Molniya 8K78-3

LOx/Kerosene propellant rocket stage. Stage designed as fourth stage to take R-7 launched payloads into deep space. Adapted from the Luna / Vostok third stage, but with restart capability. The 700 kg BOZ ullage motors and stabilization platform jettisoned prior to main stage burn. Original version.

Originally designed by Korolev; passed to Isayev for production. Began a series of engines leading through the 8D726 for GR-1 to the Block D for the N1 and Proton. Earliest versions with 6380 kgf and 338.5 sec specific impulse.

Cost $ : 3.000 million.