Turkey

1962 April 18

18:17 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC26A. LV Family: Jupiter. Launch Vehicle: Jupiter IRBM.

• CTL - . Nation: Turkey. Agency: TUAF. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

  Combat Training Launch fired from AMR at 1317 hours and 54.1 seconds EST to a predicted impact point of 1,514 nm from the firing site. All functions of the flight were normal up to 153 seconds, at which time fuel depletion was reached and normal guidance cut-off was not achieved. The missile impacted approximately 230 miles short of the intended target. All missions assigned to the NATO training launch crew were accomplished.

1994 January 24

21:37 GMT - . Launch Site: Kourou. Launch Complex: Kourou ELA2. LV Family: Ariane. Launch Vehicle: Ariane 44LP. FAILURE: Failure.

• Turksat 1A - . Payload: Turksat 1A. Mass: 1,890 kg (4,160 lb). Nation: Turkey. Agency: Arianespace. Program: Turksat. Spacecraft: Spacebus 2000.

1994 August 10

23:05 GMT - . Launch Site: Kourou. Launch Complex: Kourou ELA2. LV Family: Ariane. Launch Vehicle: Ariane 44LP.

• Turksat 1B - . Mass: 1,779 kg (3,922 lb). Nation: Turkey. Agency: Turk Tel. Manufacturer: Cannes. Program: Turksat. Class: Communications. Type: Civilian communications satellite. Spacecraft: Spacebus 2000. USAF Sat Cat: 23200 . COSPAR: 1994-049B. Apogee: 35,798 km (22,243 mi). Perigee: 35,774 km (22,228 mi). Inclination: 0.00 deg. Period: 1,436.10 min.

  16 Ku-band transponders. Stationed at 41.92 deg E. Positioned in geosynchronous orbit at 42 deg E in 1994-1996; 31 deg E in 1996-1999 As of 4 September 2001 located at 31.29 deg E drifting at 0.000 deg W per day. As of 2007 Mar 6 located at 144.60E drifting at 4.406W degrees per day.

1996 July 9

22:24 GMT - . Launch Site: Kourou. Launch Complex: Kourou ELA2. LV Family: Ariane. Launch Vehicle: Ariane 44L.

• Turksat 1C - . Mass: 1,890 kg (4,160 lb). Nation: Turkey. Agency: Turk Tel. Manufacturer: Cannes. Program: Turksat. Class: Communications. Type: Civilian communications satellite. Spacecraft: Spacebus 2000. USAF Sat Cat: 23949 . COSPAR: 1996-040B. Apogee: 35,794 km (22,241 mi). Perigee: 35,779 km (22,231 mi). Inclination: 0.00 deg. Period: 1,436.10 min.

  22 Ku band and 12 C band transponders. Positioned in geosynchronous orbit at 31 deg E in 1996; 42 deg E in 1996-1999 As of 3 September 2001 located at 42.02 deg E drifting at 0.003 deg E per day. As of 2007 Mar 11 located at 42.00E drifting at 0.002E degrees per day.

2001 January 10

22:09 GMT - . Launch Site: Kourou. Launch Complex: Kourou ELA2. LV Family: Ariane. Launch Vehicle: Ariane 44P.

• Turksat 2A / Eurasiasat 1 - . Payload: Spacebus 3000B3. Mass: 3,535 kg (7,793 lb). Nation: Turkey. Agency: Eurasisa. Manufacturer: Cannes. Program: Turksat. Class: Communications. Type: Civilian communications satellite. Spacecraft: Spacebus 3000. USAF Sat Cat: 26666 . COSPAR: 2001-002A. Apogee: 35,808 km (22,250 mi). Perigee: 35,764 km (22,222 mi). Inclination: 0.10 deg. Period: 1,436.10 min.

  Communications satellite. Launch delayed from December 8, 2000 and January 8. The Turksat 2A (Eurasiasat 1) satellite was an Alcatel Spacebus 3000B3 with a dry mass of 1577 kg (launch mass 3535 kg) and a 37m solar panel span. The satellite was placed in a 162 x 36742 km x 2.9 deg orbit; by January 13 the perigee had been raised to 21185 km. The satellite had 36 Ku-band transponders and three antennae. The dual name was probably due to the dual ownership of the spacecraft: 75% by Turk Telecom and 25% by the manufacturer Alcatel Space Company. The 3.4 tonne, 9 kW spacecraft was to provide direct-to-home voice, video, and data transmissions to countries between central Europe and the Indian subcontinent, through its 32 "BSS- and FSS-bands" transponders, after parking over 42 deg-E longitude (replacing the aging Turksat 1C). Positioned in geosynchronous orbit at 42 deg E in 2001 As of 4 September 2001 located at 41.96 deg E drifting at 0.016 deg E per day. As of 2007 Mar 11 located at 42.03E drifting at 0.008E degrees per day.

2003 September 27

06:12 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC132/1. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M.

• Bilsat 1 (BiltenSat, Tubitak 1, DMC-Turkey) - . Mass: 100 kg (220 lb). Nation: Turkey. Agency: Tubitak-Bilten. Manufacturer: Surrey. Class: Earth. Type: Disaster monitoring satellite. Spacecraft: MicroSat-100. USAF Sat Cat: 27940 . COSPAR: 2003-042B. Apogee: 695 km (431 mi). Perigee: 677 km (420 mi). Inclination: 98.20 deg. Period: 98.50 min.

  Three disaster monitoring DMC satellites (BILSAT-1, NigeriaSat-1 and UK-DMC) were lofted in a single Kosmos launch. They joined the first DMC satellite, AlSAT-1, which was launched into a 686 km sun-synchronous low Earth orbit in November 2002, to provide a worldwide daily imaging capability. The spacecraft were 3-axis stabilised nadir-pointing. The imaging payload was a 32-metre resolution GSD multispectral wide-swath Earth imaging cameras and a12-metre GSD panchromatic camera. The Kosmos rocket delivered the satellites into orbit with a precision about an order of magnitude better than the maximum allowable - placing the satellites into orbit with a semi-major axis accurate to within 700 metres and just 300 metres from that of AlSAT-1. Bilsat 1 was built for TUBITAK-ODTU-BILTEN, the Information Technology and Electronics Research Institute of the Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey

2008 June 12

22:05 GMT - . Launch Site: Kourou. Launch Complex: Kourou ELA3. LV Family: Ariane 5. Launch Vehicle: Ariane 5ECA.

• Turksat 3A - . Payload: Spacebus 4000B2. Mass: 3,110 kg (6,850 lb). Nation: Turkey. Agency: Arianespace. Program: Turksat. Class: Communications. Type: Civilian communications satellite. Spacecraft: Spacebus 4000. USAF Sat Cat: 33056 . COSPAR: 2008-030B. Apogee: 35,811 km (22,251 mi). Perigee: 35,761 km (22,220 mi). Inclination: 0.00 deg. Period: 1,436.00 min. Replacement for Turksat-1C, positioned at 42 deg E; 24 Ku-band transponders..

2011 August 17

07:12 GMT - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: Dnepr.

• RASAT - . Mass: 95 kg (209 lb). Nation: Turkey. Class: Earth. Type: Earth resources satellite. Spacecraft: RASAT. USAF Sat Cat: 37791 . COSPAR: 2011-044D. Apogee: 699 km (434 mi). Perigee: 666 km (413 mi). Inclination: 98.20 deg. Period: 98.40 min. Turkish Earth observation satellite with a Korean-built imager, built for TUBITAK, the Turkish science research council and UZAY, the Space Technology Research Insitute in Ankara..

2012 December 18

16:12 GMT - . Launch Site: Jiuquan. LV Family: CZ. Launch Vehicle: Chang Zheng 2D.

• Gokturk 2 - . Mass: 1,100 kg (2,400 lb). Nation: Turkey. Class: Surveillance. Type: Military surveillance satellite. Spacecraft: Proteus. USAF Sat Cat: 39030 . COSPAR: 2012-073A. Apogee: 691 km (429 mi). Perigee: 668 km (415 mi). Inclination: 98.20 deg. Period: 98.30 min. Earth observation satellite for the Turkish Defense Ministry. Provides high-resolution imagery of 2.5 m esolution panchromatic, 10 m multispectral (VNIR) and 20 m SWIR..

2013 April 26

04:13 GMT - . Launch Site: Jiuquan. LV Family: CZ. Launch Vehicle: Chang Zheng 2D.

• Turksat-3USAT - . Mass: 3.00 kg (6.60 lb). Nation: Turkey. Class: Technology. Type: Technology satellite. Spacecraft: Cubesat. USAF Sat Cat: 39152 . COSPAR: 2013-018C. Apogee: 654 km (406 mi). Perigee: 628 km (390 mi). Inclination: 98.05 deg. Period: 97.54 min. 3U cubesat from Istanbul Technical University..

2014 February 14

21:09 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC81/24. LV Family: Proton. Launch Vehicle: Proton-M/Briz-M.

• Turksat-4A - . Mass: 4,850 kg (10,690 lb). Nation: Turkey. Class: Communications. Type: Communications satellite. Spacecraft: DS2000. USAF Sat Cat: 39522 . COSPAR: 2014-007A. Apogee: 35,790 km (22,230 mi). Perigee: 35,784 km (22,235 mi). Inclination: 0.0600 deg. Period: 1,436.12 min. Positioned at 42 deg E, provided Ku-band direct TV broadcasting channels and C- and Ka-band communications channels..

2015 October 16

20:40 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC200/39. LV Family: Proton. Launch Vehicle: Proton-M/Briz-M.

• Turksat 4B - . Mass: 4,924 kg (10,855 lb). Nation: Turkey. Manufacturer: Mitsubishi. Class: Communications. Type: Communications satellite. Spacecraft: DS2000. USAF Sat Cat: 40984 . COSPAR: 2015-060A. Apogee: 35,793 km (22,240 mi). Perigee: 35,776 km (22,230 mi). Inclination: 0.0100 deg. Period: 1,436.00 min. Second Turksat-4 satellite for Turk Telecom with C, Ku and Ka-band communications payloads.Located at 50 E..

2016 December 5

13:51 GMT - . Launch Site: Kourou. Launch Complex: Kourou ZLV. Launch Vehicle: Vega.

• Gokturk-1 - . Nation: Turkey. Class: Surveillance. Type: Surveillance satellite. USAF Sat Cat: 41875 . COSPAR: 2016-073A. Apogee: 691 km (429 mi). Perigee: 679 km (421 mi). Inclination: 98.10 deg. Turkish Defense Ministry's Gokturk-1 high resolution (0.7m) imaging satellite. The satellite was built by Thales Alenia (Cannes).. 2230LT SSO.

2017 April 18

15:10 GMT - . Launch Platform: ISS. LV Family: Atlas V. Launch Vehicle: Atlas V 401.

• SOMP 2 - . Payload: QB50-DE02; HAVELSAT. Nation: Turkey. Spacecraft: Cubesat. USAF Sat Cat: 42700 . COSPAR: 1998-067LH. Apogee: 272 km (169 mi). Perigee: 268 km (166 mi). Inclination: 51.62 deg. Period: 89.91 min. See SOMP 2 (QB50 DE02) ↑. Part of the QB50 international network of 50 CubeSats for measurements in the lower thermosphere..

• BeEagleSat - . Payload: QB50-TR01. Nation: Turkey. Spacecraft: Cubesat. USAF Sat Cat: 42736 . COSPAR: 1998-067MR. Apogee: 315 km (195 mi). Perigee: 313 km (194 mi). Inclination: 51.63 deg. Period: 90.80 min. See BeEagleSat (QB50 TR01) ↑. Part of the QB50 international network of 50 CubeSats for measurements in the lower thermosphere..

• UBAKUSAT - . Payload: UBAK-3U-SAT. Nation: Turkey. USAF Sat Cat: 43466 . COSPAR: 1998-067NP. Apogee: 384 km (238 mi). Perigee: 383 km (237 mi). Inclination: 51.64 deg. Period: 92.22 min.

  See UBAKUSAT (UBAK-3U-SAT) ↑. 1U cubesat by Istanbul Technical University. Mission: Technology demonstration and Earth observation satellite to provide voice communications for amateur radio stations. Status as of 2019: Active. .