Chronology - Quarter 1 1988

home topic index

Previous Home Next 1988 - Launch Vehicle: Ariane 5. Model: Ariane 5G. Full scale development of Ariane 5 launch vehicle authorised. Nation: France. The Ariane 5 was a completely new design, with a single-engine Lox/LH2 core stage flanked by two solid rocket boosters. Full scale development cost $ 8 billion. 1988 During the Year - MAKS draft project completed Nation: USSR. Spacecraft: MAKS Orbiter. The MAKS spaceplane draft project consisted of 220 volumes, generated by NPO Molniya and 70 sub-contractors and government institutes. Development of MAKS was authorised but cancelled after Perestroika. At the time of the cancellation, mock-ups of both the MAKS orbiter and the external tank had been finished. Since it was expected that MAKS could reduce the cost of transport to earth orbit by a factor of ten, it was hoped in the 1990’s that development funding could be found. However this has not happened to date. 1988? - Launch Site: Taiyuan. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: DF-15. Test mission Nation: China. Agency: PRC. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi). References: 2. 1988 January 6 - 07:41 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC32. Launch Pad: LC32/pad?. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon. Model: Tsiklon-3. Cosmos 1908 Nation: USSR. Program: Tselina. Payload: Tselina-D no. 64. Mass: 1,600 kg (3,500 lb). Class: Sigint. Spacecraft: Tselina-D. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 600 km (370 mi). Apogee: 626 km (388 mi). Inclination: 82.50 deg. Period: 97.00 min. COSPAR: 1988-001A. USAF Sat Cat: 18748. References: 2, 6. 1988 January 15 - 03:49 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC32. Launch Pad: LC32/pad?. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon. Model: Tsiklon-3. Cosmos 1909 Nation: USSR. Program: Strela. Payload: Strela-3 no. 23. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military Store-dump. Spacecraft: Strela-3. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 1,411 km (876 mi). Apogee: 1,413 km (877 mi). Inclination: 82.60 deg. Period: 114.00 min. COSPAR: 1988-002A. USAF Sat Cat: 18788. Military store-dump communications satellite. Six satellites launched by a single carrier rocket. References: 2, 6, 105. Cosmos 1910 Nation: USSR. Program: Strela. Payload: Strela-3 no. 24. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military Store-dump. Spacecraft: Strela-3. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 1,407 km (874 mi). Apogee: 1,411 km (876 mi). Inclination: 82.60 deg. Period: 114.00 min. COSPAR: 1988-002B. USAF Sat Cat: 18789. References: 2, 6, 105. Cosmos 1911 Nation: USSR. Program: Strela. Payload: Strela-3 no. 25. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military Store-dump. Spacecraft: Strela-3. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 1,400 km (800 mi). Apogee: 1,411 km (876 mi). Inclination: 82.60 deg. Period: 113.90 min. COSPAR: 1988-002C. USAF Sat Cat: 18790. References: 2, 6, 105. Cosmos 1912 Nation: USSR. Program: Strela. Payload: Strela-3 no. 26. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military Store-dump. Spacecraft: Strela-3. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 1,395 km (866 mi). Apogee: 1,411 km (876 mi). Inclination: 82.60 deg. Period: 113.90 min. COSPAR: 1988-002D. USAF Sat Cat: 18791. References: 2, 6, 105. Cosmos 1913 Nation: USSR. Program: Strela. Payload: Strela-3 no. 27. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military Store-dump. Spacecraft: Strela-3. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 1,390 km (860 mi). Apogee: 1,411 km (876 mi). Inclination: 82.60 deg. Period: 113.80 min. COSPAR: 1988-002E. USAF Sat Cat: 18792. References: 2, 6, 105. Cosmos 1914 Nation: USSR. Program: Strela. Payload: Strela-3 no. 28. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military Store-dump. Spacecraft: Strela-3. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 1,383 km (859 mi). Apogee: 1,411 km (876 mi). Inclination: 82.60 deg. Period: 113.70 min. COSPAR: 1988-002F. USAF Sat Cat: 18793. References: 2, 6, 105. 1988 January 16 - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Jubilee. Launch Pad: -. Buran Analog BST-02 flight 16 Nation: USSR. Program: Buran. Class: Manned. Type: Spaceplane. Spacecraft: Buran Analogue. Location of Spacecraft: Zhukovskiy Aerodrome, Moscow. Crew: Stankiavicius, Volk. References: 81. 1988 January 18 - Launch Site: Vandenberg. Launch Complex: LF03. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Minuteman 1. Model: Minuteman 1B. RSLP TDMaRV re-entry vehicle test flight Nation: USA. Agency: USAF AFSC. Apogee: 1,300 km (800 mi). References: 2. 1988 January 18 - 09:58 GMT - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: LC200/40. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Proton. Model: Proton-K/DM-2. LV Configuration: Proton-K/DM-2 341-02. FAILURE: Third stage malfunction. Gorizont s/n 25L Nation: USSR. Payload: Gorizont s/n 25L. Mass: 2,100 kg (4,600 lb). Class: Communications. Spacecraft: Gorizont. Agency: UNKS. COSPAR: F880118A. References: 67, 111, 274. 1988 January 19 - 08:40 GMT - Launch Site: Poker Flat. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant 10. LV Configuration: Black Brant X NASA 35.017UE. TOPAZ II Plasma mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 926 km (575 mi). References: 2. 1988 January 20 - 22:51 GMT - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: LC1. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz. Model: Soyuz 11A511U2. Progress 34 Nation: USSR. Program: Mir. Payload: Progress s/n 142. Mass: 7,078 kg (15,604 lb). Class: Manned. Type: Logistics. Spacecraft: Progress. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 329 km (204 mi). Apogee: 347 km (215 mi). Inclination: 51.60 deg. Period: 91.30 min. COSPAR: 1988-003A. USAF Sat Cat: 18795. Duration: 43.36 days. Completed Operations Date: 1988-03-05 07:29:36 PM. Decay Date: 1988-03-05 07:29:36 PM. Flight: Mir EO-3. Unmanned resupply vessel to Mir. Docked on 23 Jan 1988 00:09:09 GMT. Undocked on 4 Mar 1988 03:40:09 GMT. Destroyed in reentry on 4 Mar 1988 07:29:30 GMT. Total free-flight time 2.21 days. Total docked time 41.15 days. References: 2, 6, 275. 1988 January 23 - 18:30 GMT - Launch Site: White Sands. Launch Complex: LC36. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant 9. LV Configuration: Black Brant IX NASA 36.29GU. Aeronomy mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 300 km (180 mi). References: 2. 1988 January 24 - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Jubilee. Launch Pad: -. Buran Analog BST-02 flight 17 Nation: USSR. Program: Buran. Class: Manned. Type: Spaceplane. Spacecraft: Buran Analogue. Location of Spacecraft: Zhukovskiy Aerodrome, Moscow. Crew: Bachurin, Borodai. References: 81. 1988 January 25 - 02:00 GMT - Launch Site: Kagoshima. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Kappa. Model: Kappa 9M. LV Configuration: Kappa 9M K-9M-81. COREX Ionosphere mission Nation: Japan. Agency: ISAS. Apogee: 359 km (223 mi). References: 2. 1988 January 26 - 11:20 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz. Model: Soyuz 11A511U. Cosmos 1915 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Class: Earth. Type: Landsat. Spacecraft: Zenit-8. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 190 km (110 mi). Apogee: 372 km (231 mi). Inclination: 73.00 deg. Period: 90.20 min. COSPAR: 1988-004A. USAF Sat Cat: 18809. Duration: 14.00 days. Decay Date: 1988-02-09. Military cartographic satellite; returned film capsule. References: 2, 6. 1988 January 28 - 02:00 GMT - Launch Site: Kagoshima. Launch Complex: L. Launch Pad: K. Launch Vehicle: S. Model: S-310. LV Configuration: S-310-18. D-region Ionosphere / aeronomy mission Nation: Japan. Agency: ISAS. Apogee: 202 km (125 mi). References: 2. 1988 January 29 - Launch Site: Vandenberg. Launch Complex: LF26. Launch Pad: LF26?. Launch Vehicle: Minuteman 3. FOT GT125GB-1 Follow-on Test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USAF SAC. Apogee: 1,300 km (800 mi). References: 2. 1988 January 29 - 19:03 GMT - Launch Site: Wallops Island. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant 9. LV Configuration: Black Brant IX NASA 36.39UE. Plasma mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 300 km (180 mi). References: 2. 1988 January 30 - 11:00 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC32. Launch Pad: LC32/pad?. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon. Model: Tsiklon-3. Meteor 2-17 Nation: USSR. Payload: Meteor-2 no. 17. Mass: 2,750 kg (6,060 lb). Class: Earth. Type: Weather. Spacecraft: Meteor-2. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 934 km (580 mi). Apogee: 958 km (595 mi). Inclination: 82.50 deg. Period: 104.00 min. COSPAR: 1988-005A. USAF Sat Cat: 18820. Gathering meteorological information and data on penetrating radiation fluxes in circumterrestrial space. References: 2, 6. 1988 February 3 - 05:53 GMT - Launch Site: Vandenberg. Launch Complex: SLC3W. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Atlas. Model: Atlas E. LV Configuration: Atlas E 54E / Star-37S-ISS. USA 29 Nation: USA. Program: DMSP. Payload: DMSP S-8/Star 37S S/N 15021. Mass: 750 kg (1,650 lb). Class: Earth. Type: Weather. Spacecraft: DMSP Block 5D-2. Agency: USAF. Perigee: 807 km (501 mi). Apogee: 817 km (507 mi). Inclination: 98.50 deg. Period: 101.10 min. COSPAR: 1988-006A. USAF Sat Cat: 18822. Defense Meteorological Satellite Program. References: 2, 6, 278. 1988 February 3 - 12:15 GMT - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: LC1. Launch Pad: LC1 or LC31. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz. Model: Soyuz 11A511U. Cosmos 1916 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,600 kg (14,500 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Yantar-4K1. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 168 km (104 mi). Apogee: 352 km (218 mi). Inclination: 64.90 deg. Period: 89.70 min. COSPAR: 1988-007A. USAF Sat Cat: 18823. Duration: 24.00 days. Decay Date: 1988-02-29. High resolution photo reconnaissance. Spacecraft failed. Blown up in orbit on February 27. References: 2, 6, 179. 1988 February 8 - 22:08 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC17B. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Delta. Model: Delta 3910. LV Configuration: Delta 3910 D181. USA 30 Nation: USA. Payload: Delta 181 Canister Cluster. Mass: 6,000 kg (13,200 lb). Class: Military. Type: SDI. Spacecraft: SDI. Agency: SDIO. Perigee: 225 km (139 mi). Apogee: 342 km (212 mi). Inclination: 28.60 deg. Period: 90.20 min. COSPAR: 1988-008A. USAF Sat Cat: 18847. Decay Date: 1988-03-01. Military tracking exercise; released subsatellites. Spacecraft engaged in research and exploration of the upper atmosphere or outer space (US Cat B). References: 2, 6. Delta 181 Sensor Module Nation: USA. Payload: Thrusted Vector Sensor Mo. Spacecraft: SDI. Agency: SDIO. Perigee: 287 km (178 mi). Apogee: 314 km (195 mi). Inclination: 30.70 deg. Period: 90.53 min. COSPAR: 1988-008B. USAF Sat Cat: 18848. Decay Date: 1988-04-02. References: 2, 279. Sensor Cal Reference Subsat Nation: USA. Payload: Group 1 Cal Object. Spacecraft: SDI. Agency: NASA. COSPAR: 1988-008xx. References: 2, 279. Delta 181 Subsatellite 5 Nation: USA. Payload: Group 1 Test Object. Spacecraft: SDI. Agency: NASA. COSPAR: 1988-008xx. References: 2, 279. Delta 181 Subsatellite 10 Nation: USA. Payload: Group 2 Test Object. Spacecraft: SDI. Agency: NASA. COSPAR: 1988-008xx. USAF Sat Cat: 18847. Decay Date: 1988-03-01. References: 2, 279. Delta 181 Subsatellite 9 Nation: USA. Payload: Group 2 Test Object. Spacecraft: SDI. Agency: NASA. COSPAR: 1988-008xx. References: 2, 279. Delta 181 Subsatellite 8 Nation: USA. Payload: Group 2 Test Object. Spacecraft: SDI. Agency: NASA. COSPAR: 1988-008xx. References: 2, 279. Solid Motor Subsatellite Nation: USA. Payload: Group 2 Test Object. Spacecraft: SDI. Agency: NASA. COSPAR: 1988-008xx. References: 2, 279. Delta 181 Subsatellite 11 Nation: USA. Payload: Group 2 Test Object. Spacecraft: SDI. Agency: NASA. COSPAR: 1988-008xx. USAF Sat Cat: 18847. Decay Date: 1988-03-01. References: 2, 279. Delta 181 Subsatellite 4 Nation: USA. Payload: Group 1 Test Object. Spacecraft: SDI. Agency: NASA. COSPAR: 1988-008xx. References: 2, 279. Delta 181 Subsatellite 3 Nation: USA. Payload: Group 1 Test Object. Spacecraft: SDI. Agency: NASA. COSPAR: 1988-008xx. References: 2, 279. Delta 181 Subsatellite 2 Nation: USA. Payload: Group 1 Test Object. Spacecraft: SDI. Agency: NASA. COSPAR: 1988-008xx. References: 2, 279. Delta 181 Subsatellite 1 Nation: USA. Payload: Group 1 Test Object. Spacecraft: SDI. Agency: NASA. COSPAR: 1988-008xx. USAF Sat Cat: 18847. Decay Date: 1988-03-01. References: 2, 279. SPX Nation: USA. Spacecraft: SDI. Agency: NASA. COSPAR: 1988-008xx. References: 2, 279. Delta 181 Subsatellite 7 Nation: USA. Payload: Group 2 Test Object. Spacecraft: SDI. Agency: NASA. COSPAR: 1988-008xx. References: 2, 279. 1988 February 9 - Launch Site: Barking Sands. Launch Complex: LC1. Launch Pad: LC1?. Launch Vehicle: Strypi. Model: Strypi XI. Reentry test Nation: USA. Agency: SDIO. Apogee: 200 km (120 mi). References: 2. 1988 February 9 - 08:16 GMT - Launch Site: Poker Flat. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant 9. LV Configuration: Black Brant IX NASA 36.15UE. ECHO VII Plasma / tether mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 292 km (181 mi). References: 2. 1988 February 12 - International Cosmonaut Training Group selected. Nation: Afghanistan. Training group of Afghan 'guest cosmonauts' for a propaganda flight to the Mir space station. 1988 February 16 - 13:34 GMT - Launch Site: Woomera. Launch Complex: LA2. Launch Pad: LA2 N. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant 9. LV Configuration: Black Brant IX NASA 36.022GH. SXS? X-ray astronomy mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 300 km (180 mi). References: 2. 1988 February 17 - 00:23 GMT - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: LC200/39. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Proton. Model: Proton-K/DM-2. LV Configuration: Proton-K/DM-2 346-02. FAILURE: Block DM-2 failure, remained in LEO. Cosmos 1917 Nation: USSR. Payload: Glonass s/n 38L. Mass: 1,400 kg (3,000 lb). Class: Navigation. Spacecraft: Glonass . Agency: MOM. Perigee: 134 km (83 mi). Apogee: 152 km (94 mi). Inclination: 64.80 deg. Period: 87.30 min. COSPAR: 1988-009A. USAF Sat Cat: 18857. Decay Date: 1988-02-17. Triple Glonass launch; three satellites (Cosmos 1917, 1918, 1919) failed to separate. A Proton carrier rocket was put into staging orbit to test components, also apparatus for a space navigation system. The satellites were not put into their designed orbit owing to a malfunction in the separation assembly controls. References: 2, 6, 67, 274. Cosmos 1918 Nation: USSR. Payload: Glonass s/n 37L. Mass: 1,400 kg (3,000 lb). Class: Navigation. Spacecraft: Glonass. Agency: RVSN. Perigee: 166 km (103 mi). Apogee: 194 km (120 mi). Inclination: 64.80 deg. Period: 87.90 min. COSPAR: 1988-009B. USAF Sat Cat: 18857. Decay Date: 1988-02-17. Triple Glonass launch; three satellites (Cosmos 1917, 1918, 1919) failed to separate. A Proton carrier rocket was put into staging orbit to test components, also apparatus for a space navigation system. The satellites were not put into their designed orbit owing to a malfunction in the separation assembly controls. References: 2, 6, 67, 274. Cosmos 1919 Nation: USSR. Payload: Glonass s/n 36L. Mass: 1,400 kg (3,000 lb). Class: Navigation. Spacecraft: Glonass. Agency: RVSN. Perigee: 166 km (103 mi). Apogee: 194 km (120 mi). Inclination: 64.80 deg. Period: 87.90 min. COSPAR: 1988-009C. USAF Sat Cat: 18857. Decay Date: 1988-02-17. Triple Glonass launch; three satellites (Cosmos 1917, 1918, 1919) failed to separate. A Proton carrier rocket was put into staging orbit to test components, also apparatus for a space navigation system. The satellites were not put into their designed orbit owing to a malfunction in the separation assembly controls. References: 2, 6, 67, 274. Cosmos 1918 Nation: USSR. Payload: Glonass s/n 37L. Class: Navigation. Spacecraft: Glonass. Agency: UNKS. COSPAR: 1988-009xx. References: 2, 279. Cosmos 1919 Nation: USSR. Payload: Glonass s/n 36L. Class: Navigation. Spacecraft: Glonass. Agency: UNKS. COSPAR: 1988-009xx. References: 2, 279. 1988 February 18 - 09:50 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC16/2. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz. Model: Soyuz 11A511U. Cosmos 1920 Nation: USSR. Program: Resurs. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Class: Earth. Type: Landsat. Spacecraft: Resurs F1-14F40. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 185 km (114 mi). Apogee: 232 km (144 mi). Inclination: 82.60 deg. Period: 88.70 min. COSPAR: 1988-010A. USAF Sat Cat: 18860. Duration: 20.00 days. Decay Date: 1988-03-09. Investigation of the natural resources of the earth in the interests of various branches of the national economy of the USSR and international cooperation. References: 2, 6. 1988 February 19 - 08:00 GMT - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: LC1. Launch Pad: LC1 or LC31. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz. Model: Soyuz 11A511U. Cosmos 1921 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Class: Earth. Type: Landsat. Spacecraft: Zenit-8. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 202 km (125 mi). Apogee: 375 km (233 mi). Inclination: 70.00 deg. Period: 90.30 min. COSPAR: 1988-011A. USAF Sat Cat: 18875. Duration: 14.00 days. Decay Date: 1988-03-04. Military cartographic satellite; returned film capsule. References: 2, 6. 1988 February 19 - 10:05 GMT - Launch Site: Tanegashima. Launch Complex: N. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Delta. Model: H-1. LV Configuration: H-1 H-18(F). Sakura 3A Nation: Japan. Program: CS. Payload: CS-3A. Mass: 1,100 kg (2,400 lb). Class: Communications. Spacecraft: CS-3. Agency: NASDA/TC. Perigee: 36,376 km (22,602 mi). Apogee: 36,415 km (22,627 mi). Inclination: 4.90 deg. Period: 1,467.30 min. COSPAR: 1988-012A. USAF Sat Cat: 18877. Completed Operations Date: 1996-09-28. Stationed at 132 deg E. CS-3A (Sakura 3-A). To continue communications services provided by the communications satellite 2 (CS-2). To meet increasing and diversifying demands for communications. To develop technologies for communications satellites. Launch vehicle H18F. Launchin g organization NASDA. Launch time 1005 GMT. Positioned in geosynchronous orbit at 132 deg E in 1988-1996 As of 2 September 2001 located at 85.60 deg E drifting at 7.699 deg W per day. As of 2007 Mar 10 located at 71.73E drifting at 7.700W degrees per day. References: 2, 6. 1988 February 23 - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Jubilee. Launch Pad: -. Buran Analog BST-02 flight 18 Nation: USSR. Program: Buran. Class: Manned. Type: Spaceplane. Spacecraft: Buran Analogue. Location of Spacecraft: Zhukovskiy Aerodrome, Moscow. Crew: Bachurin, Borodai. Time 22 minutes. References: 81. 1988 February 25 - Launch Site: Sriharikota. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Prithvi. LV Configuration: Prithvi 1. Test mission Nation: India. Agency: IDRDL. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi). References: 2. 1988 February 26 - 09:00 GMT - EVA Mir EO-3-1 Nation: USSR. Program: Mir. Class: Manned. Type: Space station. Spacecraft: Mir. Crew: Titov Vladimir, Manarov. Flight: Mir EO-3. EVA Duration: 0.18 days. Completed solar array installation. Inspected exterior of station. References: 66. 1988 February 26 - 09:31 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC41/1. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz. Model: Molniya 8K78M. LV Configuration: Molniya 8K78M-2BL. Cosmos 1922 Nation: USSR. Payload: Oko #56. Mass: 1,800 kg (3,900 lb). Class: Early Warning. Spacecraft: Oko. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 6,225 km (3,868 mi). Apogee: 34,181 km (21,239 mi). Inclination: 67.60 deg. Period: 718.80 min. COSPAR: 1988-013A. USAF Sat Cat: 18881. Covered Oko constellation plane 5 - 75 degree longitude of ascending node. References: 2, 6, 100. 1988 February 27 - 15:27 GMT - Launch Site: ETR Launch Area. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Trident. Model: Trident C-4. Demonstration and shakedown operations launch Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi). References: 2. 1988 February 28 - 12:10 GMT - Launch Site: Woomera. Launch Complex: LA2. Launch Pad: LA2 N. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant 9. LV Configuration: Black Brant IX NASA 36.032UH. X-ray astronomy mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 300 km (180 mi). References: 2. 1988 February 29 - 08:34 GMT - Launch Site: Kiruna. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant 9. LV Configuration: Black Brant IX MASER 2. Microgravity mission Nation: Sweden. Agency: SSC. Apogee: 318 km (197 mi). References: 2. 1988 March - Launch Vehicle: Babylon Gun. Iraq contracts with Gerard Bull for a space-launch supergun. Nation: Iraq. Bull received a contract to build two full sized 'Project Babylon' 1000 mm superguns and one 'Baby Babylon' 350 mm prototype for a total of $25 million. The project was given the cover designation 'PC-2' (Petrochemical Complex-2). British engineer Christopher Cowley was the project manager. 1988 March 4 - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Jubilee. Launch Pad: -. Buran Analog BST-02 flight 19 Nation: USSR. Program: Buran. Class: Manned. Type: Spaceplane. Spacecraft: Buran Analogue. Location of Spacecraft: Zhukovskiy Aerodrome, Moscow. Crew: Stankiavicius, Volk. Time 32 minutes. References: 81. 1988 March 4 - 06:55 GMT - Launch Site: Poker Flat. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant 10. LV Configuration: Black Brant X NASA 35.023GE. UCB Alaska '88 Plasma mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi). References: 2. 1988 March 7 - Launch Site: Kwajalein. Launch Complex: RN. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Super Chief. Model: Talos Sergeant Hydac. FAILURE: Failure. HAVE JEEP VII-B Target mission Nation: USA. Agency: ASMS. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). References: 2. 1988 March 7 - 12:41 GMT - Launch Site: Xichang. Launch Complex: LC1. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: CZ. Model: CZ-3. LV Configuration: Chang Zheng 3 CZ3-4 (17). Zhongxing-1 Nation: China. Payload: STTW 2. Mass: 1,024 kg (2,257 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military. Spacecraft: DFH-2. Agency: Chinasat. Perigee: 35,786 km (22,236 mi). Apogee: 35,789 km (22,238 mi). Inclination: 0.50 deg. Period: 1,436.20 min. COSPAR: 1988-014A. USAF Sat Cat: 18922. Completed Operations Date: 1997-07-01. Operated in geosynchronous orbit at 87 deg E in 1988-1997. As of 28 August 2001 located at 87.94 deg E drifting at 0.038 deg E per day. As of 2007 Mar 11 located at 64.00E drifting at 0.067E degrees per day. References: 2, 6. 1988 March 10 - 10:30 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz. Model: Soyuz 11A511U. Cosmos 1923 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Class: Earth. Type: Landsat. Spacecraft: Zenit-8. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 190 km (110 mi). Apogee: 302 km (187 mi). Inclination: 72.90 deg. Period: 89.40 min. COSPAR: 1988-015A. USAF Sat Cat: 18931. Duration: 12.00 days. Decay Date: 1988-03-22. Military cartographic satellite; returned film capsule. References: 2, 6. 1988 March 11 - 00:18 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/1. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Model: Kosmos 11K65M. LV Configuration: Kosmos 11K65M 47161-263. Cosmos 1924 Nation: USSR. Program: Strela. Payload: Strela-1M no. 321. Mass: 40 kg (88 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military Store-dump. Spacecraft: Strela-1M. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 1,461 km (907 mi). Apogee: 1,514 km (940 mi). Inclination: 74.00 deg. Period: 115.70 min. COSPAR: 1988-016A. USAF Sat Cat: 18937. Eight satellites launched by a single carrier rocket. References: 2, 6. Cosmos 1925 Nation: USSR. Program: Strela. Payload: Strela-1M no. 322. Mass: 40 kg (88 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military Store-dump. Spacecraft: Strela-1M. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 1,460 km (900 mi). Apogee: 1,497 km (930 mi). Inclination: 74.00 deg. Period: 115.50 min. COSPAR: 1988-016B. USAF Sat Cat: 18938. References: 2, 6. Cosmos 1926 Nation: USSR. Program: Strela. Payload: Strela-1M no. 323. Mass: 40 kg (88 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military Store-dump. Spacecraft: Strela-1M. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 1,460 km (900 mi). Apogee: 1,479 km (919 mi). Inclination: 74.00 deg. Period: 115.30 min. COSPAR: 1988-016C. USAF Sat Cat: 18939. References: 2, 6. Cosmos 1927 Nation: USSR. Program: Strela. Payload: Strela-1M no. 324. Mass: 40 kg (88 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military Store-dump. Spacecraft: Strela-1M. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 1,455 km (904 mi). Apogee: 1,467 km (911 mi). Inclination: 74.00 deg. Period: 115.10 min. COSPAR: 1988-016D. USAF Sat Cat: 18940. References: 2, 6. Cosmos 1928 Nation: USSR. Program: Strela. Payload: Strela-1M no. 325. Mass: 40 kg (88 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military Store-dump. Spacecraft: Strela-1M. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 1,444 km (897 mi). Apogee: 1,461 km (907 mi). Inclination: 74.00 deg. Period: 114.90 min. COSPAR: 1988-016E. USAF Sat Cat: 18941. References: 2, 6. Cosmos 1929 Nation: USSR. Program: Strela. Payload: Strela-1M no. 326. Mass: 40 kg (88 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military Store-dump. Spacecraft: Strela-1M. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 1,429 km (887 mi). Apogee: 1,461 km (907 mi). Inclination: 74.00 deg. Period: 114.80 min. COSPAR: 1988-016F. USAF Sat Cat: 18942. References: 2, 6. Cosmos 1930 Nation: USSR. Program: Strela. Payload: Strela-1M no. 327. Mass: 40 kg (88 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military Store-dump. Spacecraft: Strela-1M. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 1,414 km (878 mi). Apogee: 1,460 km (900 mi). Inclination: 74.00 deg. Period: 114.60 min. COSPAR: 1988-016G. USAF Sat Cat: 18943. References: 2, 6. Cosmos 1931 Nation: USSR. Program: Strela. Payload: Strela-1M no. 328. Mass: 40 kg (88 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military Store-dump. Spacecraft: Strela-1M. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 1,398 km (868 mi). Apogee: 1,461 km (907 mi). Inclination: 74.00 deg. Period: 114.40 min. COSPAR: 1988-016H. USAF Sat Cat: 18944. References: 2, 6. 1988 March 11 - 06:38 GMT - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: LC1. Launch Pad: LC1 or LC31. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz. Model: Molniya 8K78M. LV Configuration: Molniya 8K78M-ML. Molniya 1-71 Nation: USSR. Program: Molniya. Payload: Molniya-1T. Mass: 1,800 kg (3,900 lb). Class: Communications. Spacecraft: Molniya-1T. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 1,199 km (745 mi). Apogee: 39,149 km (24,326 mi). Inclination: 63.80 deg. Period: 717.70 min. COSPAR: 1988-017A. USAF Sat Cat: 18946. Operation of the long-range telephone and telegraph radio communications system in the USSR; transmission of USSR Central Television programmes to stations in the Orbita network. References: 2, 6. 1988 March 11 - 23:28 GMT - Launch Site: Kourou. Launch Complex: ELA1. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Ariane. Model: Ariane 3. LV Configuration: Ariane 3 V21. Spacenet F3R Nation: USA. Program: GTE. Payload: Spacenet 3R. Mass: 1,212 kg (2,672 lb). Class: Communications. Spacecraft: AS 3000. Manufacturer: Lockheed Martin. Agency: France T. Perigee: 35,935 km (22,328 mi). Apogee: 35,980 km (22,350 mi). Inclination: 2.40 deg. Period: 1,444.90 min. COSPAR: 1988-018A. USAF Sat Cat: 18951. Completed Operations Date: 1999-12-01. US domestic communications; 87 deg W. C, Ku band communications satellite. Positioned in geosynchronous orbit at 87 deg W in 1988-1997; 83 deg W in 1997-1999 As of 2 September 2001 located at 107.85 deg W drifting at 2.220 deg W per day. As of 2007 Mar 9 located at 153.60E drifting at 2.179W degrees per day. References: 2, 6. Telecom 1C Nation: France. Program: Telecom. Mass: 1,210 kg (2,660 lb). Class: Communications. Spacecraft: Eurostar 2000. Manufacturer: Matra Marconi Space-France, Toulouse. Agency: GTE. Perigee: 36,037 km (22,392 mi). Apogee: 36,860 km (22,900 mi). Inclination: 5.50 deg. Period: 1,470.10 min. COSPAR: 1988-018B. USAF Sat Cat: 18952. Completed Operations Date: 1996-03-22. French domestic communications; 5 deg E. Communications satellite. Registration France 1984-2.B (Telecom 1A) 1985-2.B (Telecom 1B). 1988-1-C (Telecom 1C). Positioned in geosynchronous orbit at 5 deg W in 1988-1992; 3 deg E in 1992-1996 As of 5 September 2001 located at 109.19 deg W drifting at 8.404 deg W per day. As of 2007 Mar 10 located at 34.65E drifting at 8.341W degrees per day. References: 2, 6. 1988 March 12 - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Jubilee. Launch Pad: -. Buran Analog BST-02 flight 20 Nation: USSR. Program: Buran. Class: Manned. Type: Spaceplane. Spacecraft: Buran Analogue. Location of Spacecraft: Zhukovskiy Aerodrome, Moscow. Crew: Bachurin, Borodai. References: 81. 1988 March 13 - 13:34 GMT - Launch Site: Woomera. Launch Complex: LA2. Launch Pad: LA2 N. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant 9. LV Configuration: Black Brant IX NASA 36.027UG. Astronomy mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 300 km (180 mi). References: 2. 1988 March 14 - 14:21 GMT - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/pad?. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon. Model: Tsiklon-2. Cosmos 1932 Nation: USSR. Program: RORSAT. Mass: 3,800 kg (8,300 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Naval Radarsat. Spacecraft: US-A. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 920 km (570 mi). Apogee: 1,008 km (626 mi). Inclination: 65.10 deg. Period: 104.40 min. COSPAR: 1988-019B. USAF Sat Cat: 19160. Decay Date: 1988-06-29. Ocean surveillance; nuclear powered - last launch of the US-AM. Programme cancelled by Gorbachev. References: 2, 6. 1988 March 15 - 18:50 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC32. Launch Pad: LC32/pad?. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon. Model: Tsiklon-3. Cosmos 1933 Nation: USSR. Program: Tselina. Payload: Tselina-D no. 65. Mass: 1,600 kg (3,500 lb). Class: Sigint. Spacecraft: Tselina-D. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 605 km (375 mi). Apogee: 629 km (390 mi). Inclination: 82.50 deg. Period: 97.10 min. COSPAR: 1988-020A. USAF Sat Cat: 18958. References: 2, 6. 1988 March 17 - 06:43 GMT - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: LC31. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz. Model: Vostok 8A92M. IRS-1A Nation: India. Payload: IRS 1A. Mass: 975 kg (2,149 lb). Class: Earth. Type: Landsat. Spacecraft: IRS. Agency: ISRO. Perigee: 897 km (557 mi). Apogee: 917 km (569 mi). Inclination: 99.00 deg. Period: 103.10 min. COSPAR: 1988-021A. USAF Sat Cat: 18960. Indian remote sensing; 1st Soviet commercial launch. Indian Remote Sensing Satellite (IRS-1A). Operational remote sensing of the Earth for natural resources management applications. Also registered by the USSR as object no. 2387 in ST/SG/SER.E/182 and orbital parameters 102.7 min, 863 x 917 km x 99.01 deg. References: 2, 6. 1988 March 17 - 20:25 GMT - Launch Site: White Sands. Launch Complex: LC36. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant 9. LV Configuration: Black Brant IX NASA 36.36US. Solar mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 300 km (180 mi). References: 2. 1988 March 17 - 20:55 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz. Model: Molniya 8K78M. LV Configuration: Molniya 8K78M-ML. Molniya 1-72 Nation: USSR. Program: Molniya. Payload: Molniya-1T. Mass: 1,800 kg (3,900 lb). Class: Communications. Spacecraft: Molniya-1T. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 2,121 km (1,317 mi). Apogee: 38,228 km (23,753 mi). Inclination: 64.80 deg. Period: 717.70 min. COSPAR: 1988-022A. USAF Sat Cat: 18980. Decay Date: 2001-07-04. Operation of the long-range telephone and telegraph radio communications system in the USSR; transmission of USSR Central Television programmes to stations in the Orbita network. References: 2, 6. 1988 March 18 - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: R-36M. Model: R-36M2 15A18M. FAILURE: Failure. Joint flight trials launch Nation: USSR. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km ( mi). References: 2. 1988 March 21 - 13:01 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: Pershing 2. Operational test Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 2. 1988 March 21 - 13:19 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: Pershing 2. Operational test Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 2. 1988 March 21 - 14:13 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: Pershing 2. Operational test Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 2. 1988 March 21 - 15:45 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: Pershing 2. Operational test Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 2. 1988 March 21 - 16:53 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: Pershing 2. Operational test Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 2. 1988 March 22 - 14:07 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/1. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Model: Kosmos 11K65M. LV Configuration: Kosmos 11K65M 47111-221. Cosmos 1934 Nation: USSR. Mass: 700 kg (1,540 lb). Class: Navigation. Spacecraft: Parus. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 947 km (588 mi). Apogee: 1,009 km (626 mi). Inclination: 83.00 deg. Period: 104.60 min. COSPAR: 1988-023A. USAF Sat Cat: 18985. Military navigation satellite. References: 2, 6. 1988 March 23 - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Jubilee. Launch Pad: -. Buran Analog BST-02 flight 21 Nation: USSR. Program: Buran. Class: Manned. Type: Spaceplane. Spacecraft: Buran Analogue. Location of Spacecraft: Zhukovskiy Aerodrome, Moscow. Crew: Bachurin, Borodai. References: 81. 1988 March 23 - Strategic Defense Initiative Organization (SDIO) broke ground for permanent National Test Facility (NTF) at Falcon AFB, Colorado. Nation: USA. References: 569. 1988 March 23 - 21:05 GMT - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: LC1. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz. Model: Soyuz 11A511U2. Progress 35 Nation: USSR. Program: Mir. Payload: Progress s/n 143. Mass: 7,037 kg (15,513 lb). Class: Manned. Type: Logistics. Spacecraft: Progress. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 185 km (114 mi). Apogee: 262 km (162 mi). Inclination: 51.60 deg. Period: 89.00 min. COSPAR: 1988-024A. USAF Sat Cat: 18992. Duration: 42.41 days. Completed Operations Date: 1988-05-06 06:56:07 PM. Decay Date: 1988-05-06 06:56:07 PM. Flight: Mir EO-3. Unmanned resupply vessel to Mir. Docked on 25 Mar 1988 22:21:35 GMT. Undocked on 5 May 1988 01:36:03 GMT. Destroyed in reentry on 5 May 1988 06:56:19 GMT. Total free-flight time 2.28 days. Total docked time 40.14 days. References: 2, 6, 275. 1988 March 24 - 14:10 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz. Model: Soyuz 11A511U. Cosmos 1935 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,600 kg (14,500 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Yantar-4K1. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 166 km (103 mi). Apogee: 330 km (200 mi). Inclination: 67.20 deg. Period: 89.50 min. COSPAR: 1988-025A. USAF Sat Cat: 19011. Duration: 15.00 days. Decay Date: 1988-04-08. High resolution photo reconnaissance; returned film in two small SpK capsules during the mission and with the main capsule at completion of the mission. References: 2, 6, 179. 1988 March 25 - 19:50 GMT - Launch Site: San Marco. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Scout. Model: Scout G. LV Configuration: Scout G-1 S206C. San Marco D/L Nation: Italy. Payload: San Marco 5. Mass: 236 kg (520 lb). Class: Earth. Type: Atmosphere. Spacecraft: San Marco. Agency: ASI. Perigee: 268 km (166 mi). Apogee: 625 km (388 mi). Inclination: 3.00 deg. Period: 93.50 min. COSPAR: 1988-026A. USAF Sat Cat: 19013. Decay Date: 1988-12-06. Upper atmosphere studies; US, France, Italy participation. References: 2, 6. 1988 March 28 - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Jubilee. Launch Pad: -. Buran Analog BST-02 flight 22 Nation: USSR. Program: Buran. Class: Manned. Type: Spaceplane. Spacecraft: Buran Analogue. Location of Spacecraft: Zhukovskiy Aerodrome, Moscow. Crew: Bachurin, Borodai. References: 81. 1988 March 30 - 12:00 GMT - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: LC1. Launch Pad: LC1 or LC31. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz. Model: Soyuz 11A511U2. Cosmos 1936 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,600 kg (14,500 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Yantar-4KS1. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 182 km (113 mi). Apogee: 266 km (165 mi). Inclination: 64.80 deg. Period: 89.00 min. COSPAR: 1988-027A. USAF Sat Cat: 19015. Duration: 49.00 days. Decay Date: 1988-05-18. Photo/digital surveillance. References: 2, 6. 1988 March 31 - 04:18 GMT - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: LC200/40. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Proton. Model: Proton-K/DM. LV Configuration: Proton-K/DM 343-02. Gorizont 15 Nation: USSR. Payload: Gorizont s/n 26L. Mass: 2,100 kg (4,600 lb). Class: Communications. Spacecraft: Gorizont . Agency: MOM. Perigee: 36,343 km (22,582 mi). Apogee: 36,630 km (22,760 mi). Inclination: 3.70 deg. Period: 1,472.00 min. COSPAR: 1988-028A. USAF Sat Cat: 19017. Completed Operations Date: 1992-09-14. Stationed at 346 deg E. Radio telephone and telegraph communications and television broadcasting. Positioned in geosynchronous orbit at 14 deg W in 1988-1991; 11 deg W in 1991-1992 As of 31 August 2001 located at 29.28 deg W drifting at 8.804 deg W per day. As of 2007 Mar 11 located at 152.02W drifting at 8.807W degrees per day. References: 2, 6, 67, 111, 274. Previous Home Next Contact us with any corrections, additions, or comments. Conditions for use of drawings, pictures, or other materials from this site.. To contact astronauts or cosmonauts. © Mark Wade, 1997 - 2008 except where otherwise noted.