Skip to content
79,433 pages · 13,741 images · since 1994 Browse A–Z Today in space history
Encyclopedia Astronautica The full story of spaceflight
Encyclopedia entry

Trailblazer 1

Launch vehicle · USA

Original archive entry. The text, images and links below are kept as they were written.

American test vehicle. The rocket's first three stages would take the upper stage package to a 260 km apogee. The upper stage package was mounted upside-down in relation to the other stages. When it had reached the peak, the three upper stages fired in sequence, ramming the payload, a 13 cm sphere, into the atmosphere at orbital re-entry speeds.

Different materials were used in the sphere in each test, and ground observations were made of the spectra and luminance of the 'artificial meteorites' thus created.

On the 1G mission, an actual 'artificial meteorite' was flown. This was a 5.8 g steel pellet, which was driven into the atmosphere at 6 km/sec by a 'seventh stage', a shaped charge that accelerated the pellet after burnout of the rocket's six stage. This experiment provided a known reference by which the size of actual meteoroids could be measured according to the luminance of their trails.

The vehicle consisted of an Honest John rocket as the first stage, topped by 1 x Nike and 1 x Lance. The upside-down upper-stage package consisted of 1 x T-40 + 1 x T-55 + 1 x Cygnus 5 motors.

Payload: 1.00 kg (2.20 lb) to a 280 km altitude.

More at: Trailblazer 1.

Country
USA
Launch Sites
Wallops Island

Chronology

15 events

1959 March 3

Launch Site: Wallops Island. LV Family: Trailblazer test vehicle. Launch Vehicle: Trailblazer 1.
  • D58 re-entry vehicle test flight - . Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 260 km (160 mi).

1959 June 5

04:15 GMT - . Launch Site: Wallops Island. LV Family: Trailblazer test vehicle. Launch Vehicle: Trailblazer 1.
  • Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 260 km (160 mi).

1959 December 1

Launch Site: Wallops Island. LV Family: Trailblazer test vehicle. Launch Vehicle: Trailblazer 1.
  • Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 260 km (160 mi).

1960 March 29

Launch Site: Wallops Island. LV Family: Trailblazer test vehicle. Launch Vehicle: Trailblazer 1.
  • D58 Trailblazer re-entry vehicle test flight - . Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 260 km (160 mi).

1960 June 26

06:17 GMT - . Launch Site: Wallops Island. LV Family: Trailblazer test vehicle. Launch Vehicle: Trailblazer 1.
  • D58 Trailblazer re-entry vehicle test flight - . Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 294 km (182 mi).

1960 August 29

03:38 GMT - . Launch Site: Wallops Island. LV Family: Trailblazer test vehicle. Launch Vehicle: Trailblazer 1.
  • D58 Trailblazer re-entry vehicle test flight - . Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 260 km (160 mi).

1960 August 29

06:13 GMT - . Launch Site: Wallops Island. LV Family: Trailblazer test vehicle. Launch Vehicle: Trailblazer 1.
  • D58 Trailblazer re-entry vehicle test flight - . Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 260 km (160 mi).

1960 October 22

03:09 GMT - . Launch Site: Wallops Island. LV Family: Trailblazer test vehicle. Launch Vehicle: Trailblazer 1.
  • D58 Trailblazer re-entry vehicle test flight - . Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 260 km (160 mi).

1961 January 18

04:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Wallops Island. LV Family: Trailblazer test vehicle. Launch Vehicle: Trailblazer 1.
  • D58 Trailblazer re-entry vehicle test flight - . Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 260 km (160 mi).

1961 April 21

05:56 GMT - . Launch Site: Wallops Island. LV Family: Trailblazer test vehicle. Launch Vehicle: Trailblazer 1.
  • Re-entry vehicle test - . Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 280 km (170 mi).

1961 May 18

06:10 GMT - . Launch Site: Wallops Island. LV Family: Trailblazer test vehicle. Launch Vehicle: Trailblazer 1.
  • Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 260 km (160 mi).

1961 September 17

04:47 GMT - . Launch Site: Wallops Island. LV Family: Trailblazer test vehicle. Launch Vehicle: Trailblazer 1.
  • Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 260 km (160 mi).

1962 April 3

04:57 GMT - . Launch Site: Wallops Island. LV Family: Trailblazer test vehicle. Launch Vehicle: Trailblazer 1.
  • Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 260 km (160 mi).

1962 July 28

02:50 GMT - . Launch Site: Wallops Island. LV Family: Trailblazer test vehicle. Launch Vehicle: Trailblazer 1.
  • Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 280 km (170 mi).

1963 February 16

Launch Site: Wallops Island. LV Family: Trailblazer test vehicle. Launch Vehicle: Trailblazer 1.
  • Re-entry Vehicle test - . Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 280 km (170 mi).