mass: 24 kg (52 lb). Motor: 1 x X-220. Thrust (vac): 26.000 kN (5,845 lbf). Burn time: 3.00 sec. Length: 2.80 m (9.10 ft). Diameter: 0.17 m (0.55 ft). Propellants: Solid.
Version:

Tri-Deacon Deacon HPAG.

Three stage vehicle consisting of 3 x Deacon + 1 x Deacon + 1 x HPAG

Manufacturer: NASA. Launches: 1. First Launch Date: 1954-04-29. Last Launch Date: 1954-04-29. Apogee: 20 km (12 mi). Liftoff Thrust: 75.000 kN (16,860 lbf). Total Mass: 200 kg (440 lb). Core Diameter: 0.15 m (0.49 ft). Total Length: 7.00 m (22.90 ft).

  • Stage1: 3 x Double HPAG Deacon-2. Gross Mass: 100 kg (220 lb). Empty Mass: 24 kg (52 lb). Motor: 1 x X-220. Thrust (vac): 26.000 kN (5,845 lbf). Burn time: 3.00 sec. Length: 2.80 m (9.10 ft). Diameter: 0.17 m (0.55 ft). Propellants: Solid.
  • Stage2: 1 x Double HPAG Deacon-2. Gross Mass: 100 kg (220 lb). Empty Mass: 24 kg (52 lb). Motor: 1 x X-220. Thrust (vac): 26.000 kN (5,845 lbf). Burn time: 3.00 sec. Length: 2.80 m (9.10 ft). Diameter: 0.17 m (0.55 ft). Propellants: Solid.
  • Stage3: 1 x Nike Nike HPAG-3. Gross Mass: 30 kg (66 lb). Empty Mass: 12 kg (26 lb). Motor: 1 x HPAG. Thrust (vac): 12.500 kN (2,810 lbf). Burn time: 2.70 sec. Length: 1.80 m (5.90 ft). Diameter: 0.13 m (0.42 ft). Propellants: Solid.
Version:

Nike Nike Tri-Deacon T40.

Four stage vehicle consisting of 1 x Nike + 1 x Nike + 3 x Deacon + 1 x T-40

Manufacturer: NASA Langley. Launches: 1. Failures: 1. First Launch Date: 1955-04-08. Last Launch Date: 1955-04-08. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi). Liftoff Thrust: 217.000 kN (48,783 lbf). Core Diameter: 0.42 m (1.37 ft). Total Length: 9.00 m (29.50 ft).

  • Stage1: 1 x HJ Nike Nike-3. Gross Mass: 599 kg (1,320 lb). Empty Mass: 256 kg (564 lb). Motor: 1 x M5E1. Thrust (vac): 195.600 kN (43,973 lbf). Burn time: 3.40 sec. Length: 3.60 m (11.80 ft). Diameter: 0.42 m (1.37 ft). Propellants: Solid.
  • Stage2: 1 x HJ Nike Nike-3. Gross Mass: 599 kg (1,320 lb). Empty Mass: 256 kg (564 lb). Motor: 1 x M5E1. Thrust (vac): 195.600 kN (43,973 lbf). Burn time: 3.40 sec. Length: 3.60 m (11.80 ft). Diameter: 0.42 m (1.37 ft). Propellants: Solid.
  • Stage3: 3 x Double HPAG Deacon-2. Gross Mass: 100 kg (220 lb). Empty Mass: 24 kg (52 lb). Motor: 1 x X-220. Thrust (vac): 26.000 kN (5,845 lbf). Burn time: 3.00 sec. Length: 2.80 m (9.10 ft). Diameter: 0.17 m (0.55 ft). Propellants: Solid.
  • Stage4: 1 x Double Cajun T40-2. Gross Mass: 100 kg (220 lb). Empty Mass: 15 kg (33 lb). Motor: 1 x T-40. Thrust (vac): 13.300 kN (2,990 lbf). Burn time: 6.00 sec. Length: 1.40 m (4.50 ft). Diameter: 0.20 m (0.65 ft). Propellants: Solid.
Version:

Tandem Double Deacon.

Two stage vehicle consisting of 2 x Deacon + 2 x Deacon

Manufacturer: NASA. Launches: 2. First Launch Date: 1956-01-26. Last Launch Date: 1956-06-22. Apogee: 20 km (12 mi). Liftoff Thrust: 54.000 kN (12,139 lbf). Total Mass: 100 kg (220 lb). Core Diameter: 0.15 m (0.49 ft). Total Length: 10.00 m (32.00 ft).

  • Stage1: 2 x Double HPAG Deacon-2. Gross Mass: 100 kg (220 lb). Empty Mass: 24 kg (52 lb). Motor: 1 x X-220. Thrust (vac): 26.000 kN (5,845 lbf). Burn time: 3.00 sec. Length: 2.80 m (9.10 ft). Diameter: 0.17 m (0.55 ft). Propellants: Solid.
  • Stage2: 2 x Double HPAG Deacon-2. Gross Mass: 100 kg (220 lb). Empty Mass: 24 kg (52 lb). Motor: 1 x X-220. Thrust (vac): 26.000 kN (5,845 lbf). Burn time: 3.00 sec. Length: 2.80 m (9.10 ft). Diameter: 0.17 m (0.55 ft). Propellants: Solid.
Version:

Terrapin.

Terrapin sounding rockets were two-stage vehicles launched from Wallops Island. The Terrapin sounding rocket was developed by Republic Aviation under a National Security Agency contract for a University of Maryland project that allowed graduate students to study the upper atmosphere. The two-stage rocket used a Deacon motor with a slow-burn grain for the lower stage, and a TSI upper stage. The upper stage was equipped with low-drag swept stabilising fins.

The two stage vehicle consisted of a Deacon first stage and T-55 second stage. The project was funded by the National Security Agency, the rocket developed by Republic Aviation, and flights were conducted by graduate students of the University of Maryland. The Deacon was modified to burn at half of its normal rate. NACA objected to Republic's stabilisation fin design, but it worked well.

Manufacturer: Republic. Launches: 6. Failures: 1. First Launch Date: 1956-09-21. Last Launch Date: 1957-01-01. Payload: 3.50 kg (7.70 lb). Apogee: 130 km (80 mi). Liftoff Thrust: 15.000 kN (3,372 lbf). Total Mass: 101 kg (222 lb). Core Diameter: 0.16 m (0.52 ft). Total Length: 4.50 m (14.70 ft).

  • Stage1: 1 x Double HPAG Deacon-2. Gross Mass: 100 kg (220 lb). Empty Mass: 24 kg (52 lb). Motor: 1 x X-220. Thrust (vac): 26.000 kN (5,845 lbf). Burn time: 3.00 sec. Length: 2.80 m (9.10 ft). Diameter: 0.17 m (0.55 ft). Propellants: Solid.
  • Stage2: 1 x HJ Nike Nike Recruit T55-5. Empty Mass: 12 kg (26 lb). Motor: 1 x T-55. Thrust (vac): 21.000 kN (4,720 lbf). Burn time: 1.30 sec. Length: 1.50 m (4.90 ft). Diameter: 0.15 m (0.49 ft). Propellants: Solid.
Version:

Deacon Arrow II.

Two stage vehicle consisting of 1 x Deacon + 1 x Arrow II

Manufacturer: Sandia. Launches: 44. Success Rate: 100.00%. First Launch Date: 1958-11-19. Last Launch Date: 1963-01-23. Apogee: 85 km (52 mi). Liftoff Thrust: 27.000 kN (6,069 lbf). Total Mass: 100 kg (220 lb). Core Diameter: 0.15 m (0.49 ft). Total Length: 5.10 m (16.70 ft).

  • Stage1: 1 x Double HPAG Deacon-2. Gross Mass: 100 kg (220 lb). Empty Mass: 24 kg (52 lb). Motor: 1 x X-220. Thrust (vac): 26.000 kN (5,845 lbf). Burn time: 3.00 sec. Length: 2.80 m (9.10 ft). Diameter: 0.17 m (0.55 ft). Propellants: Solid.
  • Stage2: 1 x Deacon Arrow II-2. Gross Mass: 100 kg (220 lb). Motor: 1 x Arrow. Thrust (vac): 10.000 kN (2,248 lbf). Burn time: 2.00 sec. Length: 1.50 m (4.90 ft). Diameter: 0.17 m (0.55 ft). Propellants: Solid.
Version:

Pogo Hi.

Manufacturer: Hercules. Launches: 1. First Launch Date: 1961-01-01. Last Launch Date: 1961-01-01. Apogee: 25 km (15 mi). Liftoff Thrust: 0 N ( lbf). Total Mass: 100 kg (220 lb). Core Diameter: 0.17 m (0.55 ft). Total Length: 4.00 m (13.10 ft).

  • Stage1: 1 x Cajun Dart-1. Gross Mass: 100 kg (220 lb). Empty Mass: 22 kg (48 lb). Motor: 1 x Cajun. Thrust (vac): 36.000 kN (8,093 lbf). Burn time: 3.00 sec. Length: 2.60 m (8.50 ft). Diameter: 0.17 m (0.55 ft). Propellants: Solid.
Version:

Deacon Judi.

Two stage vehicle consisting of 1 x Deacon + 1 x Judi III

Manufacturer: RPI. Launches: 2. First Launch Date: 1963-04-30. Last Launch Date: 1963-04-30. Apogee: 146 km (90 mi). Liftoff Thrust: 21.000 kN (4,720 lbf). Total Mass: 100 kg (220 lb). Core Diameter: 0.16 m (0.52 ft). Total Length: 4.20 m (13.70 ft).

  • Stage1: 1 x Double HPAG Deacon-2. Gross Mass: 100 kg (220 lb). Empty Mass: 24 kg (52 lb). Motor: 1 x X-220. Thrust (vac): 26.000 kN (5,845 lbf). Burn time: 3.00 sec. Length: 2.80 m (9.10 ft). Diameter: 0.17 m (0.55 ft). Propellants: Solid.
  • Stage2: 1 x Kisha Judi-2. Empty Mass: 2.00 kg (4.40 lb). Motor: 1 x Judi-III 1.9KS2100. Thrust (vac): 9.000 kN (2,023 lbf). Burn time: 1.90 sec. Length: 2.30 m (7.50 ft). Diameter: 0.0800 m (0.2620 ft). Propellants: Solid.
Deacon Chronology

1947 April 1 - Wallops Island -. Test launch Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi). First Deacon rocket launched at Wallops Island, which achieved a velocity of 4,200 feet per second.

1947 August 1 - Wallops Island -. Test launch Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1948 - Wallops Island -. E15 Model test Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1948 August 19 - Wallops Island -. Sparrow model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1948 September 24 - Wallops Island -. Convair XF-92 model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1948 December 23 - Wallops Island -. FAILURE: Failure. D3 Model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 0 km ( mi).

1949 February 2 - Wallops Island -. E15 Model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1949 March 28 - Wallops Island -. XF-91 model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1949 March 29 - Wallops Island -. FAILURE: Failure. D3 Model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1949 March 30 - Wallops Island -. D8 Model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1949 April 1 - Wallops Island -. D4 Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1949 April 1 - Wallops Island -. D4 Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1949 April 21 - Wallops Island -. E17 Drag Model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1949 May 24 - Wallops Island -. D4 Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1949 August 23 - Wallops Island -. D3 Model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1949 September 21 - Wallops Island -. X-3 Model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1949 November 16 - Wallops Island -. FAILURE: Failure. F23 Ramjet test Agency: NACA. Apogee: 0 km ( mi).

1949 December 23 - Wallops Island -. D4 Model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1950 January 11 - Wallops Island -. F26 Model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1950 January 25 - Wallops Island -. X-3 Model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1950 March 24 - Wallops Island -. F23 Ramjet test Agency: NACA. Apogee: 17 km (10 mi).

1950 May 12 - Wallops Island -. X-2 Model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1950 May 23 - Wallops Island -. F26 Model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1950 June 6 - Wallops Island -. F23 Ramjet test Agency: NACA. Apogee: 48 km (29 mi).

1950 August 1 - Wallops Island -. Hermes Ramjet Model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1950 August 1 - Wallops Island -. FAILURE: Failure. Hermes Ramjet Model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1950 August 18 - Wallops Island -. D4 Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1950 August 31 - Wallops Island -. XF-92 model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1950 September 8 - Wallops Island -. E17 Drag Model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1950 October 2 - Wallops Island -. D8 Model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1950 November 2 - Wallops Island -. Sparrow model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1950 November 15 - Wallops Island -. Snark Model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1950 November 16 - Wallops Island -. X-3 Model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1950 December 7 - Wallops Island -. X-3 Model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1951 February 6 - Wallops Island -. RM-10 model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1951 March 23 - Wallops Island -. XF4D-1 Model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1951 May 7 - Wallops Island -. E2 Model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1951 May 17 - Wallops Island -. X-5 E17 model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1951 June 25 - Wallops Island -. X-3 Model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1951 June 27 - Wallops Island -. XF4D-1 Model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1951 July 18 - Wallops Island -. Double Deacon Double Deacon FAILURE: Failure. X-2 Model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 0 km ( mi).

1951 August 2 - Wallops Island -. Boojum model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1951 August 17 - Wallops Island -. E15 Model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1951 September 5 - Wallops Island -. E7 model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1951 November 29 - Wallops Island -. D3 Model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1951 December 19 - Wallops Island -. Falcon Missile test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1951 December 19 - Wallops Island -. XF10F-1 Model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1952 January 1 - Wallops Island -. Double Deacon Double Deacon FAILURE: Failure. X-2 Model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 0 km ( mi).

1952 January 23 - Wallops Island -. X-3 Model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1952 March 5 - Wallops Island -. XF3H-1 Model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1952 March 13 - Wallops Island -. XF4D-1 Model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1952 March 18 - Wallops Island -. F29 ramjet test Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1952 March 19 - Wallops Island -. Navaho Model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1952 April 1 - Wallops Island -. Rigel Model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1952 April 23 - Wallops Island -. FAILURE: Failure. D109/FFAR seeker test Agency: NACA. Apogee: 1.00 km (0.60 mi).

1952 May 16 - Wallops Island -. E15 Model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1952 May 22 - Wallops Island -. F29 ramjet test Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1952 May 22 - Wallops Island -. Navaho Model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1952 June 13 - Wallops Island -. X-3 Model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1952 July 8 - Wallops Island -. FAILURE: Failure. B-58 Model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 0 km ( mi).

1952 August 5 - Wallops Island -. Hermes Ramjet Model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1952 August 6 - Wallops Island -. B-58 Model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1952 August 6 - Wallops Island -. D-558-II model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1952 September 1 - Wallops Island -. Hermes Ramjet Model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1952 September 5 - Wallops Island -. Rigel Model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1952 September 11 - Wallops Island -. B-58 Model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1952 September 19 - Wallops Island -. D109/HPAG seeker test Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1952 September 24 - Wallops Island -. D35 Model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1952 September 25 - Wallops Island -. FAILURE: Failure. F-100 Model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1952 October 30 - Wallops Island -. B-58 Model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1952 October 31 - Wallops Island -. FAILURE: Failure. Navaho Model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1952 November 1 - Wallops Island -. Rigel Model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1952 November 7 - Wallops Island -. F-100 Model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1952 November 12 - Wallops Island -. XF2Y-1 Model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1952 November 19 - Wallops Island -. XF10F-1 Model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1952 December 12 - Wallops Island -. D109/HPAG seeker test Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1952 December 18 - Wallops Island -. D18 F100 Model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1952 December 18 - Wallops Island -. D28 model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1953 January 1 - Wallops Island -. D35 Model Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1953 - Wallops Island -. F-100 Model Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1953 January 14 - Wallops Island -. Test launch Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1953 January 22 - Wallops Island -. B-58 Model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1953 March 5 - Wallops Island -. Falcon Missile test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1953 March 20 - Wallops Island -. FAILURE: Failure. B-58 Model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 0 km ( mi).

1953 April 10 - Wallops Island -. F36 Ramjet model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1953 May 8 - Wallops Island -. Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi). First launching of a cluster of three Deacon rockets as a booster at NACA's Wallops Island.

1953 June 10 - Wallops Island -. XF3H-1 Model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1953 June 18 - Wallops Island -. F29 ramjet test Agency: NACA. Apogee: 8.00 km (4.90 mi).

1953 June 25 - Wallops Island -. F23 Ramjet test Agency: NACA. Apogee: 41 km (25 mi).

1953 July 15 - Wallops Island -. E25 model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1953 July 24 - Wallops Island -. F-102 Model test Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1953 August 4 - Wallops Island -. Rascal Model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1953 August 19 - Wallops Island -. D18 F100 Model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1953 August 19 - Wallops Island -. F29 ramjet test Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1953 August 20 - Wallops Island -. E10 Hypersonic test Agency: NACA. Apogee: 20 km (12 mi).

1953 October 7 - Wallops Island -. F8U-1 Model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1953 October 15 - Wallops Island -. Sidewinder test Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1953 October 26 - Wallops Island -. Pogo model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1953 November 1 - Wallops Island -. FAILURE: Failure. B-58 Model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1953 November 19 - Wallops Island -. F40 Hypersonic test Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi). First launching of a Nike-Deacon two-stage rocket for heat transfer studies at NACA Wallops Island.

1953 November 20 - Wallops Island -. E10 Hypersonic test Agency: NACA. Apogee: 20 km (12 mi).

1953 December 2 - Wallops Island -. X-2 Model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1953 December 7 - Wallops Island -. E15 Model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1953 December 16 - Wallops Island -. X-3 Model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1953 December 17 - Wallops Island -. F11F-1 Model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1954? - Wallops Island -. Nike Deacon-1 Test mission Agency: USA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1954 January 4 - Wallops Island -. F-104 model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1954 January 7 - Wallops Island -. F8U-1 Model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1954 January 27 - Wallops Island -. MX-1712 Model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1954 January 29 - Wallops Island -. F-102 Model test Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1954 February 9 - Wallops Island -. F11F-1 Model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1954 February 24 - Wallops Island -. F29 ramjet test Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1954 March 1 - Wallops Island -. E17 Drag Model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1954 March 19 - Wallops Island -. XF2Y-1 Model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi). First launching of a cluster of four Deacon rockets as a booster vehicle, at NACA Wallops Island.

1954 March 24 - Wallops Island -. Regulus II Model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1954 March 26 - Wallops Island -. Drag model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1954 April 21 - Wallops Island -. D35 Model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1954 April 22 - Wallops Island -. Regulus II Model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1954 April 29 - Wallops Island -. F40 Hypersonic test Agency: NACA. Apogee: 13 km (8 mi).

1954 April 29 - Wallops Island -. Test launch Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1954 June 3 - Wallops Island -. Inlet model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1954 June 4 - Wallops Island -. Snark Model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1954 June 28 - Wallops Island -. MX-1712 Model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1954 July 22 - 19:15 GMT - Poker Flat FW. Gamma ray astronomy mission Agency: NRL. Apogee: 86 km (53 mi).

1954 July 27 - Wallops Island -. FAILURE: Failure. AGARD Model 2 test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1954 August 11 - Wallops Island -. F11F-1 Model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1954 September 2 - Wallops Island -. D4 Model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1954 October 22 - Wallops Island -. FAILURE: Failure. B-58 Model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1954 December 16 - Wallops Island -. Sidewinder test Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1955 - Wallops Island -. XF3H-1 Model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1955 - Wallops Island -. XF3H-1 Model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1955 January 11 - Wallops Island -. Falcon Missile test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1955 January 28 - Wallops Island -. Delta-wing model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1955 March 23 - Wallops Island -. F29 ramjet test Agency: NACA. Apogee: 6.00 km (3.70 mi).

1955 March 28 - Wallops Island -. E39 Model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1955 April 8 - Wallops Island -. FAILURE: Failure. Heat Transfer Re-entry Vehicle test Agency: NACA. Apogee: 18 km (11 mi).

1955 April 8 - 15:19 GMT - Wallops Island -. DAN-1 test Agency: USAF. Apogee: 108 km (67 mi).

1955 April 21 - Wallops Island -. Turbojet study test Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1955 June 20 - Wallops Island -. E5 model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1955 June 24 - 18:04 GMT - Wallops Island -. DAN-2 Aeronomy mission Agency: USAF. Apogee: 105 km (65 mi). First Nike-Deacon sounding rocket launched at Wallops Island in cooperative USAF-NACA program of upper air density measurements.

1955 June 28 - Wallops Island -. D35 Model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1955 September 27 - Wallops Island -. Hemi-Cyl re-entry vehicle test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 30 km (18 mi).

1955 October 1 - Wallops Island -. D35 Model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1955 October 11 - Wallops Island -. SMOKE Aeronomy release mission Agency: NACA/USN. Apogee: 8.00 km (4.90 mi).

1955 October 11 - Wallops Island -. SMOKE Aeronomy release mission Agency: NACA/USN. Apogee: 8.00 km (4.90 mi).

1955 November 16 - Wallops Island -. Regulus II Model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1955 December 13 - Wallops Island -. F5D-1 model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1956 January 26 - Wallops Island -. E15 Model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1956 February 1 - Wallops Island -. Delta-wing model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1956 February 21 - Wallops Island -. E42 model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1956 June 22 - Wallops Island -. Inlet model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1956 June 27 - Wallops Island -. MW-2 Model/T-40 test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1956 September 21 - Wallops Island -. Terrapin M1 FAILURE: Second stage did not ignite. Test mission Agency: NACA/NSA. Apogee: 16 km (9 mi). First Terrpain launch attempt.

1956 September 21 - Wallops Island -. Terrapin M2 Test mission Agency: NACA/NSA. Apogee: 120 km (70 mi). First successful flight of a Terrapin sounding rocket at Wallops Island, which consisted of a Deacon and T55 rocket and carried a payload of 3 kg to a 120 km altitude.

1956 November 27 - Wallops Island -. AGARD Model 2 test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1957 - Wallops Island -. Chemical release mission Agency: NSA. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1957 - Wallops Island -. Chemical release mission Agency: NSA. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1957 - Wallops Island -. Chemical release mission Agency: NSA. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1957 - Wallops Island -. Chemical release mission Agency: NSA. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1957 February 13 - Wallops Island -. Delta-wing model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1957 May 23 - Wallops Island -. MW-2 Model/T-40 test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1957 July 2 - San Nicolas -. Nike Deacon NN7.37F NRL NN7.37F Solar ultraviolet and x-ray mission Agency: NRL. Apogee: 93 km (57 mi).

1957 July 3 - 09:28 GMT - San Nicolas -. Nike Deacon NN7.38F NRL NN7.38F Solar ultraviolet and x-ray mission Agency: NRL. Apogee: 113 km (70 mi).

1957 July 15 - 14:23 GMT - San Nicolas -. Nike Deacon NN7.39F FAILURE: Failure. NRL NN7.39F Solar ultraviolet and x-ray mission Agency: NRL. Apogee: 28 km (17 mi).

1957 July 23 - 16:29 GMT - San Nicolas -. Nike Deacon NN7.40F NRL NN7.40F Solar ultraviolet and x-ray mission Agency: NRL. Apogee: 129 km (80 mi).

1957 August 5 - 12:10 GMT - San Nicolas -. Nike Deacon NN7.41F FAILURE: Failure. NRL NN7.41F Solar ultraviolet and x-ray mission Agency: NRL. Apogee: 14 km (8 mi).

1957 August 20 - 09:49 GMT - San Nicolas -. Nike Deacon NN7.42F/DAN-20 NRL NN7.42F Solar ultraviolet and x-ray mission Agency: NRL. Apogee: 96 km (59 mi).

1957 August 27 - 08:54 GMT - San Nicolas -. Nike Deacon NN7.43F FAILURE: Failure. NRL NN7.43F Solar ultraviolet and x-ray mission Agency: USN. Apogee: 16 km (9 mi).

1957 August 28 - 13:21 GMT - San Nicolas -. Nike Deacon NN7.44F NRL NN7.44F Solar ultraviolet and x-ray mission Agency: USN. Apogee: 96 km (59 mi).

1957 August 29 - 14:12 GMT - San Nicolas -. Nike Deacon NN7.45F/DAN-23 NRL NN7.45F Solar ultraviolet and x-ray mission Agency: USN. Apogee: 113 km (70 mi).

1957 September 12 - 16:20 GMT - San Nicolas -. Nike Deacon NN7.46F FAILURE: Failure. NRL NN7.46F Solar ultraviolet and x-ray mission Agency: USN. Apogee: 3.00 km (1.80 mi).

1957 September 15 - 13:27 GMT - San Nicolas -. Nike Deacon NN7.47F FAILURE: Failure. NRL NN7.47F Solar ultraviolet and x-ray mission Agency: USN. Apogee: 0 km ( mi).

1957 September 18 - 18:42 GMT - San Nicolas -. Nike Deacon NN7.48F FAILURE: Failure. Solar Ultraviolet/Solar X-ray mission Agency: USN. Apogee: 21 km (13 mi).

1957 September 18 - 18:54 GMT - San Nicolas -. Nike Deacon NN7.49F Solar Ultraviolet/Solar X-ray mission Agency: USN. Apogee: 77 km (47 mi).

1958 April 14 - Wallops Island -. D3/D18 model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1958 August 25 - Sea-launched -. Pogo 1 test Agency: USN. Apogee: 30 km (18 mi).

1958 August 25 - Sea-launched -. Pogo 1 test Agency: USN. Apogee: 30 km (18 mi).

1958 August 25 - Sea-launched -. Pogo 1 test Agency: USN. Apogee: 30 km (18 mi).

1958 August 26 - Sea-launched -. Pogo 1 test Agency: USN. Apogee: 30 km (18 mi).

1958 September 8 - Wallops Island -. E15 Model test flight Agency: NACA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1958 November 19 - 20:32 GMT - Tonopah -. RW-104 Aeronomy mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 78 km (48 mi).

1958 November 20 - 02:25 GMT - Tonopah -. RW-105 Aeronomy mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 76 km (47 mi).

1958 November 20 - 08:18 GMT - Tonopah -. RW-106 Aeronomy mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 83 km (51 mi).

1958 November 20 - 14:10 GMT - Tonopah -. RW-107 Aeronomy mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 84 km (52 mi).

1958 December 15 - 21:37 GMT - Tonopah -. RW-108 Aeronomy mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 80 km (49 mi).

1958 December 16 - 03:25 GMT - Tonopah -. RW-109 Aeronomy mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 83 km (51 mi).

1958 December 16 - 08:49 GMT - Tonopah -. RW-110 Aeronomy mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 83 km (51 mi).

1958 December 16 - 14:47 GMT - Tonopah -. RW-111 Aeronomy mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 84 km (52 mi).

1959 January 27 - 20:35 GMT - Tonopah -. RW-112 Aeronomy mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 83 km (51 mi).

1959 January 28 - 07:28 GMT - Tonopah -. RW-114 Aeronomy mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 82 km (50 mi).

1959 March 12 - 18:45 GMT - Tonopah -. RW-118 Aeronomy mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 85 km (52 mi).

1959 March 13 - 00:38 GMT - Tonopah -. RW-119 Aeronomy mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 84 km (52 mi).

1959 March 13 - 07:30 GMT - Tonopah -. RW-120 Aeronomy mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 69 km (42 mi).

1959 March 13 - 12:30 GMT - Tonopah -. RW-121 Aeronomy mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 83 km (51 mi).

1959 April 16 - 11:09 GMT - Tonopah -. RW-122 Aeronomy mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 66 km (41 mi).

1959 April 16 - 17:00 GMT - Tonopah -. RW-123 Aeronomy mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 79 km (49 mi).

1959 April 16 - 23:10 GMT - Tonopah -. RW-124 Aeronomy mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 83 km (51 mi).

1959 April 17 - 05:00 GMT - Tonopah -. RW-125 Aeronomy mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 82 km (50 mi).

1959 May 5 - 08:55 GMT - Tonopah -. RW-126 Aeronomy mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 81 km (50 mi).

1959 May 5 - 23:20 GMT - Tonopah -. RW-127 Aeronomy mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 82 km (50 mi).

1959 June 17 - 17:00 GMT - Tonopah -. RW-128 Aeronomy mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 81 km (50 mi).

1959 June 18 - 01:00 GMT - Tonopah -. RW-129 Aeronomy mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 81 km (50 mi).

1959 June 18 - 07:32 GMT - Tonopah -. RW-130 Aeronomy mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 80 km (49 mi).

1959 June 18 - 13:00 GMT - Tonopah -. RW-131 Aeronomy mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 82 km (50 mi).

1959 July 14 - 21:00 GMT - Tonopah -. RW-132 Aeronomy mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 76 km (47 mi).

1959 July 15 - 09:15 GMT - Tonopah -. RW-134 Aeronomy mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 81 km (50 mi).

1959 July 15 - 15:13 GMT - Tonopah -. RW-135 Aeronomy mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 83 km (51 mi).

1959 July 15 - 15:34 GMT - Tonopah -. RW-133 Aeronomy mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 78 km (48 mi).

1959 August 26 - 13:58 GMT - Tonopah -. RW-137 Aeronomy mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 81 km (50 mi).

1959 August 26 - 19:35 GMT - Tonopah -. RW-138 Aeronomy mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 79 km (49 mi).

1959 August 27 - 02:00 GMT - Tonopah -. RW-139 Aeronomy mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 80 km (49 mi).

1959 August 27 - 06:42 GMT - Tonopah -. RW-140 Aeronomy mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 80 km (49 mi).

1959 September 26 - 07:00 GMT - Tonopah -. RW-141 Aeronomy mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 72 km (44 mi).

1959 September 26 - 13:00 GMT - Tonopah -. RW-143 Aeronomy mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 77 km (47 mi).

1959 September 26 - 20:45 GMT - Tonopah -. RW-144 Aeronomy mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 71 km (44 mi).

1959 November 4 - 01:23 GMT - Tonopah -. RW-146 Aeronomy mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 78 km (48 mi).

1959 November 5 - 01:10 GMT - Tonopah -. RW-147 Aeronomy mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 84 km (52 mi).

1959 November 6 - 01:13 GMT - Tonopah -. RW-148 Aeronomy mission Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 83 km (51 mi).

1960 July 1 - Vandenberg LC-B. Aeronomy mission Agency: AEC. Apogee: 80 km (49 mi).

1960 July 8 - Vandenberg LC-B. Aeronomy mission Agency: AEC. Apogee: 80 km (49 mi).

1960 July 14 - Vandenberg LC-B. Aeronomy mission Agency: AEC. Apogee: 80 km (49 mi).

1961 - Point Mugu -. Target test Agency: USN NMC. Apogee: 25 km (15 mi).

1961 March 27 - Vandenberg LC-B. Aeronomy mission Agency: AEC. Apogee: 80 km (49 mi).

1963 January 23 - Tonopah -. Tracking Flare test Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 90 km (55 mi).

1963 January 23 - Tonopah -. Tracking Flare test Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 90 km (55 mi).

1963 April 30 - Kindley COOP. Aeronomy mission Agency: NASA. Apogee: 90 km (55 mi).

1963 April 30 - Kindley COOP. Aeronomy mission Agency: NASA. Apogee: 90 km (55 mi).

Bibliography:

  • McDowell, Jonathan, Jonathan's Space Home Page (launch records), Harvard University, 1997-present. Web Address when accessed: http://www.planet4589.org/jsr.html.
  • Emme, Eugene M, Aeronautics and Astronautics: An American Chronology of Science and Technology in the Exploration of Space 1915-1960, NASA, 1961. Web Address when accessed: http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/timeline.html.
  • Alway, Peter, Rockets of the World, Saturn Press, Ann Arbor, 1995.
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© Mark Wade, 1997 - 2008 except where otherwise noted.