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Yantar-1KFT

Spacecraft · Russia

Original archive entry. The text, images and links below are kept as they were written.

Yantar 1K
Yantar 1K

Russian military surveillance satellite. Version of the Yantar photo satellite for topographic mapping on behalf of the Red Army. Area Reconnaissance, photo (film return type) satellite built by TsSKB for GRU, Russia. Launched 1981 - 2005. Used Yantar Bus, Zenit reentry module.

The Yantar-1KF system was intended to build up high precision maps based on information from the Zenit-4MT. However it became impossible to keep the spacecraft within the weight that the Soyuz-U launch vehicle could lift. It would require a Proton or Zenit vehicle. Therefore the spacecraft was cancelled.

A complete design revision beginning in 1973 led to a production version of the Yantar photo satellite for topographic mapping for the Army General Staff. The revised satellite was developed in accordance with a resolution of 3 February 1977. Camera development began in the 1980's and flight trials began in 1981. The Yantar-1KFT was equipped with the Yakhont-1 TK-350 topographic camera and an APO-Oktan-8 objective, a product of the Byelorussia Optical Camera Company. These provided a focal length of 350 mm, with photo negative size of 300 x 450 mm, covering an area of 200 x 300 km with a resolution of 10 m and a scale of 1:660,000. The camera was designed for exceptional geometric precision for cartographic purposes and each image overlapped the next by 60% to 80% to allow stereoscopic pairs to be made. Closeup images were made by the KVR-1000 camera with a focal length of 1000 mm, a negative size of 180 x 180 mm covering an area of 40 km x 40 km at 1:50,000 scale and 2 m resolution. Western description: Fourth generation topographic. Typical orbital profile: inclination 64.9 degrees with an altitude of 207-270 km. Designed duration: 40 days. First flight: Cosmos 1246. Last flight: Cosmos 2284. Transmission frequencies observed in West: 150.3 PCM-FM; 400.8 CW.

More at: Yantar-1KFT.

Related

Country
Russia
Bibliography
101, 102, 110, 2, 276, 445, 474, 552, 554, 6, 13362

Photo Gallery

  • Yantar multi-return
    Yantar multi-return
    Yantar bus reconnaissance satellite with multiple re-entry capsules. This is believed to be layout of Orlets-1. Orlets-2 must have a considerably extended bus to accommodate even more capsules.
  • Kometa
    Kometa
    Credit: Manufacturer Image

Chronology

23 events

1971 March 26

LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511.
  • Yantar-1FKT development authorised. - . Nation: Russia. Spacecraft Bus: Yantar. Spacecraft: Yantar-1KFT. Central Committee of the Communist Party and Council of Soviet Ministers Decree 182-63 'On development of the Yantar-1KFT reconnaissance and cartographic satellite and the 11A511K launcher' was issued..

1976 May 31

  • Yantar-1KFT development approved. - . Nation: Russia. Spacecraft Bus: Yantar. Spacecraft: Yantar-1KFT. Decree 409-147 'On Creation of Yantar-1KFT Space Complex for Solving Goals of Cartography--development of the Yantar-1KFT reconnaissance satellite' was issued..

1981 February 18

09:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC31. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz-U.
  • Cosmos 1246 - . Payload: Yantar-1KFT no. 1. Mass: 6,600 kg (14,500 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MOM. Class: Surveillance. Type: Cartographic satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Yantar. Spacecraft: Yantar-1KFT. Duration: 23.00 days. Decay Date: 1981-03-13 . USAF Sat Cat: 12301 . COSPAR: 1981-015A. Apogee: 263 km (163 mi). Perigee: 193 km (119 mi). Inclination: 64.90 deg. Period: 89.10 min. Military topographic / cartographic satellite..

1982 May 28

09:10 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC1. Launch Pad: LC1 or LC31. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz-U.
  • Cosmos 1370 - . Payload: Yantar-1KFT no. 2. Mass: 6,600 kg (14,500 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MOM. Class: Surveillance. Type: Cartographic satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Yantar. Spacecraft: Yantar-1KFT. Duration: 44.00 days. Decay Date: 1982-07-11 . USAF Sat Cat: 13219 . COSPAR: 1982-049A. Apogee: 273 km (169 mi). Perigee: 195 km (121 mi). Inclination: 64.90 deg. Period: 89.20 min. Military topographic / cartographic satellite..

1983 December 27

09:30 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC1. Launch Pad: LC31. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz-U.
  • Cosmos 1516 - . Payload: Yantar-1KFT no. 3. Mass: 6,600 kg (14,500 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MOM. Class: Surveillance. Type: Cartographic satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Yantar. Spacecraft: Yantar-1KFT. Duration: 49.00 days. Decay Date: 1984-02-09 . USAF Sat Cat: 14583 . COSPAR: 1983-124A. Apogee: 274 km (170 mi). Perigee: 194 km (120 mi). Inclination: 64.90 deg. Period: 89.20 min. Military topographic / cartographic satellite..

1984 November 14

07:40 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC1. Launch Pad: LC1 or LC31. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz-U.
  • Cosmos 1608 - . Payload: Yantar-1KFT no. 4. Mass: 6,600 kg (14,500 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MOM. Class: Surveillance. Type: Cartographic satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Yantar. Spacecraft: Yantar-1KFT. Duration: 33.00 days. Decay Date: 1984-12-17 . USAF Sat Cat: 15393 . COSPAR: 1984-116A. Apogee: 248 km (154 mi). Perigee: 195 km (121 mi). Inclination: 70.00 deg. Period: 88.90 min. Military topographic / cartographic satellite..

1985 August 8

10:19 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC1. Launch Pad: LC1 or LC31. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz-U.
  • Cosmos 1673 - . Payload: Yantar-1KFT no. 5. Mass: 6,600 kg (14,500 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MOM. Class: Surveillance. Type: Cartographic satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Yantar. Spacecraft: Yantar-1KFT. Duration: 42.00 days. Decay Date: 1985-09-19 . USAF Sat Cat: 15942 . COSPAR: 1985-068A. Apogee: 271 km (168 mi). Perigee: 195 km (121 mi). Inclination: 64.80 deg. Period: 89.20 min. Military topographic / cartographic satellite..

1986 October 6

07:40 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC1. Launch Pad: LC1 or LC31. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz-U-PVB.
  • Cosmos 1784 - . Payload: Yantar-1KFT no. 6. Mass: 6,600 kg (14,500 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MOM. Class: Surveillance. Type: Cartographic satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Yantar. Spacecraft: Yantar-1KFT. Duration: 36.00 days. Decay Date: 1986-11-11 . USAF Sat Cat: 17003 . COSPAR: 1986-077A. Apogee: 283 km (175 mi). Perigee: 190 km (110 mi). Inclination: 64.80 deg. Period: 89.20 min. Military topographic / cartographic satellite..

1987 July 8

10:59 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC1. Launch Pad: LC1 or LC31. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz-U-PVB.
  • Cosmos 1865 - . Payload: Yantar-1KFT no. 7. Mass: 6,600 kg (14,500 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MOM. Class: Surveillance. Type: Cartographic satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Yantar. Spacecraft: Yantar-1KFT. Duration: 37.00 days. Decay Date: 1987-08-14 . USAF Sat Cat: 18162 . COSPAR: 1987-058A. Apogee: 297 km (184 mi). Perigee: 192 km (119 mi). Inclination: 64.80 deg. Period: 89.40 min. Military topographic / cartographic satellite..

1987 November 14

09:29 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC1. Launch Pad: LC1 or LC31. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz-U-PVB.
  • Cosmos 1896 - . Payload: Yantar-1KFT no. 8. Mass: 6,600 kg (14,500 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MOM. Class: Surveillance. Type: Cartographic satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Yantar. Spacecraft: Yantar-1KFT. Duration: 41.00 days. Decay Date: 1987-12-25 . USAF Sat Cat: 18535 . COSPAR: 1987-093A. Apogee: 263 km (163 mi). Perigee: 206 km (128 mi). Inclination: 64.80 deg. Period: 89.20 min. Military topographic / cartographic satellite..

1988 May 18

10:30 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC1. Launch Pad: LC1 or LC31. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz-U-PVB.
  • Cosmos 1944 - . Payload: Yantar-1KFT no. 9. Mass: 6,600 kg (14,500 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MOM. Class: Surveillance. Type: Cartographic satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Yantar. Spacecraft: Yantar-1KFT. Duration: 36.00 days. Decay Date: 1988-06-23 . USAF Sat Cat: 19123 . COSPAR: 1988-041A. Apogee: 288 km (178 mi). Perigee: 196 km (121 mi). Inclination: 64.80 deg. Period: 89.30 min. Military topographic / cartographic satellite..

1988 December 29

10:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC1. Launch Pad: LC1 or LC31. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz-U-PVB.
  • Cosmos 1986 - . Payload: Yantar-1KFT no. 10. Mass: 6,600 kg (14,500 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MOM. Class: Surveillance. Type: Cartographic satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Yantar. Spacecraft: Yantar-1KFT. Duration: 44.00 days. Decay Date: 1989-02-11 . USAF Sat Cat: 19734 . COSPAR: 1988-116A. Apogee: 289 km (179 mi). Perigee: 193 km (119 mi). Inclination: 64.80 deg. Period: 89.30 min. Topographic mapping for the Army General Staff..

1989 May 24

10:30 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC1. Launch Pad: LC1 or LC31. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz-U-PVB.
  • Cosmos 2021 - . Payload: Yantar-1KFT no. 11. Mass: 6,600 kg (14,500 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MOM. Class: Surveillance. Type: Cartographic satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Yantar. Spacecraft: Yantar-1KFT. Duration: 43.00 days. Decay Date: 1989-07-06 . USAF Sat Cat: 20000 . COSPAR: 1989-037A. Apogee: 280 km (170 mi). Perigee: 204 km (126 mi). Inclination: 69.90 deg. Period: 89.40 min. Topographic mapping for the Army General Staff..

1990 May 15

09:55 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC1. Launch Pad: LC1 or LC31. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz-U-PVB.
  • Cosmos 2078 - . Payload: Yantar-1KFT no. 12. Mass: 6,600 kg (14,500 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MOM. Class: Surveillance. Type: Cartographic satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Yantar. Spacecraft: Yantar-1KFT. Duration: 44.00 days. Decay Date: 1990-06-28 . USAF Sat Cat: 20615 . COSPAR: 1990-044A. Apogee: 280 km (170 mi). Perigee: 196 km (121 mi). Inclination: 70.00 deg. Period: 89.30 min. Topographic mapping for the Army General Staff..

1991 February 15

09:30 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC1. Launch Pad: LC1/LC31?. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz-U-PVB.
  • Cosmos 2134 - . Payload: Yantar-1KFT no. 13. Mass: 6,600 kg (14,500 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MOM. Class: Surveillance. Type: Cartographic satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Yantar. Spacecraft: Yantar-1KFT. Duration: 45.00 days. Decay Date: 1991-04-01 . USAF Sat Cat: 21116 . COSPAR: 1991-011A. Apogee: 306 km (190 mi). Perigee: 190 km (110 mi). Inclination: 64.70 deg. Period: 89.50 min. Topographic mapping for the Army General Staff..

1991 December 17

11:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC31. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz-U-PVB.
  • Cosmos 2174 - . Payload: Yantar-1KFT no. 14. Mass: 6,600 kg (14,500 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MOM. Class: Surveillance. Type: Cartographic satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Yantar. Spacecraft: Yantar-1KFT. Duration: 44.00 days. Decay Date: 1992-01-30 . USAF Sat Cat: 21816 . COSPAR: 1991-085A. Apogee: 306 km (190 mi). Perigee: 193 km (119 mi). Inclination: 64.90 deg. Period: 89.50 min. Topographic mapping for the Army General Staff..

1992 April 29

10:10 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC1. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz-U-PVB.
  • Cosmos 2185 - . Payload: Yantar-1KFT no. 15. Mass: 6,600 kg (14,500 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MOM. Class: Surveillance. Type: Cartographic satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Yantar. Spacecraft: Yantar-1KFT. Duration: 43.00 days. Decay Date: 1992-06-11 . USAF Sat Cat: 21953 . COSPAR: 1992-025A. Apogee: 274 km (170 mi). Perigee: 209 km (129 mi). Inclination: 70.00 deg. Period: 89.30 min. Topographic mapping for the Army General Staff..

1993 April 27

10:35 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC31. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz-U-PVB.
  • Cosmos 2243 - . Payload: Yantar-1KFT no. 16. Mass: 6,600 kg (14,500 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MOM. Class: Surveillance. Type: Cartographic satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Yantar. Spacecraft: Yantar-1KFT. Duration: 9.00 days. Decay Date: 1993-05-06 . USAF Sat Cat: 22641 . COSPAR: 1993-028A. Apogee: 233 km (144 mi). Perigee: 189 km (117 mi). Inclination: 70.40 deg. Period: 88.70 min. Topographic mapping for the Army General Staff. Mission normally would have run 44 days..

1994 July 29

09:30 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC31. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz-U-PVB.
  • Cosmos 2284 - . Payload: Yantar-1KFT no. 17. Mass: 6,600 kg (14,500 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MOM. Class: Surveillance. Type: Cartographic satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Yantar. Spacecraft: Yantar-1KFT. Duration: 44.00 days. Decay Date: 1994-09-11 . USAF Sat Cat: 23187 . COSPAR: 1994-044A. Apogee: 274 km (170 mi). Perigee: 211 km (131 mi). Inclination: 70.30 deg. Period: 89.35 min. Topographic mapping for the Army General Staff. Landed September 11 1994..

1996 May 14

08:55 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC31. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz-U-PVB. FAILURE: Shroud broke up at T+49 seconds.. Failed Stage: S.
  • Kometa - . Payload: Yantar-1KFT no. 18. Mass: 6,600 kg (14,500 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: VKS. Class: Surveillance. Type: Cartographic satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Yantar. Spacecraft: Yantar-1KFT. Topographic mapping satellite failed to reach orbit..

1998 February 17

10:35 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC31. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz-U-PVB.
  • Cosmos 2349 - . Payload: Yantar-1KFT s/n 19. Mass: 6,600 kg (14,500 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: RAKA. Manufacturer: Kozlov bureau. Class: Surveillance. Type: Cartographic satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Yantar. Spacecraft: Yantar-1KFT. Duration: 44.00 days. Decay Date: 1998-04-02 . USAF Sat Cat: 25167 . COSPAR: 1998-009A. Apogee: 327 km (203 mi). Perigee: 212 km (131 mi). Inclination: 70.40 deg. Period: 89.90 min. Topographic mapping for the Army General Staff. Landed in Kazakhstan April 2 1998..

2000 September 29

09:30 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC31. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz-U-PVB.
  • Cosmos 2373 - . Mass: 6,600 kg (14,500 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Manufacturer: Kozlov bureau. Class: Surveillance. Type: Cartographic satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Yantar. Spacecraft: Yantar-1KFT. Duration: 46.56 days. Decay Date: 2000-11-14 . USAF Sat Cat: 26552 . COSPAR: 2000-058A. Apogee: 285 km (177 mi). Perigee: 211 km (131 mi). Inclination: 70.30 deg. Period: 89.46 min.

    Twentieth Kometa cartographic satellite, using the Yantar service module with a Vostok-type reentry vehicle. It was announced as a dual civil-military geodetic mission. After a day it raised its orbit to 211 x 285 km x 70.4 deg. Landed near Orenburg, Russia on November 14. Deorbit burn was probably around 2230 GMT; the Vostok-style sphere landed at 2253 GMT.

2005 September 2

09:50 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC31. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz-U-PVB.
  • Cosmos 2415 - . Payload: Kometa s/n 21. Mass: 6,600 kg (14,500 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: VKS. Manufacturer: Kozlov bureau. Class: Surveillance. Type: Cartographic satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Yantar. Spacecraft: Yantar-1KFT. Duration: 44.00 days. Decay Date: 2005-10-16 . USAF Sat Cat: 28841 . COSPAR: 2005-034A. Apogee: 272 km (169 mi). Perigee: 205 km (127 mi). Inclination: 64.90 deg. Period: 89.30 min. 1,700th launch of a vehicle derived from the R-7 ICBM put a Kometa-type cartographic satellite into orbit. The surveillance satellite's primary camera and film payload was recovered at 21:44 on 15 or 16 October..