Parus

Military satellite which provided navigation information and store-dump radio communications to Soviet naval forces and ballistic missile submarines. Experimental flights of equipment components began in 1967, but development was protracted due to the difficulty in developing software that could achieve acceptable positional accuracy levels. Flight trials began in 1974 and the system was finally accepted into military service in 1976.

The overall system was designated Tsiklon-B, replacing the Tsiklon series put into service in the 1960's/ The satellite was designed by Reshetnev; the navigation and control system was by NII Radiopribor (Ivanov, Chief Designer, L I Gusev, Director); with communications systems by MNIIRS MPSS (Nesvist). The Kosmos-3M launch vehicle was used to put individual satellites in orbit. Experimental flights began in 1967 in order to develop a system meeting the required tactical and operational characteristics.

Parus used the basic KAUR-1 bus, consisting of a 2.035 m diameter cylindrical spacecraft body, with solar cells and radiators of the thermostatic temperature regulating system mounted on the exterior. Orientation was by a single-axis magneto-gravitational (gravity gradient boom) passive system. The hermetically sealed compartment had the equipment mounted in cruciform bays, with the chemical batteries protecting the radio and guidance equipment mounted at the center.

The operational satellite constellation consisted of a minimum of six operational satellites, each deployed in one of six planes, spaced 30 degrees apart. Usually one active satellite and one in-space spare was maintained in each plane. Typical lifetime was 18 to 24 months.

The signals were supplemented by the very similar civilian Tsikada system, which was in four planes 45 degrees apart. The satellites transmitted Doppler-shifted VHF transmissions at around 150 and 400 MHz of their position and orbital characteristics. The naval receivers would use this data from several satellites to calculate their position to within 100 m.

Typical orbit: 960 km x 1000 km at 83 degrees inclination. Mass: 825 kg (1,818 lb). Electrical System: Solar cells on exterior. Electric System: 0.20 average kW.

• 1974 December 26 - Cosmos 700 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/1. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 810 kg (1,780 lb). Perigee: 960 km (590 mi). Apogee: 994 km (617 mi). Inclination: 83.00 deg. Period: 104.60 min.
  Military navigation satellite.

• 1975 April 11 - Cosmos 726 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/1. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 810 kg (1,780 lb). Perigee: 952 km (591 mi). Apogee: 991 km (615 mi). Inclination: 83.00 deg. Period: 104.50 min.
  Military navigation satellite.

• 1975 August 14 - Cosmos 755 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/1. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 810 kg (1,780 lb). Perigee: 966 km (600 mi). Apogee: 1,008 km (626 mi). Inclination: 82.90 deg. Period: 104.80 min.
  Military navigation satellite.

• 1975 November 4 - Cosmos 778 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/1. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 810 kg (1,780 lb). Perigee: 968 km (601 mi). Apogee: 1,001 km (621 mi). Inclination: 83.00 deg. Period: 104.80 min.
  Military navigation satellite.

• 1976 January 20 - Cosmos 789 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/1. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 810 kg (1,780 lb). Perigee: 966 km (600 mi). Apogee: 1,013 km (629 mi). Inclination: 83.00 deg. Period: 104.90 min.
  Military navigation satellite.

• 1976 October 29 - Cosmos 864 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/2. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 810 kg (1,780 lb). Perigee: 958 km (595 mi). Apogee: 1,005 km (624 mi). Inclination: 82.90 deg. Period: 104.70 min.
  Military navigation satellite.

• 1976 December 28 - Cosmos 887 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/1. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 810 kg (1,780 lb). Perigee: 947 km (588 mi). Apogee: 1,011 km (628 mi). Inclination: 82.90 deg. Period: 104.70 min.
  Military navigation satellite.

• 1977 February 21 - Cosmos 894 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/1. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 810 kg (1,780 lb). Perigee: 963 km (598 mi). Apogee: 1,010 km (620 mi). Inclination: 82.90 deg. Period: 104.80 min.
  Military navigation satellite.

• 1977 July 13 - Cosmos 928 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/1. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 810 kg (1,780 lb). Perigee: 949 km (589 mi). Apogee: 1,006 km (625 mi). Inclination: 83.00 deg. Period: 104.60 min.
  Military navigation satellite.

• 1977 September 13 - Cosmos 951 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/1. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 810 kg (1,780 lb). Perigee: 962 km (597 mi). Apogee: 1,010 km (620 mi). Inclination: 83.00 deg. Period: 104.80 min.
  Military navigation satellite.

• 1977 December 23 - Cosmos 971 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/1. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 810 kg (1,780 lb). Perigee: 975 km (605 mi). Apogee: 1,004 km (623 mi). Inclination: 82.90 deg. Period: 104.90 min.
  Military navigation satellite.

• 1978 January 17 - Cosmos 985 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/1. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 810 kg (1,780 lb). Perigee: 938 km (582 mi). Apogee: 1,015 km (630 mi). Inclination: 82.90 deg. Period: 104.60 min.
  Military navigation satellite.

• 1978 February 28 - Cosmos 991 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/2. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 810 kg (1,780 lb). Perigee: 952 km (591 mi). Apogee: 1,004 km (623 mi). Inclination: 83.00 deg. Period: 104.70 min.
  Military navigation satellite.

• 1978 March 28 - Cosmos 996 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/1. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 810 kg (1,780 lb). Perigee: 949 km (589 mi). Apogee: 1,006 km (625 mi). Inclination: 82.90 deg. Period: 104.60 min.
  Military navigation satellite.

• 1978 May 23 - Cosmos 1011 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/1. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 810 kg (1,780 lb). Perigee: 956 km (594 mi). Apogee: 1,008 km (626 mi). Inclination: 82.90 deg. Period: 104.70 min.
  Military navigation satellite.

• 1978 December 20 - Cosmos 1064 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/1. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 1,025 kg (2,259 lb). Perigee: 333 km (206 mi). Apogee: 467 km (290 mi). Inclination: 82.90 deg. Period: 92.60 min.
  Probable failure. Military navigation satellite.

• 1979 January 16 - Cosmos 1072 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/1. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 810 kg (1,780 lb). Perigee: 960 km (590 mi). Apogee: 1,012 km (628 mi). Inclination: 82.90 deg. Period: 104.80 min.
  Military navigation satellite.

• 1979 March 21 - Cosmos 1089 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/2. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 810 kg (1,780 lb). Perigee: 966 km (600 mi). Apogee: 999 km (620 mi). Inclination: 83.00 deg. Period: 104.70 min.
  Military navigation satellite.

• 1979 April 7 - Cosmos 1091 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/1. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 810 kg (1,780 lb). Perigee: 960 km (590 mi). Apogee: 1,008 km (626 mi). Inclination: 82.90 deg. Period: 104.80 min.
  Military navigation satellite.

• 1979 May 31 - Cosmos 1104 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/1. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 810 kg (1,780 lb). Perigee: 956 km (594 mi). Apogee: 1,005 km (624 mi). Inclination: 83.00 deg. Period: 104.70 min.
  Military navigation satellite.

• 1979 October 16 - Cosmos 1141 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/2. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 810 kg (1,780 lb). Perigee: 954 km (592 mi). Apogee: 998 km (620 mi). Inclination: 83.00 deg. Period: 104.60 min.
  Military navigation satellite.

• 1980 January 14 - Cosmos 1150 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/2. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 810 kg (1,780 lb). Perigee: 964 km (599 mi). Apogee: 1,012 km (628 mi). Inclination: 83.00 deg. Period: 104.90 min.
  Military navigation satellite.

• 1980 January 25 - Cosmos 1153 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/2. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 810 kg (1,780 lb). Perigee: 961 km (597 mi). Apogee: 1,014 km (630 mi). Inclination: 82.90 deg. Period: 104.90 min.
  Military navigation satellite.

• 1980 May 20 - Cosmos 1181 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/2. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 810 kg (1,780 lb). Perigee: 969 km (602 mi). Apogee: 1,004 km (623 mi). Inclination: 82.90 deg. Period: 104.80 min.
  Military navigation satellite.

• 1980 December 5 - Cosmos 1225 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/1. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 810 kg (1,780 lb). Perigee: 945 km (587 mi). Apogee: 1,025 km (636 mi). Inclination: 82.90 deg. Period: 104.80 min.
  Military navigation satellite.

• 1981 February 12 - Cosmos 1244 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/1. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 810 kg (1,780 lb). Perigee: 960 km (590 mi). Apogee: 1,006 km (625 mi). Inclination: 83.00 deg. Period: 104.80 min.
  Military navigation satellite. Replaced Cosmos 1104.

• 1981 June 4 - Cosmos 1275 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/2. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 810 kg (1,780 lb). Perigee: 954 km (592 mi). Apogee: 1,005 km (624 mi). Inclination: 83.00 deg. Period: 104.70 min.
  Military navigation satellite. Replaced Cosmos 1141.

• 1981 August 12 - Cosmos 1295 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/2. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 700 kg (1,540 lb). Perigee: 947 km (588 mi). Apogee: 1,009 km (626 mi). Inclination: 82.90 deg. Period: 104.70 min.
  Military navigation satellite. Replaced Cosmos 1181.

• 1981 September 18 - Cosmos 1308 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/1. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 700 kg (1,540 lb). Perigee: 960 km (590 mi). Apogee: 1,003 km (623 mi). Inclination: 82.90 deg. Period: 104.70 min.
  Military navigation satellite. Replaced Cosmos 1275.

• 1982 January 14 - Cosmos 1333 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/2. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 810 kg (1,780 lb). Perigee: 964 km (599 mi). Apogee: 1,014 km (630 mi). Inclination: 82.90 deg. Period: 104.90 min.
  Military navigation satellite. Replaced Cosmos 1150.

• 1982 March 24 - Cosmos 1344 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/1. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 810 kg (1,780 lb). Perigee: 967 km (600 mi). Apogee: 1,007 km (625 mi). Inclination: 82.90 deg. Period: 104.80 min.
  Military navigation satellite. Replaced Cosmos 1244.

• 1982 April 8 - Cosmos 1349 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/2. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 810 kg (1,780 lb). Perigee: 966 km (600 mi). Apogee: 1,009 km (626 mi). Inclination: 82.90 deg. Period: 104.80 min.
  Military navigation satellite. Replaced Cosmos 1153.

• 1982 June 18 - Cosmos 1380 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/2. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 810 kg (1,780 lb). Perigee: 137 km (85 mi). Apogee: 721 km (448 mi). Inclination: 82.90 deg. Period: 93.20 min.
  Upper stage failure. Was to have replaced Cosmos 1225.

• 1982 July 7 - Cosmos 1386 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/1. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 810 kg (1,780 lb). Perigee: 948 km (589 mi). Apogee: 1,008 km (626 mi). Inclination: 83.00 deg. Period: 104.70 min.
  Military navigation satellite. Replaced Cosmos 1225.

• 1982 October 19 - Cosmos 1417 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/1. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 810 kg (1,780 lb). Perigee: 956 km (594 mi). Apogee: 1,009 km (626 mi). Inclination: 83.00 deg. Period: 104.70 min.
  Military navigation satellite. Replaced Cosmos 1308.

• 1983 January 12 - Cosmos 1428 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/2. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 810 kg (1,780 lb). Perigee: 952 km (591 mi). Apogee: 1,001 km (621 mi). Inclination: 82.90 deg. Period: 104.60 min.
  Military navigation satellite. Replaced Cosmos 1333.

• 1983 March 30 - Cosmos 1448 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/1. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 810 kg (1,780 lb). Perigee: 957 km (594 mi). Apogee: 1,003 km (623 mi). Inclination: 83.00 deg. Period: 104.70 min.
  Military navigation satellite. Replaced Cosmos 1344.

• 1983 May 6 - Cosmos 1459 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/1. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 810 kg (1,780 lb). Perigee: 941 km (584 mi). Apogee: 1,014 km (630 mi). Inclination: 83.00 deg. Period: 104.60 min.
  Military navigation satellite. Replaced Cosmos 1349.

• 1983 May 24 - Cosmos 1464 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/1. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 810 kg (1,780 lb). Perigee: 964 km (599 mi). Apogee: 1,006 km (625 mi). Inclination: 83.00 deg. Period: 104.80 min.
  Military navigation satellite. Replaced Cosmos 1295.

• 1983 December 8 - Cosmos 1513 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/2. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 810 kg (1,780 lb). Perigee: 957 km (594 mi). Apogee: 1,014 km (630 mi). Inclination: 82.90 deg. Period: 104.80 min.
  Military navigation satellite. Replaced Cosmos 1417.

• 1984 January 11 - Cosmos 1531 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/2. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 810 kg (1,780 lb). Perigee: 980 km (600 mi). Apogee: 1,006 km (625 mi). Inclination: 82.90 deg. Period: 105.00 min.
  Military navigation satellite. Replaced Cosmos 1386.

• 1984 February 2 - Cosmos 1535 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/1. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 810 kg (1,780 lb). Perigee: 953 km (592 mi). Apogee: 1,013 km (629 mi). Inclination: 83.00 deg. Period: 104.80 min.
  Military navigation satellite. Replaced Cosmos 1428.

• 1984 May 11 - Cosmos 1550 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/1. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 810 kg (1,780 lb). Perigee: 973 km (604 mi). Apogee: 1,009 km (626 mi). Inclination: 83.00 deg. Period: 104.90 min.
  Military navigation satellite. Replaced Csmos 1535.

• 1984 June 27 - Cosmos 1577 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/2. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 810 kg (1,780 lb). Perigee: 956 km (594 mi). Apogee: 1,007 km (625 mi). Inclination: 83.00 deg. Period: 104.70 min.
  Military navigation satellite. Replaced Cosmos 1464.

• 1984 September 13 - Cosmos 1598 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/1. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 810 kg (1,780 lb). Perigee: 967 km (600 mi). Apogee: 1,013 km (629 mi). Inclination: 82.90 deg. Period: 104.90 min.
  Military navigation satellite. Replaced Cosmos 1550.

• 1984 October 11 - Cosmos 1605 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/2. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 810 kg (1,780 lb). Perigee: 949 km (589 mi). Apogee: 1,015 km (630 mi). Inclination: 82.90 deg. Period: 104.70 min.
  Military navigation satellite. Replaced Cosmos 1459.

• 1984 November 15 - Cosmos 1610 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/1. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 810 kg (1,780 lb). Perigee: 963 km (598 mi). Apogee: 1,012 km (628 mi). Inclination: 83.00 deg. Period: 104.90 min.
  Military navigation satellite. Replaced Cosmos 1531.

• 1985 February 1 - Cosmos 1627 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/2. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 810 kg (1,780 lb). Perigee: 955 km (593 mi). Apogee: 1,015 km (630 mi). Inclination: 82.90 deg. Period: 104.80 min.
  Military navigation satellite. Replaced Cosmos 1448.

• 1985 March 14 - Cosmos 1634 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/2. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 810 kg (1,780 lb). Perigee: 957 km (594 mi). Apogee: 1,009 km (626 mi). Inclination: 82.90 deg. Period: 104.80 min.
  Military navigation satellite. Replaced Cosmos 1513.

• 1985 October 23 - Parus - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC133/3. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. FAILURE: Launch vehicle failed to orbit - unknown cause.
  

• 1985 November 28 - Cosmos 1704 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC133/3. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 810 kg (1,780 lb). Perigee: 962 km (597 mi). Apogee: 1,007 km (625 mi). Inclination: 82.90 deg. Period: 104.80 min.
  Military navigation satellite. Replaced Cosmos 1598.

• 1985 December 19 - Cosmos 1709 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/1. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 810 kg (1,780 lb). Perigee: 958 km (595 mi). Apogee: 1,012 km (628 mi). Inclination: 82.90 deg. Period: 104.80 min.
  Military navigation satellite. Replaced Cosmos 1610.

• 1986 January 16 - Cosmos 1725 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/1. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 810 kg (1,780 lb). Perigee: 967 km (600 mi). Apogee: 1,002 km (622 mi). Inclination: 82.90 deg. Period: 104.80 min.
  Military navigation satellite. Replaced Cosmos 1577.

• 1986 May 23 - Cosmos 1745 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/1. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 810 kg (1,780 lb). Perigee: 962 km (597 mi). Apogee: 1,010 km (620 mi). Inclination: 83.00 deg. Period: 104.80 min.
  Military navigation satellite. Replaced Cosmos 1627.

• 1986 June 18 - Cosmos 1759 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/1. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 810 kg (1,780 lb). Perigee: 965 km (599 mi). Apogee: 1,001 km (621 mi). Inclination: 82.90 deg. Period: 104.80 min.
  Military navigation satellite. Replaced Cosmos 1634.

• 1986 November 24 - Cosmos 1802 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/2. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 810 kg (1,780 lb). Perigee: 960 km (590 mi). Apogee: 1,022 km (635 mi). Inclination: 82.90 deg. Period: 104.90 min.
  Military navigation satellite. Replaced Cosmos 1605.

• 1986 December 17 - Cosmos 1808 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/1. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 810 kg (1,780 lb). Perigee: 969 km (602 mi). Apogee: 1,019 km (633 mi). Inclination: 82.90 deg. Period: 105.00 min.
  Military navigation satellite. Replaced Cosmos 1704, Cosmos 1598.

• 1987 February 18 - Cosmos 1821 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/2. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 810 kg (1,780 lb). Perigee: 960 km (590 mi). Apogee: 1,014 km (630 mi). Inclination: 82.90 deg. Period: 104.90 min.
  Military navigation satellite.

• 1987 July 6 - Cosmos 1864 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/2. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 810 kg (1,780 lb). Perigee: 957 km (594 mi). Apogee: 1,005 km (624 mi). Inclination: 82.90 deg. Period: 104.70 min.
  Military navigation satellite.

• 1987 October 14 - Cosmos 1891 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC133/3. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 810 kg (1,780 lb). Perigee: 950 km (590 mi). Apogee: 1,026 km (637 mi). Inclination: 82.90 deg. Period: 104.90 min.
  Military navigation satellite.

• 1987 December 23 - Cosmos 1904 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC133/3. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 810 kg (1,780 lb). Perigee: 967 km (600 mi). Apogee: 1,005 km (624 mi). Inclination: 82.90 deg. Period: 104.80 min.
  Military navigation satellite.

• 1988 March 22 - Cosmos 1934 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/1. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 700 kg (1,540 lb). Perigee: 947 km (588 mi). Apogee: 1,009 km (626 mi). Inclination: 83.00 deg. Period: 104.60 min.
  Military navigation satellite.

• 1988 July 18 - Cosmos 1959 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC133/3. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 700 kg (1,540 lb). Perigee: 953 km (592 mi). Apogee: 1,006 km (625 mi). Inclination: 83.00 deg. Period: 104.70 min.
  Military navigation satellite.

• 1989 February 22 - Cosmos 2004 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/2. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 825 kg (1,818 lb). Perigee: 970 km (600 mi). Apogee: 1,017 km (631 mi). Inclination: 83.00 deg. Period: 105.00 min.
  Military navigation satellite.

• 1989 April 4 - Cosmos 2016 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/2. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 825 kg (1,818 lb). Perigee: 953 km (592 mi). Apogee: 1,013 km (629 mi). Inclination: 83.00 deg. Period: 104.80 min.
  Military navigation satellite.

• 1989 June 7 - Cosmos 2026 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/2. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 825 kg (1,818 lb). Perigee: 951 km (590 mi). Apogee: 1,008 km (626 mi). Inclination: 82.90 deg. Period: 104.70 min.
  Military navigation satellite.

• 1989 July 25 - Cosmos 2034 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC133/3. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 825 kg (1,818 lb). Perigee: 964 km (599 mi). Apogee: 1,013 km (629 mi). Inclination: 82.90 deg. Period: 104.90 min.
  Military navigation satellite.

• 1990 March 20 - Cosmos 2061 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC133/3. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 825 kg (1,818 lb). Perigee: 969 km (602 mi). Apogee: 1,017 km (631 mi). Inclination: 82.90 deg. Period: 105.00 min.
  Military navigation satellite.

• 1990 April 20 - Cosmos 2074 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC133/3. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 825 kg (1,818 lb). Perigee: 963 km (598 mi). Apogee: 1,005 km (624 mi). Inclination: 82.90 deg. Period: 104.80 min.
  Military navigation satellite. Positioned in plane 2 of constellation.

• 1990 September 14 - Cosmos 2100 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC133/3. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 810 kg (1,780 lb). Perigee: 958 km (595 mi). Apogee: 1,012 km (628 mi). Inclination: 82.90 deg. Period: 104.80 min.
  Military navigation satellite.

• 1991 February 26 - Cosmos 2135 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC133/3. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 810 kg (1,780 lb). Perigee: 923 km (573 mi). Apogee: 1,018 km (632 mi). Inclination: 82.80 deg. Period: 104.50 min.
  Military navigation satellite. Replaced by Cosmos 2195. Reactivated in August 1993 after Cosmos 2195 failed.

• 1991 April 16 - Cosmos 2142 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/1. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 810 kg (1,780 lb). Perigee: 960 km (590 mi). Apogee: 1,019 km (633 mi). Inclination: 83.00 deg. Period: 104.90 min.
  Military navigation satellite. Positioned in plane 5 of constellation. Signals at 150.03 and 400.07 MHz.

• 1991 August 22 - Cosmos 2154 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/1. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 825 kg (1,818 lb). Perigee: 969 km (602 mi). Apogee: 1,008 km (626 mi). Inclination: 82.90 deg. Period: 104.90 min.
  Military navigation satellite.

• 1991 November 27 - Cosmos 2173 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC133/3. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 825 kg (1,818 lb). Perigee: 946 km (587 mi). Apogee: 1,017 km (631 mi). Inclination: 83.00 deg. Period: 104.70 min.
  Military navigation satellite. Positioned in plane 4 of constellation.

• 1992 February 17 - Cosmos 2180 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC133/3. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 825 kg (1,818 lb). Perigee: 960 km (590 mi). Apogee: 1,014 km (630 mi). Inclination: 82.90 deg. Period: 104.90 min.
  Military navigation satellite. Positioned in plane 6 of constellation.

• 1992 April 15 - Cosmos 2184 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/1. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 825 kg (1,818 lb). Perigee: 965 km (599 mi). Apogee: 1,014 km (630 mi). Inclination: 82.90 deg. Period: 104.90 min.
  Military navigation satellite. Positioned in plane 2 of constellation.

• 1992 July 1 - Cosmos 2195 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC133/3. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 825 kg (1,818 lb). Perigee: 956 km (594 mi). Apogee: 1,010 km (620 mi). Inclination: 82.90 deg. Period: 104.80 min.
  Military navigation satellite. Positioned in plane 1 of constellation. Replaced Cosmos 2135. Failed after 12 months in orbit.

• 1992 October 29 - Cosmos 2218 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC133/3. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 825 kg (1,818 lb). Perigee: 967 km (600 mi). Apogee: 1,014 km (630 mi). Inclination: 82.90 deg. Period: 104.90 min.
  Military navigation satellite. Positioned in plane 3 of constellation.

• 1993 February 9 - Cosmos 2233 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC133/3. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 825 kg (1,818 lb). Perigee: 951 km (590 mi). Apogee: 1,010 km (620 mi). Inclination: 82.90 deg. Period: 104.70 min.
  Military navigation satellite. Positioned in plane 5 of constellation. Replaced Cosmos 2142.

• 1993 April 1 - Cosmos 2239 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC133/3. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 825 kg (1,818 lb). Perigee: 966 km (600 mi). Apogee: 997 km (619 mi). Inclination: 82.90 deg. Period: 104.70 min.
  Military navigation satellite. Positioned in plane 4 of constellation. Replaced Cosmos 2173.

• 1993 November 2 - Cosmos 2266 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/1. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 825 kg (1,818 lb). Perigee: 947 km (588 mi). Apogee: 1,020 km (630 mi). Inclination: 83.00 deg. Period: 104.80 min.
  Military navigation satellite. Positioned in plane 1 of constellation. Signals at 149.97 and 399.92 MHz.

• 1994 April 26 - Cosmos 2279 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC133/3. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 825 kg (1,818 lb). Perigee: 956 km (594 mi). Apogee: 1,007 km (625 mi). Inclination: 83.00 deg. Period: 104.70 min.
  Military navigation satellite. Positioned in plane 6 of constellation.

• 1995 March 22 - Cosmos 2310 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/1. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 825 kg (1,818 lb). Perigee: 980 km (600 mi). Apogee: 1,010 km (620 mi). Inclination: 82.90 deg. Period: 105.00 min.
  Military navigation satellite. Positioned in plane 2 of constellation.

• 1995 October 6 - Cosmos 2321 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/1. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 825 kg (1,818 lb). Perigee: 256 km (159 mi). Apogee: 754 km (468 mi). Inclination: 82.90 deg. Period: 87.10 min.
  Second stage anomaly; failed to reach desired orbit; military navigation.

• 1996 January 16 - Cosmos 2327 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/1. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 825 kg (1,818 lb). Perigee: 950 km (590 mi). Apogee: 1,020 km (630 mi). Inclination: 83.00 deg. Period: 104.80 min.
  Military navigation satellite. Positioned in plane 1 of constellation.

• 1996 September 5 - Cosmos 2334 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/1. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 825 kg (1,818 lb). Perigee: 966 km (600 mi). Apogee: 1,011 km (628 mi). Inclination: 82.90 deg. Period: 104.90 min.
  Military navigation satellite. Positioned in plane 1 of constellation. Signals at 150.03 MHz and 400.08 MHz.

• 1996 December 20 - Cosmos 2336 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/1. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 825 kg (1,818 lb). Perigee: 979 km (608 mi). Apogee: 1,012 km (628 mi). Inclination: 82.90 deg. Period: 105.00 min.
  Military navigation satellite. Positioned in plane 4 of constellation. Signals at 149.97 and 399.92 MHz.

• 1997 April 17 - Cosmos 2341 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/1. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 825 kg (1,818 lb). Perigee: 977 km (607 mi). Apogee: 1,014 km (630 mi). Inclination: 82.90 deg. Period: 105.00 min.
  Military navigation satellite. Positioned in plane 2 of constellation. Signals at 149.91 and 399.76 MHz.

• 1997 September 23 - Cosmos 2346 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/1. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 825 kg (1,818 lb). Perigee: 937 km (582 mi). Apogee: 997 km (619 mi). Inclination: 82.90 deg. Period: 104.40 min.
  Military navigation satellite.

• 1998 December 24 - Cosmos 2361 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/1. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 825 kg (1,818 lb). Perigee: 969 km (602 mi). Apogee: 1,013 km (629 mi). Inclination: 82.90 deg.
  A Parus navigation satellite in the same orbital plane as Cosmos 2233.

• 1999 August 26 - Cosmos 2366 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/1. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 825 kg (1,818 lb). Perigee: 963 km (598 mi). Apogee: 1,007 km (625 mi). Inclination: 82.90 deg. Period: 104.80 min.
  

• 2001 June 8 - Cosmos 2378 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/1. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 825 kg (1,818 lb). Perigee: 963 km (598 mi). Apogee: 1,010 km (620 mi). Inclination: 82.90 deg.
  Launch delayed from April 26/27. Parus class navigation satellite, placed initially in a 150 x 1000 km transfer orbit; the second stage of the Kosmos-3M ignited again for a short 11 second burn to put the satellite in its final orbit. This was the first Kosmos-3M flight since a failure in November 2000.

• 2002 May 28 - Cosmos 2389 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/1. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 825 kg (1,818 lb). Perigee: 949 km (589 mi). Apogee: 1,017 km (631 mi). Inclination: 83.00 deg. Period: 104.80 min.
  The Kosmos-3M rocket entered a transfer orbit of about 150 x 1000 km x 83 deg at about 1823 UTC; a second burn at apogee around 1905 UTC circularized the orbit at 950 x 1016 km. The Parus navigation satellite was placed in Plane 4, probably replacing Cosmos 2336; it was between the planes of Cosmos 2366 and Cosmos 2361.

• 2003 June 4 - Cosmos 2398 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/1. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 820 kg (1,800 lb). Perigee: 970 km (600 mi). Apogee: 1,016 km (631 mi). Inclination: 83.00 deg. Period: 105.00 min.
  

• 2004 July 22 - Cosmos 2407 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/1. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 820 kg (1,800 lb). Perigee: 951 km (590 mi). Apogee: 1,007 km (625 mi). Inclination: 83.00 deg. Period: 104.70 min.
  

• 2005 January 20 - Cosmos 2414 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/1. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Mass: 820 kg (1,800 lb). Perigee: 908 km (564 mi). Apogee: 968 km (601 mi). Inclination: 83.00 deg. Period: 103.80 min.
  Military navigation satellite. Positioned in plane 4 of constellation, replacement for Cosmos 2239?

• 2005 June 21 - Cosmos 1 - Launch Site: Barents Sea Launch Area. Launch Complex: -. Launch Vehicle: R-29. FAILURE: Failure. Mass: 103 kg (227 lb).
  Launched from SSBN Borisoglebsk. First orbital flight attempt of converted SLBM. Payload was solar sail demonstrator. Delayed from late 2001; March 20 and October 2002; late March, August 28 and October, 2003; February, March, April 6, May 20 and 31, 2005.

• 2007 September 11 - Cosmos 2429 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/1. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Perigee: 956 km (594 mi). Apogee: 999 km (620 mi). Inclination: 83.00 deg. Period: 104.60 min.
  Military navigation satellite. Replenishment launch for Russian navigation satellite constellation. Six satellites were needed to maintain minimum operational capability.