Energia M

Launch vehicle originally designed in the 1980's to fulfill the third generation 20-30 metric tons to orbit launcher requirement. It was an adaptation of the Energia launch vehicle, using two strap-on booster units instead of four, and a reduced-diameter core using a single RD-0120 engine instead of four. In the 1990's a structural test article was built and it was proposed that several Energia-M's be launched for commercial customers using surplus Energia components. No buyers came forward for the untested design.

It was later proposed as an alternate for the Angara launch vehicle, but it was not accepted for that role since Angara was to be an all-Russian design (the Energia boosters were built in Ukraine).

LEO Payload: 34,000 kg (74,000 lb) to a 200 km orbit. Flyaway Unit Cost 1985$: 80.000 million.

Stage Data - Energia M

• Stage 0. 2 x Energia Strapon. Gross Mass: 355,000 kg (782,000 lb). Empty Mass: 35,000 kg (77,000 lb). Thrust (vac): 7,906.100 kN (1,777,362 lbf). Isp: 337 sec. Burn time: 145 sec. Isp(sl): 309 sec. Diameter: 3.90 m (12.70 ft). Span: 4.20 m (13.70 ft). Length: 37.70 m (123.60 ft). Propellants: Lox/Kerosene. No Engines: 1. Engine: RD-170. Status: Out of Production. Comments: Essentially identical to Zenit stage 1.

• Stage 1. 1 x Energia M. Gross Mass: 272,000 kg (599,000 lb). Empty Mass: 28,000 kg (61,000 lb). Thrust (vac): 1,960.000 kN (440,620 lbf). Isp: 455 sec. Burn time: 550 sec. Isp(sl): 352 sec. Diameter: 7.70 m (25.20 ft). Span: 7.70 m (25.20 ft). Length: 20.00 m (65.00 ft). Propellants: Lox/LH2. No Engines: 1. Engine: RD-0120M. Status: Development 1993.