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The first Russian experiments with rockets in the antiaircraft role were conducted by Russia before World War I. Tests conducted from 1909-1912 at Sestroretska were unsuccessful due to the poor performance of powder rockets of the time. N V Gerasimov (1909-1912), N A Sytenko (1909-1910), I V Volovskiy (1912) and others all conducted tests at this time. Despite the lack of success in Russia, rockets were used as a weapon against hydrogen-filled German dirigibles during the war. Ernst Lehmann, who would later die aboard the Hindenberg, described a rocket attack on his zeppelin LZ-90 in January 1916. He was dropping 3000 kg of bombs at the rail yard at Bar-le-Dieu, France, when enemy rockets forced him to climb to 3260 m altitude.
Korolev's experimental 217 rocket was envisioned to be developed as a SAM.
Maximum range: 6.80 km (4.20 mi). Boost Propulsion: Solid rocket. Maximum speed: 300 kph (180 mph). Engine: 17.5 kg;3.5 sec burn time;PTP propellant.
Gross mass: 120 kg (260 lb).
Height: 2.27 m (7.44 ft).
Span: 2.20 m (7.20 ft).
Thrust: 18.14 kN (4,078 lbf).
Apogee: 3.00 km (1.80 mi).