 | Luna 10 / E-6S
Credit - NASA
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Manufacturer's Designation: E-6LF. Class: Planetary. Type: Lunar Orbiter. Destination: Moon. Nation: Russia. Agency: MOM. Manufacturer: Korolev. Lunar Orbiter. The objectives of the spacecraft included the study of: (1) lunar gamma- and X-ray emissions in order to determine the Moon's chemical composition; (2) lunar gravitational anomalies; (3) the concentration of meteorite streams near the Moon; (4) the intensity of hard corpuscular radiation near the Moon. The spacecraft could also be equipped with a television system that obtained and transmitted photographs of the lunar surface. The photographs contained 1100 scan lines with a maximum resolution of 14.9--19.8 m.
Mass: 1,629 kg (3,591 lb). Main Engine: KTDU-5A.
Luna E-6LF Chronology - 1966 August 24 - Luna 11 - Program: Luna. Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: LC31. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz. Mass: 1,638 kg (3,611 lb).
Automatic station Luna 11. Further development of artificial lunar satellite systems and conduct of scientific experiments in circumlunar space. Lunar orbit 160 km x 1200 km x 27 degrees. Luna 11 was launched towards the Moon from an earth-orbiting platform and entered lunar orbit on August 28, 1966. The objectives of the mission included the study of: (1) lunar gamma- and X-ray emissions in order to determine the Moon's chemical composition; (2) lunar gravitational anomalies; (3) the concentration of meteorite streams near the Moon; and, (4) the intensity of hard corpuscular radiation near the Moon. A total of 137 radio transmissions and 277 orbits of the Moon were completed before the batteries failed on October 1, 1966.
- 1966 October 22 - Luna 12 - Program: Luna. Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: LC31. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz. Mass: 1,620 kg (3,570 lb).
Lunar Orbiter, further development of artificial lunar satellite systems and conduct of scientific experiments in circumlunar space. Luna 12 was launched towards the Moon from an earth-orbiting platform and achieved a lunar orbit of of 100 km x 1740 km on October 25, 1966. The spacecraft was equipped with a television system that obtained and transmitted photographs of the lunar surface. The photographs contained 1100 scan lines with a maximum resolution of 14.9--19.8 m. Pictures of the lunar surface were returned on October 27, 1966. The number of photographs is not known. Radio transmissions from Luna 12 ceased on January 19, 1967, after 602 lunar orbits and 302 radio transmissions.
Bibliography:- McDowell, Jonathan, Jonathan's Space Home Page (launch records), Harvard University, 1997-present. Web Address when accessed: http://www.planet4589.org/jsr.html.
- JPL Mission and Spacecraft Library, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, 1997. Web Address when accessed: http://msl.jpl.nasa.gov/home.html.
- Varfolomyev, Timothy, Spaceflight, "Soviet Rocketry that Conquered Space - Part 5", 1998, Volume 40, page 85.
- National Space Science Center Planetary Page, As of 19 February 1999.. Web Address when accessed: http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/planetary_home.html.
- NASA Report, Luna-12 Transmits /TASS Communique, Web Address when accessed: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19670003888_1967003888.pdf.
- NASA Report, Luna-12 transmits photographs , Web Address when accessed: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19670081712_1967081712.pdf.
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© Mark Wade, 1997 - 2008 except where otherwise noted.
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