On January 2 in Space History
Chronology
30 events
1902 January 2
- Birth of Georgi Maksimiliyanovich Malenkov - . Nation: Russia. Related Persons: Malenkov. Russian politician. First Chairman of Special Committee 2 1946-1947. Oversaw missile program..
1920 January 2
- Birth of Isaac Asimov - . Nation: Russia, USA. Related Persons: Asimov. Jewish-American writer. Writer of science fiction and popular science..
1945 January 2
22:00 GMT - . Launch Site: V-2 Battery SS Abt 500. Launch Vehicle: V-2.- V-2 combat launch to Antwerp - . Nation: Germany. Battery unknown, A-4 rocket impacted Antwerp at Vrydagmarkt, 29 killed, 41 injured, 53 houses destroyed..
1948 January 2
- Birth of Stefano Santonico - . Nation: Italy. Related Persons: Santonico. Italian engineer cosmonaut, 1990-1993..
1958 January 2
- Plant 1 in Samara designated for R-7 production. - . Nation: Russia. Decree 'On adding of space work to Plant No. 1 (later Progress Plant) at Kuibyshev' was issued..
1959 January 2
- Von Braun predicted manned circumlunar flight within ten years - .
Nation: USA.
Related Persons: Glennan,
Silverstein,
von Braun.
Program: Apollo.
In a staff report of the House Select Committee on Astronautics and Space Exploration, Wernher von Braun of the Army Ballistic Missile Agency predicted manned circumlunar flight within the next eight to ten years and a manned lunar landing and return mission a few years thereafter. Administrator T. Keith Glennan, Deputy Administrator Hugh L. Dryden, Abe Silverstein, John P. Hagen, and Homer E. Newell, all of NASA, also foresaw manned circumlunar flight within the decade as well as instrumented probes soft-landed on the moon. Roy K. Knutson, Chairman of the Corporate Space Committee, NAA, projected a manned lunar landing expedition for the early 1970's with extensive unmanned instrumented soft lunar landings during the last half of the 1960's.
1959 January 2
16:41 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC1. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Vostok-L 8K72. FAILURE: Failure of the launch vehicle control system.. Failed Stage: G.- Luna 1 - .
Payload: E-1 s/n 4. Mass: 361 kg (795 lb). Nation: Russia.
Agency: MVS.
Program: Luna.
Class: Moon.
Type: Lunar probe. Spacecraft: Luna E-1.
USAF Sat Cat: 112 . COSPAR: 1959-Mu-1.
Lunar probe; passed within 5,995 km of moon but did not hit it as planned due to a failure of the launch vehicle control system. Went into solar orbit. First manmade object to attain of escape velocity. Also known as Mechta ("Dream"), popularly called Lunik I. Because of its high velocity and its announced package of various metallic emblems with the Soviet coat of arms, it was concluded that Luna 1 was intended to impact the Moon. After reaching escape velocity, Luna 1 separated from its 1472 kg third stage. The third stage, 5.2 m long and 2.4 m in diameter, travelled along with Luna 1. On 3 January, at a distance of 113,000 km from Earth, a large (1 kg) cloud of sodium gas was released by the spacecraft. This glowing orange trail of gas, visible over the Indian Ocean with the brightness of a sixth-magnitude star, allowed astronomers to track the spacecraft. It also served as an experiment on the behavior of gas in outer space. Luna 1 passed within 5,995 km of the Moon's surface on 4 January after 34 hours of flight. It went into orbit around the Sun, between the orbits of Earth and Mars. The measurements obtained during this mission provided new data on the Earth's radiation belt and outer space, including the discovery that the Moon had no magnetic field and that a solar wind, a strong flow of ionized plasma emmanating from the Sun, streamed through interplanetary space.
1960 January 2
Launch Site: Aberporth. LV Family: Rook. Launch Vehicle: Leopard. FAILURE: Failure.- Test mission - . Nation: UK. Agency: Royal Aerospace Establishment. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).
1961 January 2
Launch Vehicle: Navaho.- Navaho program closed out. - .
Nation: USA.
Program: Navaho.
One G-26 missile delivered to Cape Canaveral but not launched was retained there for the open-air missile park. X-10 s/n 1 was displayed in the Air Force Museum in Dayton. Harrison Storms attempted to sell the USAF on using the completed work for space launches. One proposal was to use the boosters as the first stage of a satellite launcher with Able upper stages. Another was to cluster four of them together and launch an X-15 manned rocketplane into orbit. Nothing came of these proposals. Four completed G-26 missiles and the under-construction G-38 missiles were scrapped.
1963 January 2
- Plesetsk cosmodrome authorised. - . Nation: Russia. Military-Industrial Commission (VPK) Decree 15-5 'On creation of the space and missile cosmodrome at NIIP-51 at Mirniy/Plesetsk' was issued..
1968 January 2
- Key decisions required to certify the Apollo system-design for manned flight summarized - .
Nation: USA.
Program: Apollo.
Spacecraft: Apollo CSM.
MSC called to the attention of North American Rockwell the number of discrepancies found at KSC that could have been found at Downey before hardware shipment. In an effort to reduce the discrepancies North American was requested to obtain and use the KSC receiving inspection criteria as a guide for shipping inspections. It was also suggested that the possibility of sending a few key inspectors to KSC for periods of three to six months to gain additional experience might be investigated.
1970 January 2
LV Family: R-36. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon-3.- Tsiklon 3 launch vehicle development authorised. - . Nation: Russia. Spacecraft: Meteor, Tselina-D. Central Committee of the Communist Party and Council of Soviet Ministers Decree 'On the Creation of the Carrier-Rocket 11K68 on The Basis of 11K69 RN and S5M Stage for Launch of Space Apparatus 'Tselina' and .Meteor'--approval of work on the Tsiklon-3 RN.
1970 January 2
06:42 GMT - . Launch Site: Thumba. LV Family: Deacon. Launch Vehicle: Nike Apache.1974 January 2
LV Family: N1, R-7, N11, Molniya 8K78L.- On the first two days of 1974, Mishin catalogues the issues and notes his supporters. - .
Related Persons: Mishin,
Ustinov,
Afanasyev, Sergei,
Almaz,
Bezverby,
.
Spacecraft: Soyuz,
MKBS,
Mir,
Soyuz 7K-S,
LK.
To do:
1. Now, when considering our long-term program and the use of near-earth space (including the Moon) for different purposes, it is necessary to clearly define the sequence of its implementation.
Especially decide - where to start? (Especially in the present situation).
- It is necessary as soon as possible to show the rationality inherent in the program guidelines.
Namely a space-based MOK.
- Optimal location for OAA systems: based on MKBS (DOS) - or visited the MPM for routine maintenance or brought near-MKBS for the same purpose.
- Reusable transport ship based on the 7M, and then a reusable transport system based on the work on the N-1 (but with a new engine system in stage 1).
02.I.1973
- Space problems solved by the OAA.
- A great resource. (even after these events)
Where to start?
? (7KS)
1. DOS 5 (6?) + 7KT + 7KTT + 7KS-OR
7KS-OR (evidently a reconnaissance version of the 7KS) - view as the embodiment of the most efficient use of the developed equipment (Zenit-Yantar)
Negotiations with DI Kozlov (What does he want?)
2. All that in the first only on the basis of the 7M, to create the MTK and MPM (talks with EV Shabarov)
What will branch NII-4 handle?
1. Operative follow-up exploration.
2. Armed struggle in outer space.
(03.I.1974)
3. The defeat of the moving targets.
4. Electronic countermeasures
5. Use of stationary orbit.
6. Use of of sun-synchronous orbits.
Means:
Filial of NII-4 GUKOS support (but only at the lower levels): 1. R-7M; 2. N-1?; 3. N-11
Support in the MO MO for the N-1 - signed by Alekseev and Tolubko.
Navy is indifferent to MOK (they do not understand the prospects)
It is necessary to establish a relationship with the customer. He is interested in this (Attract DI Kozlov!)
(4.I.1974)
- Write a detailed letter on MOK to Afanasyev (copied to the Central Committee) (With a draft work order)
- Draft a memo to the Central Committee for DF Ustinov. (Long-term planning)
- Achieve color television for the Soyuz-M (NN Detinov - CC)
- TsKBEM review of the level of work on special equipment in related organizations.
- Write a memo about the possibilities of "A" in the operational intelligence. (VK Bezverby together with TsNIIMASH).
- Deal with the radio channel on the "Yantar". Orders: VK Bezverby
- The draft memo on the need of long-term integrated planning by the state. TSKBEM work on MOK - 1st to attempt its development. (Mishin Diaries 3-167)
1976 January 2
14:59 GMT - . Launch Site: El Arenosillo. LV Family: Skua. Launch Vehicle: Skua 3.1979 January 2
- Death of Andrei Grigoryevich Karas - . Nation: Russia. Related Persons: Karas. Russian officer, Commander, TsUKOS / GUKOS 1965-1979. Ended WW2 as commander of an artillery corps. After study at Dzerzhinsky, assigned to Kapustin Yar from 1951, followed by assignments at 4 NIIP MO and Baikonur. Chief of TsKIK 1959-1965..
1979 January 2
- Satellite Control and Data Relay System studied. - .
Spacecraft: TDRSS.
Stanford Telecommunications, Incorporated, was awarded a contract to study the utility of a Satellite Control and Data Relay System. The system would use a space-based network to track and control satellites and relay data to ground stations in the continental U.S.
1979 January 2
- Start fabrication crew module, Challenger - . Nation: USA. Program: STS. Start long-lead fabrication crew module, Challenger (OV-099).
1980 January 2
15:30 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC43. LV Family: Deacon. Launch Vehicle: Rocketsonde.1981 January 2
15:51 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC43. LV Family: Deacon. Launch Vehicle: Rocketsonde.1984 January 2
14:30 GMT - . Launch Site: Andoya. LV Family: Viper. Launch Vehicle: Viper 3A.1985 January 2
13:44 GMT - . Launch Site: Antigua. LV Family: Deacon. Launch Vehicle: Rocketsonde.1987 January 2
14:44 GMT - . Launch Site: Sea Launch Area. Launch Pad: UNKO. Launch Platform: PRILIV. Launch Vehicle: MMR-06.1989 January 2
09:24 GMT - . Launch Site: Sea Launch Area. Launch Pad: UNKO. Launch Platform: PRILIV. Launch Vehicle: MMR-06.1992 January 2
20:08 GMT - . Launch Site: Wallops Island. LV Family: Deacon. Launch Vehicle: Rocketsonde.1998 January 2
- Mir News 401: MIR-routine - .
Nation: Russia.
Program: Mir.
Flight: Soyuz TM-26,
STS-86 Mir NASA-5.
In the period after the last MirNEWS the situation on board Mir was far from easy. After the freon leak the A.C. (BKV-3) remained switched off and the dehumidification of Mir's atmosphere was not sufficient. To gather at least 2.5 litres of the normal 4 litres of condensation the condensation regenerator in the Life Compartment of Soyuz-TM26 was activated.
In cold areas of the complex there is an enormous condensation. This condensation is almost reaching dangerous levels. To obtain sufficient water from condensation the Life Compartment of Soyuz-TM26 had to be cooled down. In this period the Elektrons did not work due to repair work and so Lithium Perchlorate cartridges had to be burnt for oxygen production. The cosmonauts accomplished the repair of the Vozdukh (CO2 scrubber) in the Base Block and as of 2.1.98 this system works and helps a little bit to remove water-vapour to open space.
There is also a lot of condensation in the cold Progress-M37 and the crew deployed an air-hose to blow cool air from there into the Base Block. In the period between 27 and 30.12.97 Mir remained continuously in full sunlight and the temperatures in the Base Block reached values above 30 dgs C. The cosmonauts did not complain about these inconvenience and David Wolf even stated that he likes high temperatures which give him more energy.
Failing Main Computer and Movements control system:
In the night from 1 to 2.01.1998 the SUD (movements control) gave an alarm and the Ts.V.M.-1 switched itself off. The cause was still unclear at deadline of this report. TsUP even thought that a virus played a part in that. After a virus scan TsUP said there had not been a virus. The cosmonauts recently had checked the Ts.V.M.-1 with an anti-virus program of Nov. 97 and they did not find anything. During passes in the morning of 2.1.98 TsUP asked the cosmonauts to suspend all activities and wait for further instructions. TsUP tried to use Telemetry for analysis, but they only got incomprehensible data. The solar batteries do not get the full sunshine and the cosmonauts had to switch the lights out and use electric torches. For today the repair work on the Elektrons has been cancelled.
Spacewalks (EVA-s):
The first EVA (Solovyov and Vinogradov) is scheduled for 8.01.98 from 2320 UTC (opening hatch between Scientific and instrument compartment and Airlock of Module-D). This EVA will last appr. 5 hrs 30 mins. If Solovyov and Vinogradov during that EVA accomplished the repair of the hatch of the air-lock the second EVA (Solovyov and Wolf) might take place on 14.01.98 from 2040 UTC (opening hatch of air-lock of module-D.) Duration appr. 2 hrs.
Chris v.d. Berg, NL-9165/A-UK3202.
1999 January 2
- Death of Karl-Heinz Bringer - . Nation: France, Germany. Related Persons: Bringer. German engineer. Developer of the Viking engine and propulsion leader of the German Rocket Team in France after WW2..
2004 January 2
2008 January 2
- ISS On-Orbit Status 01/02/08 - .
Nation: USA.
Related Persons: Love,
Malenchenko,
Tani,
Whitson,
Williams, Dave.
Program: ISS.
Flight: Soyuz TMA-11,
STS-120 ISS EO-16.
CDR Whitson and FE-2 Tani started out with the daily reading of SLEEP (Sleep-Wake Actigraphy and Light Exposure during Spaceflight) experiment data accumulated during the night, for logging and filling in questionnaire entries in the SLEEP session file on the HRF-1 laptop for downlink. Additional Details: here....