Chronology - Quarter 3 1994

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Previous Home Next 1994 July 1 - Air Force Space Command gained Malmstrom AFB, Montana. Nation: USA. References: 569. 1994 July - Comet Shoemaker-Levy crashes into Jupiter Nation: USA. Spacecraft: Galileo. Galileo was also the only vehicle in a position to obtain images of the far side of Jupiter when more than 20 fragments of Comet Shoemaker-Levy plunged into Jupiter's atmosphere. 1994 Q3 - Launch Site: Hama-Allepo. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: R-17. Model: Hwasong 6. LV Configuration: Hwasong 6 Scud C. Test mission Nation: Syria. Agency: SYRIA. Apogee: 200 km (120 mi). References: 2. 1994 July 1 - 12:24 GMT - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: LC1. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz. Model: Soyuz 11A511U2. Soyuz TM-19 Nation: Russia. Program: Mir. Payload: Soyuz TM 11F732 s/n 68. Mass: 7,150 kg (15,760 lb). Class: Manned. Type: Spacecraft. Spacecraft: Soyuz TM. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 396 km (246 mi). Apogee: 397 km (246 mi). Inclination: 51.60 deg. Period: 92.49 min. COSPAR: 1994-036A. USAF Sat Cat: 23139. Duration: 125.95 days. Decay Date: 1994-11-04. Crew: Malenchenko, Musabayev. Flight: Mir EO-16, Mir EO-15, Mir LD-4. Mir Expedition EO-16. Soyuz TM-19 docked at the rear port of the Kvant module (vacated by Progress M-23 on July 2) at 13:55:01 GMT on July 3. References: 2, 6,51. 1994 July 3 - 08:00 GMT - Launch Site: Jiuquan. Launch Complex: LA2B. Launch Pad: LA2B?. Launch Vehicle: CZ. Model: CZ-2D. LV Configuration: Chang Zheng 2D CZ2D-2 (33). FSW-2 No. 2 Nation: China. Payload: FSW-2 No. 02. Mass: 2,600 kg (5,700 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: FSW. Agency: CASC. Perigee: 207 km (128 mi). Apogee: 350 km (210 mi). Inclination: 62.90 deg. Period: 90.08 min. COSPAR: 1994-037A. USAF Sat Cat: 23145. Duration: 15.00 days. Decay Date: 1994-09-13. The second Fanhui Shi Weixing FSW-2 was launched on 3 July 1994 into an orbit of 173 km by 343 km at an inclination of 63.0 deg. The spacecraft remained in orbit for 15 days, making four small manoeuvres before successfully returning to Earth. The payload included Earth observation systems, a biological experiment, and microgravity research instruments. The retrievable capsule was recovered in China on July 18 References: 2, 6. 1994 July 5 - As part of the drawdown of US ICBM forces, 44th Missile Wing inactivated at Ellsworth AFB, South Dakota. Nation: USA. References: 569. 1994 July 6 - Launch Site: Vandenberg. Launch Complex: LF09. Launch Pad: LF09?. Launch Vehicle: Minuteman 3. FOT GT156GM Follow-on Test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USAF AFSPC. Apogee: 1,300 km (800 mi). References: 2. 1994 July 6 - 23:58 GMT - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: LC81/23. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Proton. Model: Proton-K/DM-2. LV Configuration: Proton-K/DM-2 365-02. Cosmos 2282 Nation: Russia. Payload: SPRN Generation 2 No. 3. Mass: 2,500 kg (5,500 lb). Class: Early Warning. Spacecraft: Prognoz SPRN. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 35,754 km (22,216 mi). Apogee: 35,817 km (22,255 mi). Inclination: 1.86 deg. Period: 1,436.06 min. COSPAR: 1994-038A. USAF Sat Cat: 23168. Completed Operations Date: 1995-10-01. Geosynchronous ballistic missile early warning satellite. Positioned in geosynchronous orbit at 24 deg W in 1994-1995 As of 5 September 2001 located at 170.85 deg W drifting at 0.127 deg W per day. As of 2007 Mar 10 located at 58.90W drifting at 0.281E degrees per day. References: 2, 6, 67, 107, 274. 1994 July 8 - Launch Site: Wallops Island. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Sergeant. Model: Sounding Rocket. MSTI-2 Target Target mission Nation: USA. Agency: BMDO. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi). References: 2. 1994 July 8 - 16:43 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC39A. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Shuttle. LV Configuration: Space Shuttle STS-65. STS-65 Nation: USA. Program: STS. Payload: Columbia F17 / EDO. Mass: 10,811 kg (23,834 lb). Class: Manned. Type: Spaceplane. Spacecraft: Columbia. Agency: NASA JSC. Perigee: 257 km (159 mi). Apogee: 257 km (159 mi). Inclination: 28.45 deg. COSPAR: 1994-039A. USAF Sat Cat: 23173. Duration: 14.75 days. Decay Date: 1994-07-23. Crew: Cabana, Chiao, Halsell, Hieb, Mukai, Thomas, Walz. Flight: STS-65. Carried IML-2; microgravity, biology experiments. Payloads: International Microgravity Laboratory (IML) 2, Orbital Acceleration Research Experiment (OARE), Commercial Protein Crystal Growth (CPCG), Air Force Maui Optical Site (AMOS), Military Applications of Ship Tracks (MAST), Shuttle Amateur Radio Experiment (SAREX). References: 2, 6, 7. Spacelab IML 2 Nation: USA. Program: Spacelab. Payload: Spacelab Long Module. Class: Manned. Type: Spacelab. Spacecraft: Spacelab. Agency: NASA. COSPAR: 1994-039xx. USAF Sat Cat: 23173. Decay Date: 1994-07-23. References: 2, 279. EDO Nation: USA. Program: STS. Agency: NASA. COSPAR: 1994-039xx. USAF Sat Cat: 23173. Decay Date: 1994-07-23. References: 2, 279. 1994 July 8 - 23:05 GMT - Launch Site: Kourou. Launch Complex: ELA2. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Ariane. Model: Ariane 44L. LV Configuration: Ariane 44L+ V65. Panamsat 2 Nation: USA. Program: Panamsat. Payload: PAS K1. Mass: 2,290 kg (5,040 lb). Class: Communications. Spacecraft: HS 601. Agency: Panamsat. Perigee: 35,772 km (22,227 mi). Apogee: 35,799 km (22,244 mi). Inclination: 0.0400 deg. Period: 1,436.07 min. COSPAR: 1994-040A. USAF Sat Cat: 23175. Stationed at 168.97 deg E. Positioned in geosynchronous orbit at 169 deg E in 1994-1999 As of 1 September 2001 located at 169.03 deg E drifting at 0.002 deg W per day. As of 2007 Mar 8 located at 168.96E drifting at 0.005W degrees per day. References: 2, 6. Yuri 3N Nation: Japan. Program: BS. Payload: BS-3N. Mass: 1,210 kg (2,660 lb). Class: Communications. Spacecraft: AS 3000. Manufacturer: Lockheed Martin. Agency: NHK. Perigee: 35,777 km (22,230 mi). Apogee: 35,797 km (22,243 mi). Inclination: 0.0500 deg. Period: 1,436.15 min. COSPAR: 1994-040B. USAF Sat Cat: 23176. Stationed at 109.67 deg E. Positioned in geosynchronous orbit at 109 deg E in 1994-1999 As of 5 September 2001 located at 109.71 deg E drifting at 0.013 deg W per day. As of 2007 Mar 11 located at 109.92E drifting at 0.008W degrees per day. References: 2, 6. 1994 July 9 - Landing of Soyuz TM-18 Nation: Russia. Program: Mir. Flight: Mir EO-16, Mir EO-15, Mir LD-4. Soyuz TM-18 landed at 10:32 GMT, 110 km north of Arkalyk in Kazakhstan, with the crew of Afanasyev and Usachyov aboard. 1994 July 11 - Clark satellite contract Nation: USA. Spacecraft: Clark. Clark was selected in the NASA SSTI (Small Spacecraft Technology Initiative) program, along with Lewis, to demonstrate advanced spacecraft technologies. 1994 July 11 - Contract for Lewis satellite issued. Nation: USA. Spacecraft: Lewis. Lewis was selected in the NASA SSTI (Small Spacecraft Technology Initiative) program, along with Clark, to demonstrate advanced spacecraft technologies. 1994 July 14 - 05:13 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC133/3. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Model: Kosmos 11K65M. Nadezhda 4 Nation: Russia. Payload: Tsikada-Kospas. Mass: 825 kg (1,818 lb). Class: Navigation. Spacecraft: Nadezhda. Agency: MO RF. Perigee: 951 km (590 mi). Apogee: 1,007 km (625 mi). Inclination: 82.94 deg. Period: 104.68 min. COSPAR: 1994-041A. USAF Sat Cat: 23179. Carried COSPAS/SARSAT search and rescue package. Civilian navigation satellite. Positioned in plane 14 of constellation. Maritime navigation. Signals at 150,00 MHz and 400.00 MHz. References: 2, 6. 1994 July 16 - Comet Shoemaker-Levy 9 Impacts on Jupiter Spacecraft: Galileo. 1994 July 16 - 00:23 GMT - Launch Site: Wallops Island. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Hawk. Model: Nike Orion. LV Configuration: Nike Orion NASA 31.086UE. Ionosphere mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 140 km (80 mi). References: 2. 1994 July 19 - TAOS satellite IMU fails Nation: USA. Spacecraft: TAOS. TAOS was a technology demonstration satellite whose purpose is to demonstrate autonomous space navigation systems to reduce satellite ground support needs. Satellite operations were interrupted when an inertial measurement unit failed. During the following two month period, the satellite's solar panels could not be properly sun-pointed, resulting in a loss of satellite power. Vehicle control was regained following the development of a new satellite control system. 1994 July 20 - 05:53 GMT - Launch Site: White Sands. Launch Complex: LC36. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant 9. LV Configuration: Black Brant IX NASA 36.121CL. EUVS Jupiter Ultraviolet astronomy mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 163 km (101 mi). References: 2. 1994 July 20 - 17:35 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC43/4. Launch Pad: LC43/4?. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz. Model: Soyuz 11A511U. Cosmos 2283 Nation: Russia. Mass: 6,600 kg (14,500 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Yantar-4K1. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 179 km (111 mi). Apogee: 313 km (194 mi). Inclination: 67.10 deg. Period: 89.42 min. COSPAR: 1994-042A. USAF Sat Cat: 23182. Duration: 71.00 days. Decay Date: 1994-09-29. High resolution photo reconnaissance; returned film in two small SpK capsules during the mission and with the main capsule at completion of the mission. References: 2, 6, 179. 1994 July 21 - Clementine asteroid flyby cancelled Nation: USA. Spacecraft: Clementine. After the lunar mapping phase was completed, the spacecraft left lunar orbit for a planned encounter with Geographos, but a computer fialure on 17 May 1994 led to the flyby being cancelled. 1994 July 21 - 10:55 GMT - Launch Site: Xichang. Launch Complex: LC1. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: CZ. Model: CZ-3. LV Configuration: Chang Zheng 3 CZ3-9 (34). Apstar 1 Nation: China. Program: Apstar. Mass: 1,383 kg (3,048 lb). Class: Communications. Spacecraft: HS 376. Agency: APT. Perigee: 35,785 km (22,235 mi). Apogee: 35,789 km (22,238 mi). Inclination: 0.00 deg. Period: 1,436.12 min. COSPAR: 1994-043A. USAF Sat Cat: 23185. Asia-Pacific communications. Operated in geosynchronous orbit at 138 deg E in 1994-1999. As of 5 September 2001 located at 138.04 deg E drifting at 0.004 deg W per day. As of 2007 Mar 11 located at 141.96E drifting at 0.002W degrees per day. References: 2, 6. 1994 July 22 - Launch Site: Barking Sands. Launch Complex: LC42. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Polaris. Model: STARS. LV Configuration: STARS M-2 STARS II. ODES Nation: USA. Agency: USA SDC. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi). References: 2. 1994 July 23 - Landing of STS-65 Nation: USA. Program: Spacelab. Flight: STS-65. STS-65 landed at 10:39 GMT. 1994 July 28 - 22:39 GMT - Launch Site: Andoya. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Hawk. Model: Nike Orion. LV Configuration: Nike Orion DLR A-NO-210. Echo 94 F-102 DUSTY Ionosphere mission Nation: Germany. Agency: DLR. Apogee: 140 km (80 mi). References: 2. 1994 July 29 - 09:30 GMT - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: LC31. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz. Model: Soyuz 11A511U. Cosmos 2284 Nation: Russia. Payload: Yantar-1KFT no. 17. Mass: 6,600 kg (14,500 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Cartography. Spacecraft: Yantar-1KFT. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 211 km (131 mi). Apogee: 274 km (170 mi). Inclination: 70.30 deg. Period: 89.35 min. COSPAR: 1994-044A. USAF Sat Cat: 23187. Duration: 44.00 days. Decay Date: 1994-09-11. Topographic mapping for the Army General Staff. Landed September 11 1994. References: 2, 6, 101, 102. 1994 July 31 - 00:50 GMT - Launch Site: Andoya. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Hawk. Model: Nike Orion. LV Configuration: Nike Orion DLR A-NO-211. Echo 94 F-103 DUSTY Ionosphere mission Nation: Germany. Agency: DLR. Apogee: 140 km (80 mi). References: 2. 1994 August 2 - 20:00 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/1. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Model: Kosmos 11K65M. Cosmos 2285 Nation: Russia. Mass: 825 kg (1,818 lb). Class: Calibration. Spacecraft: Taifun-1. Agency: MO RF. Perigee: 974 km (605 mi). Apogee: 1,013 km (629 mi). Inclination: 74.03 deg. Period: 104.98 min. COSPAR: 1994-045A. USAF Sat Cat: 23189. Radar calibration mission. References: 2, 6. 1994 August 3 - 14:38 GMT - Launch Site: Point Arguello WADZ. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: 36.0 N x 123.0 W. Launch Vehicle: Pegasus. Model: Pegasus. LV Configuration: Pegasus F7. P90-6 APEX Nation: USA. Payload: APEX/Orion 38. Mass: 260 kg (570 lb). Class: Technology. Spacecraft: APEX. Agency: USAF STP. Perigee: 360 km (220 mi). Apogee: 2,534 km (1,574 mi). Inclination: 69.98 deg. Period: 114.82 min. COSPAR: 1994-046A. USAF Sat Cat: 23191. Advanced Photovoltaic and Electronic Experiments; studied radiation and plasma effects on solar power systems. References: 2, 6. 1994 August 3 - 23:57 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC36A. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Atlas. Model: Atlas IIA. LV Configuration: Atlas IIA AC-107 / Centaur II 8107. DBS 2 Nation: USA. Program: DirecTV. Mass: 2,860 kg (6,300 lb). Class: Communications. Spacecraft: HS 601. Agency: DirecTV. Perigee: 35,776 km (22,230 mi). Apogee: 35,797 km (22,243 mi). Inclination: 0.0100 deg. Period: 1,436.11 min. COSPAR: 1994-047A. USAF Sat Cat: 23192. Commercial TV broadcast. Stationed at 100.79 deg W. Launch vehicle put payload into supersynchronous earth orbit with MRS trajectory option. Positioned in geosynchronous orbit at 101 deg W in 1994-1999 As of 5 September 2001 located at 100.81 deg W drifting at 0.010 deg W per day. As of 2007 Mar 11 located at 91.17W drifting at 0.006W degrees per day. References: 2, 6, 278. 1994 August 5 - 01:12 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC16/2. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz. Model: Molniya 8K78M. LV Configuration: Molniya 8K78M-2BL. Cosmos 2286 Nation: Russia. Payload: Oko #75. Mass: 1,900 kg (4,100 lb). Class: Early Warning. Spacecraft: Oko. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 3,982 km (2,474 mi). Apogee: 36,384 km (22,607 mi). Inclination: 67.50 deg. Period: 718.00 min. COSPAR: 1994-048A. USAF Sat Cat: 23194. Covered Oko constellation plane 5 - 78 degree longitude of ascending node. References: 2, 6, 100. 1994 August 8 - Launch Site: Wallops Island. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Sergeant. Model: Sounding Rocket. CEC Target Target mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi). References: 2. 1994 August 10 - 23:05 GMT - Launch Site: Kourou. Launch Complex: ELA2. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Ariane. Model: Ariane 44LP. LV Configuration: Ariane 44LP+ V66. Brasilsat B1 Nation: Brazil. Program: Brasilsat. Mass: 1,765 kg (3,891 lb). Class: Communications. Spacecraft: HS 376W. Agency: Tele Mex. Perigee: 35,782 km (22,233 mi). Apogee: 35,791 km (22,239 mi). Inclination: 0.0300 deg. Period: 1,436.12 min. COSPAR: 1994-049A. USAF Sat Cat: 23199. 28 C-band transponders, 1 X-band transponder (military). Stationed at 70.05 deg W. Positioned in geosynchronous orbit at 70 deg W in 1994-1999 As of 3 September 2001 located at 70.00 deg W drifting at 0.003 deg W per day. As of 2007 Mar 11 located at 71.44W drifting at 0.304W degrees per day. References: 2, 6. Turksat 1B Nation: Turkey. Program: Turksat. Mass: 1,779 kg (3,922 lb). Class: Communications. Spacecraft: Spacebus 2000. Manufacturer: Aerospatiale. Agency: Turk Tel. Perigee: 35,774 km (22,228 mi). Apogee: 35,798 km (22,243 mi). Inclination: 0.00 deg. Period: 1,436.10 min. COSPAR: 1994-049B. USAF Sat Cat: 23200. 16 Ku-band transponders. Stationed at 41.92 deg E. Positioned in geosynchronous orbit at 42 deg E in 1994-1996; 31 deg E in 1996-1999 As of 4 September 2001 located at 31.29 deg E drifting at 0.000 deg W per day. As of 2007 Mar 6 located at 144.60E drifting at 4.406W degrees per day. References: 2, 6. 1994 August 11 - 15:27 GMT - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: LC81/23. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Proton. Model: Proton-K/DM-2. LV Configuration: Proton-K/DM-2 367-02. Cosmos 2287 Nation: Russia. Payload: Glonass s/n 67L. Mass: 1,400 kg (3,000 lb). Class: Navigation. Spacecraft: Glonass . Agency: MOM. Perigee: 19,118 km (11,879 mi). Apogee: 19,142 km (11,894 mi). Inclination: 64.90 deg. Period: 675.70 min. COSPAR: 1994-050A. USAF Sat Cat: 23203. Glonass navigation satellite. References: 2, 6, 67, 274. Cosmos 2288 Nation: Russia. Payload: Glonass s/n 70L. Mass: 1,400 kg (3,000 lb). Class: Navigation. Spacecraft: Glonass. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 19,091 km (11,862 mi). Apogee: 19,168 km (11,910 mi). Inclination: 64.81 deg. Period: 675.73 min. COSPAR: 1994-050B. USAF Sat Cat: 23204. Glonass navigation satellite. References: 2, 6, 67, 274. Cosmos 2289 Nation: Russia. Payload: Glonass s/n 75L. Mass: 1,400 kg (3,000 lb). Class: Navigation. Spacecraft: Glonass. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 19,126 km (11,884 mi). Apogee: 19,133 km (11,888 mi). Inclination: 64.81 deg. Period: 675.73 min. COSPAR: 1994-050C. USAF Sat Cat: 23205. Glonass navigation satellite. References: 2, 6, 67, 274. 1994 August 12 - 00:53 GMT - Launch Site: Andoya. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Hawk. Model: Nike Orion. LV Configuration: Nike Orion DLR A-NO-212. Echo 94 F-101 CONE Ionosphere mission Nation: Germany. Agency: DLR. Apogee: 140 km (80 mi). References: 2. 1994 August 16 - 03:25 GMT - Launch Site: White Sands. Launch Complex: LC36. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant 9. LV Configuration: Black Brant IX NASA 36.117CL. EUVS Venus Ultraviolet astronomy mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 300 km (180 mi). References: 2. 1994 August 18 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC39A. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Shuttle. Shuttle Endeavour Pad Abort Nation: USA. Program: STS. Spacecraft: Endeavour. Flight: STS-68. The countdown for Endeavour's first launch attempt ended 1.9 seconds before liftoff when on-board computers detected higher than acceptable readings in one channel of a sensor monitoring the discharge temperature of the high pressure oxidizer turbopump in main engine #3. A test firing of the engine at the Stennis Space Center in Mississippi on September 2nd confirmed that a slight drift in a fuel flow meter in the engine caused a slight increase in the turbopump's temperature. The test firing also confirmed a slightly slower start for main engine #3 during the pad abort, which could have contributed to the higher temperatures. After Endeavour was brought back to the Vehicle Assembly Building to be outfitted with three replacement engines, NASA managers set October 2nd as the date for Endeavour's second launch attempt. 1994 August 18 - Launch Site: Wallops Island. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Sergeant. Model: Sounding Rocket. JTF-95 MSTI Target Target mission Nation: USA. Agency: DoD. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi). References: 2. 1994 August 19 - 15:08 GMT - Launch Site: Alcantara. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Hawk. Model: Nike Orion. LV Configuration: Nike Orion NASA 31.102GE. GUARA MALTED / CADRE Ionosphere mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA GSFC. Apogee: 125 km (77 mi). References: 2. 1994 August 20 - 02:18 GMT - Launch Site: Alcantara. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Hawk. Model: Nike Orion. LV Configuration: Nike Orion NASA 31.103GE. GUARA MALTED / CADRE Ionosphere mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA GSFC. Apogee: 125 km (77 mi). References: 2. 1994 August 23 - 14:30 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC43/4. Launch Pad: LC43/4?. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz. Model: Molniya 8K78M. LV Configuration: Molniya 8K78M-ML. Molniya-3-46 Nation: Russia. Program: Molniya. Payload: Molniya-3 s/n 60. Mass: 1,600 kg (3,500 lb). Class: Communications. Spacecraft: Molniya-3. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 1,518 km (943 mi). Apogee: 38,837 km (24,132 mi). Inclination: 64.90 deg. Period: 717.80 min. COSPAR: 1994-051A. USAF Sat Cat: 23211. Replaced Molniya 3-40. As of 1994, the Molniya 3 constellation consisted of Molniya 3-36, 3-38, 3-39, 3-42, 3-43, 3-44, 3-45, and 3-46. References: 2, 6. 1994 August 24 - 13:39 GMT - Launch Site: Alcantara. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Hawk. Model: Nike Orion. LV Configuration: Nike Orion NASA 31.105GE. GUARA MALTED / CADRE Ionosphere mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA GSFC. Apogee: 127 km (78 mi). References: 2. 1994 August 25 - 01:43 GMT - Launch Site: Alcantara. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Hawk. Model: Nike Orion. LV Configuration: Nike Orion NASA 31.104GE. GUARA MALTED / CADRE Ionosphere mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA GSFC. Apogee: 126 km (78 mi). References: 2. 1994 August 25 - 14:25 GMT - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: LC1. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz. Model: Soyuz 11A511U. LV Configuration: Soyuz 11A511U N15000-636. Progress M-24 Nation: Russia. Program: Mir. Payload: Progress M s/n 224. Mass: 7,250 kg (15,980 lb). Class: Manned. Type: Logistics. Spacecraft: Progress M. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 394 km (244 mi). Apogee: 397 km (246 mi). Inclination: 51.60 deg. Period: 92.47 min. COSPAR: 1994-052A. USAF Sat Cat: 23215. Duration: 40.35 days. Completed Operations Date: 1994-10-04 22:41:48 PM. Decay Date: 1994-10-04 22:41:48 PM. Flight: Mir EO-16, Mir LD-4. Unmanned resupply vessel to Mir. Failed to dock with Mir on 27 Aug 1994. A second automatic docking attempt on 30 Aug 1994 also failed and the Progress collided with the Kvant module. A third and final attempt, manually controlled by Mir commander Yuriy Malenchenko, was successful on 2 Sep 1994 13:30:28 GMT. The Mir commander and flight engineer, Yuriy Malenchenko and Talgat Musabaev, made a spacewalk on 9 Sep 1994 to inspect the damage to the Kvant module made when the Progress collided with Kvant. Undocked on 4 Oct 1994 18:55:52 GMT, leaving the rear docking port free for Soyuz TM-20. Destroyed in reentry over the Pacific at 38.4 deg S, 137.4 deg W,on 4 Oct 1994 22:43:00 GMT. Total free-flight time 8.12 days. Total docked time 32.23 days. References: 2, 6, 275. 1994 August 26 - 12:00 GMT - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: LC45/1. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Zenit. Model: Zenit-2. Cosmos 2290 Nation: Russia. Program: Orlets. Payload: Orlets-2 no. 1. Mass: 13,000 kg (28,000 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Orlets-2. Agency: MO RF. Perigee: 181 km (112 mi). Apogee: 392 km (243 mi). Inclination: 64.80 deg. Period: 90.25 min. COSPAR: 1994-053A. USAF Sat Cat: 23218. Decay Date: 1995-04-04. Only flight of Orlets-2 long-duration military reconnaissance satellite with 22 film-return capsules. References: 2, 6. 1994 August 27 - 08:58 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC41. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Titan. Model: Titan 401A/Centaur. LV Configuration: Titan 401A/Centaur K-9/TC-11 (45E-2). USA 105 Nation: USA. Payload: Mercury ELINT 1. Class: Military. Type: ELINT. Spacecraft: Mercury ELINT. Agency: NRO/USAF. Perigee: 35,780 km (22,230 mi). Apogee: 35,790 km (22,230 mi). Inclination: 0.00 deg. Period: 1,436.10 min. COSPAR: 1994-054A. USAF Sat Cat: 23223. First launch of Mercury ELINT satellite. References: 2, 6, 172. 1994 August 27 - 23:10 GMT - Launch Site: Xichang. Launch Complex: LC2. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: CZ. Model: CZ-2E. LV Configuration: Chang Zheng 2E CZ2E-4 (35). Optus B3 Nation: Australia. Program: Aussat. Mass: 2,760 kg (6,080 lb). Class: Communications. Spacecraft: HS 601. Agency: Optus. Perigee: 35,718 km (22,194 mi). Apogee: 35,855 km (22,279 mi). Inclination: 0.00 deg. Period: 1,436.10 min. COSPAR: 1994-055A. USAF Sat Cat: 23227. Telephone; TV; mobile communications; air traffic control. Stationed at 156 deg deg E. Positioned in geosynchronous orbit at 152 deg E in 1994-1995; 156 deg E in 1995-1999 As of 5 September 2001 located at 156.00 deg E drifting at 0.007 deg W per day. As of 2007 Mar 9 located at 151.97E drifting at 0.007W degrees per day. References: 2, 6. 1994 August 28 - 07:50 GMT - Launch Site: Tanegashima. Launch Complex: Y. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: H-2. Model: H-II. LV Configuration: H-II H-II-2F. FAILURE: LAPS apogee kick motor failed to ignite. Partial Failure. Kiku 6 Nation: Japan. Payload: ETS 6. Mass: 3,800 kg (8,300 lb). Class: Technology. Spacecraft: ETS. Agency: NASDA. Perigee: 8,565 km (5,322 mi). Apogee: 38,677 km (24,032 mi). Inclination: 13.23 deg. Period: 861.84 min. COSPAR: 1994-056A. USAF Sat Cat: 23230. Failed to reach geostationary orbit; Engineering Test Satellite; partial mission success. Also tested ion engines for NSSK. References: 2, 6. 1994 August 29 - 17:38 GMT - Launch Site: Vandenberg. Launch Complex: SLC3W. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Atlas. Model: Atlas E. LV Configuration: Atlas E 20E / Star-37S-ISS. USA 106 Nation: USA. Program: DMSP. Payload: DMSP 23545/Star 37S S/N 15030 / DMSP 5D-1 F12. Mass: 830 kg (1,820 lb). Class: Earth. Type: Weather. Spacecraft: DMSP Block 5D-2. Agency: USAF. Perigee: 840 km (520 mi). Apogee: 860 km (530 mi). Inclination: 98.89 deg. Period: 101.94 min. COSPAR: 1994-057A. USAF Sat Cat: 23233. Defense Meteorological Satellite Program. References: 2, 6, 278. 1994 August 30 - Launch Vehicle: Angara. Model: Angara 1.1. Work starts on Angara launch vehicle Nation: Russia. Ministry of Defence authorizes work to start on Angara launch vehicle. Angara will replace Zenit (built in Ukraine) and Proton as future Russian medium launch vehicle, launched from Plesetsk and Svobodny. References: 42. 1994 September 7 - 14:41 GMT - Launch Site: Vandenberg. Launch Complex: LF05. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Peacekeeper. LV Configuration: Peacekeeper 16PA. Operational test Nation: USA. Agency: USAF AFSPC. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi). References: 2. 1994 September 9 - 00:29 GMT - Launch Site: Kourou. Launch Complex: ELA2. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Ariane. Model: Ariane 42L. LV Configuration: Ariane 42L+ V67. Telstar 402 Nation: USA. Program: Telstar. Class: Communications. Spacecraft: AS 7000. Manufacturer: Lockheed Martin. Agency: Arianesp. Perigee: 292 km (181 mi). Apogee: 19,340 km (12,010 mi). Inclination: 7.10 deg. Period: 341.80 min. COSPAR: 1994-058A. USAF Sat Cat: 23249. Decay Date: 2004-11-14. References: 2, 6. 1994 September 9 - 07:00 GMT - EVA Mir EO-16-1 Nation: Russia. Program: Mir. Class: Manned. Type: Space station. Spacecraft: Mir. Crew: Malenchenko, Musabayev. Flight: Mir EO-16, Mir LD-4. EVA Duration: 0.21 days. Repaired station external insulation. Checked docking port. References: 66. 1994 September 9 - 13:33 GMT - Launch Site: Alcantara. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant 5C. LV Configuration: Black Brant VC NASA 21.110GE. GUARA Electrojet Ionosphere mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 120 km (70 mi). References: 2. 1994 September 9 - 22:22 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC39B. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Shuttle. LV Configuration: Space Shuttle STS-64. STS-64 Nation: USA. Program: STS. Payload: Discovery F19 / Spartan / LITE. Mass: 9,260 kg (20,410 lb). Class: Manned. Type: Spaceplane. Spacecraft: Discovery. Agency: NASA JSC. Perigee: 225 km (139 mi). Apogee: 225 km (139 mi). Inclination: 57.00 deg. COSPAR: 1994-059A. USAF Sat Cat: 23251. Duration: 10.95 days. Decay Date: 1994-09-20. Crew: Hammond, Helms, Lee, Linenger, Meade, Richards. Flight: STS-64. Payloads: Lidar In-Space Technology Experiment (LITE), Shuttle Pointed Autonomous Research Tool for Astronomy (SPARTAN) 201-II, Robot-Operated Materials Processing System (ROMPS), Shuttle Plume Impingement Flight Experiment (SPIFEX), getaway special (GAS) bridge assembly with ten GAS experiments, Trajectory Control Sensor (TCS), Simplified Aid for EVA Rescue (SAFER), Solid Surface Combustion Experiment (SSCE), Biological Research in Canisters (BRIC) III, Radiation Monitoring Experiment (RME) III, Military Applications of Ship Tracks (MAST), Shuttle Amateur Radio Experiment (SAREX) II, Air Force Maui Optical Site (AMOS) Calibration Test. References: 2, 6, 7. Spartan 201 Nation: USA. Mass: 1,288 kg (2,839 lb). Class: Astronomy. Spacecraft: Spartan. Agency: NASA GSF. Perigee: 252 km (156 mi). Apogee: 265 km (164 mi). Inclination: 57.00 deg. Period: 89.68 min. COSPAR: 1994-059B. USAF Sat Cat: 23253. Decay Date: 1994-09-20. Deployed from STS-64 9/13/94; retrieved 9/15/94; solar studies. References: 2, 6. GBA-7 Nation: USA. Program: STS. Agency: NASA. COSPAR: 1994-059xx. USAF Sat Cat: 23251. Decay Date: 1994-09-20. References: 2, 279. LITE Nation: USA. Program: STS. Agency: NASA. COSPAR: 1994-059xx. USAF Sat Cat: 23251. Decay Date: 1994-09-20. References: 2, 279. 1994 September 12 - Cosmonaut Dr Boris Borisovich Yegorov dies at age of 56 -- Natural causes. Nation: Russia. 1994 September 12 - 15:34 GMT - Launch Site: White Sands. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Hawk. Model: Nike Orion. LV Configuration: Nike Orion NASA 31.107UU. CWAS 35 Aeronomy mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA GSFC. Apogee: 140 km (80 mi). References: 2. 1994 September 13 - 06:30 GMT - EVA Mir EO-16-2 Nation: Russia. Program: Mir. Class: Manned. Type: Space station. Spacecraft: Mir. Crew: Malenchenko, Musabayev. Flight: Mir EO-16, Mir LD-4. EVA Duration: 0.25 days. Checked out equipment on exterior of Mir. References: 66. 1994 September 15 - Launch Site: Palmachim. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Jericho. Model: Jericho 2. LV Configuration: Jericho II 3?. FAILURE: Failure. 'Ofeq? Nation: Israel. Agency: ISA. Apogee: 300 km (180 mi). References: 2. 1994 September 15 - 15:00 GMT - Launch Site: White Sands. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Hawk. Model: Nike Orion. LV Configuration: Nike Orion NASA 31.108UU. CWAS 36 Aeronomy mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA GSFC. Apogee: 140 km (80 mi). References: 2. 1994 September 16 - 04:00 GMT - Launch Site: Kagoshima. Launch Complex: L. Launch Pad: K?. Launch Vehicle: SB-735. Model: ST-735. LV Configuration: ST-735 ST-735-2. FIH test Nation: Japan. Agency: ISAS. Apogee: 118 km (73 mi). References: 2. 1994 September 16 - 14:42 GMT - EVA STS-64-1 Nation: USA. Program: STS. Class: Manned. Type: Spaceplane. Spacecraft: Discovery. Crew: Lee, Meade. Flight: STS-64. EVA Duration: 0.29 days. Tested SAFER emergency manoeuvring backpack. References: 66. 1994 September 19 - Kompsat contract Nation: Korea South. Spacecraft: KOMPSAT. TRW and Korean engineers would work together to develop the spacecraft. KOMPSAT was based on TRW's Eagle class of light weight, modular spacecraft. 1994 September 20 - Landing of STS-64 Nation: USA. Program: STS. Flight: STS-64. STS-64 landed at 21:11 GMT. 1994 September 21 - 13:56 GMT - Launch Site: Alcantara. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant 5C. LV Configuration: Black Brant VC NASA 21.111GE. GUARA Electrojet Ionosphere mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 120 km (70 mi). References: 2. 1994 September 21 - 17:53 GMT - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: LC200/39. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Proton. Model: Proton-K/DM-2. LV Configuration: Proton-K/DM-2 381-02. Cosmos 2291 Nation: Russia. Payload: Potok no. 8 s/n 19L. Mass: 2,300 kg (5,000 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Potok. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 35,774 km (22,228 mi). Apogee: 35,829 km (22,263 mi). Inclination: 4.50 deg. Period: 1,436.90 min. COSPAR: 1994-060A. USAF Sat Cat: 23267. Cosmos 2291 quickly moved to 80 degrees E, joining Cosmos 2085 as a replacement for Cosmos1961. Thus, at the end of 1994 the Potok constellation had been restored to its normal 4·sateellite complement: Cosmos 2085 and 2291 at 80 degrees E and Cosmos 1888 and 2172 at 13.5 degrees W. Cosmos 2291 continued at 80 deg E in 1994-1995; then it was moved to 14 deg W in 1995-1999 As of 6 September 2001 located at 62.64 deg W drifting at 0.324 deg W per day. As of 2007 Mar 10 located at 112.35W drifting at 0.417W degrees per day. References: 2, 6, 67, 112, 274. 1994 September 23 - 15:15 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Topol. Model: Topol. Test mission Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN RF. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi). References: 2. 1994 September 23 - 21:15 GMT - Launch Site: Alcantara. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Tomahawk Sandia. Model: Nike Tomahawk. LV Configuration: Nike Tomahawk NASA 18.226UE. GUARA Sunset Electrodynamics Ionosphere mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA GSFC. Apogee: 270 km (160 mi). References: 2. 1994 September 23 - 21:17 GMT - Launch Site: Alcantara. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Tomahawk Sandia. Model: Nike Tomahawk. LV Configuration: Nike Tomahawk NASA 18.225UE. GUARA Sunset Electrodynamics Ionosphere mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA GSFC. Apogee: 270 km (160 mi). References: 2. 1994 September 24 - 21:15 GMT - Launch Site: Alcantara. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Tomahawk Sandia. Model: Nike Tomahawk. LV Configuration: Nike Tomahawk NASA 18.228UE. GUARA Sunset Electrodynamics Ionosphere mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA GSFC. Apogee: 270 km (160 mi). References: 2. 1994 September 24 - 21:17 GMT - Launch Site: Alcantara. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Tomahawk Sandia. Model: Nike Tomahawk. LV Configuration: Nike Tomahawk NASA 18.227UE. GUARA Sunset Electrodynamics Ionosphere mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA GSFC. Apogee: 270 km (160 mi). References: 2. 1994 September 27 - 14:00 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/1. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Model: Kosmos 11K65M. Cosmos 2292 Nation: Russia. Mass: 500 kg (1,100 lb). Class: Calibration. Spacecraft: Taifun-1. Agency: MO RF. Perigee: 400 km (240 mi). Apogee: 1,951 km (1,212 mi). Inclination: 82.99 deg. Period: 108.90 min. COSPAR: 1994-061A. USAF Sat Cat: 23278. Radar calibration mission. References: 2, 6. 1994 September 30 - 11:16 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC39A. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Shuttle. LV Configuration: Space Shuttle STS-68. STS-68 Nation: USA. Program: STS. Payload: Endeavour F07 / SRL-2. Mass: 12,510 kg (27,570 lb). Class: Manned. Type: Spaceplane. Spacecraft: Endeavour. Agency: NASA JSC. Perigee: 193 km (119 mi). Apogee: 193 km (119 mi). Inclination: 57.00 deg. COSPAR: 1994-062A. USAF Sat Cat: 23285. Duration: 11.24 days. Decay Date: 1994-10-11. Crew: Baker Mike, Bursch, Jones, Smith Steven, Wilcutt, Wisoff. Flight: STS-68. Carried SIR-C SAR. Landed at Edwards Air Force Base on October 11. Payloads: Space Radar Laboratory (SRL) 2, five Getaway Special payloads, Chromosome and Plant Cell Division in Space (CHROMEX) 5, Biological Research in Canisters (BRIC) 01, Cosmic Radiation Effects and Activation Monitor (CREAM), Military Application of Ship Tracks (MAST), Commercial Protein Crystal Growth (CPCG). References: 2, 6, 7. SRL-2 Nation: USA. Program: STS. Payload: SRL PLT. Agency: NASA. COSPAR: 1994-062xx. USAF Sat Cat: 23285. Decay Date: 1994-10-11. References: 2, 279. MAPS Nation: USA. Program: STS. Agency: NASA. COSPAR: 1994-062xx. USAF Sat Cat: 23285. Decay Date: 1994-10-11. References: 2, 279. Previous Home Next Contact us with any corrections, additions, or comments. Conditions for use of drawings, pictures, or other materials from this site.. To contact astronauts or cosmonauts. © Mark Wade, 1997 - 2008 except where otherwise noted.